List of Internet top-level domains
Updated: 11/4/2025, 4:17:26 PM Wikipedia source
This list of Internet top-level domains (TLD) contains top-level domains, which are those domains in the DNS root zone of the Domain Name System of the Internet. A list of the top-level domains by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is maintained at the Root Zone Database. IANA also oversees the approval process for new proposed top-level domains for ICANN. As of April 2021, the IANA Root Zone Database listed 1,502 top-level domains, including active, reserved, retired, and special-use domains. By March 31, 2025, the number of actively delegated top-level domains had decreased to 1,264, reflecting removals, retirements, and changes in the root zone database. As of March 2021, the IANA root database includes 1589 TLDs. That also includes 68 that are not assigned (revoked), 8 that are retired and 11 test domains. Those are not represented in IANA's listing and are not in root.zone file (root.zone file also includes one root domain).
Tables
· Original top-level domains
com
com
Name
com
Entity
commercial
Administrator
Verisign
Notes
This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Though originally intended for use by for-profit business entities, for a number of reasons it became the main TLD for domain names and is currently used by all types of entities including nonprofits, schools, and private individuals. Domain name registrations may be successfully challenged if the holder cannot prove an outside relation justifying reservation of the name, to prevent "squatting". It was originally administered by the United States Department of Defense.
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
org
org
Name
org
Entity
organization
Administrator
Public Interest Registry
Notes
This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Originally created as a miscellaneous category as stated in RFC 920 (October 1984) "...any other domains meeting the second level requirements," and clarified in RFC 1591 (March 1994), "This domain is intended as the miscellaneous TLD for organizations that didn't fit anywhere else. Some non-government organizations may fit here." While mainly non-profits have used this domain, it was never restricted from miscellaneous use.
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
net
net
Name
net
Entity
network
Administrator
Verisign
Notes
This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. According to RFC 1591 (March 1994) "This domain is intended to hold only the computers of network providers."
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
int
int
Name
int
Entity
international
Administrator
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Notes
The .int TLD is strictly limited to organizations, offices, and programs endorsed by a treaty between two or more nations. However, a few grandfathered domains do not meet these criteria.
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
edu
edu
Name
edu
Entity
education
Administrator
Educause (via Verisign)
Notes
The .edu TLD is limited to specific higher educational institutions such as, but not limited to, trade schools and universities. In the U.S., its use was restricted in 2001 to post-secondary institutions accredited by an agency on the list of nationally recognized accrediting agencies. This domain is therefore almost exclusively used by colleges and universities. Some institutions, such as the Exploratorium, that do not meet the current registration criteria have grandfathered domain names.
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
gov
gov
Name
gov
Entity
U.S. national and state government agencies
Administrator
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (via Verisign)
Notes
The .gov TLD is limited to United States governmental entities and agencies as well as qualifying state, county and local municipal government agencies, and tribal governments.
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
mil
mil
Name
mil
Entity
U.S. military
Administrator
United States Department of Defense
Notes
The .mil TLD is restricted to departments, services and agencies of the United States Department of Defense.
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
| Name | Entity | Administrator | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC | SLD | IPv6 |
| com | commercial | Verisign | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Though originally intended for use by for-profit business entities, for a number of reasons it became the main TLD for domain names and is currently used by all types of entities including nonprofits, schools, and private individuals. Domain name registrations may be successfully challenged if the holder cannot prove an outside relation justifying reservation of the name, to prevent "squatting". It was originally administered by the United States Department of Defense. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| org | organization | Public Interest Registry | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Originally created as a miscellaneous category as stated in RFC 920 (October 1984) "...any other domains meeting the second level requirements," and clarified in RFC 1591 (March 1994), "This domain is intended as the miscellaneous TLD for organizations that didn't fit anywhere else. Some non-government organizations may fit here." While mainly non-profits have used this domain, it was never restricted from miscellaneous use. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| net | network | Verisign | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. According to RFC 1591 (March 1994) "This domain is intended to hold only the computers of network providers." | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| int | international | Internet Assigned Numbers Authority | The TLD is strictly limited to organizations, offices, and programs endorsed by a treaty between two or more nations. However, a few grandfathered domains do not meet these criteria. | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| edu | education | Educause (via Verisign) | The TLD is limited to specific higher educational institutions such as, but not limited to, trade schools and universities. In the U.S., its use was restricted in 2001 to post-secondary institutions accredited by an agency on the list of nationally recognized accrediting agencies. This domain is therefore almost exclusively used by colleges and universities. Some institutions, such as the Exploratorium, that do not meet the current registration criteria have grandfathered domain names. | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| gov | national and state government agencies | Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (via Verisign) | The TLD is limited to United States governmental entities and agencies as well as qualifying state, county and local municipal government agencies, and tribal governments. | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| mil | military | United States Department of Defense | The TLD is restricted to departments, services and agencies of the United States Department of Defense. | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
· Infrastructure top-level domains
arpa
arpa
Infrastructure
arpa
Entity
"Address and Routing Parameter Area"
Notes
Originally assigned to the Advanced Research Projects Agency in the early days on the Internet, .arpa is now exclusively used as an Internet infrastructure TLD.
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
| Infrastructure | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| arpa | "Address and Routing Parameter Area" | Originally assigned to the Advanced Research Projects Agency in the early days on the Internet, is now exclusively used as an Internet infrastructure TLD. | No | Yes |
· ICANN-era generic top-level domains › Chinese (.cn)
ren
ren
Name
ren
Chinese term
人 rén
Translation
"people/person" in Mandarin pinyin
Restrictions
Restricted TLD
Operator
(Cancelled)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
shouji
shouji
Name
shouji
Chinese term
手机 shǒujī
Translation
mobile phone
Restrictions
—
Operator
QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD.
tushu
tushu
Name
tushu
Chinese term
图书 túshū
Translation
books
Restrictions
—
Operator
Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
wanggou
wanggou
Name
wanggou
Chinese term
网购 wǎnggòu
Translation
online shopping
Restrictions
—
Operator
Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
weibo
weibo
Name
weibo
Chinese term
微博 wēibó
Translation
microblogging
Restrictions
—
Operator
Sina Corporation
xihuan
xihuan
Name
xihuan
Chinese term
喜欢 xǐhuān
Translation
like
Restrictions
—
Operator
QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD.
xin
xin
Name
xin
Chinese term
信 xìn
Translation
credit; honest
Restrictions
—
Operator
Alibaba Group
| Name | Chinese term | Translation | Restrictions | Operator | IDN | DNSSEC |
| ren | 人 rén | "people/person" in Mandarin pinyin | Restricted TLD | (Cancelled) | Unknown | Yes |
| shouji | 手机 shǒujī | mobile phone | — | QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. | ||
| tushu | 图书 túshū | books | — | Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | ||
| wanggou | 网购 wǎnggòu | online shopping | — | Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | ||
| weibo | 微博 wēibó | microblogging | — | Sina Corporation | ||
| xihuan | 喜欢 xǐhuān | like | — | QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. | ||
| xin | 信 xìn | credit; honest | — | Alibaba Group |
· ICANN-era generic top-level domains › French (.fr)
arte
arte
Name
arte
Translation
Association relative à la télévision européenne, whose acronym is arte, "art"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Association Relative à la Télévision Européenne G.E.I.E.
clinique
clinique
Name
clinique
Translation
"clinic or hospital"
Restrictions
—
Operator
The Estée Lauder Companies Inc.
luxe
luxe
Name
luxe
Translation
"luxury"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Minds + Machines
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
maison
maison
Name
maison
Translation
"house"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
moi
moi
Name
moi
Translation
"me"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
rsvp
rsvp
Name
rsvp
Translation
Invitations and replies
Restrictions
—
Operator
Charleston Road Registry Inc. (Google)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
sarl
sarl
Name
sarl
Translation
Société à responsabilité limitée, Francophone Limited liability company
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Translation | Restrictions | Operator | IDN | DNSSEC |
| arte | Association relative à la télévision européenne, whose acronym is arte, "art" | — | Association Relative à la Télévision Européenne G.E.I.E. | ||
| clinique | "clinic or hospital" | — | The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. | ||
| luxe | "luxury" | — | Minds + Machines | Unknown | Yes |
| maison | "house" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| moi | "me" | — | Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | ||
| rsvp | Invitations and replies | — | Charleston Road Registry Inc. (Google) | Unknown | Yes |
| sarl | Société à responsabilité limitée, Francophone Limited liability company | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
· ICANN-era generic top-level domains › German (.de)
epost
epost
Name
epost
Translation
e-mail
Restrictions
—
Operator
Deutsche Post AG
gmbh
gmbh
Name
gmbh
Translation
GmbH
Restrictions
Upon request, you will be required to demonstrate current or pending designation as a GmbH company whose existence can be validated with the respective public authorities in Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein or Switzerland.
