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List of countries by suicide rate

Updated: Wikipedia source

List of countries by suicide rate

The following are lists of countries by estimated suicide rates as published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other sources. In many countries, suicide rates are underreported due to social stigma, cultural or legal concerns. Thus, these figures may not reflect actual suicide rates, which are unknown in many countries. The global total of suicide deaths decreased from an estimated 762,000 in 2000 to 717,000 in 2021, which is 9 deaths per 100,000 population. In high-income countries, male and female rates of suicidal behaviors differ compared to the rest of the world: while women are reportedly more prone to suicidal thoughts, rates of suicide are higher among men, which has been described as a "silent epidemic". In 2021, the global rate of suicide deaths for men was 12 per 100,000, more than double the rate for women, which stood at 5 per 100,000 population. However, the sex disparity was uneven across regions, with a male-to-female ratio ranging from as low as 1 in the Southeast Asia Region to nearly 4 in the Region of the Americas.

In much of the world, suicide is stigmatized and condemned for religious or cultural reasons. In some countries, suicidal behavior is a criminal offense punishable by law. Suicide is therefore often a secretive act surrounded by taboo, and may be unrecognized, misclassified, or deliberately hidden in official records of death such, suicide rates may be higher than measured, with men more at risk of dying by suicide than women across nearly all cultures and backgrounds. Suicide prevention and intervention is an important topic for all peoples, according to the WHO.

Tables

Estimated suicide mortality rates by gender and country, age-standardized, per 100K population, World Health Organization Reflects most recent data · Countries and territories by suicide rate
All
All
Country
All
Region
Male
2021
Female
2021
M/F
World
World
Country
World
2021
9
2021
12
2021
5
2021
2
Lesotho
Lesotho
Country
Lesotho
Region
Africa
2021
28
2021
41
2021
16
2021
2
Guyana
Guyana
Country
Guyana
Region
Americas
2021
24
2021
39
2021
10
2021
3
Eswatini
Eswatini
Country
Eswatini
Region
Africa
2021
27
2021
45
2021
10
2021
4
Kiribati
Kiribati
Country
Kiribati
Region
Oceania
2021
17
2021
31
2021
4
2021
6
Federated States of Micronesia
Federated States of Micronesia
Country
Federated States of Micronesia
Region
Oceania
2021
19
2021
31
2021
8
2021
3
Suriname
Suriname
Country
Suriname
Region
Americas
2021
22
2021
30
2021
14
2021
2
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
Country
Zimbabwe
Region
Africa
2021
17
2021
23
2021
11
2021
2
South Africa
South Africa
Country
South Africa
Region
Africa
2021
22
2021
35
2021
9
2021
3
Mozambique
Mozambique
Country
Mozambique
Region
Africa
2021
10
2021
15
2021
6
2021
2
Central African Republic
Central African Republic
Country
Central African Republic
Region
Africa
2021
9
2021
14
2021
4
2021
3
Russia
Russia
Country
Russia
Region
Europe
2021
21
2021
36
2021
8
2021
4
South Korea
South Korea
Country
South Korea
Region
Asia
2021
20
2021
28
2021
13
2021
2
Vanuatu
Vanuatu
Country
Vanuatu
Region
Oceania
2021
15
2021
24
2021
6
2021
3
Botswana
Botswana
Country
Botswana
Region
Africa
2021
8
2021
11
2021
5
2021
2
Lithuania
Lithuania
Country
Lithuania
Region
Europe
2021
22
2021
36
2021
9
2021
4
Uruguay
Uruguay
Country
Uruguay
Region
Americas
2021
24
2021
39
2021
10
2021
3
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Country
Kazakhstan
Region
Asia
2021
14
2021
24
2021
5
2021
4
Mongolia
