Topzle Topzle

List of apple cultivars

Updated: Wikipedia source

List of apple cultivars

Over 7,500 cultivars of the culinary or eating apple (Malus domestica) are known. Some are extremely important economically as commercial products, though the vast majority are not suitable for mass production. In the following list, use for "eating" means that the fruit is consumed raw, rather than cooked. Cultivars used primarily for making cider are indicated. Those varieties marked agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. This list does not include the species and varieties of apples collectively known as crab apples, which are grown primarily for ornamental purposes, though they may be used to make jelly or compote. These are described under Malus.

Tables

· Table of apples › Abbreviations
AC
AC
Abbreviations
AC
Full form
Apple canker
Abbreviations
AM
Full form
Award of Merit
AS
AS
Abbreviations
AS
Full form
Apple scab
Abbreviations
AGM
Full form
RHS Award of Garden Merit
C, VitC
C, VitC
Abbreviations
C, VitC
Full form
Vitamin C mg/100g
Abbreviations
BB
Full form
Biennial bearing
FCC
FCC
Abbreviations
FCC
Full form
First Class Certificat
Abbreviations
DBH
Full form
Days from full bloom to harvest
PW
PW
Abbreviations
PW
Full form
Powdery mildew
Abbreviations
P
Full form
Parentage
RHS
RHS
Abbreviations
RHS
Full form
Royal Horticultural Society
Abbreviations
r
Full form
Resistant
PickG Pickg
PickG Pickg
Abbreviations
PickG Pickg
Full form
Harvest time in Germany
Abbreviations
Pick45
Full form
Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 45 °F (7 °C)
PickE Picke
PickE Picke
Abbreviations
PickE Picke
Full form
Harvest time in south England
Abbreviations
Pick50
Full form
Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 50 °F (10 °C)
s
s
Abbreviations
s
Full form
Susceptible
Abbreviations
Pick55
Full form
Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 55 °F (13 °C)
TA
TA
Abbreviations
TA
Full form
Titratable acidity %
Abbreviations
SS
Full form
Soluble solids %
TRI
TRI
Abbreviations
TRI
Full form
Triploid
Languages
Languages
Abbreviations
Languages
cs.
cs.
Abbreviations
cs.
Full form
Czech (Čeština)
Abbreviations
da.
Full form
Danish (Dansk)
de.
de.
Abbreviations
de.
Full form
German (Deutsch)
Abbreviations
fr.
Full form
French (Français)
hu.
hu.
Abbreviations
hu.
Full form
Hungarian (Magyar)
Abbreviations
nl.
Full form
Dutch (Nederland)
no.
no.
Abbreviations
no.
Full form
Norwegian (Norsk)
Abbreviations
pl.
Full form
Polish (Polski)
ru.
ru.
Abbreviations
ru.
Full form
Russian (Русский; Russky)
Abbreviations
sv.
Full form
Swedish (Svenska)
Abbreviations
Full form
Abbreviations
Full form
AC
Apple canker
AM
Award of Merit
AS
Apple scab
AGM
RHS Award of Garden Merit
C, VitC
Vitamin C mg/100g
BB
Biennial bearing
FCC
First Class Certificat
DBH
Days from full bloom to harvest
PW
Powdery mildew
P
Parentage
RHS
Royal Horticultural Society
r
Resistant
PickG Pickg
Harvest time in Germany
Pick45
Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 45 °F (7 °C)
PickE Picke
Harvest time in south England
Pick50
Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 50 °F (10 °C)
s
Susceptible
Pick55
Harvest time at places with a mean annual temperature of 55 °F (13 °C)
TA
Titratable acidity %
SS
Soluble solids %
TRI
Triploid
Languages
cs.
Czech (Čeština)
da.
Danish (Dansk)
de.
German (Deutsch)
fr.
French (Français)
hu.
Hungarian (Magyar)
nl.
Dutch (Nederland)
no.
Norwegian (Norsk)
pl.
Polish (Polski)
ru.
Russian (Русский; Russky)
sv.
Swedish (Svenska)
· Table of apples › A
Abbondanza (a . Belfort)
Abbondanza (a . Belfort)
Common name
Abbondanza (a . Belfort)
Origin
Italy
First developed
1896
Comment
Width 70–75 mm, height 65 mm. Cold Storage 3 °C 150 days.
Use
Cooking
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-October. Use January–March
Abram (a . Abraham, Abraham's apple, Father Abram, Father Abraham, de. Abraham's Apfel)
Abram (a . Abraham, Abraham's apple, Father Abram, Father Abraham, de. Abraham's Apfel)
Common name
Abram (a . Abraham, Abraham's apple, Father Abram, Father Abraham, de. Abraham's Apfel)
Origin
US
First developed
<1755
Comment
A small apple with red flush. Flesh white, tender, subacid. It was likely brought to the US by settlers from northern Germany where it was grown as the Danziger Kantapfel.
Use
Cooking, Eating
Pick/Use period
Use October–March
Acheson
Acheson
Common name
Acheson
Origin
Alberta, Canada
First developed
Introduced 1941
Comment
Fruit large, greenish yellow. Parentage Delicious x unknown.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use August–September
Acklam Russet
Acklam Russet
Common name
Acklam Russet
Origin
Yorkshire, England
First developed
1768
Comment
A small russet apple. Cells ovate, axile. An excellent dessert apple of first rate quality.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-October. Use November–March.
Adams Pearmain (a . Adam's Parmane, cs. Adamsova parména, de. Adams Parmäne, sv. Adams parmän)
Adams Pearmain (a . Adam's Parmane, cs. Adamsova parména, de. Adams Parmäne, sv. Adams parmän)
Common name
Adams Pearmain (a . Adam's Parmane, cs. Adamsova parména, de. Adams Parmäne, sv. Adams parmän)
Origin
Norfolk or Herefordshire, England
First developed
Introduced 1826
Comment
A dessert apple. First introduced under the name "Norfolk Pippin". Width 64 mm (2 in), height 63 mm (2 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh pale yellow, crisp, fine-textured, firm, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early- to mid-October.
Adersleber Calville (cs. Aderslebenský kalvil)
Adersleber Calville (cs. Aderslebenský kalvil)
Common name
Adersleber Calville (cs. Aderslebenský kalvil)
Origin
Saxony, Germany
First developed
1830–1840
Comment
A green apple with red flush. Width 72 mm (2 in), height 58 mm (2 in). Stalk 16 mm (0 in). Parentage Calville blanc d'Hiver x Alexander. Flesh; aromatic, subacid to sweet. VitC 10. Cold Storage 0 °C 150 days.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-September. PickG mid–late October. Use November–January.
Adina (a . Frankad, Satark)
Adina (a . Frankad, Satark)
Common name
Adina (a . Frankad, Satark)
Origin
Queensland, Australia
First developed
1950s, introduced in 1988
Comment
A large red apple. Flesh firm, juicy, sweet, very good. Tree vigorous. Parentage Golden Delicious x William's Favourite
Use
Eating
Admiral (cs. Admirál)
Admiral (cs. Admirál)
Common name
Admiral (cs. Admirál)
Origin
Czech Republic
First developed
2012
Comment
New very popular variety. Flesh firm, crisp, juicy with very good taste. Robust, healthy, scab resistant variety with excellent keeping qualities and taste.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early October
Advance (a . Laxton Advance)
Advance (a . Laxton Advance)
Common name
Advance (a . Laxton Advance)
Origin
Bedford, England
First developed
Raised 1908, introduced 1929
Comment
Early dessert apple. Medium size. Yellow with brown-red flush. Award of Merit from RHS in 1932. Flesh; greenish white, soft, fine-textured, juicy, aromatic.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early- to mid-August; use August–September
Adzamovka
Adzamovka
Common name
Adzamovka
Origin
Croatia
Comment
A yellow conical apple with red stripes. Width 60–70 mm (2 –2 in), height 50–60 mm (2 –2 in), weight 110–150 g (3 –5 oz). Flesh juicy, subacid.
Use
Eating, cider
Pick/Use period
Use November
Ahrina
Ahrina
Common name
Ahrina
Origin
Germany
First developed
1993
Comment
A large roundish apple. Flesh juicy, subacid.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick late September; use November–February
Ahrista
Ahrista
Common name
Ahrista
Origin
Ahrensburg, Germany
Use
Eating
Aia Ilu
Aia Ilu
Common name
Aia Ilu
Origin
Estonia
First developed
1946
Comment
A large apple, weighing 250–300 g (8 –10 oz). Yellow skin, juicy flesh, bittersweet with a weak aroma.
Use
Eating
Airlie Red Flesh (a . Newell-Kimzey)
Airlie Red Flesh (a . Newell-Kimzey)
Common name
Airlie Red Flesh (a . Newell-Kimzey)
Origin
Airlie, Oregon, US
First developed
c. 1961
Comment
A large, conic apple. Light yellow-green skin strewn with white dots, occasionally with a faint reddish orange blush. Light pink to deep red flesh is crisp, sweet and mildly tart.
Use
Eating
Akane (a . Tohoko)
Akane (a . Tohoko)
Common name
Akane (a . Tohoko)
Origin
Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan
First developed
Cross made 1939, selected 1953, introduced 1970.
Comment
A red apple. Parentage Jonathan × Worcester Pearmain. Tangy taste. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick45 August 21. PickE mid- to late-August. PickG mid-August.
Åkerö
Åkerö
Common name
Åkerö
Origin
Sweden
First developed
Possibly 1759
Comment
Apple is egg-shaped, medium to large in size, sweet and aromatic. Width 68 mm (2 in), height 68 mm (2 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0 –0 in). Grown mostly in Sweden and Estonia.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Best in November; keeps until February
Akin
Akin
Common name
Akin
Origin
Illinois, US
First developed
1831
Comment
Tree vigorous. Width 68 mm (2 in), height 52 mm (2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0 in). Flesh is yellow, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use January–June
Alamanka
Alamanka
Common name
Alamanka
Origin
North Macedonia
Comment
A green apple (round to conical) with red stripes. Weight 100 g (3 oz). Flesh is juicy, subacid with poor aroma.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick October; use November
Alantapfel (a . Princesse Noble)
Alantapfel (a . Princesse Noble)
Common name
Alantapfel (a . Princesse Noble)
Origin
Germany
First developed
<1750
Comment
An oblong apple. Width 56–63 mm (2 –2 in), height 59–73 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 13–16 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh is sugary, aromatic.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick October; use December–March
Alaska
Alaska
Common name
Alaska
Origin
California, US
First developed
Introduced 1944
Comment
Flesh is white. Tree is a heavy producer.
