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List of governors of Pennsylvania

Updated: Wikipedia source

List of governors of Pennsylvania

The governor of Pennsylvania is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, as well as commander-in-chief of the state's national guard. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws and the power to approve or veto bills passed by the Pennsylvania General Assembly, as well as to convene the legislature. The governor may grant pardons except in cases of impeachment, but only when recommended by the Board of Pardons. There have been seven presidents and 48 governors of Pennsylvania, with two governors (Robert E. Pattison and Gifford Pinchot) serving non-consecutive terms, totaling 55 terms in both offices. The longest term was that of the first governor, Thomas Mifflin, who served three full terms as governor in addition to two years as President of the Continental Congress. The shortest term belonged to John C. Bell Jr., who served only 19 days as acting governor after his predecessor, Edward Martin, resigned. The current governor is Josh Shapiro, who took office on January 17, 2023.

Infobox

Style
mw- Governor (informal)The Honorable (formal)
Status
Head of stateHead of government
Residence
Governor's Residence
Term length
Four years, renewable once consecutively
Inaugural holder
Thomas Mifflin
Formation
December 21, 1790
Succession
Line of succession
Deputy
Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania
Salary
$201,729 (2020)
Website
Official website

Tables

Presidents of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania · Governors › Presidents of the Supreme Executive Council
1
1
No.
1
President
President
Thomas Wharton Jr.(1735–1778)
Term in office
March 5, 1777–May 23, 1778(died in office)
Vice-President
George Bryan
2
2
No.
2
President
President
George Bryan(1731–1791)
Term in office
May 23, 1778–December 22, 1778(left office)
Vice-President
acting aspresident
3
3
No.
3
President
President
Joseph Reed(1741–1785)
Term in office
December 22, 1778–November 15, 1781(term-limited)
Vice-President
George Bryan(resigned October 11, 1779)
Matthew Smith(resigned November 15, 1779)
Matthew Smith(resigned November 15, 1779)
No.
Matthew Smith(resigned November 15, 1779)
William Moore
William Moore
No.
William Moore
4
4
No.
4
President
President
William Moore(1735–1793)
Term in office
November 15, 1781–November 7, 1782(left office)
Vice-President
James Potter
5
5
No.
5
President
President
John Dickinson(1732–1808)
Term in office
November 7, 1782–October 18, 1785(term-limited)
Vice-President
James Ewing
James Irvine(resigned October 10, 1785)
James Irvine(resigned October 10, 1785)
No.
James Irvine(resigned October 10, 1785)
Charles Biddle
Charles Biddle
No.
Charles Biddle
6
6
No.
6
President
President
Benjamin Franklin(1706–1790)
Term in office
October 18, 1785–November 5, 1788(term-limited)
Peter Muhlenberg(resigned October 14, 1788)
Peter Muhlenberg(resigned October 14, 1788)
No.
Peter Muhlenberg(resigned October 14, 1788)
David Redick
David Redick
No.
David Redick
7
7
No.
7
President
President
Thomas Mifflin(1744–1800)
Term in office
November 5, 1788–December 21, 1790(became state governor)
Vice-President
George Ross
No.
President
Term in office
Vice-President
1
Thomas Wharton Jr.(1735–1778)
March 5, 1777–May 23, 1778(died in office)
George Bryan
2
George Bryan(1731–1791)
May 23, 1778–December 22, 1778(left office)
acting aspresident
3
Joseph Reed(1741–1785)
December 22, 1778–November 15, 1781(term-limited)
George Bryan(resigned October 11, 1779)
Matthew Smith(resigned November 15, 1779)
William Moore
4
William Moore(1735–1793)
November 15, 1781–November 7, 1782(left office)
James Potter
5
John Dickinson(1732–1808)
November 7, 1782–October 18, 1785(term-limited)
James Ewing
James Irvine(resigned October 10, 1785)
Charles Biddle
6
Benjamin Franklin(1706–1790)
October 18, 1785–November 5, 1788(term-limited)
Peter Muhlenberg(resigned October 14, 1788)
David Redick
7
Thomas Mifflin(1744–1800)
November 5, 1788–December 21, 1790(became state governor)
George Ross
Governors of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania · Governors › Governors of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
1
1
No.
