| Year | Association | Category | Nominated work | Result | Ref. |
| 2000 | Online Film Critics Society | Best Actor | American Psycho | Nominated | |
| 2007 | San Diego Film Critics Society | Body of Work | 3:10 to Yuma, Rescue Dawn, I'm Not There | Won | |
| Columbus Film Critics Association | Best Ensemble | 3:10 to Yuma | Nominated | |
| 2008 | Columbus Film Critics Association | Best Ensemble | The Dark Knight | Won | |
| 2010 | Alliance of Women Film Journalists | Best Actor in a Supporting Role | The Fighter | Won | |
| Austin Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Boston Society of Film Critics | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Best Ensemble Cast | Won |
| Columbus Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | Nominated | |
| Best Ensemble | Won |
| Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Denver Film Critics Society | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Detroit Film Critics Society | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Florida Film Critics Circle | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Houston Film Critics Society | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Indiana Film Journalists Association | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Iowa Film Critics | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Kansas City Film Critics Circle | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Las Vegas Film Critics Society | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| London Film Critics' Circle | British Actor of the Year | Won | |
| National Society of Film Critics | Best Supporting Actor | Nominated | |
| New York Film Critics Online | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| North Texas Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Online Film & Television Association | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Online Film Critics Society | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Phoenix Film Critics Society | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| San Diego Film Critics Society | Best Supporting Actor | Nominated | |
| Best Ensemble Performance | Nominated |
| Southeastern Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | Nominated | |
| Toronto Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | Nominated | |
| Utah Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Performance by an Actor | Won | |
| Vancouver Film Critics Circle | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association | Best Supporting Actor | Won | |
| Best Cast | Nominated |
| 2013 | Phoenix Film Critics Society | Best Ensemble Acting | American Hustle | Won | |
| Columbus Film Critics Association | Best Ensemble | Won | |
| Denver Film Critics Society | Best Actor | Nominated | |
| Houston Film Critics Society | Best Actor | Nominated | |
| St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association | Best Actor | Nominated | |
| 2018 | Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association | Best Actor | Vice | Won | |
| Detroit Film Critics Society | Best Ensemble | Won | |
| Houston Film Critics Society | Best Actor | Won | |
| Alliance of Women Film Journalists | Best Actor | Nominated | |
| Austin Film Critics Association | Nominated | |
| Chicago Film Critics Association | Best Actor | Nominated | |
| Chicago Independent Film Critics Circle | Best Actor | Nominated | |
| Denver Film Critics Society | Best Actor | Nominated | |
| Detroit Film Critics Society | Best Actor | Nominated | |
| Dublin Film Critics Circle | Best Actor | Nominated | |