Use
Eating
Albrechtapfel (a . Prinz Albrecht von Preussen)
Albrechtapfel (a . Prinz Albrecht von Preussen)
Common name
Albrechtapfel (a . Prinz Albrecht von Preussen)
Origin
Germany
First developed
1865
Comment
Parentage Alexander x unknown. Width 60–85 mm (2 –3 in), height 55–63 mm (2 –2 in), weight 80–200 g (2 –7 oz). Stalk 10–30 mm (0 –1 in). Flesh is soft, juicy, subacid. Cold Storage 4 °C 90 days. VitC 9. Density 0
Use
Eating, cooking
Pick/Use period
PickG late September–mid-October. Use October–December
Albury Park Nonsuch
Albury Park Nonsuch
Common name
Albury Park Nonsuch
Origin
Surrey, England
First developed
<1892
Comment
Yellow with red flush. AM from RHS in 1892. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid.
Use
Cooking
Pick/Use period
Use December–March
Aldenham Purple
Aldenham Purple
Common name
Aldenham Purple
Origin
Hertfordshire, England
First developed
1925
Comment
A red apple. Width 63 mm (2 in), height 48 mm (1 in). Stalk 15–25 mm (0 –0 in)
Use
Eating, cooking
Pick/Use period
Pick September; use September–October
Alderman
Alderman
Common name
Alderman
Origin
Scotland
First developed
Before 1923
Comment
A golden yellow apple. Width 90 mm (3 in), height 71 mm (2 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh is white, very firm, coarse-textured, crisp, moderately juicy, acid.
Use
Baking
Pick/Use period
Pick mid-September; use October–December
Alexander (a . Emperor Alexander, de. Kaiser Alexander, fr. Grand-Alexandre, pl. Aporta, ru. Aporta, Gusevkoe, Aport ukraininskii, Aport osennii)
Alexander (a . Emperor Alexander, de. Kaiser Alexander, fr. Grand-Alexandre, pl. Aporta, ru. Aporta, Gusevkoe, Aport ukraininskii, Aport osennii)
Common name
Alexander (a . Emperor Alexander, de. Kaiser Alexander, fr. Grand-Alexandre, pl. Aporta, ru. Aporta, Gusevkoe, Aport ukraininskii, Aport osennii)
Origin
Russia
First developed
<1800
Comment
A very large apple. Width 95–110 mm (3 –4 in), height 75–90 mm (3 –3 in). Stalk 11–18 mm (0 –0 in). Cells ovate, axile. Flesh is a faint yellow, firm, crisp, very soft, mild subacid, fair to good. Tree is vigorous. Particularly attractive blossom.
Use
Eating, cooking, baking, drying
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-September; use September–December
Alfriston
Alfriston
Common name
Alfriston
Origin
Sussex, England
First developed
Late 1700s
Comment
Raised at Uckfield Sussex by Mr Shepherd. A large acid green apple. Flesh; pale yellow, crisp, yellow, subacid, pear-like flavour. Cells elliptical, abaxile. Award of Merit from RHS in 1920. Width 83 mm (3 in), height 76 mm (3 in).
Use
Cooking, Juice
Pick/Use period
PickE early October; use November–April
Alice
Alice
Common name
Alice
Origin
Sweden
First developed
1964
Comment
Medium size. Yellow with red stripes. Flesh juicy, aromatic. Parentage Ingrid Marie x Gyllenkroks Astrakan.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late August–early September; use September–October
Alkmene agm
Alkmene agm
Common name
Alkmene agm
Origin
Germany
First developed
1930
Comment
Parentage Cox's Orange Pippin × Doktor Oldenburg. Width 58 mm (2 in), height 58 mm (2 in), weight 120 g (4 oz). Flesh is crisp, aromatic, juicy, subacid to sweet. Stalk 9–20 mm (0 –0 in). Cold Stoprage 4 °C 90 days. Density 0
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late September. PickG early–mid-September. Pickg September 4–15. Use September–November
Allen's Everlasting
Allen's Everlasting
Common name
Allen's Everlasting
First developed
Before 1864
Comment
Late-keeping desert apple. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1899. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh is greenish-white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, fair.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-October; use February–April
Allington Pippin
Allington Pippin
Common name
Allington Pippin
Origin
Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
First developed
1880s, introduced 1896
Comment
A versatile English dessert apple raised by horticulturalist Thomas Laxton some time before 1884. Exhibited as Brown's South Lincoln Beauty, the name was changed to Allington Pippin by Bunyard Nursery in 1896. A cross of Cox's Orange Pippin and King of the Pippins. Flesh is creamy white, fine textured, aromatic, with a pineapple-like flavour. The a
Use
Eating, cooking, dessert
Pick/Use period
PickE late September–early October; use October–February
All Summer
All Summer
Common name
All Summer
Origin
Pennsylvania, US
First developed
Before 1850
Comment
Flesh is white, tender, very good. Tree uas slow growth is an annual bearer, and is productive. Stalk slender.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use July–August
Almeda
Almeda
Common name
Almeda
Origin
Tennessee, US
First developed
Introduced 1939
Comment
Fruit large, green. Flesh subacid.
Use
Cooking
Pick/Use period
Ripens 25 July–5 August
Altländer Pfannkuchenapfel
Altländer Pfannkuchenapfel
Common name
Altländer Pfannkuchenapfel
Origin
Germany
First developed
1840
Comment
Width 67 mm (2 in), height 51 mm (2 in), weight 115 g (4 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh is crisp, dry, acid. Cold storage 1-2 °C 180 days. VitC 14. Density 0
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid- to late October. Pick G late October. Use March–May
Alvanija (a . Elvanija, Ilvanija)
Alvanija (a . Elvanija, Ilvanija)
Common name
Alvanija (a . Elvanija, Ilvanija)
Origin
Croatia
Comment
A green oblong apple with red flush. Width 60–75 mm (2 –3 in), height 65–80 mm (2 –3 in), weight 110–140 g (3 –4 oz). Flesh is firm, juicy.
Use
Eating, cooking, cider
Pick/Use period
Use October
Ambrosia
Ambrosia
Common name
Ambrosia
Origin
British Columbia, Canada
First developed
1980s
Comment
Medium to large in size, mostly red coloration with yellow patches. Has cream-coloured flesh with a sweet, crisp, aromatic flavour and low acidity. Ambrosia trees are hardy and no major disadvantages have yet been identified.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5.
American Beauty
American Beauty
Common name
American Beauty
Origin
Massachusetts, US
First developed
Before 1855
Comment
Tree vigorous, productive, annual bearer. Stalk short. Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April
American Golden Pippin (a . Golden Pippin, Ribbed Pippin, Golding, New York Greening, Newtown Greening, Golden Apple)
American Golden Pippin (a . Golden Pippin, Ribbed Pippin, Golding, New York Greening, Newtown Greening, Golden Apple)
Common name
American Golden Pippin (a . Golden Pippin, Ribbed Pippin, Golding, New York Greening, Newtown Greening, Golden Apple)
Origin
US
First developed
Before 1850
Comment
Yellow with russet. Flesh is yellowish, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Width 79 mm (3 in), height 65 mm (2 in). Stalk 16 mm (0 in). Tree does not bear young.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use November–February
American Golden Russet (a . Golden Russet, Sheep Nose, Bullock's Pippin, Little Pearmain)
American Golden Russet (a . Golden Russet, Sheep Nose, Bullock's Pippin, Little Pearmain)
Common name
American Golden Russet (a . Golden Russet, Sheep Nose, Bullock's Pippin, Little Pearmain)
Origin
US
First developed
Late 1700s
Comment
Yellow with brown overcolour and grey russet. Width 64–74 mm (2 –2 in), height 58–72 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 13–23 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy sugary, lightly aromatic, best.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early to mid-October. Use October–January
American Melon (see Melon American)
American Melon (see Melon American)
Common name
American Melon (see Melon American)
American Mother (see Mother)
American Mother (see Mother)
Common name
American Mother (see Mother)
American Summer Pearmain (see Summer Pearmain American)
American Summer Pearmain (see Summer Pearmain American)
Common name
American Summer Pearmain (see Summer Pearmain American)
Anabela
Anabela
Common name
Anabela
Origin
Brazil
First developed
Introduced 1995
Comment
Parentage Gala x Anna. A yellow apple with (30–40%) red flush. Flesh is juicy, sweet, very good. Tree vigorous.
Use
Eating
Ananas Reinette (cs. Ananasová reneta, de. Ananas Renette, fr. Reinette ananas, pl. Reneta Ananasowa, ru. Ananasnîi renet)
Ananas Reinette (cs. Ananasová reneta, de. Ananas Renette, fr. Reinette ananas, pl. Reneta Ananasowa, ru. Ananasnîi renet)
Common name
Ananas Reinette (cs. Ananasová reneta, de. Ananas Renette, fr. Reinette ananas, pl. Reneta Ananasowa, ru. Ananasnîi renet)
Origin
Netherlands
First developed
Before 1800
Comment
A small yellow apple with pineapple flavor. Width 48–65 mm (1 –2 in), height 52–65 mm (2 –2 in). Weight 115 g (4 oz). Stalk 11–20 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh is crisp, juicy, aromatic, acid. VitC 21.
Use
Eating, juice
Pick/Use period
PickE early October. PickG mid- to late October. Use December–February
Anisovka (a . Anis koritschnevoje, Anis polosatyiy)
Anisovka (a . Anis koritschnevoje, Anis polosatyiy)
Common name
Anisovka (a . Anis koritschnevoje, Anis polosatyiy)
Origin
Russia
First developed
Before 1850
Comment
Medium size, round, greenish yellow with red stripes.
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
Pick September; use October–December
Anna
Anna
Common name
Anna
Origin
Israel
First developed
Introduced 1963
Comment
Colour is yellow with a red blush. Parentage Red Hadassiya x Golden Delicious. This variety does not grow well in the cold and prefers heat and humidity. Tree is annually productive.
Use
Eating
Anna Boelens
Anna Boelens
Common name
Anna Boelens
Origin
Netherlands
First developed
1914, introduced 1934
Comment
A green apple with red overcolor(40-70%). Width 77 mm, height 58 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. Parentage Cox Orange x Berlepsch.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use October - November
Annie Elizabeth
Annie Elizabeth
Common name
Annie Elizabeth
Origin
Leicester, Leicestershire, England
First developed
1857, introduced 1868
Comment
Large yellow apple, FCC from RHS in 1868. Width 79–87 mm (3 –3 in), height 63–65 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 9–18 mm (0 –0 in). Cells, obovate, abaxile ; creamy white, firm, coarse-textured, dry acid. Cooks well, breaks up completely.
Use
Cooking
Pick/Use period
PickE late September–early October; use November–April
Annurca
Annurca
Common name
Annurca
Origin
Campania, Italy
First developed
1876 (documented)
Comment
Very old apple; possibly one of the oldest of all. Believed to be much older than first mention in Pasquale's Manuale di Arboricultura, 1876. May be related to apples found in frescoes found in Herculaneum or Pompeii if not the same one.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late October. Use November–January.