1
Governor
Governor
Thomas Mifflin(1744–1800)
Term in office
December 21, 1790–December 17, 1799(term-limited)
Party
None
Election
1790
Lt. Governor
Office did not exist
1796
1796
No.
1796
2
2
No.
2
Governor
Governor
Thomas McKean(1734–1817)
Governor
December 17, 1799–December 20, 1808(term-limited)
Term in office
Democratic-Republican
Party
1799
1802
1802
No.
1802
3
3
No.
3
Governor
Governor
Simon Snyder(1759–1819)
Term in office
December 20, 1808–December 16, 1817(term-limited)
Party
Democratic-Republican
Election
1808
1811
1811
No.
1811
1814
1814
No.
1814
4
4
No.
4
Governor
Governor
William Findlay(1768–1846)
Governor
December 16, 1817–December 19, 1820(lost election)
Term in office
Democratic-Republican
Party
1817
5
5
No.
5
Governor
Governor
Joseph Hiester(1752–1832)
Term in office
December 19, 1820–December 16, 1823(did not run)
Party
Federalist
Election
1820
6
6
No.
6
Governor
Governor
John Andrew Shulze(1775–1852)
Term in office
December 16, 1823–December 15, 1829(did not run)
Party
Democratic-Republican
Election
1823
7
7
No.
7
Governor
Governor
George Wolf(1777–1840)
Term in office
December 15, 1829–December 15, 1835(lost election)
Party
Democratic
Election
1829
1832
1832
No.
1832
8
8
No.
8
Governor
Governor
Joseph Ritner(1780–1869)
Term in office
December 15, 1835–January 15, 1839(lost election)
Party
Anti-Masonic
Election
1835
9
9
No.
9
Governor
Governor
David R. Porter(1788–1867)
Term in office
January 15, 1839–January 21, 1845(term-limited)
Party
Democratic
Election
1838
1841
1841
No.
1841
10
10
No.
10
Governor
Governor
Francis R. Shunk(1788–1848)
Governor
January 21, 1845–July 9, 1848(resigned)
Term in office
Democratic
Party
1844
1847
1847
No.
1847
11
11
No.
11
Governor
Governor
William F. Johnston(1808–1872)
Term in office
July 9, 1848–January 20, 1852(lost election)
Party
Whig
Election
Speaker ofthe Senateacting
1848
1848
No.
1848
12
12
No.
12
Governor
Governor
William Bigler(1814–1880)
Term in office
January 20, 1852–January 16, 1855(lost election)
Party
Democratic
Election
1851
13
13
No.
13
Governor
Governor
James Pollock(1810–1890)
Term in office
January 16, 1855–January 19, 1858(did not run)
Party
Whig
Election
1854
14
14
No.
14
Governor
Governor
William F. Packer(1807–1870)
Term in office
January 19, 1858–January 15, 1861(did not run)
Party
Democratic
Election
1857
15
15
No.
15
Governor
Governor
Andrew Gregg Curtin(1815–1894)
Term in office
January 15, 1861–January 15, 1867(term-limited)
Party
Republican
Election
1860
1863
1863
No.
1863
16
16
No.
16
Governor
Governor
John W. Geary(1819–1873)
Governor
January 15, 1867–January 21, 1873(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1866
1869
1869
No.
1869
17
17
No.
17
Governor
Governor
John F. Hartranft(1830–1889)
Governor
January 21, 1873–January 21, 1879(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1872
1875
1875
No.
1875
Governor
John Latta
18
18
No.
18
Governor
Governor
Henry M. Hoyt(1830–1892)
Governor
January 21, 1879–January 16, 1883(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1878
Election
Charles Warren Stone
19
19
No.
19
Governor
Governor
Robert E. Pattison(1850–1904)
Term in office
January 16, 1883–January 18, 1887(term-limited)
Party
Democratic
Election
1882
Lt. Governor
Chauncey Forward Black
20
20
No.
20
Governor
Governor
James A. Beaver(1837–1914)
Term in office
January 18, 1887–January 20, 1891(term-limited)
Party
Republican
Election
1886
Lt. Governor
William T. Davies
19
19
No.
