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List of current cardinals

Updated: Wikipedia source

List of current cardinals

Cardinals are senior members of the clergy of the Catholic Church. As titular members of the clergy of the Diocese of Rome, they serve as advisors to the pope, who is the bishop of Rome. They are typically ordained bishops and generally hold important roles within the church, such as leading prominent archdioceses or heading dicasteries within the Roman Curia. Cardinals are chosen by the pope and formally created in a consistory, and one of their foremost duties is the election of a new pope – invariably from among their number, although not strictly a requirement – when the Holy See is vacant (sede vacante), following the death or resignation of a pope. Collectively, they constitute the College of Cardinals. Under current ecclesiastical law, as defined by the apostolic constitution Universi Dominici gregis (1996), only cardinals who have not passed their 80th birthdays on the day on which the Holy See becomes vacant are eligible to take part in a papal conclave to elect a new pope. The same apostolic constitution specifies that no more than 120 cardinals may take part in a conclave, but makes no provision for there being more than 120 eligible cardinal electors, a number that has often been exceeded. Cardinals may be created in pectore (lit. 'in the breast'), in which case the pope does not reveal their identities; they are not entitled to the privileges of a cardinal until their names are published by the pope. The creations of any such cardinals whose names have not been revealed before the pope's death or resignation automatically lapse. As of 4 November 2025, there are 245 cardinals, 127 of whom are cardinal electors. The most recent consistory for the creation of cardinals was held on 7 December 2024, when Pope Francis created 21 cardinals, including 20 cardinal electors. Antonio Cañizares Llovera was the most recent cardinal elector to turn 80, on 15 October 2025. Vincent Nichols will be the next cardinal elector to turn 80, on 8 November 2025. The most recent death of a cardinal was that of Dominik Duka on 4 November 2025, at the age of 82.

Tables

· Cardinals: listed in order of precedence
Giovanni Battista Re*
Giovanni Battista Re*
Rank
1
Name
Giovanni Battista Re*
Country
Italy
Born
30 January 1934(age 91)
Order
CB
Consistory
21 February 2001John Paul II
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Bishops (Dean)
Leonardo Sandri*
Leonardo Sandri*
Rank
2
Name
Leonardo Sandri*
Country
Argentina
Born
18 November 1943(age 81)
Order
CB
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches (Vice Dean)
Francis Arinze*
Francis Arinze*
Rank
3
Name
Francis Arinze*
Country
Nigeria
Born
1 November 1932(age 93)
Order
CB
Consistory
25 May 1985John Paul II
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
Tarcisio Bertone SDB*
Tarcisio Bertone SDB*
Rank
4
Name
Tarcisio Bertone SDB*
Country
Italy
Born
2 December 1934(age 90)
Order
CB
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Secretary of State emeritus of His Holiness and Camerlengo emeritus of the Holy Roman Church
José Saraiva Martins CMF*
José Saraiva Martins CMF*
Rank
5
Name
José Saraiva Martins CMF*
Country
Portugal
Born
6 January 1932(age 93)
Order
CB
Consistory
21 February 2001John Paul II
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints
Pietro Parolin
Pietro Parolin
Rank
6
Name
Pietro Parolin
Country
Italy
Born
17 January 1955(age 70)
Order
CB
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Secretary of State of His Holiness
Marc Ouellet PSS*
Marc Ouellet PSS*
Rank
7
Name
Marc Ouellet PSS*
Country
Canada
Born
8 June 1944(age 81)
Order
CB
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for Bishops
Fernando Filoni
Fernando Filoni
Rank
8
Name
Fernando Filoni
Country
Italy
Born
15 April 1946(age 79)
Order
CB
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Grand Master of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre
Beniamino Stella*
Beniamino Stella*
Rank
9
Name
Beniamino Stella*
Country
Italy
Born
18 August 1941(age 84)
Order
CB
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Clergy
Luis Antonio Tagle
Luis Antonio Tagle
Rank
10
Name
Luis Antonio Tagle
Country
Philippines
Born
21 June 1957(age 68)
Order
CB
Consistory
24 November 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Pro-Prefect of the Dicastery for Evangelization
Bechara Boutros al-Rahi OMM*
Bechara Boutros al-Rahi OMM*
Rank
11
Name
Bechara Boutros al-Rahi OMM*
Country
Lebanon
Born
25 February 1940(age 85)
Order
CB
Consistory
24 November 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Patriarch of Antioch(Maronite Church)
Louis Raphaël I Sako
Louis Raphaël I Sako
Rank
12
Name
Louis Raphaël I Sako
Country
Iraq
Born
4 July 1948(age 77)
Order
CB
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Patriarch of Baghdad(Chaldean Church)
Michael Michai Kitbunchu*
Michael Michai Kitbunchu*
Rank
13
Name
Michael Michai Kitbunchu*
Country
Thailand
Born
25 January 1929(age 96)
Order
CP
Consistory
2 February 1983John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Bangkok
Paul Poupard*
Paul Poupard*
Rank
14
Name
Paul Poupard*
Country
France
Born
30 August 1930(age 95)
Order
CP
Consistory
25 May 1985John Paul II
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Councils for Culture and for Interreligious Dialogue
Friedrich Wetter*
Friedrich Wetter*
Rank
15
Name
Friedrich Wetter*
Country
Germany
Born
20 February 1928(age 97)
Order
CP
Consistory
25 May 1985John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Munich and Freising
Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez*
Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez*
Rank
16
Name
Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez*
Country
Dominican Republic
Born
31 October 1936(age 89)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 1991John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Santo Domingo
Roger Mahony*
Roger Mahony*
Rank
17
Name
Roger Mahony*
Country
United States
Born
27 February 1936(age 89)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 1991John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Los Angeles
Camillo Ruini*
Camillo Ruini*
Rank
18
Name
Camillo Ruini*
Country
Italy
Born
19 February 1931(age 94)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 1991John Paul II
Office
Vicar General emeritus for Rome and Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran
Julius Darmaatmadja SJ*
Julius Darmaatmadja SJ*
Rank
19
Name
Julius Darmaatmadja SJ*
Country
Indonesia
Born
20 December 1934(age 90)
Order
CP
Consistory
26 November 1994John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Jakarta
Emmanuel Wamala*
Emmanuel Wamala*
Rank
20
Name
Emmanuel Wamala*
Country
Uganda
Born
15 December 1926(age 98)
Order
CP
Consistory
26 November 1994John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Kampala
Adam Maida*
Adam Maida*
Rank
21
Name
Adam Maida*
Country
United States
Born
18 March 1930(age 95)
Order
CP
Consistory
26 November 1994John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Detroit
Vinko Puljić*
Vinko Puljić*
Rank
22
Name
Vinko Puljić*
Country
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Born
8 September 1945(age 80)
Order
CP
Consistory
26 November 1994John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Vrhbosna
Juan Sandoval Íñiguez*
Juan Sandoval Íñiguez*
Rank
23
Name
Juan Sandoval Íñiguez*
Country
Mexico
Born
28 March 1933(age 92)
Order
CP
Consistory
26 November 1994John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Guadalajara
James Stafford*
James Stafford*
Rank
24
Name
James Stafford*
Country
United States
Born
26 July 1932(age 93)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 1998John Paul II
Office
Major Penitentiary emeritus
Salvatore De Giorgi*
Salvatore De Giorgi*
Rank
25
Name
Salvatore De Giorgi*
Country
Italy
Born
6 September 1930(age 95)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 1998John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Palermo
Antonio María Rouco Varela*
Antonio María Rouco Varela*
Rank
26
Name
Antonio María Rouco Varela*
Country
Spain
Born
20 August 1936(age 89)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 1998John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Madrid
Polycarp Pengo*
Polycarp Pengo*
Rank
27
Name
Polycarp Pengo*
Country
Tanzania
Born
5 August 1944(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 1998John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Dar-es-Salaam
Christoph Schönborn OP*
Christoph Schönborn OP*
Rank
28
Name
Christoph Schönborn OP*
Country
Austria
Born
22 January 1945(age 80)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 1998John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Vienna
Norberto Rivera Carrera*
Norberto Rivera Carrera*
Rank
29
Name
Norberto Rivera Carrera*
Country
Mexico
Born
6 June 1942(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 1998John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Mexico
Jānis Pujats*
Jānis Pujats*
Rank
30
Name
Jānis Pujats*
Country
Latvia
Born
14 November 1930(age 94)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 1998John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Riga
Crescenzio Sepe*
Crescenzio Sepe*
Rank
31
Name
Crescenzio Sepe*
Country
Italy
Born
2 June 1943(age 82)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 2001John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Naples
Walter Kasper*
Walter Kasper*
Rank
32
Name
Walter Kasper*
Country
Germany
Born
5 March 1933(age 92)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 2001John Paul II
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
Audrys Bačkis*
Audrys Bačkis*
Rank
33
Name
Audrys Bačkis*
Country
Lithuania
Born
1 February 1937(age 88)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 2001John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Vilnius
Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa ISch*
Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa ISch*
Rank
34
Name
Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa ISch*
Country
Chile
Born
5 September 1933(age 92)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 2001John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile
Wilfrid Napier OFM*
Wilfrid Napier OFM*
Rank
35
Name
Wilfrid Napier OFM*
Country
South Africa
Born
8 March 1941(age 84)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 2001John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Durban
Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga SDB*
Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga SDB*
Rank
36
Name
Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga SDB*
Country
Honduras
Born
29 December 1942(age 82)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 2001John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Tegucigalpa and Coordinator emeritus of the Council of Cardinals
Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne*
Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne*
Rank
37
Name
Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne*
Country
Peru
Born
28 December 1943(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 February 2001John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Lima
Julián Herranz Casado*
Julián Herranz Casado*
Rank
38
Name
Julián Herranz Casado*
Country
Spain
Born
31 March 1930(age 95)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts
Angelo Scola*
Angelo Scola*
Rank
39
Name
Angelo Scola*
Country
Italy
Born
7 November 1941(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Milan
Anthony Olubunmi Okogie*
Anthony Olubunmi Okogie*
Rank
40
Name
Anthony Olubunmi Okogie*
Country
Nigeria
Born
16 June 1936(age 89)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Lagos
Gabriel Zubeir Wako*
Gabriel Zubeir Wako*
Rank
41
Name
Gabriel Zubeir Wako*
Country
Sudan
Born
27 February 1941(age 84)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Khartoum
Justin Rigali*
Justin Rigali*
Rank
42
Name
Justin Rigali*
Country
United States
Born
19 April 1935(age 90)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Philadelphia
Ennio Antonelli*
Ennio Antonelli*
Rank
43
Name
Ennio Antonelli*
Country
Italy
Born
18 November 1936(age 88)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Family
Peter Turkson
Peter Turkson
Rank
44
Name
Peter Turkson
Country
Ghana
Born
11 October 1948(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Chancellor of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences and the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences
Josip Bozanić
Josip Bozanić
Rank
45
Name
Josip Bozanić
Country
Croatia
Born
20 March 1949(age 76)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Zagreb
Jean-Baptiste Phạm Minh Mẫn*
Jean-Baptiste Phạm Minh Mẫn*
Rank
46
Name
Jean-Baptiste Phạm Minh Mẫn*
Country
Vietnam
Born
5 March 1934(age 91)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Ho Chi Minh City
Philippe Barbarin
Philippe Barbarin
Rank
47
Name
Philippe Barbarin
Country
France
Born
17 October 1950(age 75)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Lyon
Péter Erdő
Péter Erdő
Rank
48
Name
Péter Erdő
Country
Hungary
Born
25 June 1952(age 73)
Order
CP
Consistory
21 October 2003John Paul II
Office
Archbishop of Esztergom–Budapest
Franc Rodé CM*
Franc Rodé CM*
Rank
49
Name
Franc Rodé CM*
Country
Slovenia
Born