Mongolia
Country
Mongolia
Region
Asia
2021
18
2021
32
2021
4
2021
6
Ukraine
Ukraine
Country
Ukraine
Region
Europe
2021
21
2021
37
2021
6
2021
5
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands
Country
Solomon Islands
Region
Oceania
2021
19
2021
29
2021
9
2021
3
Eritrea
Eritrea
Country
Eritrea
Region
Africa
2021
13
2021
19
2021
7
2021
2
Belarus
Belarus
Country
Belarus
Region
Europe
2021
15
2021
27
2021
5
2021
5
Montenegro
Montenegro
Country
Montenegro
Region
Europe
2021
11
2021
17
2021
6
2021
2
Latvia
Latvia
Country
Latvia
Region
Europe
2021
15
2021
27
2021
4
2021
6
Cameroon
Cameroon
Country
Cameroon
Region
Africa
2021
8
2021
13
2021
3
2021
3
Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast
Country
Ivory Coast
Region
Africa
2021
7
2021
12
2021
2
2021
4
Cape Verde
Cape Verde
Country
Cape Verde
Region
Africa
2021
14
2021
25
2021
4
2021
6
Togo
Togo
Country
Togo
Region
Africa
2021
9
2021
14
2021
4
2021
3
Somalia
Somalia
Country
Somalia
Region
Africa
2021
8
2021
9
2021
6
2021
1
Samoa
Samoa
Country
Samoa
Region
Oceania
2021
12
2021
17
2021
7
2021
2
United States
United States
Country
United States
Region
Americas
2021
15
2021
24
2021
6
2021
3
Zambia
Zambia
Country
Zambia
Region
Africa
2021
7
2021
11
2021
3
2021
3
Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso
Country
Burkina Faso
Region
Africa
2021
8
2021
13
2021
4
2021
3
Slovenia
Slovenia
Country
Slovenia
Region
Europe
2021
18
2021
29
2021
7
2021
3
Belgium
Belgium
Country
Belgium
Region
Europe
2021
18
2021
26
2021
10
2021
2
Namibia
Namibia
Country
Namibia
Region
Africa
2021
8
2021
13
2021
3
2021
3
Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea
Country
Equatorial Guinea
Region
Africa
2021
7
2021
10
2021
3
2021
2
Finland
Finland
Country
Finland
Region
Europe
2021
14
2021
20
2021
8
2021
2
Chad
Chad
Country
Chad
Region
Africa
2021
5
2021
7
2021
3
2021
2
Gabon
Gabon
Country
Gabon
Region
Africa
2021
7
2021
12
2021
2
2021
5
India
India
Country
India
Region
Asia
2021
12
2021
13
2021
11
2021
1
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Country
Sri Lanka
Region
Asia
2021
14
2021
24
2021
5
2021
4
Benin
Benin
Country
Benin
Region
Africa
2021
7
2021
11
2021
3
2021
3
Angola
Angola
Country
Angola
Region
Africa
2021
8
2021
12
2021
3
2021
3
DR Congo
DR Congo
Country
DR Congo
Region
Africa
2021
8
2021
13
2021
3
2021
3
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau
Country
Guinea-Bissau
Region
Africa
2021
7
2021
11
2021
3
2021
3
Sweden
Sweden
Country
Sweden
Region
Europe
2021
13
2021
18
2021
8
2021
2
Guinea
Guinea
Country
Guinea
Region
Africa
2021
4
2021
18
2021
3
2021
5
Japan
Japan
Country
Japan
Region
Asia
2021
14
2021
19
2021
9
2021
2
Moldova
Moldova
Country
Moldova
Region
Europe
2021
14
2021
24
2021
5
2021
5
Burundi
Burundi
Country
Burundi
Region
Africa
2021
7
2021
11
2021
3
2021
2
Estonia
Estonia
Country
Estonia
Region
Europe
2021
14
2021
25
2021
5
2021
4
Djibouti
Djibouti
Country
Djibouti
Region
Africa
2021
8
2021
9
2021
6
2021
1
Hungary
Hungary
Country
Hungary
Region
Europe
2021
16
2021
26
2021
7
2021
3
Congo
Congo
Country
Congo
Region
Africa
2021
6
2021
10
2021
3
2021
3
Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone
Country
Sierra Leone
Region
Africa
2021
6
2021
7
2021
4
2021
1
Australia
Australia
Country
Australia
Region
Oceania
2021
13
2021
19
2021
6
2021
2
Haiti
Haiti
Country
Haiti
Region
Americas
2021
7
2021
10
2021
5
2021
2
Iceland
Iceland
Country
Iceland
Region
Europe
2021
11
2021
14
2021
9
2021
1
Kenya
Kenya
Country
Kenya
Region
Africa
2021
4
2021
6
2021
2
2021
2
Croatia
Croatia
Country
Croatia
Region
Europe
2021
15
2021
25
2021
6
2021
3
Senegal
Senegal
Country
Senegal
Region
Africa