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
haus
haus
Name
haus
Translation
"house"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
immobilien
immobilien
Name
immobilien
Translation
"real estate"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
jetzt
jetzt
Name
jetzt
Translation
"now"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
kaufen
kaufen
Name
kaufen
Translation
"buy"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
kinder
kinder
Name
kinder
Translation
"children"
Restrictions
restricted .brand TLD
Operator
Ferrero Trading Lux S.A.
reise
reise
Name
reise
Translation
"travel"
Restrictions
Must be an eligible member of the travel business community; also, domain must be used for travel-related purposes.
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
reisen
reisen
Name
reisen
Translation
"traveling"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
schule
schule
Name
schule
Translation
"school"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
versicherung
versicherung
Name
versicherung
Translation
"insurance"
Restrictions
—
IDN
Latin script
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Translation | Restrictions | Operator | IDN | DNSSEC |
| epost | e-mail | — | Deutsche Post AG | ||
| gmbh | GmbH | Upon request, you will be required to demonstrate current or pending designation as a GmbH company whose existence can be validated with the respective public authorities in Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein or Switzerland. | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| haus | "house" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| immobilien | "real estate" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| jetzt | "now" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| kaufen | "buy" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| kinder | "children" | restricted TLD | Ferrero Trading Lux S.A. | ||
| reise | "travel" | Must be an eligible member of the travel business community; also, domain must be used for travel-related purposes. | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| reisen | "traveling" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| schule | "school" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| versicherung | "insurance" | — | Latin script | Yes |
· ICANN-era generic top-level domains › Hindi
desi
desi
Name
desi
Translation
Desi (देसी), term for the peoples of the Indian subcontinent
Restrictions
—
Operator
Desi Networks
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
shiksha
shiksha
Name
shiksha
Translation
शिक्षा, "education"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Translation | Restrictions | Operator | IDN | DNSSEC |
| desi | Desi (देसी), term for the peoples of the Indian subcontinent | — | Desi Networks | Unknown | Yes |
| shiksha | शिक्षा, "education" | — | Identity Digital | Unknown | Yes |
· ICANN-era generic top-level domains › Italian (.it)
casa
casa
Name
casa
Translation
"house"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Minds + Machines
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
immo
immo
Name
immo
Translation
French, German, and Italian abbreviation for "real estate"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
moda
moda
Name
moda
Translation
"fashion"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
voto
voto
Name
voto
Translation
"vote", for election and campaign websites
Restrictions
Must use the domain in connection with a "clearly identified political/democratic process." Initially only available to registrations in the United States.
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Translation | Restrictions | Operator | IDN | DNSSEC |
| casa | "house" | — | Minds + Machines | Yes | Yes |
| immo | French, German, and Italian abbreviation for "real estate" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| moda | "fashion" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| voto | "vote", for election and campaign websites | Must use the domain in connection with a "clearly identified political/democratic process." Initially only available to registrations in the United States. | Identity Digital | Unknown | Yes |
· ICANN-era generic top-level domains › Portuguese (.pt)
bom
bom
Name
bom
Translation
"good"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR - NIC.br
passagens
passagens
Name
passagens
Translation
"ticket"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Travel Reservations SRL
| Name | Translation | Restrictions | Operator | IDN | DNSSEC |
| bom | "good" | — | Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR - NIC.br | ||
| passagens | "ticket" | — | Travel Reservations SRL |
· ICANN-era generic top-level domains › Spanish (.es)
abogado
abogado
Name
abogado
Translation
"lawyer"
Restrictions
To be restricted to licensed lawyers or law firms.
Operator
Minds + Machines
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
futbol
futbol
Name
futbol
Translation
"Football" (soccer)
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
gratis
gratis
Name
gratis
Translation
"free"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
hoteles
hoteles
Name
hoteles
Translation
"hotels"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Travel Reservations SRL
juegos
juegos
Name
juegos
Translation
"games"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Uniregistry
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
ltda
ltda
Name
ltda
Translation
companies in South America
Restrictions
Domains are limited to registered LTDAs (like LLCs) in Brazil, Colombia, Chile, and Ecuador.
Operator
InterNetX
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
soy
soy
Name
soy
Translation
"I am"Also refers to the soybean and its food derivatives
Restrictions
—
Operator
Charleston Road Registry Inc. (Google)
IDN
Latin script, Japanese
DNSSEC
Yes
tienda
tienda
Name
tienda
Translation
"shop", "store"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
uno
uno
Name
uno
Translation
"one", for websites targeting Spanish speaking consumers
Restrictions
—
IDN
Spanish
DNSSEC
Yes
viajes
viajes
Name
viajes
Translation
"travel" or "trips"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Spanish
DNSSEC
Yes
vuelos
vuelos
Name
vuelos
Translation
"flights"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Travel Reservations SRL
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Translation | Restrictions | Operator | IDN | DNSSEC |
| abogado | "lawyer" | To be restricted to licensed lawyers or law firms. | Minds + Machines | Unknown | Yes |
| futbol | "Football" (soccer) | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| gratis | "free" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| hoteles | "hotels" | — | Travel Reservations SRL | ||
| juegos | "games" | — | Uniregistry | Yes | Yes |
| ltda | companies in South America | Domains are limited to registered LTDAs (like LLCs) in Brazil, Colombia, Chile, and Ecuador. | InterNetX | Unknown | Yes |
| soy | "I am"Also refers to the soybean and its food derivatives | — | Charleston Road Registry Inc. (Google) | Latin script, Japanese | Yes |
| tienda | "shop", "store" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| uno | "one", for websites targeting Spanish speaking consumers | — | Spanish | Yes | |
| viajes | "travel" or "trips" | — | Identity Digital | Spanish | Yes |
| vuelos | "flights" | — | Travel Reservations SRL | Yes | Yes |
· Internationalized generic top-level domains › Arabic script
xn--4gbrim
xn--4gbrim
DNS Name
xn--4gbrim
IDN
موقع
Language
Arabic
Script
Arabic
Transliteration
mawqiʿ
English Translation
"site" or "location"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--fhbei
xn--fhbei
DNS Name
xn--fhbei
IDN
كوم
Script
Arabic
Transliteration
kūm
English Translation
com
Notes
Owned by: VeriSign Sarl
xn--mgbb9fbpob
xn--mgbb9fbpob
DNS Name
xn--mgbb9fbpob
IDN
موبايلي
Script
Arabic
Transliteration
mūbāylī
English Translation
Mobily
Notes
Owned by: GreenTech Consultancy Company W.L.L.
xn--mgbi4ecexp
xn--mgbi4ecexp
DNS Name
xn--mgbi4ecexp
IDN
كاثوليك
Script
Arabic
Transliteration
kāthūlīk
English Translation
Catholic
Notes
Owned by: Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication)
xn--ngbc5azd
xn--ngbc5azd
DNS Name
xn--ngbc5azd
IDN
شبكة
Language
Arabic
Script
Arabic
Transliteration
shabaka
English Translation
"network"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--ngbe9e0a
xn--ngbe9e0a
DNS Name
xn--ngbe9e0a
IDN
بيتك
Script
Arabic
Transliteration
baytak
English Translation
your home
Notes
Owned by: Kuwait Finance House
xn--mgbab2bd
xn--mgbab2bd
DNS Name
xn--mgbab2bd
IDN
بازار
Language
Persian
Script
Arabic
Transliteration
bâzâr
English Translation
"market", "bazaar"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
| DNS Name | IDN | Language | Script | Transliteration | English Translation | Notes | DNSSEC |
| xn--4gbrim | موقع | Arabic | Arabic | mawqiʿ | "site" or "location" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--fhbei | كوم | Arabic | kūm | com | Owned by: VeriSign Sarl | ||
| xn--mgbb9fbpob | موبايلي | Arabic | mūbāylī | Mobily | Owned by: GreenTech Consultancy Company W.L.L. | ||
| xn--mgbi4ecexp | كاثوليك | Arabic | kāthūlīk | Catholic | Owned by: Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication) | ||
| xn--ngbc5azd | شبكة | Arabic | Arabic | shabaka | "network" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--ngbe9e0a | بيتك | Arabic | baytak | your home | Owned by: Kuwait Finance House | ||
| xn--mgbab2bd | بازار | Persian | Arabic | bâzâr | "market", "bazaar" | Open TLD | Yes |
· Internationalized generic top-level domains › Chinese characters
xn--3ds443g
xn--3ds443g
DNS Name
xn--3ds443g
IDN
在线
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
zàixiàn
English Translation
"online"
Notes
Open TLD.The Chinese Government quickly bought 20,000 internationalized subdomains for localities.