19
Governor
Governor
Robert E. Pattison(1850–1904)
Term in office
January 20, 1891–January 15, 1895(term-limited)
Party
Democratic
Election
1890
Lt. Governor
Louis Arthur Watres
21
21
No.
21
Governor
Governor
Daniel H. Hastings(1849–1903)
Term in office
January 15, 1895–January 17, 1899(term-limited)
Party
Republican
Election
1894
Lt. Governor
Walter Lyon
22
22
No.
22
Governor
Governor
William A. Stone(1846–1920)
Governor
January 17, 1899–January 20, 1903(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1898
Election
John P. S. Gobin
23
23
No.
23
Governor
Governor
Samuel W. Pennypacker(1843–1916)
Governor
January 20, 1903–January 15, 1907(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1902
Election
William M. Brown
24
24
No.
24
Governor
Governor
Edwin Sydney Stuart(1853–1937)
Governor
January 15, 1907–January 17, 1911(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1906
Election
Robert S. Murphy
25
25
No.
25
Governor
Governor
John K. Tener(1863–1946)
Governor
January 17, 1911–January 19, 1915(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1910
Election
John Merriman Reynolds
26
26
No.
26
Governor
Governor
Martin Grove Brumbaugh(1862–1930)
Governor
January 19, 1915–January 21, 1919(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1914
Election
Frank B. McClain
27
27
No.
27
Governor
Governor
William Cameron Sproul(1870–1928)
Governor
January 21, 1919–January 16, 1923(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1918
Election
Edward E. Beidleman
28
28
No.
28
Governor
Governor
Gifford Pinchot(1865–1946)
Governor
January 16, 1923–January 18, 1927(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1922
Election
David J. Davis
29
29
No.
29
Governor
Governor
John Stuchell Fisher(1867–1940)
Governor
January 18, 1927–January 20, 1931(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1926
Election
Arthur James
28
28
No.
28
Governor
Governor
Gifford Pinchot(1865–1946)
Governor
January 20, 1931–January 15, 1935(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1930
Election
Edward C. Shannon
30
30
No.
30
Governor
Governor
George Howard Earle III(1890–1974)
Term in office
January 15, 1935–January 17, 1939(term-limited)
Party
Democratic
Election
1934
Lt. Governor
Thomas Kennedy
31
31
No.
31
Governor
Governor
Arthur James(1883–1973)
Term in office
January 17, 1939–January 19, 1943(term-limited)
Party
Republican
Election
1938
Lt. Governor
Samuel S. Lewis
32
32
No.
32
Governor
Governor
Edward Martin(1879–1967)
Governor
January 19, 1943–January 2, 1947(resigned)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1942
Election
John C. Bell Jr.
33
33
No.
33
Governor
Governor
John C. Bell Jr.(1892–1974)
Governor
January 2, 1947–January 21, 1947(successor took office)
Term in office
Republican
Party
Succeeded fromlieutenantgovernor
Election
Vacant
34
34
No.
34
Governor
Governor
James H. Duff(1883–1969)
Governor
January 21, 1947–January 16, 1951(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1946
Lt. Governor
Daniel Strickler
35
35
No.
35
Governor
Governor
John S. Fine(1893–1978)
Governor
January 16, 1951–January 18, 1955(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1950
Election
Lloyd H. Wood
36
36
No.
36
Governor
Governor
George M. Leader(1918–2013)
Term in office
January 18, 1955–January 20, 1959(term-limited)
Party
Democratic
Election
1954
Lt. Governor
Roy E. Furman
37
37
No.
37
Governor
Governor
David L. Lawrence(1889–1966)
Governor
January 20, 1959–January 15, 1963(term-limited)
Term in office
Democratic
Party
1958
Election
John Morgan Davis
38
38
No.
38
Governor
Governor
William Scranton(1917–2013)
Term in office
January 15, 1963–January 17, 1967(term-limited)
Party
Republican
Election
1962
Lt. Governor
Raymond P. Shafer
39
39
No.
39
Governor
Governor
Raymond P. Shafer(1917–2006)
Governor
January 17, 1967–January 19, 1971(term-limited)
Term in office
Republican
Party
1966
Election
Raymond J. Broderick
40
40
No.
