| Year | Association | Category | Work | Result | Ref. |
| 2005 | Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie: Female Breakout Star | Guess Who | Nominated | |
| 2009 | Boston Society of Film Critics | Best Ensemble Cast | Star Trek | Won | |
| Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie Actress: Action | Nominated | |
| Washington DC Area Film Critics Association | Best Ensemble | Nominated | |
| Scream Awards | Best Science Fiction Actress | Nominated | |
| Breakout Performance – Female | Nominated | |
| Best Ensemble | Nominated | |
| BET Awards | Best Actress | Nominated | |
| Empire Awards | Best Actress | Avatar | Won | |
| Kids' Choice Awards | Cutest Couple (with Sam Worthington) | Nominated | |
| Favorite Movie Actress | Nominated |
| Scream Awards | Best Science Fiction Actress | Nominated | |
| Saturn Awards | Best Actress | Won | |
| Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie Actress: Sci-Fi | Won | |
| Choice Movie Actress: Action | The Losers | Nominated | |
| Choice Movie Actress: Comedy | Death at a Funeral | Nominated | |
| 2011 | BET Awards | Best Actress | Death at a Funeral | Nominated | |
| The Losers | Nominated | |
| 2012 | BET Awards | Best Actress | Colombiana | Nominated | |
| Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie Actress: Action | Won | |
| 2013 | Teen Choice Awards | Choice Summer Movie Star: Female | Star Trek Into Darkness | Nominated | |
| 2015 | Imagen Foundation Awards | Best Actress - Feature Film | Guardians of the Galaxy | Won | |
| 2016 | Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards | Favorite Butt-Kicker | Star Trek Beyond | Nominated | |
| Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie Actress: AnTEENcipated | Nominated | |
| 2017 | Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie Actress: Sci-Fi | Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 | Won | |
| Choice MovieShip | Nominated | |
| 2018 | Choice Liplock | Avengers: Infinity War | Nominated | |
| Choice Actress: Action | Nominated | |
| 2019 | Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards | Favorite Movie Actress | Nominated | |
| Favorite Butt-Kicker | Nominated | |
| Teen Choice Awards | Choice Actress: Action | Avengers: Endgame | Nominated | |
| 2022 | Hollywood Music in Media Awards | Best Original Song in a Feature Film | Avatar: The Way of Water | Nominated | |
| Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Awards | Best Motion Capture Performance | Won | |
| 2023 | Hollywood Critics Association Awards | Best Voice or Motion-Capture Performance | Nominated | |
| Austin Film Critics Association Awards | Best Voice Acting/Animated/Digital Performance | Nominated | |
| Latino Entertainment Journalists Association | Best Voice or Motion Capture Performance | Nominated | |
| Asia Content Awards & Global OTT Awards | Best Lead Actress | Special Ops: Lioness | Nominated | |
| 2024 | Astra Film Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Emilia Pérez | Won | |
| Astra Creative Arts Awards | Best Original Song | "El Mal" (from Emilia Pérez) | Nominated |
| Celebration of Cinema and Television | Groundbreaker Award | Emilia Pérez | Won | |
| Chicago Film Critics Association Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Nominated | |
| Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Won | |
| Elle's Women in Hollywood Celebration | The Risk Takers | Won | |
| Florida Film Critics Circle | Best Supporting Actress | Won | |
| Hollywood Music in Media Awards | Original Song – Feature Film | "El Mal" (from Emilia Pérez) | Nominated | |
| Song – Onscreen Performance (Film) | Won |
| Middleburg Film Festival | Spotlight Actor Award | Emilia Pérez | Won | |
| Mill Valley Film Festival | Outstanding Ensemble Performance | Won | |
| New York Film Critics Online Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Nominated | |