Antonovka (a . Possarts Nalivia, de. Antonowka, fr. Antonovca, pl. Antónówka zwykla, ru. Antonoka Obîknovennaia)
Antonovka (a . Possarts Nalivia, de. Antonowka, fr. Antonovca, pl. Antónówka zwykla, ru. Antonoka Obîknovennaia)
Common name
Antonovka (a . Possarts Nalivia, de. Antonowka, fr. Antonovca, pl. Antónówka zwykla, ru. Antonoka Obîknovennaia)
Origin
Kursk, Russia
First developed
Before 1800
Comment
A very old Russian variety, often planted at dachas. Apples are large, yellow-green and bracingly tart to eat out of hand, but superb for cooking, as they keep their shape. Width 55–70 mm (2 –2 in), height 55–70 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 10 mm (0 in). Extremely tolerant of cold weather, and because it produces a single, deep taproot (unusual amo
Use
Cooking, cider
Pick/Use period
PickE early September. Use October–December
Antonovka Safrannoje
Antonovka Safrannoje
Common name
Antonovka Safrannoje
Origin
Russia
First developed
1909
Comment
A large yellow apple with red flush. Parentage Antonovka x Renet Orleanski
Use
Eating, cooking
Apfel aus Grignon
Apfel aus Grignon
Common name
Apfel aus Grignon
First developed
Before 1800
Comment
A yellow apple with red flush and russet. Width 82 mm (3 in), height 66 mm (2 in). Stalk 30 mm (1 in).
Use
Eating, cooking
Pick/Use period
Use December–March
Api (a . Lady Apple)
Api (a . Lady Apple)
Common name
Api (a . Lady Apple)
Origin
France
First developed
1628
Comment
Very tiny apple. Would fit in the palm of the hand of an adult. Width 52–56 mm (2 –2 in), height 32–42 mm (1 –1 in). Stalk 5–9 mm (0 –0 in).
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-October. Use January–May.
Api Etoile (a . Star Apple, Star Lady Apple, cs. Api hvězdovité, de. Sternapi)
Api Etoile (a . Star Apple, Star Lady Apple, cs. Api hvězdovité, de. Sternapi)
Common name
Api Etoile (a . Star Apple, Star Lady Apple, cs. Api hvězdovité, de. Sternapi)
Origin
Switzerland or France
First developed
1600s
Comment
A small star shaped apple. It has light green and pink skin. Its thick and waxy skin protects its flesh from moisture.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid to late October.
Api Noir (a . Black Lady Apple)
Api Noir (a . Black Lady Apple)
Common name
Api Noir (a . Black Lady Apple)
Origin
France
First developed
Late 1700s
Comment
A desert apple, inferior to the Api.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid to late October. Use December–April.
Aport
Aport
Common name
Aport
Origin
Kazakhstan
First developed
1865
Comment
Several subcultivars exist. A dessert apple. Produced as a hybrid between the domestic apple, M. Domestica, and a wild apple, Malus sieversii.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE in Autumn.
Apple of Commerce 1 (see Beach); Apple of Commerce 2 (see Collins)
Apple of Commerce 1 (see Beach); Apple of Commerce 2 (see Collins)
Common name
Apple of Commerce 1 (see Beach); Apple of Commerce 2 (see Collins)
Apollo
Apollo
Common name
Apollo
Origin
Germany
First developed
1976
Comment
Cox's Orange Pippin × Geheimrat Dr. Oldenburg. Width 69 mm (2 in), height 59 mm (2 in), weight 140 g (4 oz). Stalk 13 mm (0 in). Flesh is soft, juicy, aromatic, subacid to sweet.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickG early–mid-September; use September–October
Arapka (a . Bugarka)
Arapka (a . Bugarka)
Common name
Arapka (a . Bugarka)
Origin
Montenegro
Comment
A red oblong conical apple. Width 61 mm (2 in), height 66 mm (2 in). Weight 118 g (4 oz). Flesh soft, juicy, sweet, subacid, with a pronounced flavour.
Use
Cooking
Pick/Use period
Use October–May
Ard Cairn Russet
Ard Cairn Russet
Common name
Ard Cairn Russet
Origin
Cork, Ireland
First developed
c. 1890
Comment
Medium-sized long-keeping dessert apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1910. Width 69 mm (2 in), height 63 mm (2 in). Stalk variable. Flesh; creamy white, firm, slightly aromatic flavour. Tree vigorous.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late September–early October; use October–January
Ariane
Ariane
Common name
Ariane
Origin
Angers, France
First developed
2002
Comment
Scab resistant. Developed at the National Institute of Agricultural Research in France. Parentage (Florina x Prima) x (Golden Delicious x unknown)
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick with Golden Delicious
Arkansas Black (a . Arkansas, Mammoth Black Twig)
Arkansas Black (a . Arkansas, Mammoth Black Twig)
Common name
Arkansas Black (a . Arkansas, Mammoth Black Twig)
Origin
Arkansas, US
First developed
c. 1870
Comment
Hard and crunchy; stores well. Width 69 mm (2 in), height 60 mm (2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0 in). Very deep red, appearing black from a distance. Flesh is yellow, firm, tender, juicy, subacid, crisp, good.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick45 October 22. Pick55 October 15. PickE late October. Use December–May
Arlet
Arlet
Common name
Arlet
Origin
Dietikon, Switzerland
First developed
Introduced 1984
Comment
Width 72 mm, height 66 mm. Parentage Golden Delicious x Idared. 55-100% Red overcolor. Flesh is crisp, juicy, aromatic, subacid.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickG early–mid-October. Use November–February.
Armorel
Armorel
Common name
Armorel
Origin
Newbury, Berkshire, England
First developed
Introduced 1893
Comment
A small yellow apple with russet. FCC from RHS in 1892. Flesh crisp, good.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use February–May
Aroma
Aroma
Common name
Aroma
Origin
Balsgård, Fjälkestad, Sweden
First developed
1947, Introduced 1973.
Comment
A yellow apple with red flush. Width 63 mm (2 in), height 58 mm (2 in). Parentage Ingrid Marie x Filippa.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early October. Use November–December
Aromatic Russet (fr. Rouge Aromatisée)
Aromatic Russet (fr. Rouge Aromatisée)
Common name
Aromatic Russet (fr. Rouge Aromatisée)
Origin
England
First developed
<1831
Comment
Width 55 mm, height 50 mm. Flesh is greenish white, firm, subacid, aromatic.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-October. Use November–February
Arreskov
Arreskov
Common name
Arreskov
Origin
Denmark
First developed
Before 1860
Comment
A yellow apple with a pleasant aroma reminiscent of gravenstein. Width 77–85 mm (3 –3 in), height 66–75 mm (2 –3 in). Stalk 8–15 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh is firm, dry, aromatic, subacid. Tree vigorous.
Use
Eating, juice, drying.
Pick/Use period
Pick September. Use September–October.
Arthur Turner agm
Arthur Turner agm
Common name
Arthur Turner agm
Origin
Buckinghamshire, England
First developed
Before 1912, introduced 1914
Comment
Width 80–88 mm (3 –3 in), height 48–76 mm (1 –3 in). Stalk 10–16 mm (0 –0 in). Large golden cooker: prone to mildew but scab resistant. Award of Merit from RHS in 1912. Flesh is creamy white, coarse-textured, dry, subacid. Parentage Alfriston x unknown.
Use
Cooking, baking
Pick/Use period
PickE late September; use September–November
Arthur W. Barnes
Arthur W. Barnes
Common name
Arthur W. Barnes
Origin
Chester, England
First developed
Raised 1902, introduced 1928
Comment
Parentage Gascoyne's Scarlet x Cox Orange. A yellow apple with red flush. Width 82 mm (3 in), height 70 mm (2 in). Stalk medium. Flesh is white, firm, fine textured, very juicy, acid.
Use
Cooking
Pick/Use period
PickE mid- to late September; use November–March
Ashmead's Kernelagm
Ashmead's Kernelagm
Common name
Ashmead's Kernelagm
Origin
Gloucestershire, England
First developed
c. 1700
Comment
Flesh is pale yellow, juicy, subacid and very aromatic. Width 54–64 mm (2 –2 in), height 54–57 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 7–12 mm (0 –0 in). Cells obovate, axile, slit.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early–mid-October; use December–February
Ashmore
Ashmore
Common name
Ashmore
Origin
US
First developed
Before 1840
Comment
Width 85 mm (3 in), height 66 mm (2 in). Stalk 11 mm (0 in). Flesh is yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, subacid, very good.
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
Use September–October
Astillisch
Astillisch
Common name
Astillisch
Origin
Germany
First developed
Raised 1929
Comment
Parentage Red Astrachan x Signe Tillisch. Width 63–70 mm, height 56 mm. Flesh yellowish-white, juicy, soft, subacid.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick August. Use August.
Astramel
Astramel
Common name
Astramel
Origin
Jork, Germany
Comment
Parentage Red Astrachan x (James Grieve x Melba).
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickG and use early–mid-August
Atalanta
Atalanta
Common name
Atalanta
Origin
England
First developed
Before 1891, introduced 1893
Comment
Lemon yellow with red streaks. AM from RHS in 1891. Tree vigorous.
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late September–early October. Use November–January
Atha
Atha
Common name
Atha
Origin
Cullman County, Alabama
First developed
Selected c. 1915. Introduced c. 1930.
Comment
Parentage Red Astrachan x unknown. Tree nearly resembles Yellow Transparent, but is more vigorous and has less tendency to biennial bearing.
Atlas
Atlas
Common name
Atlas
Origin
Ottawa, Canada
First developed
selected 1912, introduced 1924
Comment
A truncate conical yellow apple with red stripes. Width 67 mm (2 in), height 67 mm (2 in). Hardiness zone 4a.
Use
Eating, cooking
Pick/Use period
PickE early September; use October–December
Auksis
Auksis
Common name
Auksis
Origin
Lithuania
First developed
1951
Comment
McIntosh x Gravenstein
Use
Eating
Auralia (see Tumanga)
Auralia (see Tumanga)
Common name
Auralia (see Tumanga)
Aurora Golden Gala
Aurora Golden Gala
Common name
Aurora Golden Gala
Origin
British Columbia, Canada
First developed
2003
Comment
Dessert apple; medium size, sweet, juicy, crisp, firm, very long storage life. Width 83 mm (3 in), height 77 mm (3 in). Weight 265–288 g (9 –10 oz). Stalk 21–33 mm (0 –1 in). P Splendour x Gala. SS 14 , TA 0 .
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick early October. Use October–March.
Ausbacher Roter (a . Ausbacher Rotapfel)
Ausbacher Roter (a . Ausbacher Rotapfel)
Common name
Ausbacher Roter (a . Ausbacher Rotapfel)
Origin
Ausbach, Hesse, Germany
First developed
1770, introduced 1870
Comment
A yellow apple with red flush. Width 77 mm (3 in), height 70 mm (2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0 in). Tree vigorous. Flesh is white to greenish yellow, subacid. Quality: cooking good, eating fair.
Use
Cooking
Pick/Use period
Pick late September; use October–April
Common name
Image
Origin
First developed
Comment
Use
Pick/Use period
Abbondanza (a . Belfort)
Italy
1896
Width 70–75 mm, height 65 mm. Cold Storage 3 °C 150 days.