40
Governor
Governor
Milton Shapp(1912–1994)
Term in office
January 19, 1971–January 16, 1979(term-limited)
Party
Democratic
Election
1970
Lt. Governor
Ernest Kline
1974
1974
No.
1974
41
41
No.
41
Governor
Governor
Dick Thornburgh(1932–2020)
Term in office
January 16, 1979–January 20, 1987(term-limited)
Party
Republican
Election
1978
Lt. Governor
William Scranton III
1982
1982
No.
1982
42
42
No.
42
Governor
Governor
Bob Casey Sr.(1932–2000)
Term in office
January 20, 1987–January 17, 1995(term-limited)
Party
Democratic
Election
1986
Lt. Governor
Mark Singel
1990
1990
No.
1990
43
43
No.
43
Governor
Governor
Tom Ridge(b. 1945)
Term in office
January 17, 1995–October 5, 2001(resigned)
Party
Republican
Election
1994
Lt. Governor
Mark Schweiker
1998
1998
No.
1998
44
44
No.
44
Governor
Governor
Mark Schweiker(b. 1953)
Governor
October 5, 2001–January 21, 2003(did not run)
Term in office
Republican
Party
Succeeded fromlieutenantgovernor
Election
Robert Jubelirer
45
45
No.
45
Governor
Governor
Ed Rendell(b. 1944)
Term in office
January 21, 2003–January 18, 2011(term-limited)
Party
Democratic
Election
2002
Lt. Governor
Catherine Baker Knoll(died November 12, 2008)
2006
2006
No.
2006
46
46
No.
46
Governor
Governor
Tom Corbett(b. 1949)
Term in office
January 18, 2011–January 20, 2015(lost election)
Party
Republican
Election
2010
Lt. Governor
Jim Cawley
47
47
No.
47
Governor
Governor
Tom Wolf(b. 1948)
Term in office
January 20, 2015–January 17, 2023(term-limited)
Party
Democratic
Election
2014
Lt. Governor
Mike Stack
2018
2018
No.
2018
Governor
John Fetterman(resigned January 3, 2023)
48
48
No.
48
Governor
Governor
Josh Shapiro(b. 1973)
Governor
January 17, 2023–Incumbent
Term in office
Democratic
Party
2022
Lt. Governor
Austin Davis
No.
Governor
Term in office
Party
Election
Lt. Governor
1
Thomas Mifflin(1744–1800)
December 21, 1790–December 17, 1799(term-limited)
None
1790
Office did not exist
Democratic-Republican
1793
1796
2
Thomas McKean(1734–1817)
December 17, 1799–December 20, 1808(term-limited)
Democratic-Republican
1799
1802
Constitutionalist
1805
3
Simon Snyder(1759–1819)
December 20, 1808–December 16, 1817(term-limited)
Democratic-Republican
1808
1811
1814
4
William Findlay(1768–1846)
December 16, 1817–December 19, 1820(lost election)
Democratic-Republican
1817
5
Joseph Hiester(1752–1832)
December 19, 1820–December 16, 1823(did not run)
Federalist
1820
6
John Andrew Shulze(1775–1852)
December 16, 1823–December 15, 1829(did not run)
Democratic-Republican
1823
Jacksonian
1826
7
George Wolf(1777–1840)
December 15, 1829–December 15, 1835(lost election)
Democratic
1829
1832
8
Joseph Ritner(1780–1869)
December 15, 1835–January 15, 1839(lost election)
Anti-Masonic
1835
9
David R. Porter(1788–1867)
January 15, 1839–January 21, 1845(term-limited)
Democratic
1838
1841
10
Francis R. Shunk(1788–1848)
January 21, 1845–July 9, 1848(resigned)
Democratic
1844
1847
11
William F. Johnston(1808–1872)
July 9, 1848–January 20, 1852(lost election)
Whig
Speaker ofthe Senateacting
1848
12
William Bigler(1814–1880)
January 20, 1852–January 16, 1855(lost election)
Democratic
1851
13
James Pollock(1810–1890)
January 16, 1855–January 19, 1858(did not run)
Whig
1854
14
William F. Packer(1807–1870)
January 19, 1858–January 15, 1861(did not run)
Democratic
1857
15
Andrew Gregg Curtin(1815–1894)
January 15, 1861–January 15, 1867(term-limited)
Republican
1860
1863
16
John W. Geary(1819–1873)
January 15, 1867–January 21, 1873(term-limited)
Republican