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--fiq228c5hs
xn--fiq228c5hs
DNS Name
xn--fiq228c5hs
IDN
中文网
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
Zhōngwén wǎng
English Translation
"(written) Chinese (language) network"
Notes
Open TLD.The Chinese Government quickly bought 20,000 IDN for localities.
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--ses554g
xn--ses554g
DNS Name
xn--ses554g
IDN
网址
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
wǎngzhǐ
English Translation
"network address" or "website"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--5tzm5g
xn--5tzm5g
DNS Name
xn--5tzm5g
IDN
网站
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
wǎngzhàn
English Translation
"website"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--io0a7i
xn--io0a7i
DNS Name
xn--io0a7i
IDN
网络
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
wǎngluò
English Translation
"network"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--55qx5d
xn--55qx5d
DNS Name
xn--55qx5d
IDN
公司
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified and Traditional)
Transliteration
gōngsī
English Translation
"business organization" or "company"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--czru2d
xn--czru2d
DNS Name
xn--czru2d
IDN
商城
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified and Traditional)
Transliteration
shāngchéng
English Translation
"mall"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--nqv7f
xn--nqv7f
DNS Name
xn--nqv7f
IDN
机构
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
jīgòu
English Translation
"agency"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--6qq986b3xl
xn--6qq986b3xl
DNS Name
xn--6qq986b3xl
IDN
我爱你
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
wǒ ài nǐ
English Translation
"I love you"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--czr694b
xn--czr694b
DNS Name
xn--czr694b
IDN
商标
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
shāngbiāo
English Translation
"trademark"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--rhqv96g
xn--rhqv96g
DNS Name
xn--rhqv96g
IDN
世界
Language
Chinese and Japanese
Script
Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Kanji (Shinjitai and Kyūjitai)
Transliteration
shìjièsekai
English Translation
"world"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--3bst00m
xn--3bst00m
DNS Name
xn--3bst00m
IDN
集团
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
jítuán
English Translation
"conglomerate"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--30rr7y
xn--30rr7y
DNS Name
xn--30rr7y
IDN
慈善
Language
Chinese and Japanese
Script
Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Kanji (Kyūjitai and Shinjitai)
Transliteration
císhànjizen
English Translation
"philanthropy"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--45q11c
xn--45q11c
DNS Name
xn--45q11c
IDN
八卦
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified and Traditional)
Transliteration
bāguà
English Translation
"gossip"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--55qw42g
xn--55qw42g
DNS Name
xn--55qw42g
IDN
公益
Language
Chinese and Japanese
Script
Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Kanji (Shinjitai and Kyūjitai)
Transliteration
gōngyìkōeki
English Translation
"philanthropy"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--g2xx48c
xn--g2xx48c
DNS Name
xn--g2xx48c
IDN
购物
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified and Traditional)
Transliteration
gòuwù
English Translation
"shopping"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--kput3i
xn--kput3i
DNS Name
xn--kput3i
IDN
手机
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified and Traditional)
Transliteration
shǒujī
English Translation
"cell phone"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--mxtq1m
xn--mxtq1m
DNS Name
xn--mxtq1m
IDN
政府
Language
Hani Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified and Traditional)
Transliteration
zhèngfǔ
English Translation
"public affairs
Notes
Second level restricted to ISO3166-1 country codes; third level registrations restricted to governmental organizations, or public institutions
DNSSEC
Yes
| DNS Name | IDN | Language | Script | Transliteration | English Translation | Notes | DNSSEC |
| xn--3ds443g | 在线 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | zàixiàn | "online" | Open TLD.The Chinese Government quickly bought 20,000 internationalized subdomains for localities. | Yes |
| xn--fiq228c5hs | 中文网 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | Zhōngwén wǎng | "(written) Chinese (language) network" | Open TLD.The Chinese Government quickly bought 20,000 IDN for localities. | Yes |
| xn--ses554g | 网址 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | wǎngzhǐ | "network address" or "website" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--5tzm5g | 网站 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | wǎngzhàn | "website" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--io0a7i | 网络 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | wǎngluò | "network" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--55qx5d | 公司 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) | gōngsī | "business organization" or "company" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--czru2d | 商城 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) | shāngchéng | "mall" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--nqv7f | 机构 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | jīgòu | "agency" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--6qq986b3xl | 我爱你 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | wǒ ài nǐ | "I love you" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--czr694b | 商标 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | shāngbiāo | "trademark" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--rhqv96g | 世界 | Chinese and Japanese | Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Kanji (Shinjitai and Kyūjitai) | shìjièsekai | "world" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--3bst00m | 集团 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | jítuán | "conglomerate" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--30rr7y | 慈善 | Chinese and Japanese | Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Kanji (Kyūjitai and Shinjitai) | císhànjizen | "philanthropy" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--45q11c | 八卦 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) | bāguà | "gossip" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--55qw42g | 公益 | Chinese and Japanese | Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Kanji (Shinjitai and Kyūjitai) | gōngyìkōeki | "philanthropy" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--g2xx48c | 购物 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) | gòuwù | "shopping" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--kput3i | 手机 | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) | shǒujī | "cell phone" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--mxtq1m | 政府 | Hani Chinese | Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) | zhèngfǔ | "public affairs | Second level restricted to ISO3166-1 country codes; third level registrations restricted to governmental organizations, or public institutions | Yes |
· Internationalized generic top-level domains › Cyrillic script
xn--d1acj3b
xn--d1acj3b
DNS Name
xn--d1acj3b
IDN
дети
Language
Russian
Script
Cyrillic (Russian)
Transliteration
dyeti
English Translation
"kids" or "children"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--80aqecdr1a
xn--80aqecdr1a
DNS Name
xn--80aqecdr1a
IDN
католик
Script
Cyrillic
Transliteration
Katolik
English Translation
"сatholic" (as noun)
Notes
Owned by: Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (Pontifical Council for Social Communications)
xn--j1aef
xn--j1aef
DNS Name
xn--j1aef
IDN
ком
Language
Russian
Script
Cyrillic (Russian)
Transliteration
kom
English Translation
"com"
Notes
Owned by: VeriSign Sarl
xn--80asehdb
xn--80asehdb
DNS Name
xn--80asehdb
IDN
онлайн
Language
Russian
Script
Cyrillic (Russian)
Transliteration
onlain
English Translation
"online"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--c1avg
xn--c1avg
DNS Name
xn--c1avg
IDN
орг
Language
Russian
Script
Cyrillic (Russian)
Transliteration