Cooking
PickE mid-October. Use January–March
Abram (a . Abraham, Abraham's apple, Father Abram, Father Abraham, de. Abraham's Apfel)
US
<1755
A small apple with red flush. Flesh white, tender, subacid. It was likely brought to the US by settlers from northern Germany where it was grown as the Danziger Kantapfel.
Cooking, Eating
Use October–March
Acheson
Alberta, Canada
Introduced 1941
Fruit large, greenish yellow. Parentage Delicious x unknown.
Eating
Use August–September
Acklam Russet
Yorkshire, England
1768
A small russet apple. Cells ovate, axile. An excellent dessert apple of first rate quality.
Eating
PickE mid-October. Use November–March.
Adams Pearmain (a . Adam's Parmane, cs. Adamsova parména, de. Adams Parmäne, sv. Adams parmän)
Norfolk or Herefordshire, England
Introduced 1826
A dessert apple. First introduced under the name "Norfolk Pippin". Width 64 mm (2 in), height 63 mm (2 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Flesh pale yellow, crisp, fine-textured, firm, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good.
Eating
PickE early- to mid-October.
Adersleber Calville (cs. Aderslebenský kalvil)
Saxony, Germany
1830–1840
A green apple with red flush. Width 72 mm (2 in), height 58 mm (2 in). Stalk 16 mm (0 in). Parentage Calville blanc d'Hiver x Alexander. Flesh; aromatic, subacid to sweet. VitC 10. Cold Storage 0 °C 150 days.
Eating
PickE mid-September. PickG mid–late October. Use November–January.
Adina (a . Frankad, Satark)
Queensland, Australia
1950s, introduced in 1988
A large red apple. Flesh firm, juicy, sweet, very good. Tree vigorous. Parentage Golden Delicious x William's Favourite
Eating
Admiral (cs. Admirál)
Czech Republic
2012
New very popular variety. Flesh firm, crisp, juicy with very good taste. Robust, healthy, scab resistant variety with excellent keeping qualities and taste.
Eating
PickE early October
Advance (a . Laxton Advance)
Bedford, England
Raised 1908, introduced 1929
Early dessert apple. Medium size. Yellow with brown-red flush. Award of Merit from RHS in 1932. Flesh; greenish white, soft, fine-textured, juicy, aromatic.
Eating
PickE early- to mid-August; use August–September
Adzamovka
Croatia
A yellow conical apple with red stripes. Width 60–70 mm (2 –2 in), height 50–60 mm (2 –2 in), weight 110–150 g (3 –5 oz). Flesh juicy, subacid.
Eating, cider
Use November
Ahrina
Germany
1993
A large roundish apple. Flesh juicy, subacid.
Eating
Pick late September; use November–February
Ahrista
Ahrensburg, Germany
Eating
Aia Ilu
Estonia
1946
A large apple, weighing 250–300 g (8 –10 oz). Yellow skin, juicy flesh, bittersweet with a weak aroma.
Eating
Airlie Red Flesh (a . Newell-Kimzey)
Airlie, Oregon, US
c. 1961
A large, conic apple. Light yellow-green skin strewn with white dots, occasionally with a faint reddish orange blush. Light pink to deep red flesh is crisp, sweet and mildly tart.
Eating
Akane (a . Tohoko)
Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan
Cross made 1939, selected 1953, introduced 1970.
A red apple. Parentage Jonathan × Worcester Pearmain. Tangy taste. Flesh is white, firm, crisp, juicy, subacid.
Eating
Pick45 August 21. PickE mid- to late-August. PickG mid-August.
Åkerö
Sweden
Possibly 1759
Apple is egg-shaped, medium to large in size, sweet and aromatic. Width 68 mm (2 in), height 68 mm (2 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0 –0 in). Grown mostly in Sweden and Estonia.
Eating
Best in November; keeps until February
Akin
Illinois, US
1831
Tree vigorous. Width 68 mm (2 in), height 52 mm (2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0 in). Flesh is yellow, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, good to very good.
Eating
Use January–June
Alamanka
North Macedonia
A green apple (round to conical) with red stripes. Weight 100 g (3 oz). Flesh is juicy, subacid with poor aroma.
Eating
Pick October; use November
Alantapfel (a . Princesse Noble)
Germany
<1750
An oblong apple. Width 56–63 mm (2 –2 in), height 59–73 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 13–16 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh is sugary, aromatic.
Eating
Pick October; use December–March
Alaska
California, US
Introduced 1944
Flesh is white. Tree is a heavy producer.
Eating
Albrechtapfel (a . Prinz Albrecht von Preussen)
Germany
1865
Parentage Alexander x unknown. Width 60–85 mm (2 –3 in), height 55–63 mm (2 –2 in), weight 80–200 g (2 –7 oz). Stalk 10–30 mm (0 –1 in). Flesh is soft, juicy, subacid. Cold Storage 4 °C 90 days. VitC 9. Density 0
Eating, cooking
PickG late September–mid-October. Use October–December
Albury Park Nonsuch
Surrey, England
<1892
Yellow with red flush. AM from RHS in 1892. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid.
Cooking
Use December–March
Aldenham Purple
Hertfordshire, England
1925
A red apple. Width 63 mm (2 in), height 48 mm (1 in). Stalk 15–25 mm (0 –0 in)
Eating, cooking
Pick September; use September–October
Alderman
Scotland
Before 1923
A golden yellow apple. Width 90 mm (3 in), height 71 mm (2 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh is white, very firm, coarse-textured, crisp, moderately juicy, acid.
Baking
Pick mid-September; use October–December
Alexander (a . Emperor Alexander, de. Kaiser Alexander, fr. Grand-Alexandre, pl. Aporta, ru. Aporta, Gusevkoe, Aport ukraininskii, Aport osennii)
Russia
<1800
A very large apple. Width 95–110 mm (3 –4 in), height 75–90 mm (3 –3 in). Stalk 11–18 mm (0 –0 in). Cells ovate, axile. Flesh is a faint yellow, firm, crisp, very soft, mild subacid, fair to good. Tree is vigorous. Particularly attractive blossom.
Eating, cooking, baking, drying
PickE mid-September; use September–December
Alfriston
Sussex, England
Late 1700s
Raised at Uckfield Sussex by Mr Shepherd. A large acid green apple. Flesh; pale yellow, crisp, yellow, subacid, pear-like flavour. Cells elliptical, abaxile. Award of Merit from RHS in 1920. Width 83 mm (3 in), height 76 mm (3 in).
Cooking, Juice
PickE early October; use November–April
Alice
Sweden
1964
Medium size. Yellow with red stripes. Flesh juicy, aromatic. Parentage Ingrid Marie x Gyllenkroks Astrakan.
Eating
PickE late August–early September; use September–October
Alkmene agm
Germany
1930
Parentage Cox's Orange Pippin × Doktor Oldenburg. Width 58 mm (2 in), height 58 mm (2 in), weight 120 g (4 oz). Flesh is crisp, aromatic, juicy, subacid to sweet. Stalk 9–20 mm (0 –0 in). Cold Stoprage 4 °C 90 days. Density 0
Eating
PickE late September. PickG early–mid-September. Pickg September 4–15. Use September–November
Allen's Everlasting
Before 1864
Late-keeping desert apple. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1899. Cells obovate, axile. Flesh is greenish-white, firm, fine-textured, juicy, fair.
Eating
PickE mid-October; use February–April
Allington Pippin
Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
1880s, introduced 1896
A versatile English dessert apple raised by horticulturalist Thomas Laxton some time before 1884. Exhibited as Brown's South Lincoln Beauty, the name was changed to Allington Pippin by Bunyard Nursery in 1896. A cross of Cox's Orange Pippin and King of the Pippins. Flesh is creamy white, fine textured, aromatic, with a pineapple-like flavour. The a
Eating, cooking, dessert
PickE late September–early October; use October–February
All Summer
Pennsylvania, US
Before 1850
Flesh is white, tender, very good. Tree uas slow growth is an annual bearer, and is productive. Stalk slender.
Eating
Use July–August
Almeda
Tennessee, US
Introduced 1939
Fruit large, green. Flesh subacid.
Cooking
Ripens 25 July–5 August
Altländer Pfannkuchenapfel
Germany
1840
Width 67 mm (2 in), height 51 mm (2 in), weight 115 g (4 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh is crisp, dry, acid. Cold storage 1-2 °C 180 days. VitC 14. Density 0
Cooking, eating
PickE mid- to late October. Pick G late October. Use March–May
Alvanija (a . Elvanija, Ilvanija)
Croatia
A green oblong apple with red flush. Width 60–75 mm (2 –3 in), height 65–80 mm (2 –3 in), weight 110–140 g (3 –4 oz). Flesh is firm, juicy.
Eating, cooking, cider
Use October
Ambrosia
British Columbia, Canada
1980s
Medium to large in size, mostly red coloration with yellow patches. Has cream-coloured flesh with a sweet, crisp, aromatic flavour and low acidity. Ambrosia trees are hardy and no major disadvantages have yet been identified.
Eating
Pick45 September 15. Pick55 September 5.
American Beauty
Massachusetts, US
Before 1855
Tree vigorous, productive, annual bearer. Stalk short. Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy, subacid, aromatic, very good.
Eating
PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April
American Golden Pippin (a . Golden Pippin, Ribbed Pippin, Golding, New York Greening, Newtown Greening, Golden Apple)
US
Before 1850
Yellow with russet. Flesh is yellowish, juicy, aromatic, subacid, very good. Width 79 mm (3 in), height 65 mm (2 in). Stalk 16 mm (0 in). Tree does not bear young.
Eating
Use November–February
American Golden Russet (a . Golden Russet, Sheep Nose, Bullock's Pippin, Little Pearmain)
US
Late 1700s
Yellow with brown overcolour and grey russet. Width 64–74 mm (2 –2 in), height 58–72 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 13–23 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh is yellowish, tender, juicy sugary, lightly aromatic, best.
Eating
PickE early to mid-October. Use October–January
American Melon (see Melon American)
American Mother (see Mother)
American Summer Pearmain (see Summer Pearmain American)
Anabela
Brazil
Introduced 1995
Parentage Gala x Anna. A yellow apple with (30–40%) red flush. Flesh is juicy, sweet, very good. Tree vigorous.
Eating
Ananas Reinette (cs. Ananasová reneta, de. Ananas Renette, fr. Reinette ananas, pl. Reneta Ananasowa, ru. Ananasnîi renet)
Netherlands
Before 1800
A small yellow apple with pineapple flavor. Width 48–65 mm (1 –2 in), height 52–65 mm (2 –2 in). Weight 115 g (4 oz). Stalk 11–20 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh is crisp, juicy, aromatic, acid. VitC 21.
Eating, juice
PickE early October. PickG mid- to late October. Use December–February
Anisovka (a . Anis koritschnevoje, Anis polosatyiy)
Russia
Before 1850
Medium size, round, greenish yellow with red stripes.