1866
1869
17
John F. Hartranft(1830–1889)
January 21, 1873–January 21, 1879(term-limited)
Republican
1872
1875
John Latta
18
Henry M. Hoyt(1830–1892)
January 21, 1879–January 16, 1883(term-limited)
Republican
1878
Charles Warren Stone
19
Robert E. Pattison(1850–1904)
January 16, 1883–January 18, 1887(term-limited)
Democratic
1882
Chauncey Forward Black
20
James A. Beaver(1837–1914)
January 18, 1887–January 20, 1891(term-limited)
Republican
1886
William T. Davies
19
Robert E. Pattison(1850–1904)
January 20, 1891–January 15, 1895(term-limited)
Democratic
1890
Louis Arthur Watres
21
Daniel H. Hastings(1849–1903)
January 15, 1895–January 17, 1899(term-limited)
Republican
1894
Walter Lyon
22
William A. Stone(1846–1920)
January 17, 1899–January 20, 1903(term-limited)
Republican
1898
John P. S. Gobin
23
Samuel W. Pennypacker(1843–1916)
January 20, 1903–January 15, 1907(term-limited)
Republican
1902
William M. Brown
24
Edwin Sydney Stuart(1853–1937)
January 15, 1907–January 17, 1911(term-limited)
Republican
1906
Robert S. Murphy
25
John K. Tener(1863–1946)
January 17, 1911–January 19, 1915(term-limited)
Republican
1910
John Merriman Reynolds
26
Martin Grove Brumbaugh(1862–1930)
January 19, 1915–January 21, 1919(term-limited)
Republican
1914
Frank B. McClain
27
William Cameron Sproul(1870–1928)
January 21, 1919–January 16, 1923(term-limited)
Republican
1918
Edward E. Beidleman
28
Gifford Pinchot(1865–1946)
January 16, 1923–January 18, 1927(term-limited)
Republican
1922
David J. Davis
29
John Stuchell Fisher(1867–1940)
January 18, 1927–January 20, 1931(term-limited)
Republican
1926
Arthur James
28
Gifford Pinchot(1865–1946)
January 20, 1931–January 15, 1935(term-limited)
Republican
1930
Edward C. Shannon
30
George Howard Earle III(1890–1974)
January 15, 1935–January 17, 1939(term-limited)
Democratic
1934
Thomas Kennedy
31
Arthur James(1883–1973)
January 17, 1939–January 19, 1943(term-limited)
Republican
1938
Samuel S. Lewis
32
Edward Martin(1879–1967)
January 19, 1943–January 2, 1947(resigned)
Republican
1942
John C. Bell Jr.
33
John C. Bell Jr.(1892–1974)
January 2, 1947–January 21, 1947(successor took office)
Republican
Succeeded fromlieutenantgovernor
Vacant
· Timeline
Timeline of Pennsylvania governors

References

  1. Four vice-presidents acted as president at various times; however, Bryan's lengthy term has caused his term to since be
  2. Members of the executive council who served three successive years were ineligible to hold the office for four years aft
  3. The office of lieutenant governor was created in 1873, first being filled in 1875.
  4. Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
  5. Under the 1790 constitution, governors were ineligible to hold the office longer than nine in any term of twelve years.
  6. The Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties jointly nominated Mifflin, but he himself carried no party label.
  7. Dubin and Kallenbach label McKean a Democratic-Republican for 1799 and 1802, and an Independent Democratic-Republican fo
  8. Hiester is labeled an Independent Republican by Dubin, and an Independent Democratic-Republican and Federalist by Glasha
  9. Under the 1838 constitution, governors were ineligible to hold the office longer than six in any term of nine years.
  10. Shunk resigned due to illness; he died of tuberculosis 11 days later.
  11. Shunk resigned on July 9, and as Speaker of the Senate, Johnston became acting governor. He arrived in Harrisburg to be