org
English Translation
"org" or "organization"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--80aswg
xn--80aswg
DNS Name
xn--80aswg
IDN
сайт
Language
Russian
Script
Cyrillic (Russian)
Transliteration
sait
English Translation
"site"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
| DNS Name | IDN | Language | Script | Transliteration | English Translation | Notes | DNSSEC |
| xn--d1acj3b | дети | Russian | Cyrillic (Russian) | dyeti | "kids" or "children" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--80aqecdr1a | католик | Cyrillic | Katolik | "сatholic" (as noun) | Owned by: Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (Pontifical Council for Social Communications) | ||
| xn--j1aef | ком | Russian | Cyrillic (Russian) | kom | "com" | Owned by: VeriSign Sarl | |
| xn--80asehdb | онлайн | Russian | Cyrillic (Russian) | onlain | "online" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--c1avg | орг | Russian | Cyrillic (Russian) | org | "org" or "organization" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--80aswg | сайт | Russian | Cyrillic (Russian) | sait | "site" | Open TLD | Yes |
· Internationalized generic top-level domains › Japanese characters
xn--q9jyb4c
xn--q9jyb4c
DNS Name
xn--q9jyb4c
IDN
みんな
Language
Japanese
Script
Hiragana
Transliteration
minna
English Translation
everyone
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--1ck2e1b
xn--1ck2e1b
DNS Name
xn--1ck2e1b
IDN
セール
Language
Japanese
Script
Katakana
Transliteration
sēru
English Translation
sale
Notes
Owned by: Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
xn--bck1b9a5dre4c
xn--bck1b9a5dre4c
DNS Name
xn--bck1b9a5dre4c
IDN
ファッション
Language
Japanese
Script
Katakana
Transliteration
fasshon
English Translation
fashion
xn--cck2b3b
xn--cck2b3b
DNS Name
xn--cck2b3b
IDN
ストア
Language
Japanese
Script
Katakana
Transliteration
sutoa
English Translation
store
xn--eckvdtc9d
xn--eckvdtc9d
DNS Name
xn--eckvdtc9d
IDN
ポイント
Language
Japanese
Script
Katakana
Transliteration
pointo
English Translation
point
xn--gckr3f0f
xn--gckr3f0f
DNS Name
xn--gckr3f0f
IDN
クラウド
Language
Japanese
Script
Katakana
Transliteration
kuraudo
English Translation
cloud
xn--tckwe
xn--tckwe
DNS Name
xn--tckwe
IDN
コム
Language
Japanese
Script
Katakana
Transliteration
komu
English Translation
com
Notes
Owned by: VeriSign Sarl
| DNS Name | IDN | Language | Script | Transliteration | English Translation | Notes | DNSSEC |
| xn--q9jyb4c | みんな | Japanese | Hiragana | minna | everyone | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--1ck2e1b | セール | Japanese | Katakana | sēru | sale | Owned by: Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | |
| xn--bck1b9a5dre4c | ファッション | Japanese | Katakana | fasshon | fashion | ||
| xn--cck2b3b | ストア | Japanese | Katakana | sutoa | store | ||
| xn--eckvdtc9d | ポイント | Japanese | Katakana | pointo | point | ||
| xn--gckr3f0f | クラウド | Japanese | Katakana | kuraudo | cloud | ||
| xn--tckwe | コム | Japanese | Katakana | komu | com | Owned by: VeriSign Sarl |
· Internationalized generic top-level domains › Other script
xn--54b7fta0cc
xn--54b7fta0cc
DNS Name
xn--54b7fta0cc
IDN
বাংলা
Language
Bengali
Script
Bengali
Transliteration
Bānlā
English Translation
Bangla
Notes
Open TLD
xn‑‑h2brj9c
xn‑‑h2brj9c
DNS Name
xn‑‑h2brj9c
IDN
भारत
Language
Hindi
Script
Devanagari
Transliteration
bharat
English Translation
India
xn--i1b6b1a6a2e
xn--i1b6b1a6a2e
DNS Name
xn--i1b6b1a6a2e
IDN
संगठन
Language
Marathi, Hindi
Script
Devanagari
Transliteration
saṅgaṭhana
English Translation
"organization"
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--11b4c3d
xn--11b4c3d
DNS Name
xn--11b4c3d
IDN
कॉम
Language
Marathi, Hindi
Script
Devanagari
Transliteration
kom
English Translation
com
xn--c2br7g
xn--c2br7g
DNS Name
xn--c2br7g
IDN
नेट
Language
Marathi, Hindi
Script
Devanagari
Transliteration
net
English Translation
net
xn--mk1bu44c
xn--mk1bu44c
DNS Name
xn--mk1bu44c
IDN
닷컴
Language
Korean
Script
Hangul
Transliteration
datkeom / tatk'ŏm
English Translation
dotcom
xn--t60b56a
xn--t60b56a
DNS Name
xn--t60b56a
IDN
닷넷
Language
Korean
Script
Hangul
Transliteration
datnet / tatnet
English Translation
dotnet
xn--9dbq2a
xn--9dbq2a
DNS Name
xn--9dbq2a
IDN
קום
Language
Hebrew
Script
Hebrew
Transliteration
kum
English Translation
com
Notes
Open TLD
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--42c2d9a
xn--42c2d9a
DNS Name
xn--42c2d9a
IDN
คอม
Language
Thai
Script
Thai
Transliteration
khom
English Translation
com
| DNS Name | IDN | Language | Script | Transliteration | English Translation | Notes | DNSSEC |
| xn--54b7fta0cc | বাংলা | Bengali | Bengali | Bānlā | Bangla | Open TLD | |
| xn‑‑h2brj9c | भारत | Hindi | Devanagari | bharat | India | ||
| xn--i1b6b1a6a2e | संगठन | Marathi, Hindi | Devanagari | saṅgaṭhana | "organization" | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--11b4c3d | कॉम | Marathi, Hindi | Devanagari | kom | com | ||
| xn--c2br7g | नेट | Marathi, Hindi | Devanagari | net | net | ||
| xn--mk1bu44c | 닷컴 | Korean | Hangul | datkeom / tatk'ŏm | dotcom | ||
| xn--t60b56a | 닷넷 | Korean | Hangul | datnet / tatnet | dotnet | ||
| xn--9dbq2a | קום | Hebrew | Hebrew | kum | com | Open TLD | Yes |
| xn--42c2d9a | คอม | Thai | Thai | khom | com |
· Geographic top-level domains › Africa
africa
africa
Name
africa
Entity
Africa
DNSSEC
Yes
capetown
capetown
Name
capetown
Entity
Cape Town, South Africa
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
durban
durban
Name
durban
Entity
Durban, South Africa
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
joburg
joburg
Name
joburg
Entity
Johannesburg, South Africa
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| africa | Africa | Yes | ||
| capetown | Cape Town, South Africa | Unknown | Yes | |
| durban | Durban, South Africa | Unknown | Yes | |
| joburg | Johannesburg, South Africa | Unknown | Yes |
· Geographic top-level domains › Asia
abudhabi
abudhabi
Name
abudhabi
Entity
Abu Dhabi, UAE
DNSSEC
Yes
arab
arab
Name
arab
Entity
League of Arab States
DNSSEC
Yes
asia
asia
Name
asia
Entity
Asia–Pacific region
Notes
This is a TLD for companies, organizations, and individuals based in the region of Asia, Australia, and the Pacific.
IDN
Chinese, Japanese, Korean
DNSSEC
Yes
doha
doha
Name
doha
Entity
Doha, Qatar
dubai
dubai
Name
dubai
Entity
Dubai, UAE
DNSSEC
Yes
krd
krd
Name
krd
Entity
Kurdistan
Notes
This is a TLD for companies, organizations, and individuals based in the region of Kurdistan
IDN
Kurdish
DNSSEC
Yes
kyoto
kyoto
Name
kyoto
Entity
Kyoto, Japan
DNSSEC
Yes
nagoya
nagoya
Name
nagoya
Entity
Nagoya, Japan
IDN
Japanese
DNSSEC
Yes
okinawa
okinawa
Name
okinawa
Entity
Okinawa, Japan
IDN
Japanese
DNSSEC
Yes
osaka
osaka
Name
osaka
Entity
Osaka, Japan
DNSSEC
Yes
ryukyu
ryukyu
Name
ryukyu
Entity
Ryukyu Islands, Japan
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
taipei
taipei
Name
taipei
Entity
Taipei, Taiwan
Notes
Introduced in September 2014
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
tokyo
tokyo
Name
tokyo
Entity
Tokyo, Japan
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
yokohama
yokohama
Name
yokohama
Entity
Yokohama, Japan
IDN
Japanese
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| abudhabi | Abu Dhabi, UAE | Yes | ||
| arab | League of Arab States | Yes | ||
| asia | Asia–Pacific region | This is a TLD for companies, organizations, and individuals based in the region of Asia, Australia, and the Pacific. | Chinese, Japanese, Korean | Yes |
| doha | Doha, Qatar | |||
| dubai | Dubai, UAE | Yes | ||
| krd | Kurdistan | This is a TLD for companies, organizations, and individuals based in the region of Kurdistan | Kurdish | Yes |
| kyoto | Kyoto, Japan | Yes | ||
| nagoya | Nagoya, Japan | Japanese | Yes | |
| okinawa | Okinawa, Japan | Japanese | Yes | |
| osaka | Osaka, Japan | Yes | ||
| ryukyu | Ryukyu Islands, Japan | Unknown | Yes | |
| taipei | Taipei, Taiwan | Introduced in September 2014 | Unknown | Yes |
| tokyo | Tokyo, Japan | Yes | Yes | |
| yokohama | Yokohama, Japan | Japanese | Yes |
Geographic TLDs in France · Geographic top-level domains › Europe
alsace
alsace
Name
alsace
Entity
Alsace
Notes
"The purpose of .ALSACE is to bring Alsatian culture and identity to the Internet, make our region more visible internationally and boost the digital economy in Alsace."