2021
6
2021
10
2021
3
2021
3
Malawi
Malawi
Country
Malawi
Region
Africa
2021
7
2021
12
2021
2
2021
4
Ghana
Ghana
Country
Ghana
Region
Africa
2021
5
2021
8
2021
2
2021
3
Uganda
Uganda
Country
Uganda
Region
Africa
2021
5
2021
8
2021
2
2021
3
Austria
Austria
Country
Austria
Region
Europe
2021
14
2021
23
2021
5
2021
4
Canada
Canada
Country
Canada
Region
Americas
2021
9
2021
14
2021
4
2021
3
New Zealand
New Zealand
Country
New Zealand
Region
Oceania
2021
11
2021
17
2021
6
2021
2
Cuba
Cuba
Country
Cuba
Region
Americas
2021
13
2021
23
2021
4
2021
5
Niger
Niger
Country
Niger
Region
Africa
2021
4
2021
5
2021
3
2021
2
Norway
Norway
Country
Norway
Region
Europe
2021
13
2021
18
2021
7
2021
2
Switzerland
Switzerland
Country
Switzerland
Region
Europe
2021
9
2021
13
2021
6
2021
2
Nepal
Nepal
Country
Nepal
Region
Asia
2021
10
2021
13
2021
7
2021
1
Pakistan
Pakistan
Country
Pakistan
Region
Asia
2021
5
2021
8
2021
3
2021
2
France
France
Country
France
Region
Europe
2021
16
2021
24
2021
9
2021
2
Singapore
Singapore
Country
Singapore
Region
Asia
2021
8
2021
11
2021
4
2021
2
Gambia
Gambia
Country
Gambia
Region
Africa
2021
4
2021
6
2021
3
2021
2
Country
Region
2021
All
Male
Female
M/F
World
9
12
5
2
Lesotho
Africa
28
41
16
2
Guyana
Americas
24
39
10
3
Eswatini
Africa
27
45
10
4
Kiribati
Oceania
17
31
4
6
Federated States of Micronesia
Oceania
19
31
8
3
Suriname
Americas
22
30
14
2
Zimbabwe
Africa
17
23
11
2
South Africa
Africa
22
35
9
3
Mozambique
Africa
10
15
6
2
Central African Republic
Africa
9
14
4
3
Russia
Europe
21
36
8
4
South Korea
Asia
20
28
13
2
Vanuatu
Oceania
15
24
6
3
Botswana
Africa
8
11
5
2
Lithuania
Europe
22
36
9
4
Uruguay
Americas
24
39
10
3
Kazakhstan
Asia
14
24
5
4
Mongolia
Asia
18
32
4
6
Ukraine
Europe
21
37
6
5
Solomon Islands
Oceania
19
29
9
3
Eritrea
Africa
13
19
7
2
Belarus
Europe
15
27
5
5
Montenegro
Europe
11
17
6
2
Latvia
Europe
15
27
4
6
Cameroon
Africa
8
13
3
3
Ivory Coast
Africa
7
12
2
4
Cape Verde
Africa
14
25
4
6
Togo
Africa
9
14
4
3
Somalia
Africa
8
9
6
1
Samoa
Oceania
12
17
7
2
United States
Americas
15
24
6
3
Zambia
Africa
7
11
3
3
Burkina Faso
Africa
8
13
4
3
Slovenia
Europe
18
29
7
3
Belgium
Europe
18
26
10
2
Namibia
Africa
8
13
3
3
Equatorial Guinea
Africa
7
10
3
2
Finland
Europe
14
20
8
2
Chad
Africa
5
7
3
2
Gabon
Africa
7
12
2
5
India
Asia
12
13
11
1
Sri Lanka
Asia
14
24
5
4
Benin
Africa
7
11
3
3
Angola
Africa
8
12
3
3
DR Congo
Africa
8
13
3
3
Guinea-Bissau
Africa
7
11
3
3
Sweden
Europe
13
18
8
2
Suicide rates by income group in 2012 (per 100,000 people) · Analysis
High-income countries (18 %)
High-income countries (18 %)
Income group (% of global pop)
High-income countries (18 %)
Suicides, 2012 (in thousands)
197
Global %
24 %
Rate (2012)
12
Male:Female (2012)
3 : 1
Upper-middle-income countries (34 %)
Upper-middle-income countries (34 %)
Income group (% of global pop)
Upper-middle-income countries (34 %)
Suicides, 2012 (in thousands)
192
Global %
23 %
Rate (2012)
7
Male:Female (2012)
1 : 1
Lower-middle-income countries (35 %)
Lower-middle-income countries (35 %)
Income group (% of global pop)
Lower-middle-income countries (35 %)
Suicides, 2012 (in thousands)
333
Global %
41 %
Rate (2012)
14
Male:Female (2012)
1 : 1
Low-income countries (12 %)
Low-income countries (12 %)
Income group (% of global pop)
Low-income countries (12 %)
Suicides, 2012 (in thousands)
82
Global %
10 %
Rate (2012)
13
Male:Female (2012)
1 : 1
Global (100 %)
Global (100 %)
Income group (% of global pop)
Global (100 %)
Suicides, 2012 (in thousands)
804
Global %
100 %
Rate (2012)
11
Male:Female (2012)
1 : 1
Income group (% of global pop)
Suicides, 2012 (in thousands)
Global %
Rate (2012)
Male:Female (2012)