23 September 1934(age 91)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 March 2006Benedict XVI
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
Agostino Vallini*
Agostino Vallini*
Rank
50
Name
Agostino Vallini*
Country
Italy
Born
17 April 1940(age 85)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 March 2006Benedict XVI
Office
Pontifical Legate emeritus for the Basilicas of Saint Francis and Saint Mary of the Angels in Assisi
Gaudencio Borbon Rosales*
Gaudencio Borbon Rosales*
Rank
51
Name
Gaudencio Borbon Rosales*
Country
Philippines
Born
10 August 1932(age 93)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 March 2006Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Manila
Jean-Pierre Ricard*
Jean-Pierre Ricard*
Rank
52
Name
Jean-Pierre Ricard*
Country
France
Born
25 September 1944(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 March 2006Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Bordeaux
Antonio Cañizares Llovera*
Antonio Cañizares Llovera*
Rank
53
Name
Antonio Cañizares Llovera*
Country
Spain
Born
15 October 1945(age 80)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 March 2006Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Valencia
Seán Patrick O'Malley OFMCap*
Seán Patrick O'Malley OFMCap*
Rank
54
Name
Seán Patrick O'Malley OFMCap*
Country
United States
Born
29 June 1944(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 March 2006Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Boston and President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors
Stanisław Dziwisz*
Stanisław Dziwisz*
Rank
55
Name
Stanisław Dziwisz*
Country
Poland
Born
27 April 1939(age 86)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 March 2006Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Kraków
Joseph Zen Ze-kiun SDB*
Joseph Zen Ze-kiun SDB*
Rank
56
Name
Joseph Zen Ze-kiun SDB*
Country
China(Hong Kong)
Born
13 January 1932(age 93)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 March 2006Benedict XVI
Office
Bishop emeritus of Hong Kong
Giovanni Lajolo*
Giovanni Lajolo*
Rank
57
Name
Giovanni Lajolo*
Country
Italy
Born
3 January 1935(age 90)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
Angelo Comastri*
Angelo Comastri*
Rank
58
Name
Angelo Comastri*
Country
Italy
Born
17 September 1943(age 82)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Vicar General emeritus for Vatican City, Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter and President emeritus of the Fabric of Saint Peter
Stanisław Ryłko*
Stanisław Ryłko*
Rank
59
Name
Stanisław Ryłko*
Country
Poland
Born
4 July 1945(age 80)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major
Raffaele Farina SDB*
Raffaele Farina SDB*
Rank
60
Name
Raffaele Farina SDB*
Country
Italy
Born
24 September 1933(age 92)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archivist and Librarian emeritus of the Holy Roman Church
Seán Brady*
Seán Brady*
Rank
61
Name
Seán Brady*
Country
Ireland
Born
16 August 1939(age 86)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Armagh
Lluís Martínez i Sistach*
Lluís Martínez i Sistach*
Rank
62
Name
Lluís Martínez i Sistach*
Country
Spain
Born
29 April 1937(age 88)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Barcelona
Angelo Bagnasco*
Angelo Bagnasco*
Rank
63
Name
Angelo Bagnasco*
Country
Italy
Born
14 January 1943(age 82)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Genoa
Théodore-Adrien Sarr*
Théodore-Adrien Sarr*
Rank
64
Name
Théodore-Adrien Sarr*
Country
Senegal
Born
28 November 1936(age 88)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Dakar
Oswald Gracias*
Oswald Gracias*
Rank
65
Name
Oswald Gracias*
Country
India
Born
24 December 1944(age 80)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Bombay
Francisco Robles Ortega
Francisco Robles Ortega
Rank
66
Name
Francisco Robles Ortega
Country
Mexico
Born
2 March 1949(age 76)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop of Guadalajara
Daniel DiNardo
Daniel DiNardo
Rank
67
Name
Daniel DiNardo
Country
United States
Born
23 May 1949(age 76)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Galveston–Houston
Odilo Scherer
Odilo Scherer
Rank
68
Name
Odilo Scherer
Country
Brazil
Born
21 September 1949(age 76)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop of São Paulo
John Njue
John Njue
Rank
69
Name
John Njue
Country
Kenya
Born
1 January 1946(age 79)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Nairobi
Robert Sarah*
Robert Sarah*
Rank
70
Name
Robert Sarah*
Country
Guinea
Born
15 June 1945(age 80)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
Francesco Monterisi*
Francesco Monterisi*
Rank
71
Name
Francesco Monterisi*
Country
Italy
Born
28 May 1934(age 91)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
Raymond Leo Burke
Raymond Leo Burke
Rank
72
Name
Raymond Leo Burke
Country
United States
Born
30 June 1948(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Patron emeritus of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Kurt Koch
Kurt Koch
Rank
73
Name
Kurt Koch
Country
Switzerland
Born
15 March 1950(age 75)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Prefect of the Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity
Mauro Piacenza*
Mauro Piacenza*
Rank
74
Name
Mauro Piacenza*
Country
Italy
Born
15 September 1944(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Major Penitentiary emeritus
Gianfranco Ravasi*
Gianfranco Ravasi*
Rank
75
Name
Gianfranco Ravasi*
Country
Italy
Born
18 October 1942(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Culture
Paolo Romeo*
Paolo Romeo*
Rank
76
Name
Paolo Romeo*
Country
Italy
Born
20 February 1938(age 87)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Palermo
Donald Wuerl*
Donald Wuerl*
Rank
77
Name
Donald Wuerl*
Country
United States
Born
12 November 1940(age 84)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Washington
Raymundo Damasceno Assis*
Raymundo Damasceno Assis*
Rank
78
Name
Raymundo Damasceno Assis*
Country
Brazil
Born
15 February 1937(age 88)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Aparecida
Kazimierz Nycz
Kazimierz Nycz
Rank
79
Name
Kazimierz Nycz
Country
Poland
Born
1 February 1950(age 75)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Warsaw
Malcolm Ranjith
Malcolm Ranjith
Rank
80
Name
Malcolm Ranjith
Country
Sri Lanka
Born
15 November 1947(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop of Colombo
Reinhard Marx
Reinhard Marx
Rank
81
Name
Reinhard Marx
Country
Germany
Born
21 September 1953(age 72)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Coordinator of the Council for the Economy
Walter Brandmüller*
Walter Brandmüller*
Rank
82
Name
Walter Brandmüller*
Country
Germany
Born
5 January 1929(age 96)
Order
CP
Consistory
20 November 2010Benedict XVI
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences
Manuel Monteiro de Castro*
Manuel Monteiro de Castro*
Rank
83
Name
Manuel Monteiro de Castro*
Country
Portugal
Born
29 March 1938(age 87)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Major Penitentiary emeritus
Santos Abril y Castelló*
Santos Abril y Castelló*
Rank
84
Name
Santos Abril y Castelló*
Country
Spain
Born
21 September 1935(age 90)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major
Antonio Maria Vegliò*
Antonio Maria Vegliò*
Rank
85
Name
Antonio Maria Vegliò*
Country
Italy
Born
3 February 1938(age 87)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People
Giuseppe Bertello*
Giuseppe Bertello*
Rank
86
Name
Giuseppe Bertello*
Country
Italy
Born
1 October 1942(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
Francesco Coccopalmerio*
Francesco Coccopalmerio*
Rank
87
Name
Francesco Coccopalmerio*
Country
Italy
Born
6 March 1938(age 87)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts
João Braz de Aviz
João Braz de Aviz
Rank
88
Name
João Braz de Aviz
Country
Brazil
Born
24 April 1947(age 78)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
Edwin Frederick O'Brien*
Edwin Frederick O'Brien*
Rank
89
Name
Edwin Frederick O'Brien*
Country
United States
Born
8 April 1939(age 86)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Grand Master emeritus of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre
Domenico Calcagno*
Domenico Calcagno*
Rank
90
Name
Domenico Calcagno*
Country
Italy
Born
3 February 1943(age 82)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
President emeritus of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See
Giuseppe Versaldi*
Giuseppe Versaldi*
Rank
91
Name
Giuseppe Versaldi*
Country
Italy
Born
30 July 1943(age 82)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Catholic Education
George Alencherry*
George Alencherry*
Rank
92
Name
George Alencherry*
Country
India
Born
19 April 1945(age 80)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Major Archbishop emeritus of Ernakulam–Angamaly(Syro-Malabar Church)
Thomas Collins
Thomas Collins
Rank
93
Name
Thomas Collins
Country
Canada
Born
16 January 1947(age 78)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Toronto
Wim Eijk
Wim Eijk
Rank
94
Name
Wim Eijk
Country
Netherlands
Born
22 June 1953(age 72)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop of Utrecht
Giuseppe Betori
Giuseppe Betori
Rank
95
Name
Giuseppe Betori
Country
Italy
Born
25 February 1947(age 78)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Florence
Timothy M. Dolan
Timothy M. Dolan
Rank
96
Name
Timothy M. Dolan
Country
United States
Born
6 February 1950(age 75)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop of New York
Rainer Woelki
Rainer Woelki
Rank
97
Name
Rainer Woelki
Country
Germany
Born
18 August 1956(age 69)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop of Cologne
John Tong Hon*
John Tong Hon*
Rank
98
Name
John Tong Hon*
Country
China(Hong Kong)
Born
31 July 1939(age 86)
Order
CP
Consistory
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Bishop emeritus of Hong Kong
James Michael Harvey
James Michael Harvey
Rank
99
Name
James Michael Harvey
Country
United States
Born
20 October 1949(age 76)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
Baselios Cleemis
Baselios Cleemis
Rank
100
Name
Baselios Cleemis
Country
India
Born
15 June 1959(age 66)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Major Archbishop of Trivandrum(Syro-Malankara Church)
John Onaiyekan*
John Onaiyekan*
Rank
101
Name
John Onaiyekan*
Country
Nigeria
Born
29 January 1944(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Abuja
Rubén Salazar Gómez*
Rubén Salazar Gómez*
Rank
102
Name
Rubén Salazar Gómez*
Country
Colombia
Born
22 September 1942(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
24 November 2012Benedict XVI
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Bogotá
Lorenzo Baldisseri*
Lorenzo Baldisseri*
Rank
103
Name
Lorenzo Baldisseri*
Country
Italy
Born
29 September 1940(age 85)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Secretary-General emeritus of the Synod of Bishops
Gerhard Ludwig Müller
Gerhard Ludwig Müller
Rank
104
Name
Gerhard Ludwig Müller
Country
Germany
Born
31 December 1947(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
Vincent Nichols
Vincent Nichols
Rank
105
Name
Vincent Nichols
Country
United Kingdom
Born
8 November 1945(age 79)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop of Westminster
Leopoldo Brenes
Leopoldo Brenes
Rank
106
Name
Leopoldo Brenes
Country
Nicaragua
Born
7 March 1949(age 76)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop of Managua
Gérald Lacroix ISPX
Gérald Lacroix ISPX
Rank
107
Name
Gérald Lacroix ISPX
Country
Canada
Born
27 July 1957(age 68)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop of Quebec
Jean-Pierre Kutwa
Jean-Pierre Kutwa
Rank
108
Name
Jean-Pierre Kutwa
Country
Ivory Coast
Born
22 December 1945(age 79)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Abidjan
Orani João Tempesta OCist
Orani João Tempesta OCist
Rank
109
Name
Orani João Tempesta OCist
Country
Brazil
Born
23 June 1950(age 75)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro
Gualtiero Bassetti*
Gualtiero Bassetti*
Rank
110
Name
Gualtiero Bassetti*
Country
Italy
Born
7 April 1942(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Perugia–Città della Pieve
Mario Aurelio Poli
Mario Aurelio Poli
Rank
111
Name
Mario Aurelio Poli
Country
Argentina
Born
29 November 1947(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Buenos Aires
Andrew Yeom Soo-jung*
Andrew Yeom Soo-jung*
Rank
112
Name
Andrew Yeom Soo-jung*
Country
South Korea
Born
5 December 1943(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Seoul
Ricardo Ezzati SDB*
Ricardo Ezzati SDB*
Rank
113
Name
Ricardo Ezzati SDB*
Country
Chile
Born
7 January 1942(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile
Philippe Ouédraogo
Philippe Ouédraogo
Rank
114
Name
Philippe Ouédraogo
Country
Burkina Faso
Born
31 December 1945(age 79)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Ouagadougou
Orlando Quevedo OMI*
Orlando Quevedo OMI*
Rank
115
Name
Orlando Quevedo OMI*
Country
Philippines
Born
11 March 1939(age 86)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Cotabato
Chibly Langlois
Chibly Langlois
Rank
116
Name
Chibly Langlois
Country
Haiti
Born
29 November 1958(age 66)
Order
CP
Consistory
22 February 2014Francis
Office
Bishop of Les Cayes
Manuel Clemente
Manuel Clemente
Rank
117
Name
Manuel Clemente
Country
Portugal
Born
16 July 1948(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Patriarch emeritus of Lisbon
Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel CM
Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel CM
Rank
118
Name
Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel CM
Country
Ethiopia
Born
14 July 1948(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Archbishop of Addis Abeba(Ethiopian Church)
John Dew
John Dew
Rank
119
Name
John Dew
Country
New Zealand
Born
5 May 1948(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Wellington
Pierre Nguyễn Văn Nhơn*
Pierre Nguyễn Văn Nhơn*
Rank
120
Name
Pierre Nguyễn Văn Nhơn*
Country
Vietnam
Born
1 April 1938(age 87)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Hanoi
Alberto Suárez Inda*
Alberto Suárez Inda*
Rank
121
Name
Alberto Suárez Inda*
Country
Mexico
Born
30 January 1939(age 86)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Morelia
Charles Maung Bo SDB
Charles Maung Bo SDB
Rank
122
Name
Charles Maung Bo SDB
Country
Myanmar
Born
29 October 1948(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Archbishop of Yangon
Kriengsak Kovitvanit
Kriengsak Kovitvanit
Rank
123
Name
Kriengsak Kovitvanit
Country
Thailand
Born
27 June 1949(age 76)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Bangkok
Francesco Montenegro
Francesco Montenegro
Rank
124
Name
Francesco Montenegro
Country
Italy
Born
22 May 1946(age 79)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Agrigento
Daniel Sturla SDB
Daniel Sturla SDB
Rank
125
Name
Daniel Sturla SDB
Country
Uruguay
Born
4 July 1959(age 66)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Archbishop of Montevideo
Ricardo Blázquez*
Ricardo Blázquez*
Rank
126
Name
Ricardo Blázquez*
Country
Spain
Born
13 April 1942(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Valladolid
José Luis Lacunza Maestrojuán OAR*
José Luis Lacunza Maestrojuán OAR*
Rank
127
Name
José Luis Lacunza Maestrojuán OAR*
Country
Panama
Born
24 February 1944(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Bishop emeritus of David
Arlindo Gomes Furtado
Arlindo Gomes Furtado
Rank
128
Name
Arlindo Gomes Furtado
Country
Cape Verde
Born
15 November 1949(age 75)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Bishop of Santiago de Cabo Verde
Soane Patita Paini Mafi
Soane Patita Paini Mafi
Rank
129
Name
Soane Patita Paini Mafi
Country
Tonga
Born
19 December 1961(age 63)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Bishop of Tonga
Luis Héctor Villalba*
Luis Héctor Villalba*
Rank
130
Name
Luis Héctor Villalba*
Country
Argentina
Born
11 October 1934(age 91)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Tucumán
Júlio Duarte Langa*
Júlio Duarte Langa*
Rank
131
Name
Júlio Duarte Langa*
Country
Mozambique
Born
27 October 1927(age 98)
Order
CP
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Bishop emeritus of Xai-Xai
Dieudonné Nzapalainga CSSp
Dieudonné Nzapalainga CSSp
Rank
132
Name
Dieudonné Nzapalainga CSSp
Country
Central African Republic
Born
14 March 1967(age 58)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Archbishop of Bangui
Carlos Osoro Sierra*
Carlos Osoro Sierra*
Rank
133
Name
Carlos Osoro Sierra*
Country
Spain
Born
16 May 1945(age 80)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Madrid
Sérgio da Rocha
Sérgio da Rocha
Rank
134
Name
Sérgio da Rocha
Country
Brazil
Born
21 October 1959(age 66)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia
Blase J. Cupich
Blase J. Cupich
Rank
135
Name
Blase J. Cupich
Country
United States
Born
19 March 1949(age 76)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Archbishop of Chicago
Patrick D'Rozario CSC*
Patrick D'Rozario CSC*
Rank
136
Name
Patrick D'Rozario CSC*
Country
Bangladesh
Born
1 October 1943(age 82)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Dhaka
Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo*
Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo*
Rank
137
Name
Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo*
Country
Venezuela
Born
10 October 1944(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Caracas
Jozef De Kesel
Jozef De Kesel
Rank
138
Name
Jozef De Kesel
Country
Belgium
Born
17 June 1947(age 78)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Mechelen–Brussels
Maurice Piat CSSp*
Maurice Piat CSSp*
Rank
139
Name
Maurice Piat CSSp*
Country
Mauritius
Born
19 July 1941(age 84)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Bishop emeritus of Port-Louis
Carlos Aguiar Retes
Carlos Aguiar Retes
Rank
140
Name
Carlos Aguiar Retes
Country
Mexico
Born
9 January 1950(age 75)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Archbishop of Mexico
John Ribat MSC
John Ribat MSC
Rank
141
Name
John Ribat MSC
Country
Papua New Guinea
Born
9 February 1957(age 68)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Archbishop of Port Moresby
Joseph W. Tobin CSsR
Joseph W. Tobin CSsR
Rank
142
Name
Joseph W. Tobin CSsR
Country
United States
Born
3 May 1952(age 73)
Order
CP
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Archbishop of Newark
Jean Zerbo*
Jean Zerbo*
Rank
143
Name
Jean Zerbo*
Country
Mali
Born
27 December 1943(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2017Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Bamako
Juan José Omella
Juan José Omella
Rank
144
Name
Juan José Omella
Country
Spain
Born
21 April 1946(age 79)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2017Francis
Office
Archbishop of Barcelona
Anders Arborelius OCD
Anders Arborelius OCD
Rank
145
Name
Anders Arborelius OCD
Country
Sweden
Born
24 September 1949(age 76)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2017Francis
Office
Bishop of Stockholm
Louis-Marie Ling Mangkhanekhoun IVD*
Louis-Marie Ling Mangkhanekhoun IVD*
Rank
146
Name
Louis-Marie Ling Mangkhanekhoun IVD*
Country
Laos
Born
8 April 1944(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2017Francis
Office
Apostolic Vicar emeritus of Vientiane
Gregorio Rosa Chávez*
Gregorio Rosa Chávez*
Rank
147
Name
Gregorio Rosa Chávez*
Country
El Salvador
Born
3 September 1942(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2017Francis
Office
Auxiliary Bishop emeritus of San Salvador
Angelo De Donatis
Angelo De Donatis
Rank
148
Name
Angelo De Donatis
Country
Italy
Born
4 January 1954(age 71)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Major Penitentiary
Joseph Coutts*
Joseph Coutts*
Rank
149
Name
Joseph Coutts*
Country
Pakistan
Born
21 July 1945(age 80)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Karachi
António Marto
António Marto
Rank
150
Name
António Marto
Country
Portugal
Born
5 May 1947(age 78)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Bishop emeritus of Leiria–Fátima
Pedro Barreto SJ*
Pedro Barreto SJ*
Rank
151
Name
Pedro Barreto SJ*
Country
Peru
Born
12 February 1944(age 81)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Huancayo
Désiré Tsarahazana
Désiré Tsarahazana
Rank
152
Name
Désiré Tsarahazana
Country
Madagascar
Born
13 June 1954(age 71)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Archbishop of Toamasina
Giuseppe Petrocchi
Giuseppe Petrocchi
Rank
153
Name
Giuseppe Petrocchi
Country
Italy
Born
19 August 1948(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of L'Aquila
Thomas Aquino Manyo Maeda
Thomas Aquino Manyo Maeda
Rank
154
Name
Thomas Aquino Manyo Maeda
Country
Japan
Born
3 March 1949(age 76)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Archbishop of Osaka–Takamatsu
Toribio Ticona Porco*
Toribio Ticona Porco*
Rank
155
Name
Toribio Ticona Porco*
Country
Bolivia
Born
25 April 1937(age 88)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Bishop Prelate emeritus of Corocoro
Ignatius Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo
Ignatius Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo
Rank
156
Name
Ignatius Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo
Country
Indonesia
Born
9 July 1950(age 75)
Order
CP
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Archbishop of Jakarta
Juan García Rodríguez
Juan García Rodríguez
Rank
157
Name
Juan García Rodríguez
Country
Cuba
Born
11 July 1948(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Archbishop of San Cristóbal de la Habana
Fridolin Ambongo Besungu OFMCap
Fridolin Ambongo Besungu OFMCap
Rank
158
Name
Fridolin Ambongo Besungu OFMCap
Country
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Born
24 January 1960(age 65)
Order
CP
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Archbishop of Kinshasa
Jean-Claude Hollerich SJ
Jean-Claude Hollerich SJ
Rank
159
Name
Jean-Claude Hollerich SJ
Country
Luxembourg
Born
9 August 1958(age 67)
Order
CP
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Archbishop of Luxembourg
Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri
Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri
Rank
160
Name
Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri
Country
Guatemala
Born
16 July 1947(age 78)
Order
CP
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Bishop of Huehuetenango
Matteo Zuppi
Matteo Zuppi
Rank
161
Name
Matteo Zuppi
Country
Italy
Born
11 October 1955(age 70)
Order
CP
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Archbishop of Bologna
Cristóbal López Romero SDB
Cristóbal López Romero SDB
Rank
162
Name
Cristóbal López Romero SDB
Country
Morocco
Born
19 May 1952(age 73)
Order
CP
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Archbishop of Rabat
Sigitas Tamkevičius SJ*
Sigitas Tamkevičius SJ*
Rank
163
Name
Sigitas Tamkevičius SJ*
Country
Lithuania
Born
7 November 1938(age 86)
Order
CP
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Kaunas
Antoine Kambanda
Antoine Kambanda
Rank
164
Name
Antoine Kambanda
Country
Rwanda
Born
10 November 1958(age 66)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Archbishop of Kigali
Wilton Daniel Gregory
Wilton Daniel Gregory
Rank
165
Name
Wilton Daniel Gregory
Country
United States
Born
7 December 1947(age 77)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Washington
Jose Advincula OP
Jose Advincula OP
Rank
166
Name
Jose Advincula OP
Country
Philippines
Born
30 March 1952(age 73)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Archbishop of Manila
Celestino Aós Braco OFMCap*
Celestino Aós Braco OFMCap*
Rank
167
Name
Celestino Aós Braco OFMCap*
Country
Chile
Born
6 April 1945(age 80)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile
Augusto Paolo Lojudice
Augusto Paolo Lojudice
Rank
168
Name
Augusto Paolo Lojudice
Country
Italy
Born
1 July 1964(age 61)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Archbishop of Siena–Colle di Val d'Elsa–Montalcino and Bishop of Montepulciano–Chiusi–Pienza
Felipe Arizmendi Esquivel*
Felipe Arizmendi Esquivel*
Rank
169
Name
Felipe Arizmendi Esquivel*
Country
Mexico
Born
1 May 1940(age 85)
Order
CP
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Bishop emeritus of San Cristóbal de Las Casas
Jean-Marc Aveline
Jean-Marc Aveline
Rank
170
Name
Jean-Marc Aveline
Country
France
Born
26 December 1958(age 66)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop of Marseille
Peter Okpaleke
Peter Okpaleke
Rank
171
Name
Peter Okpaleke
Country
Nigeria
Born
1 March 1963(age 62)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Bishop of Ekwulobia
Leonardo Ulrich Steiner OFM
Leonardo Ulrich Steiner OFM
Rank
172
Name
Leonardo Ulrich Steiner OFM
Country
Brazil
Born
6 November 1950(age 74)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop of Manaus
Filipe Neri Ferrão
Filipe Neri Ferrão
Rank
173
Name
Filipe Neri Ferrão
Country
India
Born
20 January 1953(age 72)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop of Goa and Daman and Patriarch of the East Indies
Robert W. McElroy
Robert W. McElroy
Rank
174
Name
Robert W. McElroy
Country
United States
Born
5 February 1954(age 71)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop of Washington
Virgílio do Carmo da Silva SDB
Virgílio do Carmo da Silva SDB
Rank
175
Name
Virgílio do Carmo da Silva SDB
Country
East Timor
Born
27 November 1967(age 57)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop of Díli
Oscar Cantoni
Oscar Cantoni
Rank
176
Name
Oscar Cantoni
Country
Italy
Born
1 September 1950(age 75)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Bishop of Como
Anthony Poola
Anthony Poola
Rank
177
Name
Anthony Poola
Country
India
Born
15 November 1961(age 63)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop of Hyderabad
Paulo Cezar Costa
Paulo Cezar Costa
Rank
178
Name
Paulo Cezar Costa
Country
Brazil
Born
20 July 1967(age 58)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop of Brasília
William Goh
William Goh
Rank
179
Name
William Goh
Country
Singapore
Born
25 June 1957(age 68)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop of Singapore
Adalberto Martínez Flores
Adalberto Martínez Flores
Rank
180
Name
Adalberto Martínez Flores
Country
Paraguay
Born
8 July 1951(age 74)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop of Asunción
Giorgio Marengo IMC
Giorgio Marengo IMC
Rank
181
Name
Giorgio Marengo IMC
Country
Mongolia
Born
7 June 1974(age 51)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Apostolic Prefect of Ulaanbaatar
Jorge Enrique Jiménez Carvajal CJM*
Jorge Enrique Jiménez Carvajal CJM*
Rank
182
Name
Jorge Enrique Jiménez Carvajal CJM*
Country
Colombia
Born
29 March 1942(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Cartagena
Arrigo Miglio*
Arrigo Miglio*
Rank
183
Name
Arrigo Miglio*
Country
Italy
Born
18 July 1942(age 83)
Order
CP
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Cagliari
Pierbattista Pizzaballa OFM
Pierbattista Pizzaballa OFM
Rank
184
Name