  12. Pollock also represented the American Party.
  13. Under the 1874 constitution, governors were ineligible to the office for the next succeeding term.
  14. Martin resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate.
  15. Under a 1967 amendment to the constitution, governors may succeed themselves for one additional term.
  16. Singel acted as governor from June 14 to December 21, 1993, while Casey recovered from a heart-liver transplant.
  17. Ridge resigned, having been appointed Director of the Office of Homeland Security.
  18. Represented the Republican Party
  19. Shapiro's term will expire on January 19, 2027.
  20. "CSG Releases 2013 Governor Salaries"
    http://knowledgecenter.csg.org/kc/content/csg-releases-2013-governor-salaries
  21. PA Constitution article IV, § 7
  22. PA Constitution article IV, § 15
  23. PA Constitution article IV, § 12
  24. PA Constitution article IV, § 9
  25. "Ratification of the Constitution by the State of Pennsylvania; December 12, 1787"
    http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/ratpa.asp
  26. 1776 Constitution § 3
  27. 1776 Constitution § 19
  28. "Thomas Wharton"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/thomas-wharton/
  29. Smull's Legislative Hand Book and Manual of the State of Pennsylvania
    https://books.google.com/books?id=APdWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA360
  30. "George Bryan"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/george-bryan/
  31. "Joseph Reed"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/joseph-reed/
  32. Kallenbach 1977, p. 490.
  33. www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu
    http://www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu/Search/results.aspx?srch=1&state=%27PA%27&CID=252&art=&sec=19&amd=&key=&Yr=
  34. "William Moore"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/william-moore/
  35. "John Dickinson"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/john-dickinson/
  36. "Benjamin Franklin"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/benjamin-franklin/
  37. Sobel 1978, pp. 1293–1294.
  38. "Thomas Mifflin"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/thomas-mifflin/
  39. 1790 Constitution article II, § 1
  40. 1790 Constitution article IV, § 3
  41. 1838 Constitution article II, § 3
  42. 1874 Constitution article IV, § 3
  43. PA Constitution article IV, § 3
  44. PA Constitution article IV, § 13
  45. PA Constitution article IV, § 14
  46. "Executive Branch of the Several States"
    http://www.thegreenpapers.com/slg/executive.phtml
  47. Dunlap and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/dunlap-and-claypooles-american-daily-ad/126298910/
  48. www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu
    http://www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu/Search/results.aspx?srch=1&state=%27PA%27&CID=253&art=2&sec=3&amd=&key=&Yr=
  49. A New Nation Votes
    https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/k930bz14c
  50. Glashan 1979, p. 260.
  51. Sobel 1978, pp. 1294–1296.
  52. "Thomas McKean"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/thomas-mckean-2/
  53. The Gleaner
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-gleaner-thomas-mckean-inaugurated-de/126317785/
  54. Dubin 2003, p. 216.
  55. Kallenbach 1977, pp. 493–494.
  56. Sobel 1978, pp. 1296–1297.
  57. "Simon Snyder"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/simon-snyder/
  58. Lancaster Intelligencer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/lancaster-intelligencer-snyder-inaugurat/126317900/
  59. Kallenbach 1977, pp. 491–493.
  60. Sobel 1978, pp. 1297–1298.
  61. "William Findlay"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/william-findlay/
  62. Lancaster Intelligencer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/lancaster-intelligencer-findlay-inaugura/126317964/
  63. Sobel 1978, pp. 1298–1299.
  64. "Joseph Hiester"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/joseph-hiester/
  65. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-hiester-inaugu/126318083/
  66. Dubin 2003, p. 219.
  67. Sobel 1978, pp. 1299–1301.
  68. "John Andrew Shulze"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/john-andrew-shulze/
  69. York Gazette
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/york-gazette-shulze-inaugurated-december/126318144/
  70. Sobel 1978, pp. 1301–1302.
  71. "George Wolf"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/george-wolf/
  72. Pennsylvania Republican
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/pennsylvania-republican-wolf-inaugurated/126318292/
  73. Sobel 1978, pp. 1302–1303.
  74. "Joseph Ritner"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/joseph-ritner/
  75. The Lancaster Examiner
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-lancaster-examiner-ritner-inaugurate/126318353/
  76. Sobel 1978, pp. 1303–1304.
  77. "David Rittenhouse Porter"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/david-rittenhouse-porter/
  78. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-porter-inaugur/126318450/
  79. www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu
    http://www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu/Search/results.aspx?srch=1&state=%27PA%27&CID=254&art=2&sec=3&amd=&key=&Yr=