High-income countries (18 %)
197
24 %
12
3 : 1
Upper-middle-income countries (34 %)
192
23 %
7
1 : 1
Lower-middle-income countries (35 %)
333
41 %
14
1 : 1
Low-income countries (12 %)
82
10 %
13
1 : 1
Global (100 %)
804
100 %
11
1 : 1
Suicides per 100,000 people per year · List by other sources and years (1985–2023)
Greenland * (Danish Realm)
Greenland * (Danish Realm)
Country
Greenland * (Danish Realm)
Male
75
Female
25
Overall
53
Sources and year
2019
Lithuania *
Lithuania *
Country
Lithuania *
Male
32
Female
6
Overall
18
Sources and year
2022
South Korea *
South Korea *
Country
South Korea *
Male
35
Female
16
Overall
26
Sources and year
2021
Guyana *
Guyana *
Country
Guyana *
Male
41
Female
10
Overall
25
Sources and year
2017
Kazakhstan *
Kazakhstan *
Country
Kazakhstan *
Male
40
Female
8
Overall
23
Sources and year
2017
Slovenia
Slovenia
Country
Slovenia
Overall
18
Sources and year
2016
Sri Lanka *
Sri Lanka *
Country
Sri Lanka *
Overall
14
Sources and year
2018
Hungary
Hungary
Country
Hungary
Overall
17
Sources and year
2016
Belarus *
Belarus *
Country
Belarus *
Overall
20
Sources and year
2017
Taiwan (estimate)
Taiwan (estimate)
Country
Taiwan (estimate)
Overall
20
Sources and year
2018
Ukraine *
Ukraine *
Country
Ukraine *
Overall
22
Sources and year
2016
Uruguay *
Uruguay *
Country
Uruguay *
Male
37
Female
9
Overall
23
Sources and year
2022
Latvia
Latvia
Country
Latvia
Overall
18
Sources and year
2016
Moldova
Moldova
Country
Moldova
Overall
15
Sources and year
2016
Serbia
Serbia
Country
Serbia
Overall
13
Sources and year
2016
Belgium
Belgium
Country
Belgium
Overall
17
Sources and year
2016
Japan *
Japan *
Country
Japan *
Male
23
Female
10
Overall
16
Sources and year
2018
Taiwan (government data)
Taiwan (government data)
Country
Taiwan (government data)
Male
21
Female
11
Overall
16
Sources and year
2022
Croatia
Croatia
Country
Croatia
Overall
16
Sources and year
2016
Bhutan *
Bhutan *
Country
Bhutan *
Overall
12
Sources and year
2017
Austria
Austria
Country
Austria
Male
23
Female
7
Overall
13
Sources and year
2016
South Africa *
South Africa *
Country
South Africa *
Overall
15
Sources and year
2005
Estonia
Estonia
Country
Estonia
Overall
14
Sources and year
2016
France *
France *
Country
France *
Overall
13
Sources and year
2023
Suriname
Suriname
Country
Suriname
Male
23
Female
4
Overall
14
Sources and year
2005
Finland *
Finland *
Country
Finland *
Male
22
Female
6
Overall
14
Sources and year
2016
European Union
European Union
Country
European Union
Overall
10
Sources and year
2016
United States *
United States *
Country
United States *
Male
21
Female
6
Overall
14
Sources and year
2017
Poland
Poland
Country
Poland
Overall
12
Sources and year
2016
Russia *
Russia *
Country
Russia *
Overall
13
Sources and year
2017
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Country
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Overall
13
Sources and year
2012
Czech Republic
Czech Republic
Country
Czech Republic
Overall
11
Sources and year
2020
Germany
Germany
Country
Germany
Overall
11
Sources and year
2016
Cuba
Cuba
Country
Cuba
Male
19
Female
5
Overall
12
Sources and year
2008
Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Country
Bulgaria
Overall
9
Sources and year
2016
New Zealand
New Zealand
Country
New Zealand
Male
19
Female
5
Overall
12
Sources and year
2014–15
Hong Kong *
Hong Kong *
Country
Hong Kong *
Male
16
Female
8
Overall
12
Sources and year
2011
Sweden *
Sweden *
Country
Sweden *
Overall
11
Sources and year
2016
Portugal
Portugal
Country
Portugal
Overall
8
Sources and year
2016
Romania *
Romania *
Country
Romania *
Overall
10
Sources and year
2016
Norway