Pierbattista Pizzaballa OFM
Country
Jerusalem
Born
21 April 1965(age 60)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem
Stephen Brislin
Stephen Brislin
Rank
185
Name
Stephen Brislin
Country
South Africa
Born
24 September 1956(age 69)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Archbishop of Johannesburg
Ángel Sixto Rossi SJ
Ángel Sixto Rossi SJ
Rank
186
Name
Ángel Sixto Rossi SJ
Country
Argentina
Born
11 August 1958(age 67)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Archbishop of Córdoba
Luis José Rueda Aparicio
Luis José Rueda Aparicio
Rank
187
Name
Luis José Rueda Aparicio
Country
Colombia
Born
3 March 1962(age 63)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Archbishop of Bogotá
Grzegorz Ryś
Grzegorz Ryś
Rank
188
Name
Grzegorz Ryś
Country
Poland
Born
9 February 1964(age 61)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Archbishop of Łódź
Stephen Ameyu Martin Mulla
Stephen Ameyu Martin Mulla
Rank
189
Name
Stephen Ameyu Martin Mulla
Country
South Sudan
Born
10 January 1964(age 61)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Archbishop of Juba
José Cobo Cano
José Cobo Cano
Rank
190
Name
José Cobo Cano
Country
Spain
Born
20 September 1965(age 60)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Archbishop of Madrid
Protase Rugambwa
Protase Rugambwa
Rank
191
Name
Protase Rugambwa
Country
Tanzania
Born
31 May 1960(age 65)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Archbishop of Tabora
Sebastian Francis
Sebastian Francis
Rank
192
Name
Sebastian Francis
Country
Malaysia
Born
11 November 1951(age 73)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Bishop of Penang
Stephen Chow Sau-yan SJ
Stephen Chow Sau-yan SJ
Rank
193
Name
Stephen Chow Sau-yan SJ
Country
China(Hong Kong)
Born
7 August 1959(age 66)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Bishop of Hong Kong
François-Xavier Bustillo OFMConv
François-Xavier Bustillo OFMConv
Rank
194
Name
François-Xavier Bustillo OFMConv
Country
France
Born
23 November 1968(age 56)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Bishop of Ajaccio
Américo Aguiar
Américo Aguiar
Rank
195
Name
Américo Aguiar
Country
Portugal
Born
12 December 1973(age 51)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Bishop of Setúbal
Diego Rafael Padrón Sánchez*
Diego Rafael Padrón Sánchez*
Rank
196
Name
Diego Rafael Padrón Sánchez*
Country
Venezuela
Born
17 May 1939(age 86)
Order
CP
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Archbishop emeritus of Cumaná
Carlos Castillo Mattasoglio
Carlos Castillo Mattasoglio
Rank
197
Name
Carlos Castillo Mattasoglio
Country
Peru
Born
28 February 1950(age 75)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Lima
Vicente Bokalic Iglic CM
Vicente Bokalic Iglic CM
Rank
198
Name
Vicente Bokalic Iglic CM
Country
Argentina
Born
11 June 1952(age 73)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Santiago del Estero
Luis Cabrera Herrera OFM
Luis Cabrera Herrera OFM
Rank
199
Name
Luis Cabrera Herrera OFM
Country
Ecuador
Born
11 October 1955(age 70)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Guayaquil
Fernando Chomalí Garib
Fernando Chomalí Garib
Rank
200
Name
Fernando Chomalí Garib
Country
Chile
Born
10 March 1957(age 68)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Santiago de Chile
Tarcisio Isao Kikuchi SVD
Tarcisio Isao Kikuchi SVD
Rank
201
Name
Tarcisio Isao Kikuchi SVD
Country
Japan
Born
1 November 1958(age 67)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Tokyo
Pablo Virgilio David
Pablo Virgilio David
Rank
202
Name
Pablo Virgilio David
Country
Philippines
Born
2 March 1959(age 66)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Bishop of Kalookan
Ladislav Nemet SVD
Ladislav Nemet SVD
Rank
203
Name
Ladislav Nemet SVD
Country
Serbia
Born
7 September 1956(age 69)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Belgrade
Jaime Spengler OFM
Jaime Spengler OFM
Rank
204
Name
Jaime Spengler OFM
Country
Brazil
Born
6 September 1960(age 65)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Porto Alegre
Ignace Bessi Dogbo
Ignace Bessi Dogbo
Rank
205
Name
Ignace Bessi Dogbo
Country
Ivory Coast
Born
17 August 1961(age 64)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Abidjan
Jean-Paul Vesco OP
Jean-Paul Vesco OP
Rank
206
Name
Jean-Paul Vesco OP
Country
Algeria
Born
10 March 1962(age 63)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Algiers
Dominique Mathieu OFMConv
Dominique Mathieu OFMConv
Rank
207
Name
Dominique Mathieu OFMConv
Country
Iran
Born
13 June 1963(age 62)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Tehran–Isfahan
Roberto Repole
Roberto Repole
Rank
208
Name
Roberto Repole
Country
Italy
Born
29 January 1967(age 58)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Turin and Bishop of Susa
Baldassare Reina
Baldassare Reina
Rank
209
Name
Baldassare Reina
Country
Italy
Born
26 November 1970(age 54)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Vicar General for Rome and Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran
Frank Leo
Frank Leo
Rank
210
Name
Frank Leo
Country
Canada
Born
30 June 1971(age 54)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Toronto
Mykola Bychok CSsR
Mykola Bychok CSsR
Rank
211
Name
Mykola Bychok CSsR
Country
Australia
Born
13 February 1980(age 45)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Eparch of Saints Peter and Paul of Melbourne(Ukrainian Greek Church)
Domenico Battaglia
Domenico Battaglia
Rank
212
Name
Domenico Battaglia
Country
Italy
Born
20 January 1963(age 62)
Order
CP
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archbishop of Naples
Dominique Mamberti
Dominique Mamberti
Rank
213
Name
Dominique Mamberti
Country
France
Born
7 March 1952(age 73)
Order
CD
Consistory
14 February 2015Francis
Office
Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura
Mario Zenari
Mario Zenari
Rank
214
Name
Mario Zenari
Country
Italy
Born
5 January 1946(age 79)
Order
CD
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Apostolic Nuncio to Syria
Kevin Farrell
Kevin Farrell
Rank
215
Name
Kevin Farrell
Country
United States
Born
2 September 1947(age 78)
Order
CD
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Prefect of the Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life and Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church
Ernest Simoni*
Ernest Simoni*
Rank
216
Name
Ernest Simoni*
Country
Albania
Born
18 October 1928(age 97)
Order
CD
Consistory
19 November 2016Francis
Office
Priest of the Archdiocese of Shkodër–Pult
Luis Ladaria Ferrer SJ*
Luis Ladaria Ferrer SJ*
Rank
217
Name
Luis Ladaria Ferrer SJ*
Country
Spain
Born
19 April 1944(age 81)
Order
CD
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith
Giovanni Angelo Becciu*
Giovanni Angelo Becciu*
Rank
218
Name
Giovanni Angelo Becciu*
Country
Italy
Born
2 June 1948(age 77)
Order
CD
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints
Konrad Krajewski
Konrad Krajewski
Rank
219
Name
Konrad Krajewski
Country
Poland
Born
25 November 1963(age 61)
Order
CD
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Almoner of His Holiness
Aquilino Bocos Merino CMF*
Aquilino Bocos Merino CMF*
Rank
220
Name
Aquilino Bocos Merino CMF*
Country
Spain
Born
17 May 1938(age 87)
Order
CD
Consistory
28 June 2018Francis
Office
Superior General emeritus of the Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
José Tolentino de Mendonça
José Tolentino de Mendonça
Rank
221
Name
José Tolentino de Mendonça
Country
Portugal
Born
15 December 1965(age 59)
Order
CD
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Prefect of the Dicastery for Culture and Education
Michael Czerny SJ
Michael Czerny SJ
Rank
222
Name
Michael Czerny SJ
Country
Canada
Born
18 July 1946(age 79)
Order
CD
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Prefect of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development
Michael Fitzgerald MAfr*
Michael Fitzgerald MAfr*
Rank
223
Name
Michael Fitzgerald MAfr*
Country
United Kingdom
Born
17 August 1937(age 88)
Order
CD
Consistory
5 October 2019Francis
Office
Apostolic Nuncio emeritus to Egypt
Mario Grech
Mario Grech
Rank
224
Name
Mario Grech
Country
Malta
Born
20 February 1957(age 68)
Order
CD
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Secretary-General of the Synod of Bishops
Marcello Semeraro
Marcello Semeraro
Rank
225
Name
Marcello Semeraro
Country
Italy
Born
22 December 1947(age 77)
Order
CD
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Prefect of the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints
Mauro Gambetti OFMConv
Mauro Gambetti OFMConv
Rank
226
Name
Mauro Gambetti OFMConv
Country
Italy
Born
27 October 1965(age 60)
Order
CD
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Vicar General for Vatican City, Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter and President of the Fabric of Saint Peter
Silvano Maria Tomasi CS*
Silvano Maria Tomasi CS*
Rank
227
Name
Silvano Maria Tomasi CS*
Country
Italy
Born
12 October 1940(age 85)
Order
CD
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Special Delegate to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Raniero Cantalamessa OFMCap*
Raniero Cantalamessa OFMCap*
Rank
228
Name
Raniero Cantalamessa OFMCap*
Country
Italy
Born
22 July 1934(age 91)
Order
CD
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Preacher emeritus of the Papal Household
Enrico Feroci*
Enrico Feroci*
Rank
229
Name
Enrico Feroci*
Country
Italy
Born
27 August 1940(age 85)
Order
CD
Consistory
28 November 2020Francis
Office
Pastor of the Shrine of Our Lady of Divine Love in Castel di Leva, Rome
Arthur Roche
Arthur Roche
Rank
230
Name
Arthur Roche
Country
United Kingdom
Born
6 March 1950(age 75)
Order
CD
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Prefect of the Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
Lazarus You Heung-sik
Lazarus You Heung-sik
Rank
231
Name
Lazarus You Heung-sik
Country
South Korea
Born
17 November 1951(age 73)
Order
CD
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Prefect of the Dicastery for the Clergy
Fernando Vérgez Alzaga LC*
Fernando Vérgez Alzaga LC*
Rank
232
Name
Fernando Vérgez Alzaga LC*
Country
Spain
Born
1 March 1945(age 80)
Order
CD
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
President emeritus of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
Gianfranco Ghirlanda SJ*
Gianfranco Ghirlanda SJ*
Rank
233
Name
Gianfranco Ghirlanda SJ*
Country
Italy
Born
5 July 1942(age 83)
Order
CD
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Fortunato Frezza*
Fortunato Frezza*
Rank
234
Name
Fortunato Frezza*
Country
Italy
Born
6 February 1942(age 83)
Order
CD
Consistory
27 August 2022Francis
Office
Canon of the Chapter of the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter
Claudio Gugerotti
Claudio Gugerotti
Rank
235
Name
Claudio Gugerotti
Country
Italy
Born
7 October 1955(age 70)
Order
CD
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Prefect of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches
Víctor Manuel Fernández
Víctor Manuel Fernández
Rank
236
Name
Víctor Manuel Fernández
Country
Argentina
Born
18 July 1962(age 63)
Order
CD
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Prefect of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith
Emil Paul Tscherrig
Emil Paul Tscherrig
Rank
237
Name
Emil Paul Tscherrig
Country
Switzerland
Born
3 February 1947(age 78)
Order
CD
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Apostolic Nuncio emeritus to Italy and San Marino
Christophe Pierre
Christophe Pierre
Rank
238
Name
Christophe Pierre
Country
France
Born
30 January 1946(age 79)
Order
CD
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Apostolic Nuncio to the United States
Ángel Fernández Artime SDB
Ángel Fernández Artime SDB
Rank
239
Name
Ángel Fernández Artime SDB
Country
Spain
Born
21 August 1960(age 65)
Order
CD
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Pro-Prefect of the Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
Agostino Marchetto*
Agostino Marchetto*
Rank
240
Name
Agostino Marchetto*
Country
Italy
Born
28 August 1940(age 85)
Order
CD
Consistory
30 September 2023Francis
Office
Secretary emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People
Angelo Acerbi*
Angelo Acerbi*
Rank
241
Name
Angelo Acerbi*
Country
Italy
Born
23 September 1925(age 100)
Order
CD
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Apostolic Nuncio emeritus
Rolandas Makrickas
Rolandas Makrickas
Rank
242
Name
Rolandas Makrickas
Country
Lithuania
Born
31 January 1972(age 53)
Order
CD
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Archpriest of the Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major
Timothy Radcliffe OP*
Timothy Radcliffe OP*
Rank
243
Name
Timothy Radcliffe OP*
Country
United Kingdom
Born
22 August 1945(age 80)
Order
CD
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Master emeritus of the Order of Preachers
Fabio Baggio CS
Fabio Baggio CS
Rank
244
Name
Fabio Baggio CS
Country
Italy
Born
15 January 1965(age 60)
Order
CD
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Undersecretary of the Migrants and Refugees Section of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development
George Koovakad
George Koovakad
Rank
245
Name
George Koovakad
Country
India
Born
11 August 1973(age 52)
Order
CD
Consistory
7 December 2024Francis
Office
Prefect of the Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue(Syro-Malabar Church)
Rank
Name
Country
Born
Order
Consistory
Office
Ref.