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
bzh
bzh
Name
bzh
Entity
Brittany; Breton language and culture
Notes
Breizh in Breton. This is a TLD for Web sites in the Breton language or related to Breton culture
IDN
French
DNSSEC
Yes
cat
cat
Name
cat
Entity
Catalonia; Catalan language and culture
Notes
This is a TLD for Web sites in the Catalan language or related to Catalan culture.
IDN
Catalan
DNSSEC
Yes
corsica
corsica
Name
corsica
Entity
Corsica
Notes
TLD Related to Corsican Culture
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
eus
eus
Name
eus
Entity
Basque, Spain and France
Notes
Euskal Herria in Basque. Web sites must be in the Basque language and are checked periodically.
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
paris
paris
Name
paris
Entity
Paris
Notes
"Must be an individual or corporate entity with a bona fide presence in the Greater area of Paris"
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| alsace | Alsace | "The purpose of is to bring Alsatian culture and identity to the Internet, make our region more visible internationally and boost the digital economy in Alsace." | Unknown | Yes |
| bzh | Brittany; Breton language and culture | Breizh in Breton. This is a TLD for Web sites in the Breton language or related to Breton culture | French | Yes |
| cat | Catalonia; Catalan language and culture | This is a TLD for Web sites in the Catalan language or related to Catalan culture. | Catalan | Yes |
| corsica | Corsica | TLD Related to Corsican Culture | Unknown | Yes |
| eus | Basque, Spain and France | Euskal Herria in Basque. Web sites must be in the Basque language and are checked periodically. | Unknown | Yes |
| paris | Paris | "Must be an individual or corporate entity with a bona fide presence in the Greater area of Paris" | Yes | Yes |
Geographic TLDs in Germany · Geographic top-level domains › Europe
bayern
bayern
Name
bayern
Entity
Bavaria
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
berlin
berlin
Name
berlin
Entity
Berlin
Notes
Must have a connection to Berlin, Germany. For example: a company based in Berlin, a person from Berlin, etc.
IDN
Latin and Cyrillic scripts
DNSSEC
Yes
cologne
cologne
Name
cologne
Entity
Cologne
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
koeln
koeln
Name
koeln
Notes
Yes
IDN
Yes
hamburg
hamburg
Name
hamburg
Entity
Hamburg
IDN
Latin script
DNSSEC
Yes
nrw
nrw
Name
nrw
Entity
North Rhine-Westphalia
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
ruhr
ruhr
Name
ruhr
Entity
Ruhr
IDN
German
DNSSEC
Yes
saarland
saarland
Name
saarland
Entity
Saarland
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| bayern | Bavaria | Yes | Yes | |
| berlin | Berlin | Must have a connection to Berlin, Germany. For example: a company based in Berlin, a person from Berlin, etc. | Latin and Cyrillic scripts | Yes |
| cologne | Cologne | Yes | Yes | |
| koeln | Yes | Yes | ||
| hamburg | Hamburg | Latin script | Yes | |
| nrw | North Rhine-Westphalia | Yes | Yes | |
| ruhr | Ruhr | German | Yes | |
| saarland | Saarland | Unknown | Yes |
Geographic TLDs in Spain · Geographic top-level domains › Europe
bcn
bcn
Name
bcn
Entity
Barcelona
DNSSEC
Yes
barcelona
barcelona
Name
barcelona
Notes
Unknown
IDN
Yes
cat
cat
Name
cat
Entity
Catalonia; Catalan language and culture
Notes
This is a TLD for Web sites in the Catalan language or related to Catalan culture.
IDN
Catalan
DNSSEC
Yes
eus
eus
Name
eus
Entity
Basque, Spain and France
Notes
Euskal Herria in Basque. Web sites must be in the Basque language and are checked periodically.
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
gal
gal
Name
gal
Entity
Galicia
Notes
This is a TLD for Web sites in the Galician language or related to Galician culture.
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
madrid
madrid
Name
madrid
Entity
Madrid
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| bcn | Barcelona | Yes | ||
| barcelona | Unknown | Yes | ||
| cat | Catalonia; Catalan language and culture | This is a TLD for Web sites in the Catalan language or related to Catalan culture. | Catalan | Yes |
| eus | Basque, Spain and France | Euskal Herria in Basque. Web sites must be in the Basque language and are checked periodically. | Unknown | Yes |
| gal | Galicia | This is a TLD for Web sites in the Galician language or related to Galician culture. | Unknown | Yes |
| madrid | Madrid | Unknown | Yes |
Other European Geographic TLDs · Geographic top-level domains › Europe
eu
eu
Name
eu
Entity
European Union
Notes
Available for any person, company or organization based in the European Union.
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
amsterdam
amsterdam
Name
amsterdam
Entity
Amsterdam, Netherlands
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
bar
bar
Name
bar
Entity
Bar, Montenegro
Notes
Mostly used for bars and other alcohol facilities worldwide
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
brussels
brussels
Name
brussels
Entity
Brussels, Belgium
IDN
Latin script
DNSSEC
Yes
cymru
cymru
Name
cymru
Entity
Wales, United Kingdom
IDN
Welsh
DNSSEC
Yes
wales
wales
Name
wales
Notes
Welsh
IDN
Yes
frl
frl
Name
frl
Entity
Friesland, Netherlands
Notes
Fryslân in (West) Frisian, one of the twelve provinces in the Netherlands.
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
gent
gent
Name
gent
Entity
Ghent, Belgium
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
helsinki
helsinki
Name
helsinki
Entity
Helsinki, Finland
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
irish
irish
Name
irish
Entity
Ireland and Irish diaspora
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
ist
ist
Name
ist
Entity
Istanbul, Turkey
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
istanbul
istanbul
Name
istanbul
Notes
Unknown
IDN
Yes
london
london
Name
london
Entity
London, United Kingdom
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
moscow [ru]
moscow [ru]
Name
moscow [ru]
Entity
Moscow, Russia
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
scot
scot
Name
scot
Entity
Scotland, United Kingdom
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
stockholm
stockholm
Name
stockholm
Entity
Stockholm, Sweden
Notes
Used only by the city organisation itself.
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
swiss
swiss
Name
swiss
Entity
Switzerland
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
tatar
tatar
Name
tatar
Entity
Tatar peoples and places
Notes
Tatarstan is a region in Russia, though this TLD is meant for the global Tatar community.