Norway
Country
Norway
Overall
12
Sources and year
2016
United Kingdom *
United Kingdom *
Country
United Kingdom *
Overall
11
Sources and year
2018
Canada *
Canada *
Country
Canada *
Male
16
Female
5
Overall
11
Sources and year
2009
Iceland
Iceland
Country
Iceland
Overall
12
Sources and year
2016
Chile
Chile
Country
Chile
Male
18
Female
4
Overall
11
Sources and year
2007
Switzerland *
Switzerland *
Country
Switzerland *
Male
17
Female
5
Overall
11
Sources and year
2011
Netherlands
Netherlands
Country
Netherlands
Male
18
Female
6
Overall
12
Sources and year
2015
Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago
Country
Trinidad and Tobago
Male
17
Female
3
Overall
10
Sources and year
2006
India *
India *
Country
India *
Male
13
Female
7
Overall
10
Sources and year
2009
Ireland
Ireland
Country
Ireland
Male
17
Female
3
Overall
10
Sources and year
2013
Singapore *
Singapore *
Country
Singapore *
Male
13
Female
7
Overall
10
Sources and year
2012
Australia *
Australia *
Country
Australia *
Male
20
Female
6
Overall
13
Sources and year
2019
Slovakia
Slovakia
Country
Slovakia
Overall
7
Sources and year
2016
China *
China *
Country
China *
Overall
9
Sources and year
2014
Venezuela
Venezuela
Country
Venezuela
Overall
9
Sources and year
2019
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Country
Kyrgyzstan
Male
14
Female
3
Overall
8
Sources and year
2009
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan
Country
Turkmenistan
Male
13
Female
3
Overall
8
Sources and year
1998
Spain *
Spain *
Country
Spain *
Male
12
Female
4
Overall
8
Sources and year
2013
North Macedonia
North Macedonia
Country
North Macedonia
Male
12
Female
3
Overall
8
Sources and year
2009
El Salvador
El Salvador
Country
El Salvador
Male
12
Female
3
Overall
8
Sources and year
2008
Italy
Italy
Country
Italy
Male
12
Female
3
Overall
8
Sources and year
2016
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
Country
Zimbabwe
Male
10
Female
5
Overall
7
Sources and year
1990
Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Country
Luxembourg
Male
13
Female
2
Overall
7
Sources and year
2008
Argentina
Argentina
Country
Argentina
Male
12
Female
3
Overall
9
Sources and year
2024
Ecuador
Ecuador
Country
Ecuador
Male
10
Female
3
Overall
7
Sources and year
2009
Mauritius
Mauritius
Country
Mauritius
Male
11
Female
1
Overall
6
Sources and year
2008
Costa Rica
Costa Rica
Country
Costa Rica
Male
10
Female
1
Overall
6
Sources and year
2009
Thailand
Thailand
Country
Thailand
Male
9
Female
2
Overall
6
Sources and year
2013
Mongolia
Mongolia
Country
Mongolia
Male
8
Female
3
Overall
5
Sources and year
2011
Israel
Israel
Country
Israel
Male
9
Female
2
Overall
5
Sources and year
2007
Nicaragua
Nicaragua
Country
Nicaragua
Male
9
Female
2
Overall
5
Sources and year
2006
Panama
Panama
Country
Panama
Male
9
Female
1
Overall
5
Sources and year
2008
Turkey
Turkey
Country
Turkey
Male
6
Female
1
Overall
4
Sources and year
2019
Colombia
Colombia
Country
Colombia
Male
7
Female
2
Overall
4
Sources and year
2007
Brazil
Brazil
Country
Brazil
Male
7
Female
2
Overall
4
Sources and year
2008
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Country
Uzbekistan
Male
7
Female
2
Overall
4
Sources and year
2005
Cambodia
Cambodia
Country
Cambodia
Overall
4
Sources and year
2008
Georgia
Georgia
Country
Georgia
Male
7
Female
1
Overall
4
Sources and year
2009
Albania
Albania
Country
Albania
Male
4
Female
3
Overall
4
Sources and year
2003
Country
Male
Female
Overall
Sources and year
Greenland * (Danish Realm)
75
25
53
2019
Lithuania *
32
6
18
2022
South Korea *
35
16
26
2021
Guyana *
41
10
25
2017
Kazakhstan *
40
8
23
2017
Slovenia
18
2016
Sri Lanka *
14