Cooking, eating
Pick September; use October–December
Anna
Israel
Introduced 1963
Colour is yellow with a red blush. Parentage Red Hadassiya x Golden Delicious. This variety does not grow well in the cold and prefers heat and humidity. Tree is annually productive.
Eating
Anna Boelens
Netherlands
1914, introduced 1934
A green apple with red overcolor(40-70%). Width 77 mm, height 58 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Flesh white, juicy, subacid. Parentage Cox Orange x Berlepsch.
Eating
Use October - November
Annie Elizabeth
Leicester, Leicestershire, England
1857, introduced 1868
Large yellow apple, FCC from RHS in 1868. Width 79–87 mm (3 –3 in), height 63–65 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 9–18 mm (0 –0 in). Cells, obovate, abaxile ; creamy white, firm, coarse-textured, dry acid. Cooks well, breaks up completely.
Cooking
PickE late September–early October; use November–April
Annurca
Campania, Italy
1876 (documented)
Very old apple; possibly one of the oldest of all. Believed to be much older than first mention in Pasquale's Manuale di Arboricultura, 1876. May be related to apples found in frescoes found in Herculaneum or Pompeii if not the same one.
Eating
PickE late October. Use November–January.
Antonovka (a . Possarts Nalivia, de. Antonowka, fr. Antonovca, pl. Antónówka zwykla, ru. Antonoka Obîknovennaia)
Kursk, Russia
Before 1800
A very old Russian variety, often planted at dachas. Apples are large, yellow-green and bracingly tart to eat out of hand, but superb for cooking, as they keep their shape. Width 55–70 mm (2 –2 in), height 55–70 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 10 mm (0 in). Extremely tolerant of cold weather, and because it produces a single, deep taproot (unusual amo
Cooking, cider
PickE early September. Use October–December
· Table of apples › B
Babovača
Babovača
Common name
Babovača
Origin
Montenegro
Comment
A green apple with red flush. Width 96 mm (3 in), height 79 mm (3 in), weight 250 g (8 oz). Stalk very short. Flesh soft, sweet and sour.
Pick/Use period
Use October–April
Bailey (a . Bailey Sweet)
Bailey (a . Bailey Sweet)
Common name
Bailey (a . Bailey Sweet)
Origin
Wyoming County, New York, US
First developed
c. 1840
Comment
Red apple with considerable white flecks. Has some russeting. Width 86 mm (3 in), height 74 mm (2 in). Stalk 21 mm (0 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, very sweet, very good.
Use
Eating, cooking
Pick/Use period
Use October
Baker's Delicious
Baker's Delicious
Common name
Baker's Delicious
Origin
Wales
First developed
<1932
Comment
A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 63 mm (2 in), height 58 mm (2 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late August–early September; use August–September
Baldwin (a . Woodpecker, Pecker, Butters)
Baldwin (a . Woodpecker, Pecker, Butters)
Common name
Baldwin (a . Woodpecker, Pecker, Butters)
Origin
Massachusetts, US
First developed
c. 1740
Comment
Flesh yellowish white, crisp, sweet to subacid flavor, very good. Width 76–81 mm (3 –3 in), height 68 mm (2 in). Stalk 22 mm (0 in). Tree vigorous. Very old variety for North America. Makes much juice. Cold storage 0 °C 150 days. TRI DBH 160.
Use
Cooking, Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick50 October 14. PickE mid-October. Use November–March
Ballinora
Ballinora
Common name
Ballinora
Origin
England
First developed
<1898
Comment
Golden yellow with red flush. Width 79 mm (3 in), height 56 mm (2 in). AM from RHS in 1898.
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
Use December–January
Ball's Pippin
Ball's Pippin
Common name
Ball's Pippin
Origin
England
First developed
<1920
Comment
A green-yellow apple with red flush and russet. P Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Tree vigorous. AM from RHS in 1923.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early to mid-October. Use January.
Ballyfatten
Ballyfatten
Common name
Ballyfatten
Origin
County Tyrone, Ireland
First developed
c. 1740
Comment
A large, round apple with firm, dry, sweet, slightly tart white flesh. Excellent keeper. Scab and canker resistant.
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late September. Use October–November.
Baltimore (a . Baltimore Pippin)
Baltimore (a . Baltimore Pippin)
Common name
Baltimore (a . Baltimore Pippin)
Origin
US
First developed
<1860
Comment
Width 78 mm (3 in), height 62 mm (2 in). Stalk 15 mm (0 in). Flesh whitish, juicy, subacid.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use December–April
Bancroft
Bancroft
Common name
Bancroft
Origin
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
First developed
Selected 1930. Introduced c
Comment
Width 70 – 80 mm. height 55–68 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Parentage Forest x McIntosh. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-October. Use November - December.
Banks
Banks
Common name
Banks
Origin
Nova Scotia
First developed
1880
Comment
A red sport from Gravenstein
Use
Eating, cooking, pie
Barcelona Pearmain
Barcelona Pearmain
Common name
Barcelona Pearmain
Origin
England
First developed
<1837
Comment
One of the best dessert apples. Cells roundish oblate, axile. The tree is a free grower, but does not attain the largest size.
Use
Eating, cooking
Bardsey Island Apple
Bardsey Island Apple
Common name
Bardsey Island Apple
Origin
Bardsey Island, Wales
First developed
1998
Comment
A medium-sized eating apple with a unique lemon aroma. Sweet and juicy. Skin color red over gold. Very disease resistant. Single tree discovered on Bardsey island in 1998, age of original tree unknown. May have monastic origins.
Use
Eating
Barkley Red Rome
Barkley Red Rome
Common name
Barkley Red Rome
Comment
Bud mutation of Rome Beauty.
Barnack Beauty
Barnack Beauty
Common name
Barnack Beauty
Origin
Barnack, Northamptonshire, England
First developed
c. 1840, introduced c. 1870
Comment
Medium-sized apple. Yellow, 25-75% flushed with orange red. AM from RHS in 1899. FCC from RHS in 1909. Width 67 mm (2 in), height 58 mm (2 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh; creamy white, very firm, crisp, fine-textured, juicy, subcaid to sweet.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late September–early October. Use December–March
Barnack Orange
Barnack Orange
Common name
Barnack Orange
Origin
England
First developed
1904
Comment
P Barnack Beauty x Cox Orange. Width 76 mm (3 in), height 67 mm (2 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, coarse-textured, juicy, subacid, aromatic.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late September–early October. Use November–February
Baronesa
Baronesa
Common name
Baronesa
Origin
Brazil
First developed
Introduced 1997
Comment
P Princesa x Fuji. Weight 130 g (4 oz). Flesh sweet, crisp. Tree vigorous.
Use
Eating
Bascombe Mystery
Bascombe Mystery
Common name
Bascombe Mystery
Origin
England
First developed
<1831
Comment
A late keeping green apple. Width 68 mm, height 56 mm. Stalk short. Flesh pale yellow, fine-textured, juicy, subacid.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early October. Use November - March
Batul (a . Batulenka, Batulka, Batul-Alma ru. Batullen)
Batul (a . Batulenka, Batulka, Batul-Alma ru. Batullen)
Common name
Batul (a . Batulenka, Batulka, Batul-Alma ru. Batullen)
Origin
Romania or Hungary
Comment
A green apple with red flush. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 50 mm (2 in), height 50 mm (2 in), weight 80 g (2 oz). Tree vigorous. Flesh acidic with poor aroma.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April.
Baumanns Reinette (cs. Baumanova reneta, fr. Reinette Baumann, pl. Reneta Baumana, ru. Renet Baumana)
Baumanns Reinette (cs. Baumanova reneta, fr. Reinette Baumann, pl. Reneta Baumana, ru. Renet Baumana)
Common name
Baumanns Reinette (cs. Baumanova reneta, fr. Reinette Baumann, pl. Reneta Baumana, ru. Renet Baumana)
Origin
Belgium
First developed
c. 1810
Comment
Medium size. Skin brilliant crimson. Width 66 mm (2 in), height 52 mm (2 in). Weight 110 g (3 oz). Stalk 10–15 mm (0 –0 in). Cells, oblate, axile, open. Flesh; crisp, subacid. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1878. Cold Storage 2 °C 180 days. VitC 16. Density 0
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late September. PickG early October. Use December–March
Baxter's Pearmain
Baxter's Pearmain
Common name
Baxter's Pearmain
Origin
Norfolk, England
First developed
1821
Comment
A large dual purpose apple. Width 69 mm (2 in), height 60 mm (2 in). Stalk medium. Cells obovate, axile. The tree is hardy, vigorous, a most abundant bearer. Flesh; pale yellow, coarse-textured, dry, subacid.
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late September–early October; use November–March
Beach (a . Apple of Commerce)
Beach (a . Apple of Commerce)
Common name
Beach (a . Apple of Commerce)
Origin
Arkansas, US
First developed
<1898
Comment
A yellow apple with red overcolor, medium size. A late keeper. Stalk medium. Tree large, vigorous. Flesh: very firm, rather dry.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick late October.
Beacon
Beacon
Common name
Beacon
Origin
Minnesota, US
First developed
Introduced 1936
Comment
Lively, juicy flavor; good for baking. Does not keep very well. Parentage (Malinda x Duchess of Oldenburg)x(Malinda x Tetofsky)
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early September. Use September–October.
Beauty of Bath (de. Schöner aus Bath)
Beauty of Bath (de. Schöner aus Bath)
Common name
Beauty of Bath (de. Schöner aus Bath)
Origin
Bailbrook, Batheston, Somerset, England
First developed
Introduced 1864
Comment
Width 59–63 mm (2 –2 in), height 44–51 mm (1 –2 in). Stalk 9–12 mm (0 –0 in). Deep red flush and streaks of red with a little russet. Early maturing but short season. Formerly grown commercially in England for local markets. FCC from RHS in 1887. Good flavor in its home climate if it is eaten soon after picking. Poor flavour if distribut
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early August; use early August
Beauty of Bedford
Beauty of Bedford
Common name
Beauty of Bedford
Origin
Bedfordshire, England
First developed
<1913
Comment
Width 64 mm (2 in), height 64 mm (2 in). P Lady Sudely x Beauty of Bath. Greenish yellow with orange flush. Flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-September; use September–October
Beauty of Hants
Beauty of Hants
Common name
Beauty of Hants
Origin
Southampton, Hampshire, England
First developed
c. 1850
Comment
A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 80 mm (3 in), height 70 mm (2 in). Stalk variable. Flesh very crisp, yellowish juicy, highly aromatic. Triploid.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late September–early October; use November–February
Beauty of Kent
Beauty of Kent
Common name
Beauty of Kent
Origin
Kent, England
First developed
introduced c
Comment
Old culinary apple, very irregular, ribbed. Width 90 mm (3 in), height 83 mm (3 in). Cells, roundish obovate, abaxile. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh yellowish, tender, subacid. TRI
Use
Cooking
Pick/Use period
PickE late September; use December–March
Beauty of Stoke
Beauty of Stoke
Common name
Beauty of Stoke
Origin
Nottinghamshire, England
First developed
<1889
Comment
Width 70 mm, height 65 mm. Flesh yellowish, firm, dry, pleasant flavour. Tree vigorous. FCC from RHS in 1890.