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
tirol
tirol
Name
tirol
Entity
Tyrol, Austria
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
vlaanderen
vlaanderen
Name
vlaanderen
Entity
Flanders, Belgium
IDN
Latin script
DNSSEC
Yes
wien
wien
Name
wien
Entity
Vienna, Austria
IDN
Latin script
DNSSEC
Yes
zuerich
zuerich
Name
zuerich
Entity
Zurich, Switzerland
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
su
su
Name
su
Entity
Soviet Union
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| eu | European Union | Available for any person, company or organization based in the European Union. | Yes | Yes |
| amsterdam | Amsterdam, Netherlands | Unknown | Yes | |
| bar | Bar, Montenegro | Mostly used for bars and other alcohol facilities worldwide | Unknown | Yes |
| brussels | Brussels, Belgium | Latin script | Yes | |
| cymru | Wales, United Kingdom | Welsh | Yes | |
| wales | Welsh | Yes | ||
| frl | Friesland, Netherlands | Fryslân in (West) Frisian, one of the twelve provinces in the Netherlands. | Unknown | Yes |
| gent | Ghent, Belgium | Unknown | Yes | |
| helsinki | Helsinki, Finland | Unknown | Yes | |
| irish | Ireland and Irish diaspora | Unknown | Yes | |
| ist | Istanbul, Turkey | Unknown | Yes | |
| istanbul | Unknown | Yes | ||
| london | London, United Kingdom | Yes | Yes | |
| moscow [ru] | Moscow, Russia | Yes | Yes | |
| scot | Scotland, United Kingdom | Unknown | Yes | |
| stockholm | Stockholm, Sweden | Used only by the city organisation itself. | Yes | Yes |
| swiss | Switzerland | Yes | Yes | |
| tatar | Tatar peoples and places | Tatarstan is a region in Russia, though this TLD is meant for the global Tatar community. | Unknown | Yes |
| tirol | Tyrol, Austria | Yes | Yes | |
| vlaanderen | Flanders, Belgium | Latin script | Yes | |
| wien | Vienna, Austria | Latin script | Yes | |
| zuerich | Zurich, Switzerland | Unknown | Yes | |
| su | Soviet Union | Yes | Yes |
· Geographic top-level domains › North America
boston
boston
Name
boston
Entity
Boston, United States
DNSSEC
Yes
Alternatives
boston.ma.us
miami
miami
Name
miami
Entity
Miami, United States
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
Alternatives
miami.us
nyc
nyc
Name
nyc
Entity
New York City, United States
IDN
Spanish
DNSSEC
Yes
Alternatives
new-york.ny.us
quebec
quebec
Name
quebec
Entity
Quebec, Canada
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
Alternatives
qc.ca
vegas
vegas
Name
vegas
Entity
Las Vegas, United States
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
Alternatives
las-vegas.nv.us
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC | Alternatives |
| boston | Boston, United States | Yes | boston.ma.us | ||
| miami | Miami, United States | Unknown | Yes | miami.us | |
| nyc | New York City, United States | Spanish | Yes | new-york.ny.us | |
| quebec | Quebec, Canada | Unknown | Yes | qc.ca | |
| vegas | Las Vegas, United States | Yes | Yes | las-vegas.nv.us |
· Geographic top-level domains › Oceania
kiwi
kiwi
Name
kiwi
Entity
New Zealanders
IDN
Latin script
DNSSEC
Yes
melbourne
melbourne
Name
melbourne
Entity
Melbourne, Australia
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
sydney
sydney
Name
sydney
Entity
Australia
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| kiwi | New Zealanders | Latin script | Yes | |
| melbourne | Melbourne, Australia | Unknown | Yes | |
| sydney | Australia | Unknown | Yes |
· Geographic top-level domains › South America
lat
lat
Name
lat
Entity
Latin America
IDN
Spanish
DNSSEC
Yes
rio
rio
Name
rio
Entity
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| lat | Latin America | Spanish | Yes | |
| rio | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Unknown | Yes |
· Internationalized geographic top-level domains
xn--1qqw23a
xn--1qqw23a
DNS name
xn--1qqw23a
Display name
佛山
Entity
Foshan, China
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
fat6 saan1
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--xhq521b
xn--xhq521b
DNS name
xn--xhq521b
Display name
广东
Entity
Guangdong, China
Language
Chinese
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
gwong2 dung1
xn--80adxhks
xn--80adxhks
DNS name
xn--80adxhks
Display name
москва [ru]
Entity
Moscow, Russia
Language
Russian
Script
Cyrillic (Russian)
Transliteration
moskva
Other TLD
moscow
IDN
Russian
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--p1acf
xn--p1acf
DNS name
xn--p1acf
Display name
рус
Entity
Russian language, post-Soviet states
Language
Russian
Script
Cyrillic (Russian)
Transliteration
rus
Other TLD
su
xn--mgbca7dzdo
xn--mgbca7dzdo
DNS name
xn--mgbca7dzdo
Display name
ابوظبي
Entity
Abu Dhabi
Language
Arabic
Script
Arabic
Transliteration
Abū Ẓabī
Other TLD
abudhabi
xn--ngbrx
xn--ngbrx
DNS name
xn--ngbrx
Display name
عرب
Entity
Arab
Language
Arabic
Script
Arabic
Transliteration
‘Arab
| DNS name | Display name | Entity | Language | Script | Transliteration | Notes | Other TLD | IDN | DNSSEC |
| xn--1qqw23a | 佛山 | Foshan, China | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | fat6 saan1 | Yes | Yes | ||
| xn--xhq521b | 广东 | Guangdong, China | Chinese | Chinese (Simplified) | gwong2 dung1 | ||||
| xn--80adxhks | москва [ru] | Moscow, Russia | Russian | Cyrillic (Russian) | moskva | moscow | Russian | Yes | |
| xn--p1acf | рус | Russian language, post-Soviet states | Russian | Cyrillic (Russian) | rus | su | |||
| xn--mgbca7dzdo | ابوظبي | Abu Dhabi | Arabic | Arabic | Abū Ẓabī | abudhabi | |||
| xn--ngbrx | عرب | Arab | Arabic | Arabic | ‘Arab |
· Brand and corporate top-level domains
aaa
aaa
Name
aaa
Entity
American Automobile Association
DNSSEC
Yes
aarp
aarp
Name
aarp
Entity
AARP
DNSSEC
Yes
abarth
abarth
Name
abarth
Entity
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (Abarth)
abb
abb
Name
abb
Entity
ABB
DNSSEC
Yes
abbott
abbott
Name
abbott
Entity
Abbott Laboratories
DNSSEC
Yes
abbvie
abbvie
Name
abbvie
Entity
AbbVie
DNSSEC
Yes
abc
abc
Name
abc
Entity
American Broadcasting Company
DNSSEC
Yes
accenture
accenture
Name
accenture
Entity
Accenture
DNSSEC
Yes
aco
aco
Name
aco
Entity
ACO Severin Ahlmann GmbH & Co. KG
DNSSEC
Yes
aeg
aeg
Name
aeg
Entity
Aktiebolaget Electrolux
DNSSEC
Yes
aetna
aetna
Name
aetna
Entity
Aetna
DNSSEC
Yes
afl
afl
Name
afl
Entity
Australian Football League
DNSSEC
Yes
agakhan
agakhan
Name
agakhan
Entity
Aga Khan Foundation
DNSSEC
Yes
aig
aig
Name
aig
Entity
American International Group
DNSSEC
Yes
aigo
aigo
Name
aigo
Entity
Aigo
airbus
airbus
Name
airbus
Entity
Airbus
DNSSEC
Yes
airtel
airtel
Name
airtel
Entity
Bharti Airtel
DNSSEC
Yes
akdn
akdn
Name
akdn
Entity
Aga Khan Foundation
DNSSEC
Yes
alfaromeo
alfaromeo
Name
alfaromeo
Entity
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (Alfa Romeo)
alibaba
alibaba
Name
alibaba
Entity
Alibaba Group
DNSSEC
Yes
alipay
alipay
Name
alipay
Entity
Alibaba Group
DNSSEC
Yes
allfinanz
allfinanz
Name
allfinanz
Entity
Allfinanz Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