1
Giovanni Battista Re*
Italy
30 January 1934(age 91)
CB
21 February 2001John Paul II
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Bishops (Dean)
2
Leonardo Sandri*
Argentina
18 November 1943(age 81)
CB
24 November 2007Benedict XVI
Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches (Vice Dean)
3
Francis Arinze*
Nigeria
1 November 1932(age 93)
CB
25 May 1985John Paul II
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
4
Tarcisio Bertone SDB*
Italy
2 December 1934(age 90)
CB
21 October 2003John Paul II
Secretary of State emeritus of His Holiness and Camerlengo emeritus of the Holy Roman Church
5
José Saraiva Martins CMF*
Portugal
6 January 1932(age 93)
CB
21 February 2001John Paul II
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints
6
Pietro Parolin
Italy
17 January 1955(age 70)
CB
22 February 2014Francis
Secretary of State of His Holiness
7
Marc Ouellet PSS*
Canada
8 June 1944(age 81)
CB
21 October 2003John Paul II
Prefect emeritus of the Dicastery for Bishops
8
Fernando Filoni
Italy
15 April 1946(age 79)
CB
18 February 2012Benedict XVI
Grand Master of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre
9
Beniamino Stella*
Italy
18 August 1941(age 84)
CB
22 February 2014Francis
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for the Clergy
10
Luis Antonio Tagle
Philippines
21 June 1957(age 68)
CB
24 November 2012Benedict XVI
Pro-Prefect of the Dicastery for Evangelization
11
Bechara Boutros al-Rahi OMM*
Lebanon
25 February 1940(age 85)
CB
24 November 2012Benedict XVI
Patriarch of Antioch(Maronite Church)
12
Louis Raphaël I Sako
Iraq
4 July 1948(age 77)
CB
28 June 2018Francis
Patriarch of Baghdad(Chaldean Church)
13
Michael Michai Kitbunchu*
Thailand
25 January 1929(age 96)
CP
2 February 1983John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Bangkok
14
Paul Poupard*
France
30 August 1930(age 95)
CP
25 May 1985John Paul II
President emeritus of the Pontifical Councils for Culture and for Interreligious Dialogue
15
Friedrich Wetter*
Germany
20 February 1928(age 97)
CP
25 May 1985John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Munich and Freising
16
Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez*
Dominican Republic
31 October 1936(age 89)
CP
28 June 1991John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Santo Domingo
17
Roger Mahony*
United States
27 February 1936(age 89)
CP
28 June 1991John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Los Angeles
18
Camillo Ruini*
Italy
19 February 1931(age 94)
CP
28 June 1991John Paul II
Vicar General emeritus for Rome and Archpriest emeritus of the Papal Basilica of Saint John Lateran
19
Julius Darmaatmadja SJ*
Indonesia
20 December 1934(age 90)
CP
26 November 1994John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Jakarta
20
Emmanuel Wamala*
Uganda
15 December 1926(age 98)
CP
26 November 1994John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Kampala
21
Adam Maida*
United States
18 March 1930(age 95)
CP
26 November 1994John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Detroit
22
Vinko Puljić*
Bosnia and Herzegovina
8 September 1945(age 80)
CP
26 November 1994John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Vrhbosna
23
Juan Sandoval Íñiguez*
Mexico
28 March 1933(age 92)
CP
26 November 1994John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Guadalajara
24
James Stafford*
United States
26 July 1932(age 93)
CP
21 February 1998John Paul II
Major Penitentiary emeritus
25
Salvatore De Giorgi*
Italy
6 September 1930(age 95)
CP
21 February 1998John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Palermo
26
Antonio María Rouco Varela*
Spain
20 August 1936(age 89)
CP
21 February 1998John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Madrid
27
Polycarp Pengo*
Tanzania
5 August 1944(age 81)
CP
21 February 1998John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Dar-es-Salaam
28
Christoph Schönborn OP*
Austria
22 January 1945(age 80)
CP
21 February 1998John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Vienna
29
Norberto Rivera Carrera*
Mexico
6 June 1942(age 83)
CP
21 February 1998John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Mexico
30
Jānis Pujats*
Latvia
14 November 1930(age 94)
CP
21 February 1998John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Riga
31
Crescenzio Sepe*
Italy
2 June 1943(age 82)
CP
21 February 2001John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Naples
32
Walter Kasper*
Germany
5 March 1933(age 92)
CP
21 February 2001John Paul II
President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
33
Audrys Bačkis*
Lithuania
1 February 1937(age 88)
CP
21 February 2001John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Vilnius
34
Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa ISch*
Chile
5 September 1933(age 92)
CP
21 February 2001John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Santiago de Chile
35
Wilfrid Napier OFM*
South Africa
8 March 1941(age 84)
CP
21 February 2001John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Durban
36
Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga SDB*
Honduras
29 December 1942(age 82)
CP
21 February 2001John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Tegucigalpa and Coordinator emeritus of the Council of Cardinals
37
Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne*
Peru
28 December 1943(age 81)
CP
21 February 2001John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Lima
38
Julián Herranz Casado*
Spain
31 March 1930(age 95)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts
39
Angelo Scola*
Italy
7 November 1941(age 83)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Milan
40
Anthony Olubunmi Okogie*
Nigeria
16 June 1936(age 89)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Lagos
41
Gabriel Zubeir Wako*
Sudan
27 February 1941(age 84)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Khartoum
42
Justin Rigali*
United States
19 April 1935(age 90)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Philadelphia
43
Ennio Antonelli*
Italy
18 November 1936(age 88)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
President emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Family
44
Peter Turkson
Ghana
11 October 1948(age 77)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
Chancellor of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences and the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences
45
Josip Bozanić
Croatia
20 March 1949(age 76)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Zagreb
46
Jean-Baptiste Phạm Minh Mẫn*
Vietnam
5 March 1934(age 91)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Ho Chi Minh City
47
Philippe Barbarin
France
17 October 1950(age 75)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
Archbishop emeritus of Lyon
48
Péter Erdő
Hungary
25 June 1952(age 73)
CP
21 October 2003John Paul II
Archbishop of Esztergom–Budapest
49
Franc Rodé CM*
Slovenia
23 September 1934(age 91)
CP
24 March 2006Benedict XVI
Prefect emeritus of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
· Demographics of the College of Cardinals › Cardinals by appointing pope
No.
No.
Pope
No.
Pope
Name
All cardinals
CB
All cardinals
CP
All cardinals
CD
All cardinals
Total
Cardinal electors
CB
Cardinal electors
CP
Cardinal electors
CD
Cardinal electors
Total
264
264
Pope
264
Pope
John Paul II(1978–2005)
All cardinals
5
All cardinals
36
All cardinals
0
All cardinals
41
Cardinal electors
0
Cardinal electors
4
Cardinal electors
0
Cardinal electors
4
265
265
Pope
265
Pope
Benedict XVI(2005–2013)
All cardinals
4
All cardinals
54
All cardinals
0
All cardinals
58
Cardinal electors
2
Cardinal electors
17
Cardinal electors
0
Cardinal electors
19
266
266
Pope
266
Pope
Francis(2013–2025)
All cardinals
3
All cardinals
110
All cardinals
33
All cardinals
146
Cardinal electors
2
Cardinal electors
83
Cardinal electors
19
Cardinal electors
104
Total
Total
Pope
Total
Pope
12
All cardinals
200
All cardinals
33
All cardinals
245
All cardinals
4
Cardinal electors
104
Cardinal electors
19
Cardinal electors
127
Pope
All cardinals
Cardinal electors
No.