2018
Hungary
17
2016
Belarus *
20
2017
Taiwan (estimate)
20
2018
Ukraine *
22
2016
Uruguay *
37
9
23
2022
Latvia
18
2016
Moldova
15
2016
Serbia
13
2016
Belgium
17
2016
Japan *
23
10
16
2018
Taiwan (government data)
21
11
16
2022
Croatia
16
2016
Bhutan *
12
2017
Austria
23
7
13
2016
South Africa *
15
2005
Estonia
14
2016
France *
13
2023
Suriname
23
4
14
2005
Finland *
22
6
14
2016
European Union
10
2016
United States *
21
6
14
2017
Poland
12
2016
Russia *
13
2017
Bosnia and Herzegovina
13
2012
Czech Republic
11
2020
Germany
11
2016
Cuba
19
5
12
2008
Bulgaria
9
2016
New Zealand
19
5
12
2014–15
Hong Kong *
16
8
12
2011
Sweden *
11
2016
Portugal
8
2016
Romania *
10
2016
Norway
12
2016
United Kingdom *
11
2018
Canada *
16
5
11
2009
Iceland
12
2016
Chile
18
4
11
2007
Switzerland *
17
5
11
2011
Netherlands
18
6
12
2015
Trinidad and Tobago
17
3
10
2006
India *
13
7
10
2009

References

  1. The male-female ratio shown below is based on the age-standardized rates: as compared to WHO world standard population,
  2. Nevertheless, jumping from a high building as well as drowning were common methods of suicide in Taiwan, indicating the
  3. Furthermore, jumping from a high building as well as drowning were common methods of suicide in Taiwan.
  4. The first global estimates on suicide mortality began in the early 1980s, as a single World Bank-commissioned study on g
  5. In government's annual release, there were 3637 people per one hundred thousands of people in 2018 died of contacting po
  6. "Toenemend aantal zelfdodingen in Belgie"
    https://www.demorgen.be/dm/nl/5036/Binnenland/article/detail/1216317/2011/02/01/Toenemend-aantal-zelfdodingen-in-Belgie.dhtml
  7. The number of death in Belgium in 2008 due to suicide "zichzelf schade toebrengen" was reported at 2000 out of a total o
    http://statbel.fgov.be/nl/binaries/NL%20-%20Tableau%201%2E3_T_2008_tcm325-168456.pdf
  8. In government's annual release, there were 3637 people per one hundred thousands people in 2018 died of contacting poiso
  9. "About the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) project"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20131110231958/http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/about/en/
  10. "GBD History"
    http://www.healthdata.org/gbd/about/history
  11. Our World in Data
    https://ourworldindata.org/how-do-global-statistics-on-suicide-differ-between-sources
  12. World Health Organization
    https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/376869/9789240094703-eng.pdf?sequence=1
  13. www
    https://web.archive.org/web/20220121171053/https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/world_report/factsheets/en/selfdirectedviolfacts.pdf
  14. Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/inspired-life/wp/2016/08/31/men-die-by-suicide-at-alarming-rates-this-hashtag-tells-men-its-okay-to-talk-about-mental-health/
  15. Routledge International Handbook of Clinical Suicide Research
    https://books.google.com/books?id=jYlmAQAAQBAJ&q=gender+paradox+suicidal+behavior&pg=PA117
  16. Encyclopedia of Gender and Society
    https://books.google.com/books?id=Lr91AwAAQBAJ&q=gender+paradox+suicidal+behavior&pg=PT869
  17. www
    https://www.bcmj.org/articles/silent-epidemic-male-suicide
  18. World Health Organization
    https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/376869/9789240094703-eng.pdf?sequence=1
  19. www
    https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190313-why-more-men-kill-themselves-than-women
  20. www
    https://www.who.int/westernpacific/health-topics/suicide
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