allstate
allstate
Name
allstate
Entity
Allstate
DNSSEC
Yes
ally
ally
Name
ally
Entity
Ally Financial
DNSSEC
Yes
alstom
alstom
Name
alstom
Entity
Alstom
DNSSEC
Yes
amazon
amazon
Name
amazon
Entity
Amazon
DNSSEC
Yes
americanexpress
americanexpress
Name
americanexpress
Entity
American Express
DNSSEC
Yes
amex
amex
Name
amex
Entity
American Express
DNSSEC
Yes
amica
amica
Name
amica
Entity
Amica Mutual Insurance
DNSSEC
Yes
android
android
Name
android
Entity
Google (Android)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
anz
anz
Name
anz
Entity
Australia & New Zealand Banking Group
DNSSEC
Yes
aol
aol
Name
aol
Entity
AOL
DNSSEC
Yes
apple
apple
Name
apple
Entity
Apple
DNSSEC
Yes
aquarelle
aquarelle
Name
aquarelle
Entity
Aquarelle.com Group
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
aramco
aramco
Name
aramco
Entity
Aramco
DNSSEC
Yes
audi
audi
Name
audi
Entity
Audi
DNSSEC
Yes
auspost
auspost
Name
auspost
Entity
Australia Post
DNSSEC
Yes
aws
aws
Name
aws
Entity
Amazon Web Services
DNSSEC
Yes
axa
axa
Name
axa
Entity
Axa
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
azure
azure
Name
azure
Entity
Microsoft
DNSSEC
Yes
baidu
baidu
Name
baidu
Entity
Baidu
DNSSEC
Yes
bananarepublic
bananarepublic
Name
bananarepublic
Entity
Gap (Banana Republic)
barclaycard
barclaycard
Name
barclaycard
Entity
Barclays
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
barclays
barclays
Name
barclays
Entity
Barclays
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
basketball
basketball
Name
basketball
Entity
FIBA
DNSSEC
Yes
bauhaus
bauhaus
Name
bauhaus
Entity
Werkhaus GmbH
DNSSEC
Yes
bbc
bbc
Name
bbc
Entity
BBC
DNSSEC
Yes
bbt
bbt
Name
bbt
Entity
BB&T
DNSSEC
Yes
bbva
bbva
Name
bbva
Entity
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria
DNSSEC
Yes
bcg
bcg
Name
bcg
Entity
Boston Consulting Group
DNSSEC
Yes
bentley
bentley
Name
bentley
Entity
Bentley
DNSSEC
Yes
bharti
bharti
Name
bharti
Entity
Bharti Enterprises
DNSSEC
Yes
bing
bing
Name
bing
Entity
Microsoft (Bing)
DNSSEC
Yes
blanco
blanco
Name
blanco
Entity
BLANCO GmbH + Co KG
bloomberg
bloomberg
Name
bloomberg
Entity
Bloomberg
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
bms
bms
Name
bms
Entity
Bristol-Myers Squibb
DNSSEC
Yes
bmw
bmw
Name
bmw
Entity
BMW
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
bnl
bnl
Name
bnl
Entity
Banca Nazionale del Lavoro
IDN
Unknown
bnpparibas
bnpparibas
Name
bnpparibas
Entity
BNP Paribas
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
boehringer
boehringer
Name
boehringer
Entity
Boehringer Ingelheim
DNSSEC
Yes
bond
bond
Name
bond
Entity
Bond University
Notes
Later became a gTLD on 26 November 2019
DNSSEC
Yes
booking
booking
Name
booking
Entity
Booking.com
DNSSEC
Yes
bosch
bosch
Name
bosch
Entity
Robert Bosch GmbH
DNSSEC
Yes
bostik
bostik
Name
bostik
Entity
Bostik
DNSSEC
Yes
bradesco
bradesco
Name
bradesco
Entity
Bradesco
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
bridgestone
bridgestone
Name
bridgestone
Entity
Bridgestone
DNSSEC
Yes
brother
brother
Name
brother
Entity
Brother Industries
DNSSEC
Yes
bugatti
bugatti
Name
bugatti
Entity
Bugatti
cal
cal
Name
cal
Entity
Google (Google Calendar)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
calvinklein
calvinklein
Name
calvinklein
Entity
PVH
DNSSEC
Yes
canon
canon
Name
canon
Entity
Canon
DNSSEC
Yes
capitalone
capitalone
Name
capitalone
Entity
Capital One
DNSSEC
Yes
caravan
caravan
Name
caravan
Entity
Caravan International
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
cartier
cartier
Name
cartier
Entity
Richemont DNS
cba
cba
Name
cba
Entity
Commonwealth Bank
DNSSEC
Yes
cbn
cbn
Name
cbn
Entity
Christian Broadcasting Network
DNSSEC
Yes
cbre
cbre
Name
cbre
Entity
CBRE Group
DNSSEC
Yes
cbs
cbs
Name
cbs
Entity
CBS
cern
cern
Name
cern
Entity
CERN
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
cfa
cfa
Name
cfa
Entity
CFA Institute
DNSSEC
Yes
chanel
chanel
Name
chanel
Entity
Chanel
DNSSEC
Yes
chase
chase
Name
chase
Entity
Chase Bank
DNSSEC
Yes
chintai
chintai
Name
chintai
Entity
Chintai Corporation [ja]
DNSSEC
Yes
chrome
chrome
Name
chrome
Entity
Google (Google Chrome)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
chrysler
chrysler
Name
chrysler
Entity
Chrysler
cipriani
cipriani
Name
cipriani
Entity
Hotel Cipriani Srl
DNSSEC
Yes
cisco
cisco
Name
cisco
Entity
Cisco Systems
DNSSEC
Yes
citadel
citadel
Name
citadel
Entity
Citadel Domain
DNSSEC
Yes
citi
citi
Name
citi
Entity
Citigroup
DNSSEC
Yes
citic
citic
Name
citic
Entity
CITIC Group
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
clubmed
clubmed
Name
clubmed
Entity
Club Med
DNSSEC
Yes
comcast
comcast
Name
comcast
Entity
Comcast
commbank
commbank
Name
commbank
Entity
Commonwealth Bank
DNSSEC
Yes
creditunion
creditunion
Name
creditunion
Entity
CUNA Performance Resources
DNSSEC
Yes
crown
crown
Name
crown
Entity
Crown Equipment Corporation
DNSSEC
Yes
crs
crs
Name
crs
Entity
Federated Co-operatives(Co-Operative Retailing System)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
csc
csc
Name
csc
Entity
DXC Technology
cuisinella
cuisinella
Name
cuisinella
Entity
Société Alsacienne de Meubles (Cuisinella)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
dabur
dabur
Name
dabur
Entity
Dabur
DNSSEC
Yes
datsun
datsun
Name
datsun
Entity
Nissan (Datsun)
DNSSEC
Yes
dealer
dealer
Name
dealer
Entity
Dealer Dot Com
DNSSEC
Yes
dell
dell
Name
dell
Entity
Dell
DNSSEC
Yes
deloitte
deloitte
Name
deloitte
Entity
Deloitte
DNSSEC
Yes
delta
delta
Name
delta
Entity
Delta Air Lines
DNSSEC
Yes
dhl
dhl
Name
dhl
Entity
Deutsche Post
DNSSEC
Yes
discover
discover
Name
discover
Entity
Discover Financial Services
DNSSEC
Yes
dish
dish
Name
dish
Entity
Dish Network
DNSSEC
Yes
dnp
dnp
Name
dnp
Entity
Dai Nippon Printing
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
dodge
dodge
Name
dodge
Entity
Chrysler (Dodge)
dunlop
dunlop
Name
dunlop
Entity
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company (Dunlop Tyres)
DNSSEC
Yes
dupont
dupont
Name
dupont
Entity
DuPont
DNSSEC
Yes
dvag
dvag
Name
dvag
Entity
Deutsche Vermögensberatung
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
edeka
edeka
Name
edeka
Entity
Edeka
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
emerck
emerck
Name
emerck
Entity
Merck Group
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
epson
epson
Name
epson
Entity
Seiko Epson
DNSSEC
Yes
ericsson
ericsson
Name
ericsson
Entity
Ericsson
DNSSEC
Yes
erni
erni
Name
erni
Entity
ERNI Group Holding AG
DNSSEC
Yes
esurance
esurance
Name
esurance
Entity
Esurance
etisalat
etisalat
Name
etisalat
Entity
Etisalat
eurovision
eurovision
Name
eurovision
Entity
European Broadcasting Union (Eurovision)
DNSSEC
Yes
everbank
everbank
Name
everbank
Entity
EverBank
IDN
Unknown
extraspace
extraspace
Name
extraspace
Entity
Extra Space Storage
DNSSEC
Yes
fage
fage
Name
fage
Entity
Fage
DNSSEC
Yes
fairwinds
fairwinds
Name
fairwinds
Entity
FairWinds Partners
DNSSEC