Name
CB
CP
CD
Total
CB
CP
CD
Total
264
John Paul II(1978–2005)
5
36
0
41
0
4
0
4
265
Benedict XVI(2005–2013)
4
54
0
58
2
17
0
19
266
Francis(2013–2025)
3
110
33
146
2
83
19
104
Total
12
200
33
245
4
104
19
127
· Demographics of the College of Cardinals › Cardinals by particular church <i>sui iuris</i>
Latin Church (Western)
Latin Church (Western)
Particular church sui iuris
Latin Church (Western)
Particular church sui iuris
238
All cardinals
122
Eastern Churches
Eastern Churches
Particular church sui iuris
Eastern Churches
Particular church sui iuris
Chaldean Church
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Ethiopian Church
Ethiopian Church
Particular church sui iuris
Ethiopian Church
Particular church sui iuris
1
All cardinals
1
Maronite Church
Maronite Church
Particular church sui iuris
Maronite Church
Particular church sui iuris
1
All cardinals
0
Syro-Malabar Church
Syro-Malabar Church
Particular church sui iuris
Syro-Malabar Church
Particular church sui iuris
2
All cardinals
1
Syro-Malankara Church
Syro-Malankara Church
Particular church sui iuris
Syro-Malankara Church
Particular church sui iuris
1
All cardinals
1
Ukrainian Greek Church
Ukrainian Greek Church
Particular church sui iuris
Ukrainian Greek Church
Particular church sui iuris
1
All cardinals
1
Subtotal
Subtotal
Particular church sui iuris
Subtotal
Particular church sui iuris
7
All cardinals
5
Total
Total
Particular church sui iuris
Total
Particular church sui iuris
245
All cardinals
127
Particular church sui iuris
All cardinals
Cardinal electors
Latin Church (Western)
238
122
Eastern Churches
Chaldean Church
1
1
Ethiopian Church
1
1
Maronite Church
1
0
Syro-Malabar Church
2
1
Syro-Malankara Church
1
1
Ukrainian Greek Church
1
1
Subtotal
7
5
Total
245
127
· Demographics of the College of Cardinals › Cardinals by institute of consecrated life or society of apostolic life
CJM
CJM
Post-nominal
CJM
Institute or society
Congregation of Jesus and Mary (Eudists)
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
CM
CM
Post-nominal
CM
Institute or society
Congregation of the Mission (Vincentians, Lazarists)
All cardinals
3
Cardinal electors
2
CMF
CMF
Post-nominal
CMF
Institute or society
Congregation of Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Claretians)
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
0
CS
CS
Post-nominal
CS
Institute or society
Congregation of the Missionaries of Saint Charles Borromeo (Scalabrinians)
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
1
CSC
CSC
Post-nominal
CSC
Institute or society
Congregation of Holy Cross (Holy Cross Fathers)
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
CSSp
CSSp
Post-nominal
CSSp
Institute or society
Congregation of the Holy Spirit (Holy Ghost Fathers, Spiritans)
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
1
CSsR
CSsR
Post-nominal
CSsR
Institute or society
Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists)
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
2
IMC
IMC
Post-nominal
IMC
Institute or society
Institute of Consolata Missionaries
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
ISch
ISch
Post-nominal
ISch
Institute or society
Institute of Schönstatt Fathers
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
ISPX
ISPX
Post-nominal
ISPX
Institute or society
Pius X Secular Institute
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
IVD
IVD
Post-nominal
IVD
Institute or society
Voluntas Dei Institute
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
LC
LC
Post-nominal
LC
Institute or society
Congregation of the Legionaries of Christ
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
MAfr
MAfr
Post-nominal
MAfr
Institute or society
Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers)
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
MSC
MSC
Post-nominal
MSC
Institute or society
Missionaries of the Sacred Heart
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
OAR
OAR
Post-nominal
OAR
Institute or society
Order of Augustinian Recollects
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
OCD
OCD
Post-nominal
OCD
Institute or society
Order of Discalced Carmelites
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
OCist
OCist
Post-nominal
OCist
Institute or society
Order of Cistercians
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
OFM
OFM
Post-nominal
OFM
Institute or society
Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans)
All cardinals
5
Cardinal electors
4
OFMCap
OFMCap
Post-nominal
OFMCap
Institute or society
Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (Capuchins)
All cardinals
4
Cardinal electors
1
OFMConv
OFMConv
Post-nominal
OFMConv
Institute or society
Order of Friars Minor Conventual (Conventual Franciscans)
All cardinals
3
Cardinal electors
3
OMI
OMI
Post-nominal
OMI
Institute or society
Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (Oblates)
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
OMM
OMM
Post-nominal
OMM
Institute or society
Mariamite Maronite Order (Aleppians)
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
OP
OP
Post-nominal
OP
Institute or society
Order of Preachers (Dominicans)
All cardinals
4
Cardinal electors
2
PSS
PSS
Post-nominal
PSS
Institute or society
Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice (Sulpicians)
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
SDB
SDB
Post-nominal
SDB
Institute or society
Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Salesians)
All cardinals
10
Cardinal electors
5
SJ
SJ
Post-nominal
SJ
Institute or society
Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
All cardinals
9
Cardinal electors
4
SVD
SVD
Post-nominal
SVD
Institute or society
Society of the Divine Word (Verbites)
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
2
None
None
Post-nominal
None
Institute or society
Secular clergy
All cardinals
182
Cardinal electors
95
Total
Total
Post-nominal
Total
Institute or society
245
All cardinals
127
Post-nominal
Institute or society
All cardinals
Cardinal electors
CJM
Congregation of Jesus and Mary (Eudists)
1
0
CM
Congregation of the Mission (Vincentians, Lazarists)
3
2
CMF
Congregation of Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Claretians)
2
0
CS
Congregation of the Missionaries of Saint Charles Borromeo (Scalabrinians)
2
1
CSC
Congregation of Holy Cross (Holy Cross Fathers)
1
0
CSSp
Congregation of the Holy Spirit (Holy Ghost Fathers, Spiritans)
2
1
CSsR
Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists)
2
2
IMC
Institute of Consolata Missionaries
1
1
ISch
Institute of Schönstatt Fathers
1
0
ISPX
Pius X Secular Institute
1
1
IVD
Voluntas Dei Institute
1
0
LC
Congregation of the Legionaries of Christ
1
0
MAfr
Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers)
1
0
MSC
Missionaries of the Sacred Heart
1
1
OAR
Order of Augustinian Recollects
1
0
OCD
Order of Discalced Carmelites
1
1
OCist
Order of Cistercians
1
1
OFM
Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans)
5
4
OFMCap
Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (Capuchins)
4
1
OFMConv
Order of Friars Minor Conventual (Conventual Franciscans)
3
3
OMI
Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (Oblates)
1
0
OMM
Mariamite Maronite Order (Aleppians)
1
0
OP
Order of Preachers (Dominicans)
4
2
PSS
Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice (Sulpicians)
1
0
SDB
Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Salesians)
10
5
SJ
Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
9
4
SVD
Society of the Divine Word (Verbites)
2
2
None
Secular clergy
182
95
Total
245
127
· Demographics of the College of Cardinals › Cardinals by continent
Number
Number
Continent
Number
All cardinals
Percentage
All cardinals
Number
Cardinal electors
Percentage
Africa
Africa
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
29
All cardinals
11.8%
Cardinal electors
17
Cardinal electors
13.4%
Percentage of global Catholic population (2023)
20.0%
North America
North America
Continent
North America
All cardinals
35
All cardinals
14.3%
Cardinal electors
19
Cardinal electors
15.0%
Percentage of global Catholic population (2023)
20.4%
South America
South America
Continent
South America
All cardinals
30
All cardinals
12.2%
Cardinal electors
17
Cardinal electors
13.4%
Percentage of global Catholic population (2023)
27.4%
Asia
Asia
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
37
All cardinals
15.1%
Cardinal electors
22
Cardinal electors
17.3%
Percentage of global Catholic population (2023)
11.0%
Europe
Europe
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
110
All cardinals
44.9%
Cardinal electors
48
Cardinal electors
37.8%
Percentage of global Catholic population (2023)
20.4%
Oceania
Oceania
Continent
Oceania
All cardinals
4
All cardinals
1.6%
Cardinal electors
4
Cardinal electors
3.1%
Percentage of global Catholic population (2023)
0.8%
Total
Total
Continent
Total
All cardinals
245
All cardinals
100.0%
Cardinal electors
127
Cardinal electors
100.0%
Percentage of global Catholic population (2023)
100.0%
Continent
All cardinals
Cardinal electors
Percentage of global Catholic population (2023)
Number
Percentage
Number
Percentage
Africa
29
11.8%
17
13.4%
20.0%
North America
35
14.3%
19
15.0%
20.4%
South America
30
12.2%
17
13.4%
27.4%
Asia
37
15.1%
22
17.3%
11.0%
Europe
110
44.9%
48
37.8%
20.4%
Oceania
4
1.6%
4
3.1%
0.8%
Total
245
100.0%
127
100.0%
100.0%
· Demographics of the College of Cardinals › Cardinals by country
Albania
Albania
Country
Albania
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Algeria
Algeria
Country
Algeria
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Argentina
Argentina
Country
Argentina
Continent
South America
All cardinals
6
Cardinal electors
4
Australia
Australia
Country
Australia
Continent
Oceania
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Austria
Austria
Country
Austria
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Country
Bangladesh
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Belgium
Belgium
Country
Belgium
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Bolivia
Bolivia
Country
Bolivia
Continent
South America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Country
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Brazil
Brazil
Country
Brazil
Continent
South America
All cardinals
8
Cardinal electors
7
Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso
Country
Burkina Faso
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Canada
Canada
Country
Canada
Continent
North America
All cardinals
5
Cardinal electors
4
Cape Verde
Cape Verde
Country
Cape Verde
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Central African Republic
Central African Republic
Country
Central African Republic
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Chile
Chile
Country
Chile
Continent
South America
All cardinals
4
Cardinal electors
1
Colombia
Colombia
Country
Colombia
Continent
South America
All cardinals
3
Cardinal electors
1
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Country
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Croatia
Croatia
Country
Croatia
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Cuba
Cuba
Country
Cuba
Continent
North America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Country
Dominican Republic
Continent
North America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
East Timor
East Timor
Country
East Timor
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Ecuador
Ecuador
Country
Ecuador
Continent
South America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
El Salvador
El Salvador
Country
El Salvador
Continent
North America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Country
Ethiopia
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
France
France
Country
France
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
7
Cardinal electors
5
Germany
Germany
Country
Germany
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
6
Cardinal electors
3
Ghana
Ghana
Country
Ghana
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Guatemala
Guatemala
Country
Guatemala
Continent
North America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Guinea
Guinea
Country
Guinea
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Haiti
Haiti
Country
Haiti
Continent
North America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Honduras
Honduras
Country
Honduras
Continent
North America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Country
Hong Kong
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
3
Cardinal electors
1
Hungary
Hungary
Country
Hungary
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
India
India
Country
India
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
6
Cardinal electors
4
Indonesia
Indonesia
Country
Indonesia
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
1
Iran
Iran
Country
Iran
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Iraq
Iraq
Country
Iraq
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Ireland
Ireland
Country
Ireland
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Italy
Italy
Country
Italy
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
50
Cardinal electors
17
Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast
Country
Ivory Coast
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
2
Japan
Japan
Country
Japan
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
2
Jerusalem
Jerusalem
Country
Jerusalem
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Kenya
Kenya
Country
Kenya
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
South Korea
South Korea
Country
South Korea
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
1
Laos
Laos
Country
Laos
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Latvia
Latvia
Country
Latvia
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Lebanon
Lebanon
Country
Lebanon
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Lithuania
Lithuania
Country
Lithuania
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
3
Cardinal electors
1
Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Country
Luxembourg
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Madagascar
Madagascar
Country
Madagascar
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Malaysia
Malaysia
Country
Malaysia
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Mali
Mali
Country
Mali
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Malta
Malta
Country
Malta
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Mauritius
Mauritius
Country
Mauritius
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Mexico
Mexico
Country
Mexico
Continent
North America
All cardinals
6
Cardinal electors
2
Mongolia
Mongolia
Country
Mongolia
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Morocco
Morocco
Country
Morocco
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Mozambique
Mozambique
Country
Mozambique
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Myanmar
Myanmar
Country
Myanmar
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Netherlands
Netherlands
Country
Netherlands
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
New Zealand
New Zealand
Country
New Zealand
Continent
Oceania
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Nicaragua
Nicaragua
Country
Nicaragua
Continent
North America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Nigeria
Nigeria
Country
Nigeria
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
4
Cardinal electors
1
Pakistan
Pakistan
Country
Pakistan
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Panama
Panama
Country
Panama
Continent
North America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea
Country
Papua New Guinea
Continent
Oceania
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Paraguay
Paraguay
Country
Paraguay
Continent
South America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Peru
Peru
Country
Peru
Continent
South America
All cardinals
3
Cardinal electors
1
Philippines
Philippines
Country
Philippines
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
5
Cardinal electors
3
Poland
Poland
Country
Poland
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
5
Cardinal electors
3
Portugal
Portugal
Country
Portugal
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
6
Cardinal electors
4
Rwanda
Rwanda
Country
Rwanda
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Senegal
Senegal
Country
Senegal
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Serbia
Serbia
Country
Serbia
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Singapore
Singapore
Country
Singapore
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Slovenia
Slovenia
Country
Slovenia
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
South Africa
South Africa
Country
South Africa
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
1
South Sudan
South Sudan
Country
South Sudan
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Spain
Spain
Country
Spain
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
13
Cardinal electors
3
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Country
Sri Lanka
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Sudan
Sudan
Country
Sudan
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
Sweden
Sweden
Country
Sweden
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Switzerland
Switzerland
Country
Switzerland
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
2
Tanzania
Tanzania
Country
Tanzania
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
1
Thailand
Thailand
Country
Thailand
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
1
Tonga
Tonga
Country
Tonga
Continent
Oceania
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Uganda
Uganda
Country
Uganda
Continent
Africa
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
0
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Country
United Kingdom
Continent
Europe
All cardinals
4
Cardinal electors
2
United States
United States
Country
United States
Continent
North America
All cardinals
16
Cardinal electors
9
Uruguay
Uruguay
Country
Uruguay
Continent
South America
All cardinals
1
Cardinal electors
1
Venezuela
Venezuela
Country
Venezuela
Continent
South America
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
0
Vietnam
Vietnam
Country
Vietnam
Continent
Asia
All cardinals
2
Cardinal electors
0
Total
Total
Country
Total
Continent
245
All cardinals
127
Country
Continent
All cardinals
Cardinal electors
Albania
Europe
1
0
Algeria
Africa
1
1
Argentina
South America
6
4
Australia
Oceania
1
1
Austria
Europe
1
0
Bangladesh
Asia
1
0
Belgium
Europe
1
1
Bolivia
South America
1
0
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Europe
1
0
Brazil
South America
8
7
Burkina Faso
Africa
1
1
Canada
North America
5
4
Cape Verde
Africa
1
1
Central African Republic
Africa
1
1
Chile
South America
4
1
Colombia
South America
3
1
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Africa
1
1
Croatia
Europe
1
1
Cuba
North America
1
1
Dominican Republic
North America
1
0
East Timor
Asia
1
1
Ecuador
South America
1
1
El Salvador
North America
1
0
Ethiopia
Africa
1
1
France
Europe
7
5
Germany
Europe
6
3
Ghana
Africa
1
1
Guatemala
North America
1
1
Guinea
Africa
1
0
Haiti
North America
1
1
Honduras
North America
1
0
Hong Kong
Asia
3
1
Hungary
Europe
1
1
India
Asia
6
4
Indonesia
Asia
2
1
Iran
Asia
1
1
Iraq
Asia
1
1
Ireland
Europe
1
0
Italy
Europe
50
17
Ivory Coast
Africa
2
2
Japan
Asia
2
2
Jerusalem
Asia
1
1
Kenya
Africa
1
1
South Korea
Asia
2
1
Laos
Asia
1
0
Latvia
Europe
1
0
Lebanon
Asia
1
0
Lithuania
Europe
3
1
Luxembourg
Europe
1
1

References

  1. Each cardinal bishop is titularly assigned to one of the seven suburbicarian dioceses, with the exception of the dean of
  2. Among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal bishop, the senior cardinal priest, the senior cardinal deacon and the
  3. Since 9 May 2025, this office in the Roman Curia has been exercised provisionally following the election of Pope Leo XIV
  4. Schönborn was born to a Sudeten German family in the Sudetenland (in the present-day Czech Republic), then part of Nazi
  5. Pujats was originally created a cardinal in pectore and formally revealed on 21 February 2001.
  6. Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China.