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid- to late October. Use January·March
Beauty of Wiltshire (a . Weisse Wachs Reinette)
Beauty of Wiltshire (a . Weisse Wachs Reinette)
Common name
Beauty of Wiltshire (a . Weisse Wachs Reinette)
Origin
?
First developed
<1800
Comment
Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2 in), height 56 mm (2 in). Stalk 9 mm (0 in). Flesh juicy, very acidic.
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
Use October–November
Bedfordshire Foundling
Bedfordshire Foundling
Common name
Bedfordshire Foundling
Origin
Bedfordshire, England
First developed
c. 1800
Comment
A yellow apple slightly flushed with red. An excellent culinary apple. Width 75–89 mm (3 –3 in), height 65–88 mm (2 –3 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, juicy, subacid.
Use
Cooking
Pick/Use period
PickE late September–early October; use December–March
Bedrika (a . Prisatka)
Bedrika (a . Prisatka)
Common name
Bedrika (a . Prisatka)
Origin
Possibly Serbia
Comment
A green conical apple with red flush. Width 77 mm (3 in), height 65 mm (2 in). Weight 184 g (6 oz). Flesh white, sweet, with pleasant aroma.
Use
Eating
Beefsteak
Beefsteak
Common name
Beefsteak
Origin
Amesbury, Massachusetts, US
First developed
<1870
Comment
Stalk medium. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid. Very good.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use October–November
Beeley Pippin
Beeley Pippin
Common name
Beeley Pippin
Origin
Derbyshire, England
First developed
Raisedc. 1880
Comment
A yellow apple flushed (25–50%) with red. Width 73 mm (2 in), height 62 mm (2 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, aromatic.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick late August; use September–October
Belle de Boskoop (cs. Boskoopské, de. Boskoop, Schöner von Boskoop) agm
Belle de Boskoop (cs. Boskoopské, de. Boskoop, Schöner von Boskoop) agm
Common name
Belle de Boskoop (cs. Boskoopské, de. Boskoop, Schöner von Boskoop) agm
Origin
Boskoop, Netherlands
First developed
1856
Comment
Width 73–95 mm (2 –3 in), height 67–87 mm (2 –3 in), weight 205 g (7 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh acid and aromatic. Tree vigorous. Particularly attractive blossom. AM from RHS in 1897. VitC 10–17. Density 0 TRI
Use
Cooking, baking
Pick/Use period
PickE early October. PickG mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use January–April
Belle de Builts
Belle de Builts
Common name
Belle de Builts
Origin
Builts, La Vienne, France
First developed
<1860
Comment
A yellow apple with red flush. Width 68–74 mm (2 –2 in), height 49–54 mm (1 –2 in). Stalk 17 mm (0 in). Flesh white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, sweet.
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
Use January–April
Belle de Pontoise (cs. Pontoiské, de. Schöner aus Pontoise, ru. Pontuazskaia krasvitța)
Belle de Pontoise (cs. Pontoiské, de. Schöner aus Pontoise, ru. Pontuazskaia krasvitța)
Common name
Belle de Pontoise (cs. Pontoiské, de. Schöner aus Pontoise, ru. Pontuazskaia krasvitța)
Origin
France
First developed
1869, introduced 1879
Comment
Large flat-round apple. Greenish-yellow, 25–75% flushed with red. Biennial. Width 86 mm (3 in), height 64–67 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh white, sweet, juicy. Tree vigorous.
Use
Cooking.
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-October; use November–March
Bellefleur Kitaika (cs. Krasokvět Kitajka, pl. Bellfleur Kitajka)
Bellefleur Kitaika (cs. Krasokvět Kitajka, pl. Bellfleur Kitajka)
Common name
Bellefleur Kitaika (cs. Krasokvět Kitajka, pl. Bellfleur Kitajka)
Origin
Russia
First developed
1914
Comment
Width 100 mm, height 85 mm. Flesh, white, soft, sweet.
Pick/Use period
Use October - December
Belmont
Belmont
Common name
Belmont
Origin
Pennsylvania, US
First developed
<1870
Comment
Width 82 mm (3 in), height 67 mm (2 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh yellowish, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic. Very good. Tree vigorous, healthy, very productive.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use November–February
Ben Davis (a . New York Pippin, Victoria Pippin, Victoria Red, Red Pippin, Kentucky Pippin, Baltimore Red, Baltimore Pippin)
Ben Davis (a . New York Pippin, Victoria Pippin, Victoria Red, Red Pippin, Kentucky Pippin, Baltimore Red, Baltimore Pippin)
Common name
Ben Davis (a . New York Pippin, Victoria Pippin, Victoria Red, Red Pippin, Kentucky Pippin, Baltimore Red, Baltimore Pippin)
Origin
Southeastern US
First developed
c. 1800
Comment
Width 77 mm, height 80mm. Noted for keeping well prior to refrigerated storage, but flavour has been compared with cork.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use January - June.
Bennet
Bennet
Common name
Bennet
Origin
Herefordshire, England
First developed
<1870
Comment
A cider apple.
Use
Cider
Benoni
Benoni
Common name
Benoni
Origin
Massachusetts, US
First developed
<1832
Comment
A small orange-yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 57–59 mm (2 –2 in), height 53 mm (2 in). Stalk 16 mm (0 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. BB. DBH 110.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick50 August 23. PickE late August. Use August–September
Ben's Red
Ben's Red
Common name
Ben's Red
Origin
Cornwall, England
First developed
c. 1830
Comment
Medium to large apple. Slightly ribbed. Skin flushed and striped dark red. Flesh pale yellow, sweet, aromatic. P Devonshire Quarrenden Xbox Apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1899.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early September; use September.
Bentley Sweet
Bentley Sweet
Common name
Bentley Sweet
Origin
Virginia, US
First developed
<1850
Comment
Flesh sweet. Tree vigorous, productive, an early bearer.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use April–September
Berlepsch (see Frieherr von Berlepsch)
Berlepsch (see Frieherr von Berlepsch)
Common name
Berlepsch (see Frieherr von Berlepsch)
Berner Rosen (cs. Bernské růžové)
Berner Rosen (cs. Bernské růžové)
Common name
Berner Rosen (cs. Bernské růžové)
Origin
Zurich, Switzerland
First developed
1860
Comment
A red apple. Height 57–62 mm (2 –2 in), width 62–66 mm (2 –2 in). Weight 110 g (3 oz). Stalk 20 mm (0 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 4 °C 120 days. VitC 11. Density 0
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickG late September–early October; use December–February
Bess Pool
Bess Pool
Common name
Bess Pool
Origin
Nottinghamshire, England
First developed
1824
Comment
Round-conical apple. Flesh firm but tender, white, sweet, rather dry. Trees are shy bearers at first. Width 67–70 mm (2 –2 in), height 58–63 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0 –0 in). Cells ovate, axile, open or abaxile.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early October; use November–February
Bethlemite
Bethlemite
Common name
Bethlemite
Origin
US
First developed
<1860
Comment
Width 78 mm (3 in), height 58 mm (2 in). Stalk 13 mm (0 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, aromatic.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use December–March
Beverly Hills
Beverly Hills
Common name
Beverly Hills
Origin
California, US
First developed
1939, Introduced 1945.
Comment
P Melba x Early McIntosh. Slightly tart flavor. Flesh white. Likes warm weather. MacIntosh style summer apple that is self fertile and well adapted to low chill conditions.
Use
Eating
Biesterfelder Renette
Biesterfelder Renette
Common name
Biesterfelder Renette
Origin
Biesterfeld, Lippe, Germany
First developed
1850
Comment
A yellow apple striped with red. Width 60–75 mm (2 –3 in), height 55–65 mm (2 –2 in). Flesh white, crisp, juicy. Cold storage 2 °C 120 days.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickG mid-September. Use October–December
Bietigheimer
Bietigheimer
Common name
Bietigheimer
Origin
Germany
First developed
<1870
Comment
Fruit very large with russet. Width 110 mm (4 in), height 78 mm (3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0 in). Tree large, vigorous. Flesh white, firm, coarse, srisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good.
Pick/Use period
Use September–October
Birgit Bonnier
Birgit Bonnier
Common name
Birgit Bonnier
Origin
Sweden
First developed
1992
Comment
A cross between Cortland (apple) and Lord Lambourne.
Bismarck
Bismarck
Common name
Bismarck
Origin
Victoria, Australia
First developed
1870
Comment
Large fruit with a yellow-green with red overcolour. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good. FCC from RHS in 1887. Width 65–85 mm (2 –3 in), height 58–72 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0 in).
Use
Cooking, juice.
Pick/Use period
PickE late September. Use November–February
Bittenfelder
Bittenfelder
Common name
Bittenfelder
Origin
Baden-Württemberg, Germany
First developed
<1940
Comment
Flesh; white, crisp, juicy, subacid.
Use
Cider, juice
Pick/Use period
PickG late October. Use November–April.
Black Annette
Black Annette
Common name
Black Annette
Origin
US
First developed
<1820
Comment
Flesh white, tender, good.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use November–December
Black Apple
Black Apple
Common name
Black Apple
Origin
US
First developed
<1820
Comment
Flesh white, good.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use November–February
Black Ben Davis
Black Ben Davis
Common name
Black Ben Davis
Origin
Arkansas, US
First developed
c. 1800
Comment
A red mutation of Ben Davis.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use January - April.
Black Gilliflower
Black Gilliflower
Common name
Black Gilliflower
Origin
US
First developed
<1800
Comment
Width 68 mm (2 in), height 74 mm (2 in). Stalk 15 mm (0 in). Flesh white, dry, subacid, good. Tree very productive.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use November–March
Blackjon
Blackjon
Common name
Blackjon
Origin
Washington, US
First developed
Introduced 1931
Comment
Mutation of Jonathan. Cold storage 3-4 °C 120 days.
Use
Eating
Blackmack
Blackmack
Common name
Blackmack
Origin
British Columbia, Canada
First developed
Introduced 1930
Comment
Mutation of Red McIntosh.
Use
Eating
Black Oxford
Black Oxford
Common name
Black Oxford
Origin
Maine, US
First developed
<1870
Comment
Flesh white, dry, subacid, good. Tree a great bearer.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use March–May
Black Sweet (a . Moore's Sweeting)
Black Sweet (a . Moore's Sweeting)
Common name
Black Sweet (a . Moore's Sweeting)
Origin
US
First developed
<1820
Comment
Width 82 mm (3 in), height 67 mm (2 in). Stalk 10 mm (0 in). Flesh yellow, dry, very sweet. Quality inferior.
Use
Baking, cider
Pick/Use period
Use December–March
Blairmont
Blairmont
Common name
Blairmont
Origin
Georgia, US
First developed
Cross made 1961
Comment
A round to conical apple with 90% red overcolor. Moderately resistant to scab, fire blight, powdery mildew and black rot. DBH 112. Flesh: cream, juicy, subacid.