  80. Sobel 1978, p. 1305.
  81. "Francis Rawn Shunk"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/francis-rawn-shunk/
  82. The Chambersburg Times
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-chambersburg-times-the-inauguration/126318690/
  83. Sobel 1978, p. 1306.
  84. "William Freame Johnston"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/william-freame-johnston/
  85. The Lancaster Examiner
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-lancaster-examiner-johnston-succeeds/126319423/
  86. Public Ledger
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/public-ledger-shunk-dies-johnston-still/126319215/
  87. Public Ledger
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/public-ledger-governor-johnston-sworn-in/126319457/
  88. Sobel 1978, pp. 1307–1308.
  89. "William Bigler"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/william-bigler/
  90. Sunbury American
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/sunbury-american-inauguration-of-gov-bi/126322656/
  91. Sobel 1978, p. 1308.
  92. "James Pollock"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/james-pollock/
  93. Carlisle Weekly Herald
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/carlisle-weekly-herald-the-inauguration/126322852/
  94. Sobel 1978, p. 1309.
  95. "William Fisher Packer"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/william-fisher-packer/
  96. Pittsburgh Daily Post
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/pittsburgh-daily-post-packer-inaugurated/126322898/
  97. Sobel 1978, pp. 1310–1311.
  98. "Andrew Gregg Curtin"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/andrew-gregg-curtin/
  99. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-inauguration-o/126322937/
  100. Sobel 1978, p. 1311.
  101. "John White Geary"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/john-white-geary/
  102. Pittsburgh Weekly Gazette
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/pittsburgh-weekly-gazette-the-inaugurati/126322995/
  103. Sobel 1978, p. 1312.
  104. "John Frederick Hartranft"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/john-frederick-hartranft/
  105. Reading Times
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/reading-times-inauguration-of-gen-hartr/126323060/
  106. www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu
    http://www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu/Search/results.aspx?srch=1&state=%27PA%27&CID=255&art=4&sec=3&amd=&key=&Yr=
  107. Sobel 1978, pp. 1312–1313.
  108. "Henry Martyn Hoyt"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/henry-martyn-hoyt/
  109. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-governor-hoyt/126323136/
  110. Sobel 1978, pp. 1313–1314.
  111. "Robert Emory Pattison"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/robert-emory-pattison/
  112. Intelligencer Journal
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/intelligencer-journal-pattison-inaugurat/126323275/
  113. Sobel 1978, pp. 1314–1315.
  114. "James Addams Beaver"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/james-addams-beaver/
  115. Lancaster New Era
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/lancaster-new-era-beaver-inaugurated-jan/126323305/
  116. The York Dispatch
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-york-dispatch-pattison-inaugurated-j/126323389/
  117. Sobel 1978, p. 1315.
  118. "Daniel Hartman Hastings"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/daniel-hartman-hastings/
  119. Lebanon Daily News
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/lebanon-daily-news-hastings-inaugurated/126323419/
  120. Sobel 1978, p. 1316.
  121. "William Alexis Stone"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/william-alexis-stone/
  122. Wilkes-Barre Times Leader
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/wilkes-barre-times-leader-stone-inaugura/126323450/
  123. Sobel 1978, pp. 1316–1317.
  124. "Samuel Whitaker Pennypacker"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/samuel-whitaker-pennypacker/
  125. Wilkes-Barre Times Leader
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/wilkes-barre-times-leader-pennypacker-in/126333543/
  126. Sobel 1978, pp. 1317–1318.
  127. "Edwin Sydney Stuart"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/edwin-sydney-stuart/
  128. Wilkes-Barre Times
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/wilkes-barre-times-stuart-inaugurated-ja/126333733/
  129. Sobel 1978, p. 1318.
  130. "John Kinley Tener"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/john-kinley-tener/
  131. Warren Times Mirror
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/warren-times-mirror-tener-inaugurated-ja/126333851/
  132. Sobel 1978, p. 1319.
  133. "Martin Grove Brumbaugh"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/martin-grove-brumbaugh/
  134. Harrisburg Telegraph
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/harrisburg-telegraph-brumbaugh-inaugurat/126333895/