  7. Brady's territorial jurisdiction as Archbishop of Armagh included a part of the United Kingdom.
  8. The Holy See Press Office's documentation gives Njue's date of birth as 1 January 1946, but previously stated that he wa
  9. Ezzati was born in Italy, emigrated to Chile as a young man, and served as a bishop there from 1996 to 2019.
  10. Ouédraogo's actual date of birth is unknown. In the 2024 edition of the Annuario Pontificio, the annual directory of the
  11. Lacunza Maestrojuán was born in Spain and served as a bishop in Panama from 1985 to 2024.
  12. López Romero was born in Spain and has served as a bishop in Morocco since 2018.
  13. Aós Braco was born in Spain and served as a bishop in Chile from 2014 to 2023.
  14. Marengo was born in Italy and has served as a bishop in Mongolia since 2020.
  15. The jurisdiction of the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem, based in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in the Old City in Ea
  16. Bustillo was born in Spain and has served as a bishop in France since 2021.
  17. Nemet was born in Serbia into an ethnically Hungarian family and describes himself as Hungarian. He has worked in Serbia
  18. Vesco was born in France and has served as a bishop in Algeria since 2012.
  19. Mathieu was born in Belgium and has served as a bishop in Iran since 2021.
  20. Bychok was born in Ukraine and has served as a bishop in Australia since 2020.
  21. Farrell was born in Ireland, was incardinated as a priest in the United States in 1984 and served as a bishop there from
  22. Granted dispensation not to receive episcopal consecration
  23. Becciu resigned the rights and privileges of a cardinal on 24 September 2020, making him ineligible to participate in a
  24. Czerny was born in Czechoslovakia (in the present-day Czech Republic) and emigrated to Canada as a child.
  25. Originally created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 1 October 2002
  26. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 19 May 2018 and co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 Ju
  27. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 29 January 1996 and appointed a cardinal bishop on 25
  28. Originally created a cardinal priest; appointed a cardinal bishop on 10 May 2008
  29. Originally created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 24 February 2009
  30. Originally created a cardinal priest; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
  31. Originally created a cardinal deacon; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 28 June 2018
  32. Originally created a cardinal deacon; appointed a cardinal bishop on 1 May 2020
  33. Originally created a cardinal priest; co-opted as a cardinal bishop on 1 May 2020
  34. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 29 January 1996
  35. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 1 March 2008
  36. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 20 May 2006
  37. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 21 February 2011
  38. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 12 June 2014
  39. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 20 June 2016
  40. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 19 May 2018
  41. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 3 May 2021
  42. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 4 March 2022
  43. Originally created a cardinal deacon; became a cardinal priest on 1 July 2024
  44. "The College of Cardinals General Documentazion [sic]"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180720104815/https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/cardinali_documentazione/cardinali_documentazione_generale_en.html#The%20Cardinals%20of%20the%20Holy%20Roman%20Catholic%20Church
  45. Catholic Encyclopedia
    https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Cardinal
  46. Pope John Paul II
    https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_constitutions/documents/hf_jp-ii_apc_22021996_universi-dominici-gregis.html
  47. "Statistically speaking: How pope's choices change College of Cardinals"
    https://www.usccb.org/news/2024/statistically-speaking-how-popes-choices-change-college-cardinals
  48. Catholic Encyclopedia
    https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/In_Petto
  49. "Ordinary Public Consistory for the Creation of 21 New Cardinals, 30.09.2023"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2023/09/30/230930a.html
  50. "Cardinal Dominik Duka dies at 82: former archbishop of Prague led Czech Church through restitution era"
    https://english.radio.cz/cardinal-dominik-duka-dies-82-former-archbishop-prague-led-czech-church-through-8867775
  51. "Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescriptum of the Holy Father Francis by which he has decided to co-opt into the Order of Bishops, equating them in all respects with the Cardinals holding the title of a suburbicarian Church, Cardinals Parolin, Sandri, Ouellet and Filoni"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2018/06/26/180626c.html
  52. "Rescriptum ex Audientia Ss.mi: Rescritto del Santo Padre Francesco con cui ha deciso di cooptare nell'Ordine dei Vescovi, equiparandolo in tutto ai Cardinali insigniti del titolo di una Chiesa suburbicaria, l'Em.mo Cardinale Luis Antonio G. Tagle"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2020/05/01/0258/00563.html
  53. Edita a Nobis
    https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-06-1914-ocr.pdf#page=219
  54. "Cardinal Bishops"
    https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/holysee/cardinals/bishops
  55. The Holy See
    https://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/la/motu_proprio/documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19650211_ad-purpuratorum.html
  56. "Cardinal Priests"
    https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/holysee/cardinals/priests
  57. "Cardinal Deacons"
    https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/holysee/cardinals/deacons
  58. "Rinunce e nomine"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2002/10/01/0483/01492.html
  59. "Re Card. Giovanni Battista"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_re_gb.html
  60. "Sandri Card. Leonardo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_sandri_l.html
  61. "Arinze Card. Francis"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_arinze_f.html
  62. "Bertone Card. Tarcisio, S.D.B."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_bertone_t.html
  63. "Saraiva Martins Card. José, C.M.F."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_saraiva-martins_j.html
  64. "Communiqué"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2025/05/09/250509b.html
  65. "Parolin Card. Pietro"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_parolin_p.html
  66. "Ouellet Card. Marc, P.S.S."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ouellet_m.html
  67. "Filoni Card. Fernando"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_filoni_f.html
  68. "Stella Card. Beniamino"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_stella_b.html
  69. "Tagle Card. Luis Antonio Gokim"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tagle_la.html
  70. "Raï Card. Béchara Boutros, OMM"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rai_bb.html
  71. "Sako Card. Louis Raphaël I"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_sako_l.html
  72. "Kitbunchu Card. Michael Michai"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_kitbunchu_mm.html
  73. "Poupard Card. Paul"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_poupard_p.html
  74. "Wetter Card. Friedrich"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_wetter_f.html
  75. "López Rodríguez Card. Nicolás de Jesús"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_lopez-rodriguez_ndj.html
  76. "Mahony Card. Roger Michael"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_mahony_rm.html
  77. "Ruini Card. Camillo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ruini_c.html
  78. "Darmaatmadja Card. Julius Riyadi, S.I."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_darmaatmadja_jr.html
  79. "Wamala Card. Emmanuel"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_wamala_e.html
  80. "Maida Card. Adam Joseph"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_maida_aj.html
  81. "Puljić Card. Vinko"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_puljic_v.html
  82. "Sandoval Íñiguez Card. Juan"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_sandoval-iniguez_j.html
  83. "Stafford Card. James Francis"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_stafford_jf.html
  84. "De Giorgi Card. Salvatore"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_de-giorgi_s.html
  85. "Rouco Varela Card. Antonio María"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rouco-varela_am.html
  86. "Pengo Card. Polycarp"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_pengo_p.html
  87. "Schönborn Card. Christoph, OP"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_schonborn_c.html
  88. "Rivera Carrera Card. Norberto"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rivera-carrera_n.html
  89. "Pujats Card. Jānis"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_pujats_j.html
  90. "Sepe Card. Crescenzio"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_sepe_c.html
  91. "Kasper Card. Walter"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_kasper_w.html
  92. "Bačkis Card. Audrys Juozas"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_backis_aj.html
  93. "Errázuriz Ossa Card. Francisco Javier"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_errazuriz-ossa_fj.html
  94. "Napier Card. Wilfrid Fox, OFM"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_napier_wf.html
  95. "Rodríguez Maradiaga Card. Óscar Andrés, S.D.B."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rodriguez-mardiaga_oa.html
  96. "Cipriani Thorne Card. Juan Luis"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_cipriani-thorne_jl.html
  97. "Herranz Card. Julián"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_herranz_j.html
  98. "Scola Card. Angelo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_scola_a.html
  99. "Okogie Card. Anthony Olubunmi"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_okogie_ao.html
  100. "Zubeir Wako Card. Gabriel"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_zubeir-wako_g.html
  101. "Rigali Card. Justin Francis"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rigali_jf.html
  102. "Antonelli Card. Ennio"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_antonelli_e.html
  103. "Turkson Card. Peter Kodwo Appiah"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_turkson_pka.html
  104. "Bozanić Card. Josip"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_bozanic_j.html
  105. "Pham Minh Mân Card. Jean-Baptiste"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_pham-minh-man_jb.html
  106. "Barbarin Card. Philippe"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_barbarin_p.html
  107. "Erdő Card. Péter"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_erdo_p.html
  108. "Rodé Card. Franc, C.M."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rode_f.html
  109. "Vallini Card. Agostino"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_vallini_a.html
  110. "Rosales Card. Gaudencio Borbon"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rosales_gb.html
  111. "Ricard Card. Jean-Pierre"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ricard_jp.html
  112. "Cañizares Llovera Card. Antonio"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_canizares-llovera_a.html
  113. "O'Malley Card. Seán Patrick, OFMCap"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_omalley_sp.html
  114. "Dziwisz Card. Stanisław"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_dziwisz_s.html
  115. "Zen Ze-kiun Card. Joseph, S.D.B."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_zen-se-kiun_j.html
  116. "Lajolo Card. Giovanni"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_lajolo_g.html
  117. "Comastri Card. Angelo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_comastri_a.html
  118. "Ryłko Card. Stanisław"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rylko_s.html
  119. "Farina Card. Raffaele, S.D.B."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_farina_r.html
  120. "Brady Card. Seán Baptist"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_brady_sb.html
  121. "Martínez Sistach Card. Lluís"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_martinez-sistach_l.html
  122. "Bagnasco Card. Angelo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_bagnasco_a.html
  123. "Sarr Card. Théodore-Adrien"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_sarr_ta.html
  124. "Gracias Card. Oswald"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_gracias_o.html
  125. "Robles Ortega Card. Francisco"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_robles-ortega_f.html
  126. "DiNardo Card. Daniel Nicholas"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_dinardo_dn.html
  127. "Scherer Card. Odilo Pedro"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_scherer_op.html
  128. "Njue Card. John"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_njue_j.html
  129. "Cardinals [sic] electors"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/card_bio_typed/card_bio_ele.html
  130. "Sarah Card. Robert"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_sarah_r.html
  131. "Monterisi Card. Francesco"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_monterisi_f.html
  132. "Burke Card. Raymond Leo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_burke_rl.html
  133. "Koch Card. Kurt"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_koch_k.html
  134. "Piacenza Card. Mauro"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_piacenza_m.html
  135. "Ravasi Card. Gianfranco"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ravasi_g.html
  136. "Romeo Card. Paolo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_romeo_p.html
  137. "Wuerl Card. Donald William"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_wuerl_dw.html
  138. "Assis Card. Raymundo Damasceno"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_assis-damasceno_r.html
  139. "Nycz Card. Kazimierz"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_nycz_k.html
  140. "Patabendige Don Card. Albert Malcolm Ranjith"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_patabendige-don_amr.html
  141. "Marx Card. Reinhard"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_marx_r.html
  142. "Brandmüller Card. Walter"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_brandmuller_w.html
  143. "Monteiro de Castro Manuel"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_monteiro-de-castro_m.html
  144. "Abril y Castelló Card. Santos"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_abril-y-castello_s.html
  145. "Vegliò Card. Antonio Maria"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_veglio_am.html
  146. "Bertello Card. Giuseppe"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_bertello_g.html
  147. "Coccopalmerio Card. Francesco"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_coccopalmerio_f.html
  148. "Aviz Card. João Braz de"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_aviz-braz-de_j.html
  149. "O'Brien Card. Edwin Frederick"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_obrien_ef.html
  150. "Calcagno Card. Domenico"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_calcagno_d.html