Use
Eating
Blauacher Wädenswil
Blauacher Wädenswil
Common name
Blauacher Wädenswil
Origin
Bern, Switzerland
Comment
Width 78 mm (3 in). Height 75 mm (3 in). Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, subacid.
Use
Cider, juice
Pick/Use period
PickG late September. Use October.
Bledsoe
Bledsoe
Common name
Bledsoe
Origin
Kentucky, US
First developed
<1855
Comment
A large apple. Stalk short. Flesh crisp, juicy, subacid, good.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use September–April
Blenheim Orange (a . Emilia (in Ecuador), Pennsylvania (in Colombia), cs. Blenheimská reneta, de. Goldrenette von Blenheim, pl. Blenheimska, ru. Renet blengheimskii, Renet zolotoi blengheimskii) agm
Blenheim Orange (a . Emilia (in Ecuador), Pennsylvania (in Colombia), cs. Blenheimská reneta, de. Goldrenette von Blenheim, pl. Blenheimska, ru. Renet blengheimskii, Renet zolotoi blengheimskii) agm
Common name
Blenheim Orange (a . Emilia (in Ecuador), Pennsylvania (in Colombia), cs. Blenheimská reneta, de. Goldrenette von Blenheim, pl. Blenheimska, ru. Renet blengheimskii, Renet zolotoi blengheimskii) agm
Origin
England
First developed
Discovered c. 1740, introduced c. 1818
Comment
Has greenish-yellow to orange skin streaked with red. Width 75–91 mm (3 –3 in), height 60–70 mm (2 –2 in), weight 165 g (5 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0 –0 in). Cells open, obovate, axile. Flesh; aromatic, juicy. Distinctive nutty flavor excellent for cooking. The vigorous tree is slow to come into crop but then produces heavily. Parentage Go
Use
Cooking, eating
Pick/Use period
PickE late September. PickG early October. Use November–January.
Bloody Ploughman
Bloody Ploughman
Common name
Bloody Ploughman
Origin
Carse of Gowrie, Scotland
First developed
c. 1800
Comment
A medium-sized, very dark red, heavily ribbed apple. Flesh white sometimes pink-streaked, crisp, juicy, mildly sweet. It is reputed to have got its name after a gamekeeper shot dead a ploughman caught stealing apples from the Megginch Estate. When his body was returned to his wife, she found stolen apples in his pockets and threw them onto a rubbis
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-September. Use September - November.
Blue Pearmain
Blue Pearmain
Common name
Blue Pearmain
Origin
US
First developed
c. 1800
Comment
A yellow apple with dark red stripes. Width 70–75 mm (2 –3 in). Height 63–70 mm (2 –2 in). Steam short and stout. FCC from RHS in 1896. Flesh aromatic, spicy, subacid, very good.
Use
Cooking, cider, eating
Pick/Use period
PickE early October; use November–December.
Blutapfel (a . Pomme Sanguinole, Purpurapfel)
Blutapfel (a . Pomme Sanguinole, Purpurapfel)
Common name
Blutapfel (a . Pomme Sanguinole, Purpurapfel)
Origin
?
First developed
<1820
Comment
A yellow apple with red overcolor. Width 49–60 mm, height 45–54 mm. Stalk 6 mm. Flesh yellow tinted with red, juicy subacid.
Use
Eating, Cooking
Pick/Use period
Pick October. Use December - May.
Bodil Neergaard
Bodil Neergaard
Common name
Bodil Neergaard
Origin
Denmark
First developed
1855
Comment
A green oblong conical apple. Width 56–61 mm (2 –2 in), height 70–75 mm (2 –3 in). Stalk 10 mm (0 in). Flesh; white, juicy, spicy.
Use
Eating, cooking
Pick/Use period
Pick October; use Januar–March
Böhmer (a . Edel-Böhmer)
Böhmer (a . Edel-Böhmer)
Common name
Böhmer (a . Edel-Böhmer)
Origin
Tyrol
First developed
<1857
Comment
Green with red flush. Width 75 mm (3 in), height 55 mm (2 in). Stalk 13 mm (0 in).
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use December–March
Böhmischer Rosenapfel
Böhmischer Rosenapfel
Common name
Böhmischer Rosenapfel
Origin
Bohemia, Germany
First developed
<1800
Comment
A large apple. Width 81 mm (3 in), height 56 mm (2 in). Stalk 12 mm (0 in). Flesh juicy, sweet.
Use
Eating, cooking
Pick/Use period
Use August–September
Bohnapfel (a . Grosser Rheinischer Bohnapfel, cs. Strýmka, pl. Grochówka)
Bohnapfel (a . Grosser Rheinischer Bohnapfel, cs. Strýmka, pl. Grochówka)
Common name
Bohnapfel (a . Grosser Rheinischer Bohnapfel, cs. Strýmka, pl. Grochówka)
Origin
Germany
First developed
<1800
Comment
Width 55 mm (2 in), height 55 mm (2 in), weight 100 g (3 oz). Stalk 10–20 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh; acid, crisp, juicy. Cold storage 2 °C 210 days. Density 0 TRI
Use
Cooking, cider
Pick/Use period
PickG late October–early November; use March–May
Boiken (cs. Boikovo)
Boiken (cs. Boikovo)
Common name
Boiken (cs. Boikovo)
Origin
Bremen, Germany
First developed
1828
Comment
Culinary apple. Width 68–82 mm (2 –3 in), height 56–68 mm (2 –2 in). Weight 125 g (4 oz). Stalk 17–23 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh white, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid to acid, good. Cold storage 0 °C 150 days. VitC 10. Density 0
Use
Cooking, drying, juice
Pick/Use period
PickE mid-October. PickG mid–late October; use February–May
Bonum (a . Magnum Bonum)
Bonum (a . Magnum Bonum)
Common name
Bonum (a . Magnum Bonum)
Origin
US
First developed
1828
Comment
Width 77 mm (3 in), height 57 mm (2 in). Stalk 20 mm (0 in). Flesh white, firm, tender, aromatic, juicy, mild subacid, very good.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Use September–December
Borgovskoje
Borgovskoje
Common name
Borgovskoje
Origin
Russia
First developed
<1860
Comment
A sweet yellow apple.
Use
Eating
Pick/Use period
Pick late August
Borovitsky (see Duchess of Oldenburg)
Borovitsky (see Duchess of Oldenburg)
Common name
Borovitsky (see Duchess of Oldenburg)
Borsdorfer see Edelborsdorfer
Borsdorfer see Edelborsdorfer
Common name
Borsdorfer see Edelborsdorfer
Börtlinger Weinapfel
Börtlinger Weinapfel
Common name
Börtlinger Weinapfel
Origin
Baden-Württemberg, Germany
First developed
1827
Comment
Flesh; greenish-white, juicy, acid. Tree vigorous.
Use
Cider, juice
Pick/Use period
PickG mid-October. Use October–November.
Bottle Greening
Bottle Greening
Common name
Bottle Greening
Origin
Green Mountains, US
First developed
<1850
Comment
Produces large fruit. Has thick skin. Flesh white, subacid.
Use
Eating, cider
Pick/Use period
Use January–February
Bough (see Sweet Bough)
Bough (see Sweet Bough)
Common name
Bough (see Sweet Bough)
Common name
Image
Origin
First developed
Comment
Use
Pick/Use period
Babovača
Montenegro
A green apple with red flush. Width 96 mm (3 in), height 79 mm (3 in), weight 250 g (8 oz). Stalk very short. Flesh soft, sweet and sour.
Use October–April
Bailey (a . Bailey Sweet)
Wyoming County, New York, US
c. 1840
Red apple with considerable white flecks. Has some russeting. Width 86 mm (3 in), height 74 mm (2 in). Stalk 21 mm (0 in). Flesh yellow, tender, juicy, very sweet, very good.
Eating, cooking
Use October
Baker's Delicious
Wales
<1932
A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 63 mm (2 in), height 58 mm (2 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, crisp, juicy, aromatic.
Eating
PickE late August–early September; use August–September
Baldwin (a . Woodpecker, Pecker, Butters)
Massachusetts, US
c. 1740
Flesh yellowish white, crisp, sweet to subacid flavor, very good. Width 76–81 mm (3 –3 in), height 68 mm (2 in). Stalk 22 mm (0 in). Tree vigorous. Very old variety for North America. Makes much juice. Cold storage 0 °C 150 days. TRI DBH 160.
Cooking, Eating
Pick50 October 14. PickE mid-October. Use November–March
Ballinora
England
<1898
Golden yellow with red flush. Width 79 mm (3 in), height 56 mm (2 in). AM from RHS in 1898.
Cooking, eating
Use December–January
Ball's Pippin
England
<1920
A green-yellow apple with red flush and russet. P Cox Orange x Sturmer Pippin. Flesh white, juicy, sweet, aromatic. Tree vigorous. AM from RHS in 1923.
Eating
PickE early to mid-October. Use January.
Ballyfatten
County Tyrone, Ireland
c. 1740
A large, round apple with firm, dry, sweet, slightly tart white flesh. Excellent keeper. Scab and canker resistant.
Cooking, eating
PickE late September. Use October–November.
Baltimore (a . Baltimore Pippin)
US
<1860
Width 78 mm (3 in), height 62 mm (2 in). Stalk 15 mm (0 in). Flesh whitish, juicy, subacid.
Eating
Use December–April
Bancroft
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Selected 1930. Introduced c
Width 70 – 80 mm. height 55–68 mm. Stalk 15 mm. Parentage Forest x McIntosh. Flesh white, crisp, tender, juicy.
Eating
PickE mid-October. Use November - December.
Banks
Nova Scotia
1880
A red sport from Gravenstein
Eating, cooking, pie
Barcelona Pearmain
England
<1837
One of the best dessert apples. Cells roundish oblate, axile. The tree is a free grower, but does not attain the largest size.
Eating, cooking
Bardsey Island Apple
Bardsey Island, Wales
1998
A medium-sized eating apple with a unique lemon aroma. Sweet and juicy. Skin color red over gold. Very disease resistant. Single tree discovered on Bardsey island in 1998, age of original tree unknown. May have monastic origins.
Eating
Barkley Red Rome
Bud mutation of Rome Beauty.
Barnack Beauty
Barnack, Northamptonshire, England
c. 1840, introduced c. 1870
Medium-sized apple. Yellow, 25-75% flushed with orange red. AM from RHS in 1899. FCC from RHS in 1909. Width 67 mm (2 in), height 58 mm (2 in). Stalk 20–25 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh; creamy white, very firm, crisp, fine-textured, juicy, subcaid to sweet.
Eating
PickE late September–early October. Use December–March
Barnack Orange
England
1904
P Barnack Beauty x Cox Orange. Width 76 mm (3 in), height 67 mm (2 in). Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, coarse-textured, juicy, subacid, aromatic.
Eating
PickE late September–early October. Use November–February
Baronesa
Brazil
Introduced 1997
P Princesa x Fuji. Weight 130 g (4 oz). Flesh sweet, crisp. Tree vigorous.