  135. Sobel 1978, pp. 1319–1320.
  136. "William Cameron Sproul"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/william-cameron-sproul/
  137. Republican and Herald
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/republican-and-herald-sproul-inaugurated/126334151/
  138. Sobel 1978, pp. 1320–1321.
  139. "Gifford Pinchot"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/gifford-pinchot/
  140. Wilkes-Barre Times Leader
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/wilkes-barre-times-leader-pinchot-inaugu/126334210/
  141. Sobel 1978, pp. 1321–1322.
  142. "John Stuchell Fisher"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/john-stuchell-fisher/
  143. Wilkes-Barre Times Leader
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/wilkes-barre-times-leader-fisher-inaugur/126334350/
  144. Harrisburg Telegraph
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/harrisburg-telegraph-pinchot-inaugurated/126334591/
  145. Sobel 1978, pp. 1322–1323.
  146. "George Howard Earle"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/george-howard-earle/
  147. The Times Leader
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-times-leader-earle-inaugurated-janua/126335369/
  148. Sobel 1978, p. 1323.
  149. "Arthur Horace James"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/arthur-horace-james/
  150. Shamokin News-Dispatch
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/shamokin-news-dispatch-james-inaugurated/126335430/
  151. Sobel 1978, p. 1324.
  152. "Edward Martin"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/edward-martin/
  153. Wilkes-Barre Times Leader, the Evening News
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/wilkes-barre-times-leader-the-evening-n/126335505/
  154. Sobel 1978, p. 1325.
  155. "John Cromwell Bell"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/john-cromwell-bell/
  156. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/pittsburgh-post-gazette-bell-succeeds-ma/126335638/
  157. Sobel 1978, pp. 1325–1326.
  158. "James Henderson Duff"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/james-henderson-duff/
  159. Centre Daily Times
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/centre-daily-times-duff-inaugurated-janu/126344507/
  160. Sobel 1978, pp. 1326–1327.
  161. "John Sydney Fine"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/john-sydney-fine/
  162. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-fine-inaugurat/126344574/
  163. Sobel 1978, p. 1327.
  164. "George Michael Leader"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/george-michael-leader/
  165. The Times Leader
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-times-leader-leader-inaugurated-janu/126344651/
  166. Sobel 1978, p. 1328.
  167. "David Leo Lawrence"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/david-leo-lawrence/
  168. The Tribune
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-tribune-lawrence-inaugurated-january/126344739/
  169. Sobel 1978, pp. 1328–1329.
  170. "William W. Scranton"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/william-w-scranton/
  171. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-scranton-inaug/126344818/
  172. Sobel 1978, pp. 1329–1330.
  173. "Raymond Philip Shafer"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/raymond-philip-shafer/
  174. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-shafer-inaugur/126344997/
  175. Sobel 1978, p. 1330.
  176. "Milton Jerrold Shapp"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/milton-jerrold-shapp/
  177. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-shapp-inaugura/126345053/
  178. "Pa. Const. art. IV, § 3"
    https://law.justia.com/constitution/pennsylvania/
  179. "Dick Thornburgh"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/dick-thornburgh/
  180. The Times Leader
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-times-leader-thornburgh-inaugurated/126346680/
  181. "Robert P. Casey"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/robert-p-casey/
  182. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/pittsburgh-post-gazette-casey-inaugurate/126346732/
  183. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/pittsburgh-post-gazette-casey-resumes-du/126347790/
  184. "Tom Ridge"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/tom-ridge/
  185. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-ridge-inaugura/126346790/
  186. "Mark Schweiker"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/mark-schweiker/
  187. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-schweiker-succ/126346992/
  188. "Edward G. Rendell"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/edward-g-rendell/
  189. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-philadelphia-inquirer-rendell-inaugu/126347273/
  190. "Tom Corbett"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/tom-corbett/
  191. Intelligencer Journal/Lancaster New Era
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/intelligencer-journallancaster-new-era/126347360/
  192. "Tom Wolf"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/tom-wolf/
  193. The Morning Call
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-morning-call-wolf-inaugurated-januar/126347403/
  194. "Josh Shapiro"
    https://www.nga.org/governor/josh-shapiro/
  195. Citizens' Voice
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/citizens-voice-shapiro-inaugurated-janu/126347466/
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