  151. "Versaldi Card. Giuseppe"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_versaldi_g.html
  152. "Alencherry Card. George"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_alencherry_g.html
  153. "Collins Card. Thomas Christopher"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_collins_tc.html
  154. "Eijk Card. Willem Jacobus"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_eijk_wj.html
  155. "Betori Card. Giuseppe"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_betori_g.html
  156. "Dolan Card. Timothy Michael"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_dolan_tm.html
  157. "Woelki Card. Rainer Maria"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_woelki_rm.html
  158. "Tong Hon Card. John"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tong-hon_j.html
  159. "Harvey Card. James Michael"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_harvey_jm.html
  160. "Baselios Card. Cleemis"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_baselios_c.html
  161. "Onaiyekan Card. John Olorunfemi"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_onaiyekan_jo.html
  162. "Salazar Gómez Card. Rubén"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_salazar-gomez_r.html
  163. "Baldisseri Card. Lorenzo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_baldisseri_l.html
  164. "Müller Card. Gerhard Ludwig"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_muller_gl.html
  165. "Nichols Card. Vincent Gerard"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_nichols_gv.html
  166. "Brenes Solórzano Card. Leopoldo José"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_brenes-solorzano_lj.html
  167. "Lacroix Card. Gérald Cyprien, I.S.P.X."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_lacroix_gc.html
  168. "Kutwa Card. Jean-Pierre"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_kutwa_jp.html
  169. "Tempesta Card. Orani João, OCist"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tempesta_oj.html
  170. "Bassetti Card. Gualtiero"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_bassetti_g.html
  171. "Poli Card. Mario Aurelio"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_poli_ma.html
  172. "Yeom Soo-jung Card. Andrew"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_yeom-soo-jung_a.html
  173. "Ezzati Andrello Card. Ricardo, S.D.B."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ezzati-andrello_r.html
  174. La Croix International
    https://international.la-croix.com/religion/age-mix-up-restores-burkina-fasos-eligibility-to-vote-in-next-conclave
  175. "Ouédraogo Card. Philippe Nakellentuba"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ouedraogo_pn.html
  176. "Quevedo Card. Orlando Beltran, OMI"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_quevedo_ob.html
  177. "Langlois Card. Chibly"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_langlois_c.html
  178. "Clemente Card. Manuel"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_clemente_m.html
  179. "Souraphiel Card. Berhaneyesus Demerew, C.M."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_souraphiel_bd.html
  180. "Dew Card. John Atcherley"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_dew_ja.html
  181. "Nguyên Văn Nhon Card. Pierre"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_nguyen-van-nohn_p.html
  182. "Suárez Inda Card. Alberto"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_suarez-inda_a.html
  183. "Bo Card. Charles Maung, S.D.B."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_bo_cm_c.html
  184. "Kovithavanij Card. Francis Xavier Kriengsak"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_kovithavanij_fxk.html
  185. "Montenegro Card. Francesco"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_montenegro_f.html
  186. "Sturla Berhouet Card. Daniel Fernando, S.D.B."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_sturla-berhouet_df.html
  187. "Blázquez Pérez Card. Ricardo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_blazquez-perez_r.html
  188. "Lacunza Maestrojuán Card. José Luis, OAR"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_lacunza-maestrojuan_jl.html
  189. "Furtado Card. Arlindo Gomes"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_furtado-gomes_a.html
  190. "Mafi Card. Soane Patita Paini"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_mafi_spp.html
  191. "Villalba Card. Luis Héctor"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_villalba_lh.html
  192. "Langa Card. Júlio Duarte"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_langa_jd.html
  193. "Nzapalainga Card. Dieudonné, C.S.Sp"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_nzapalainga_d.html
  194. "Osoro Sierra Card. Carlos"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_osoro_sierra_c.html
  195. "da Rocha Card. Sérgio"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_da-rocha_s.html
  196. "Cupich Card. Blase J."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_cupich_b.html
  197. "D'Rozario Card. Patrick, C.S.C."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_d-rozario_p.html
  198. "Porras Cardozo Card. Baltazar Enrique"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_porras-cardozo_b.html
  199. "De Kesel Card. Jozef"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_de-kesel_j.html
  200. "Piat Card. Maurice, C.S.Sp"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_piat_m.html
  201. "Aguiar Retes Card. Carlos"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_aguiar-retes_c.html
  202. "Ribat Card. John, M.S.C."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ribat_j.html
  203. "Tobin Card. Joseph William, C.SS.R."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tobin_j.html
  204. "Zerbo Card. Jean"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_zerbo_j.html
  205. "Omella Card. Juan José"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_omella_jj.html
  206. "Arborelius Card. Anders, OCD"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_arborelius_a.html
  207. "Mangkhanekhoun Card. Louis-Marie Ling, I.V.D."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_mangkhanekhoun_lml.html
  208. "Rosa Chávez Card. Gregorio"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rosachavez_g.html
  209. "De Donatis Card. Angelo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_dedonatis_a.html
  210. "Coutts Card. Joseph"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_coutts_j.html
  211. "Marto Card. António Augusto dos Santos"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_marto_aa.html
  212. "Barreto Jimeno Card. Pedro Ricardo, S.I."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_barreto_p.html
  213. "Tsarahazana Card. Désiré"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tsarahazana_d.html
  214. "Petrocchi Card. Giuseppe"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_petrocchi_g.html
  215. "Maeda Card. Thomas Aquino Manyo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_maeda_tam.html
  216. "Porco Ticona Card. Toribio"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_porcoticona_t.html
  217. "Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo Card. Ignatius"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_suharyohardjomatmodjo_i.html
  218. "García Rodríguez Card. Juan de la Caridad"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_garciarodriguez_j.html
  219. "Ambongo Besungu Card. Fridolin, OFMCap"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_Ambongo.html
  220. "Hollerich Card. Jean-Claude, S.I."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_hollerich_jc.html
  221. "Ramazzini Imeri Card. Álvaro Leonel"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ramazziniimeri_al.html
  222. "Zuppi Card. Matteo Maria"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_zuppi_mm.html
  223. "López Romero Card. Cristóbal, S.D.B."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_lopezromero_c.html
  224. "Tamkevičius Card. Sigitas, S.I."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tamkevicius_s0.html
  225. "Kambanda Card. Antoine"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_kambanda_a.html
  226. "Gregory Card. Wilton Daniel"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_gregory_wd.html
  227. "Advincula Card. Jose Fuerte"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_advincula_jf.html
  228. "Aós Braco Card. Celestino, OFMCap"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_aosbraco_c.html
  229. "Lojudice Card. Augusto Paolo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_lojudice_ap.html
  230. "Arizmendi Esquivel Card. Felipe"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_arizmendiesquivel_f.html
  231. "Aveline Card. Jean-Marc"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_aveline_jm.html
  232. "Okpaleke Card. Peter Ebere"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_okpaleke_p.html
  233. "Steiner Card. Leonardo Ulrich, OFM"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_steiner_l.html
  234. "Ferrão Card. Filipe Neri António Sebastião do Rosário"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ferrao_f.html
  235. "McElroy Card. Robert Walter"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_mcelroy_rw.html
  236. "do Carmo da Silva Card. Virgilio, S.D.B."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_docarmodasilva_v.html
  237. "Cantoni Card. Oscar"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_cantoni_o.html
  238. "Poola Card. Anthony"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_poola_a.html
  239. "Costa Card. Paulo Ceza"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_costa_pc.html
  240. "Goh Card. William Seng Chye"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_goh_w.html
  241. "Martínez Flores Card. Adalberto"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_martinezflores_a.html
  242. "Marengo Card. Giorgio, I.M.C."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_marengo_g.html
  243. "Jiménez Carvajal Card. Jorge Enrique, C.I.M."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_jimenezcarvajal_jr.html
  244. "Miglio Card. Arrigo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_miglio_a.html
  245. "Pizzaballa Card. Pierbattista, OFM"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_pizzaballa_p.html
  246. "Brislin Card. Stephen"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_brislin_s.html
  247. "Rossi Card. Ángel Sixto, S.I."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rossi_as.html
  248. "Rueda Aparicio Card. Luis José"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ruedaaparicio_lj.html
  249. "Ryś Card. Grzegorz"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rys_g.html
  250. "Mulla Card. Stephen Ameyu Martin"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_mulla_sam.html
  251. "Cobo Cano Card. José"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_cobocano_j.html
  252. "Rugambwa Card. Protase"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_rugambwa_p.html
  253. "Francis Card. Sebastian"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_francis_s.html
  254. "Chow Sau-yan Card. Stephen, S.I."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_chowsauyan_s.html
  255. "Bustsillo Card. François-Xavier, OFMConv"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_bustillo_fx.html
  256. "Aguiar Alves Card. Américo Manuel"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_alvesaguiar_am.html
  257. "Padrón Sánchez Card. Diego Rafael"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_padronsanchez_dr.html
  258. "Announcement of Consistory on 8 December for the creation of new Cardinals, 06.10.2024"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2024/10/06/241006b.html
  259. "Mamberti Card. Dominique"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_mamberti_d.html
  260. "Zenari Card. Mario"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_zenari_m.html
  261. "Farrell Card. Kevin Joseph"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_farrell_k.html
  262. "Simoni Card. Ernest"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_simoni_e.html
  263. "Ladaria Ferrer Card. Luis Francisco, S.I."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ladaria_l.html
  264. "Rinunce e nomine (continuazione)"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2020/09/24/0482/01111.html
  265. Catholic News Agency
    https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/46792/analysis-is-there-a-road-back-for-cardinal-becciu
  266. "Becciu Card. Giovanni Angelo"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_becciu_ga.html
  267. "Krajewski Card. Konrad"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_krajewski_k.html
  268. "Bocos Merino Card. Aquilino, C.M.F."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_bocosmerino_a.html
  269. "Mendonça Card. José Tolentino de"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_mendoncacalacade_jt.html
  270. "Czerny Card. Michael, S.I."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_czeny_m.html
  271. "Fitzgerald Card. Michael Louis, M. Afr"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_fitzgerald_ml.html
  272. "Grech Card. Mario"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_grech_m.html
  273. "Semeraro Card. Marcello"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_semeraro_m.html
  274. "Gambetti Card. Mauro, OFMConv"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_gambetti_m.html
  275. "Tomasi Card. Silvano Maria, C.S."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tomasi_sm.html
  276. "Cantalamessa Card. Raniero, OFMCap"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_cantalamessa_r.html
  277. "Feroci Card. Enrico"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_feroci_e.html
  278. "Roche Card. Arthur"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_roche_a.html
  279. "You Heung-sik Card. Lazzaro"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_youheung-sik_l.html
  280. "Vérgez Alzaga Card. Fernando, L.C."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_vergezalzaga_.html
  281. "Ghirlanda Card. Gianfranco, S.I."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_ghirlanda_g.html
  282. "Frezza Card. Fortunato"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_frezza_f.html
  283. "Gugerotti Card. Claudio"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_gugerotti_c.html
  284. "Fernández Card. Víctor Manuel"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_fernandez_vm.html
  285. "Tscherrig Card. Emil Paul"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tscherrig_ep.html
  286. "Pierre Card. Christophe Louis Yves Georges"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_pierre_clyg.html
  287. "Fernández Artime Card. Ángel, S.D.B."
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_fernandezartime_a.html
  288. "Marchetto Card. Agostino"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_marchetto_a.html
  289. Pope Benedict XVI
    https://www.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/la/motu_proprio/documents/hf_ben-xvi_motu-proprio_20070611_de-electione.html
  290. "Methodology"
    https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/#geo-regions
  291. Catholic News Agency
    https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/262883/worldwide-catholic-population-hits-14-billion
  292. "Composition of Cardinals according to geographical region"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali---statistiche/composizione-per-area.html
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