Eating
Bascombe Mystery
England
<1831
A late keeping green apple. Width 68 mm, height 56 mm. Stalk short. Flesh pale yellow, fine-textured, juicy, subacid.
Eating
PickE early October. Use November - March
Batul (a . Batulenka, Batulka, Batul-Alma ru. Batullen)
Romania or Hungary
A green apple with red flush. Russet in stalk cavity. Width 50 mm (2 in), height 50 mm (2 in), weight 80 g (2 oz). Tree vigorous. Flesh acidic with poor aroma.
Eating
PickE mid- to late October. Use December–April.
Baumanns Reinette (cs. Baumanova reneta, fr. Reinette Baumann, pl. Reneta Baumana, ru. Renet Baumana)
Belgium
c. 1810
Medium size. Skin brilliant crimson. Width 66 mm (2 in), height 52 mm (2 in). Weight 110 g (3 oz). Stalk 10–15 mm (0 –0 in). Cells, oblate, axile, open. Flesh; crisp, subacid. First Class Certificate from RHS in 1878. Cold Storage 2 °C 180 days. VitC 16. Density 0
Cooking, eating
PickE late September. PickG early October. Use December–March
Baxter's Pearmain
Norfolk, England
1821
A large dual purpose apple. Width 69 mm (2 in), height 60 mm (2 in). Stalk medium. Cells obovate, axile. The tree is hardy, vigorous, a most abundant bearer. Flesh; pale yellow, coarse-textured, dry, subacid.
Cooking, eating
PickE late September–early October; use November–March
Beach (a . Apple of Commerce)
Arkansas, US
<1898
A yellow apple with red overcolor, medium size. A late keeper. Stalk medium. Tree large, vigorous. Flesh: very firm, rather dry.
Eating
Pick late October.
Beacon
Minnesota, US
Introduced 1936
Lively, juicy flavor; good for baking. Does not keep very well. Parentage (Malinda x Duchess of Oldenburg)x(Malinda x Tetofsky)
Cooking, eating
PickE early September. Use September–October.
Beauty of Bath (de. Schöner aus Bath)
Bailbrook, Batheston, Somerset, England
Introduced 1864
Width 59–63 mm (2 –2 in), height 44–51 mm (1 –2 in). Stalk 9–12 mm (0 –0 in). Deep red flush and streaks of red with a little russet. Early maturing but short season. Formerly grown commercially in England for local markets. FCC from RHS in 1887. Good flavor in its home climate if it is eaten soon after picking. Poor flavour if distribut
Eating
PickE early August; use early August
Beauty of Bedford
Bedfordshire, England
<1913
Width 64 mm (2 in), height 64 mm (2 in). P Lady Sudely x Beauty of Bath. Greenish yellow with orange flush. Flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet.
Eating
PickE mid-September; use September–October
Beauty of Hants
Southampton, Hampshire, England
c. 1850
A yellow apple with orange-red flush. Width 80 mm (3 in), height 70 mm (2 in). Stalk variable. Flesh very crisp, yellowish juicy, highly aromatic. Triploid.
Eating
PickE late September–early October; use November–February
Beauty of Kent
Kent, England
introduced c
Old culinary apple, very irregular, ribbed. Width 90 mm (3 in), height 83 mm (3 in). Cells, roundish obovate, abaxile. AM from RHS in 1901. Flesh yellowish, tender, subacid. TRI
Cooking
PickE late September; use December–March
Beauty of Stoke
Nottinghamshire, England
<1889
Width 70 mm, height 65 mm. Flesh yellowish, firm, dry, pleasant flavour. Tree vigorous. FCC from RHS in 1890.
Cooking, eating
PickE mid- to late October. Use January·March
Beauty of Wiltshire (a . Weisse Wachs Reinette)
?
<1800
Yellow with red flush. Width 65 mm (2 in), height 56 mm (2 in). Stalk 9 mm (0 in). Flesh juicy, very acidic.
Cooking, eating
Use October–November
Bedfordshire Foundling
Bedfordshire, England
c. 1800
A yellow apple slightly flushed with red. An excellent culinary apple. Width 75–89 mm (3 –3 in), height 65–88 mm (2 –3 in). Cells obovate, abaxile. Stalk short. Flesh; creamy white, firm, juicy, subacid.
Cooking
PickE late September–early October; use December–March
Bedrika (a . Prisatka)
Possibly Serbia
A green conical apple with red flush. Width 77 mm (3 in), height 65 mm (2 in). Weight 184 g (6 oz). Flesh white, sweet, with pleasant aroma.
Eating
Beefsteak
Amesbury, Massachusetts, US
<1870
Stalk medium. Flesh white, tender, crisp, juicy, subacid. Very good.
Eating
Use October–November
Beeley Pippin
Derbyshire, England
Raisedc. 1880
A yellow apple flushed (25–50%) with red. Width 73 mm (2 in), height 62 mm (2 in). Stalk short. Flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, aromatic.
Eating
Pick late August; use September–October
Belle de Boskoop (cs. Boskoopské, de. Boskoop, Schöner von Boskoop) agm
Boskoop, Netherlands
1856
Width 73–95 mm (2 –3 in), height 67–87 mm (2 –3 in), weight 205 g (7 oz). Stalk 10–25 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh acid and aromatic. Tree vigorous. Particularly attractive blossom. AM from RHS in 1897. VitC 10–17. Density 0 TRI
Cooking, baking
PickE early October. PickG mid-October. Pickg September 23–October 15. Use January–April
Belle de Builts
Builts, La Vienne, France
<1860
A yellow apple with red flush. Width 68–74 mm (2 –2 in), height 49–54 mm (1 –2 in). Stalk 17 mm (0 in). Flesh white, crisp, juicy, aromatic, sweet.
Cooking, eating
Use January–April
Belle de Pontoise (cs. Pontoiské, de. Schöner aus Pontoise, ru. Pontuazskaia krasvitța)
France
1869, introduced 1879
Large flat-round apple. Greenish-yellow, 25–75% flushed with red. Biennial. Width 86 mm (3 in), height 64–67 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 15–20 mm (0 –0 in). Flesh white, sweet, juicy. Tree vigorous.
Cooking.
PickE mid-October; use November–March
Bellefleur Kitaika (cs. Krasokvět Kitajka, pl. Bellfleur Kitajka)
Russia
1914
Width 100 mm, height 85 mm. Flesh, white, soft, sweet.
Use October - December
Belmont
Pennsylvania, US
<1870
Width 82 mm (3 in), height 67 mm (2 in). Stalk short to medium. Flesh yellowish, crisp, tender, juicy, aromatic. Very good. Tree vigorous, healthy, very productive.
Eating
Use November–February
Ben Davis (a . New York Pippin, Victoria Pippin, Victoria Red, Red Pippin, Kentucky Pippin, Baltimore Red, Baltimore Pippin)
Southeastern US
c. 1800
Width 77 mm, height 80mm. Noted for keeping well prior to refrigerated storage, but flavour has been compared with cork.
Eating
Use January - June.
Bennet
Herefordshire, England
<1870
A cider apple.
Cider
Benoni
Massachusetts, US
<1832
A small orange-yellow apple with red overcolour. Width 57–59 mm (2 –2 in), height 53 mm (2 in). Stalk 16 mm (0 in). Cells obovate, axile, closed. Flesh yellow, firm, crisp, tender, juicy, subacid, good to very good. BB. DBH 110.
Eating
Pick50 August 23. PickE late August. Use August–September
Ben's Red
Cornwall, England
c. 1830
Medium to large apple. Slightly ribbed. Skin flushed and striped dark red. Flesh pale yellow, sweet, aromatic. P Devonshire Quarrenden Xbox Apple. Award of Merit from RHS in 1899.
Eating
PickE early September; use September.
Bentley Sweet
Virginia, US
<1850
Flesh sweet. Tree vigorous, productive, an early bearer.
Eating
Use April–September
Berlepsch (see Frieherr von Berlepsch)
Berner Rosen (cs. Bernské růžové)
Zurich, Switzerland
1860
A red apple. Height 57–62 mm (2 –2 in), width 62–66 mm (2 –2 in). Weight 110 g (3 oz). Stalk 20 mm (0 in). Flesh; soft, juicy, subacid. Cold storage 4 °C 120 days. VitC 11. Density 0
Eating
PickG late September–early October; use December–February
Bess Pool
Nottinghamshire, England
1824
Round-conical apple. Flesh firm but tender, white, sweet, rather dry. Trees are shy bearers at first. Width 67–70 mm (2 –2 in), height 58–63 mm (2 –2 in). Stalk 10–15 mm (0 –0 in). Cells ovate, axile, open or abaxile.
Eating
PickE early October; use November–February
Bethlemite
US
<1860
Width 78 mm (3 in), height 58 mm (2 in). Stalk 13 mm (0 in). Flesh juicy, subacid, aromatic.
Eating
Use December–March
Beverly Hills
California, US
1939, Introduced 1945.
P Melba x Early McIntosh. Slightly tart flavor. Flesh white. Likes warm weather. MacIntosh style summer apple that is self fertile and well adapted to low chill conditions.
Eating
Biesterfelder Renette
Biesterfeld, Lippe, Germany
1850
A yellow apple striped with red. Width 60–75 mm (2 –3 in), height 55–65 mm (2 –2 in). Flesh white, crisp, juicy. Cold storage 2 °C 120 days.
Eating
PickG mid-September. Use October–December
Bietigheimer
Germany
<1870
Fruit very large with russet. Width 110 mm (4 in), height 78 mm (3 in). Stalk 16 mm (0 in). Tree large, vigorous. Flesh white, firm, coarse, srisp, juicy, subacid, fair to good.
Use September–October

References

  1. Guide to Cultivated Plants
    https://books.google.com/books?id=YvU1XnUVxFQC&q=apple%20cultivars%207%2C500&pg=PT39
  2. "AGM Plants - Ornamental"
    https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf
  3. Journal of Integrative Agriculture
    https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS2095-3119%2817%2961795-7
  4. Herbert Petzold, Apfelsorten, 1990
  5. Obstsorten Atlas, 1996
  6. The New Book of Apples, 2002
  7. John Bultitude, Apples, 1983
  8. Osterloh, Lagerung von Obst und Südfrüchten, 1996
  9. Downing, Fruits and Fruit-Trees of America, 1885
  10. Warder, American Pomology
  11. Brooks, Register of New Fruit, 1952
  12. Robert Hogg, The Fruit Manual, 1875.
  13. Hogg, The Fruit Manual, 1884
  14. Bunyard, Hardy Fruits, 1920
  15. Deutschlands Obstsorten
  16. Leroy, Pomologie, 1873
  17. Nederlandse Fruitsoorten, 1942
  18. Pomologia Republicii Populare Romine
  19. Erez, Temperate Fruit Crops
  20. Balkan Pomology Apples, 2012
Image
Source:
Tip: Wheel or +/− to zoom, drag to pan, Esc to close.