| No. | Governor | Term in office | Party | Election | Lt. Governor |
| 1 | | | William Dunn Moseley(1795–1863) | June 25, 1845–October 1, 1849(term-limited) | Democratic | 1845 | Office did not exist |
| 2 | | | Thomas Brown(1785–1867) | October 1, 1849–October 3, 1853(term-limited) | Whig | 1848 |
| 3 | | | James E. Broome(1808–1883) | October 3, 1853–October 5, 1857(term-limited) | Democratic | 1852 |
| 4 | | Madison S. Perry(1814–1865) | October 5, 1857–October 7, 1861(term-limited) | Democratic | 1856 |
| 5 | | John Milton(1807–1865) | October 7, 1861–April 1, 1865(died in office) | Democratic | 1860 |
| 6 | | Abraham K. Allison(1810–1893) | April 1, 1865–May 19, 1865(resigned) | Democratic | President ofthe Senateacting |
| — | Vacant | May 19, 1865–July 13, 1865 | Office vacatedafter civil war |
| 7 | | | William Marvin(1808–1902) | July 13, 1865–December 20, 1865(provisional term ended) | Provisional governorappointed by President |
| 8 | | | David S. Walker(1815–1891) | December 20, 1865–July 4, 1868(did not run) | Conservative | 1865 | | William W. J. Kelly |
| 9 | | | Harrison Reed(1813–1899) | July 4, 1868–January 7, 1873(did not run) | Republican | 1868 | William Henry Gleason(removed December 14, 1868) |
| Vacant |
| | Edmund C. Weeks(appointed January 24, 1870)(term ended December 27, 1870) |
| Samuel T. Day(took office December 27, 1870) |
| 10 | | Ossian B. Hart(1821–1874) | January 7, 1873–March 18, 1874(died in office) | Republican | 1872 | Marcellus Stearns |
| 11 | | Marcellus Stearns(1839–1891) | March 18, 1874–January 2, 1877(lost election) | Republican | Lieutenantgovernoracting | Acting as governor |
| 12 | | | George Franklin Drew(1827–1900) | January 2, 1877–January 4, 1881(did not run) | Democratic | 1876 | | Noble A. Hull(resigned March 3, 1879) |
| Vacant |
| 13 | | William D. Bloxham(1835–1911) | January 4, 1881–January 6, 1885(lost nomination) | Democratic | 1880 | | Livingston W. Bethel |
| 14 | | Edward A. Perry(1831–1889) | January 6, 1885–January 8, 1889(term-limited) | Democratic | 1884 | Milton H. Mabry |
| 15 | | Francis P. Fleming(1841–1908) | January 8, 1889–January 3, 1893(term-limited) | Democratic | 1888 | Office did not exist |
| 16 | | Henry L. Mitchell(1831–1903) | January 3, 1893–January 5, 1897(term-limited) | Democratic | 1892 |
| 17 | | William D. Bloxham(1835–1911) | January 5, 1897–January 8, 1901(term-limited) | Democratic | 1896 |
| 18 | | William Sherman Jennings(1863–1920) | January 8, 1901–January 3, 1905(term-limited) | Democratic | 1900 |
| 19 | | Napoleon B. Broward(1857–1910) | January 3, 1905–January 5, 1909(term-limited) | Democratic | 1904 |
| 20 | | Albert W. Gilchrist(1858–1926) | January 5, 1909–January 7, 1913(term-limited) | Democratic | 1908 |
| 21 | | Park Trammell(1876–1936) | January 7, 1913–January 2, 1917(term-limited) | Democratic | 1912 |
| 22 | | | Sidney Johnston Catts(1863–1936) | January 2, 1917–January 4, 1921(term-limited) | Prohibition | 1916 |
| 23 | | | Cary A. Hardee(1876–1957) | January 4, 1921–January 6, 1925(term-limited) | Democratic | 1920 |
| 24 | | John W. Martin(1884–1958) | January 6, 1925–January 8, 1929(term-limited) | Democratic | 1924 |
| 25 | | Doyle E. Carlton(1885–1972) | January 8, 1929–January 3, 1933(term-limited) | Democratic | 1928 |
| 26 | | David Sholtz(1891–1953) | January 3, 1933–January 5, 1937(term-limited) | Democratic | 1932 |
| 27 | | Fred P. Cone(1871–1948) | January 5, 1937–January 7, 1941(term-limited) | Democratic | 1936 |
| 28 | | Spessard Holland(1892–1971) | January 7, 1941–January 2, 1945(term-limited) | Democratic | 1940 |
| 29 | | Millard Caldwell(1897–1984) | January 2, 1945–January 4, 1949(term-limited) | Democratic | 1944 |
| 30 | | Fuller Warren(1905–1973) | January 4, 1949–January 6, 1953(term-limited) | Democratic | 1948 |
| 31 | | Daniel T. McCarty(1912–1953) | January 6, 1953–September 28, 1953(died in office) | Democratic | 1952 |
| 32 | | Charley Eugene Johns(1905–1990) | September 28, 1953–January 4, 1955(lost nomination) | Democratic | President ofthe Senateacting |
| 33 | | LeRoy Collins(1909–1991) | January 4, 1955–January 3, 1961(term-limited) | Democratic | 1954(special) |
| 1956 |
| 34 | | C. Farris Bryant(1914–2002) | January 3, 1961–January 5, 1965(term-limited) | Democratic | 1960 |
| 35 | | W. Haydon Burns(1912–1987) | January 5, 1965–January 3, 1967(lost nomination) | Democratic | 1964 |
| 36 | | | Claude R. Kirk Jr.(1926–2011) | January 3, 1967–January 5, 1971(lost election) | Republican | 1966 |
| | Ray C. Osborne(office created January 7, 1969) |
| 37 | | | Reubin Askew(1928–2014) | January 5, 1971–January 2, 1979(term-limited) | Democratic | 1970 | | Thomas Burton Adams Jr. |
| 1974 | Jim Williams |
| 38 | | Bob Graham(1936–2024) | January 2, 1979–January 3, 1987(resigned) | Democratic | 1978 | Wayne Mixson |
| 1982 |
| 39 | | Wayne Mixson(1922–2020) | January 3, 1987–January 6, 1987(successor took office) | Democratic | Succeeded fromlieutenantgovernor | Vacant |
| 40 | | | Bob Martinez(b. 1934) | January 6, 1987–January 8, 1991(lost election) | Republican | 1986 | | Bobby Brantley |