Yes
farmers
farmers
Name
farmers
Entity
Farmers Insurance Exchange
DNSSEC
Yes
fedex
fedex
Name
fedex
Entity
FedEx
DNSSEC
Yes
ferrari
ferrari
Name
ferrari
Entity
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (Ferrari)
DNSSEC
Yes
ferrero
ferrero
Name
ferrero
Entity
Ferrero
DNSSEC
Yes
fiat
fiat
Name
fiat
Entity
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
fidelity
fidelity
Name
fidelity
Entity
Fidelity Investments
DNSSEC
Yes
firestone
firestone
Name
firestone
Entity
Bridgestone
DNSSEC
Yes
firmdale
firmdale
Name
firmdale
Entity
Firmdale Holdings
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
flickr
flickr
Name
flickr
Entity
Yahoo! (Flickr)
DNSSEC
Yes
flir
flir
Name
flir
Entity
FLIR Systems
DNSSEC
Yes
flsmidth
flsmidth
Name
flsmidth
Entity
FLSmidth
IDN
Unknown
ford
ford
Name
ford
Entity
Ford
DNSSEC
Yes
fox
fox
Name
fox
Entity
Fox Broadcasting Company
DNSSEC
Yes
fresenius
fresenius
Name
fresenius
Entity
Fresenius Immobilien-Verwaltungs-GmbH
DNSSEC
Yes
forex
forex
Name
forex
Entity
Dotforex Registry Ltd
DNSSEC
Yes
frogans
frogans
Name
frogans
Entity
OP3FT
Notes
Solely for use by the Frogans technology
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
frontier
frontier
Name
frontier
Entity
Frontier Communications
DNSSEC
Yes
fujitsu
fujitsu
Name
fujitsu
Entity
Fujitsu
DNSSEC
Yes
fujixerox
fujixerox
Name
fujixerox
Entity
Fuji Xerox
gallo
gallo
Name
gallo
Entity
E & J Gallo Winery
DNSSEC
Yes
gallup
gallup
Name
gallup
Entity
Gallup
DNSSEC
Yes
gap
gap
Name
gap
Entity
Gap
DNSSEC
Yes
gbiz
gbiz
Name
gbiz
Entity
Google
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
gea
gea
Name
gea
Entity
GEA Group
DNSSEC
Yes
genting
genting
Name
genting
Entity
Genting Group
DNSSEC
Yes
giving
giving
Name
giving
Entity
Public Interest Registry
DNSSEC
Yes
gle
gle
Name
gle
Entity
Google
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
globo
globo
Name
globo
Entity
Grupo Globo
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
gmail
gmail
Name
gmail
Entity
Google (Gmail)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
gmo
gmo
Name
gmo
Entity
GMO Internet
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
gmx
gmx
Name
gmx
Entity
1&1 Mail & Media (GMX, Global Message Exchange)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
godaddy
godaddy
Name
godaddy
Entity
Go Daddy
DNSSEC
Yes
goldpoint
goldpoint
Name
goldpoint
Entity
Yodobashi Camera
DNSSEC
Yes
goodyear
goodyear
Name
goodyear
Entity
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company
DNSSEC
Yes
goog
goog
Name
goog
Entity
Google
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
google
google
Name
google
Entity
Google
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
grainger
grainger
Name
grainger
Entity
Grainger Registry Services, LLC
DNSSEC
Yes
guardian
guardian
Name
guardian
Entity
Guardian Life Insurance Company of America
gucci
gucci
Name
gucci
Entity
Gucci
DNSSEC
Yes
hbo
hbo
Name
hbo
Entity
HBO
DNSSEC
Yes
hdfc
hdfc
Name
hdfc
Entity
Housing Development Finance Corporation
DNSSEC
Yes
hdfcbank
hdfcbank
Name
hdfcbank
Entity
HDFC Bank
DNSSEC
Yes
hermes
hermes
Name
hermes
Entity
Hermès
DNSSEC
Yes
hisamitsu
hisamitsu
Name
hisamitsu
Entity
Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical
DNSSEC
Yes
hitachi
hitachi
Name
hitachi
Entity
Hitachi
DNSSEC
Yes
hkt
hkt
Name
hkt
Entity
Hong Kong Telecom
DNSSEC
Yes
honda
honda
Name
honda
Entity
Honda
DNSSEC
Yes
honeywell
honeywell
Name
honeywell
Entity
Honeywell
hotmail
hotmail
Name
hotmail
Entity
Microsoft (Hotmail)
DNSSEC
Yes
hsbc
hsbc
Name
hsbc
Entity
HSBC
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
hughes
hughes
Name
hughes
Entity
Hughes Network Systems
DNSSEC
Yes
hyatt
hyatt
Name
hyatt
Entity
Hyatt
DNSSEC
Yes
hyundai
hyundai
Name
hyundai
Entity
Hyundai Motor Company
DNSSEC
Yes
ibm
ibm
Name
ibm
Entity
IBM
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
ieee
ieee
Name
ieee
Entity
Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers
DNSSEC
Yes
ifm
ifm
Name
ifm
Entity
ifm electronic gmbh
DNSSEC
Yes
ikano
ikano
Name
ikano
Entity
Ikano
DNSSEC
Yes
imdb
imdb
Name
imdb
Entity
Amazon (IMDb)
DNSSEC
Yes
infiniti
infiniti
Name
infiniti
Entity
Nissan (Infiniti)
DNSSEC
Yes
intel
intel
Name
intel
Entity
Intel
intuit
intuit
Name
intuit
Entity
Intuit
DNSSEC
Yes
ipiranga
ipiranga
Name
ipiranga
Entity
Ipiranga
DNSSEC
Yes
iselect
iselect
Name
iselect
Entity
iSelect
itau
itau
Name
itau
Entity
Itaú Unibanco
DNSSEC
Yes
itv
itv
Name
itv
Entity
ITV
DNSSEC
Yes
iveco
iveco
Name
iveco
Entity
CNH Industrial (Iveco)
jaguar
jaguar
Name
jaguar
Entity
Jaguar Land Rover
DNSSEC
Yes
mw- } }.java
mw- } }.java
Name
mw- } }.java
Entity
Oracle (Java)
DNSSEC
Yes
jcb
jcb
Name
jcb
Entity
JCB
DNSSEC
Yes
jcp
jcp
Name
jcp
Entity
JCP Media
jeep
jeep
Name
jeep
Entity
Chrysler (Jeep)
DNSSEC
Yes
jio
jio
Name
jio
Entity
Reliance Industries (Jio)
DNSSEC
Yes
jpmorgan
jpmorgan
Name
jpmorgan
Entity
JPMorgan Chase
DNSSEC
Yes
juniper
juniper
Name
juniper
Entity
Juniper Networks
DNSSEC
Yes
kddi
kddi
Name
kddi
Entity
KDDI
DNSSEC
Yes
kerryhotels
kerryhotels
Name
kerryhotels
Entity
Kerry Trading Co. Limited
DNSSEC
Yes
kerrylogistics
kerrylogistics
Name
kerrylogistics
Entity
Kerry Trading Co. Limited
DNSSEC
Yes
kerryproperties
kerryproperties
Name
kerryproperties
Entity
Kerry Trading Co. Limited
DNSSEC
Yes
kfh
kfh
Name
kfh
Entity
Kuwait Finance House
DNSSEC
Yes
kia
kia
Name
kia
Entity
Kia Motors Corporation
DNSSEC
Yes
kinder
kinder
Name
kinder
Entity
Ferrero (Kinder Surprise)
kindle
kindle
Name
kindle
Entity
Amazon (Amazon Kindle)
DNSSEC
Yes
komatsu
komatsu
Name
komatsu
Entity
Komatsu
DNSSEC
Yes
kpmg
kpmg
Name
kpmg
Entity
KPMG
DNSSEC
Yes
kred
kred
Name
kred
Entity
KredTLD
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
kuokgroup
kuokgroup
Name
kuokgroup
Entity
Kerry Trading Co. Limited
DNSSEC
Yes
lacaixa
lacaixa
Name
lacaixa
Entity
Caixa d’Estalvis i Pensions de Barcelona
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
ladbrokes
ladbrokes
Name
ladbrokes
Entity
Ladbrokes
lamborghini
lamborghini
Name
lamborghini
Entity
Lamborghini
DNSSEC
Yes
lancaster
lancaster
Name
lancaster
Entity
Lancaster (Coty)
DNSSEC
Yes
lancia
lancia
Name
lancia
Entity
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (Lancia)
lancome
lancome
Name
lancome
Entity
L'Oréal
landrover
landrover
Name
landrover
Entity
Jaguar Land Rover
DNSSEC
Yes
lanxess
lanxess
Name
lanxess
Entity
Lanxess
DNSSEC
Yes
lasalle
lasalle
Name
lasalle
Entity
JLL
DNSSEC
Yes
latrobe
latrobe
Name
latrobe
Entity
La Trobe University
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
lds
lds
Name
lds
Entity
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
leclerc
leclerc
Name
leclerc
Entity
E.Leclerc
DNSSEC
Yes
lego
lego
Name
lego
Entity
Lego Group
DNSSEC
Yes
liaison
liaison
Name
liaison
Entity
Liaison Technologies
lexus
lexus
Name
lexus
Entity
Toyota (Lexus)
DNSSEC
Yes
lidl
lidl
Name
lidl
Entity
Lidl
DNSSEC
Yes
lifestyle
lifestyle
Name
lifestyle
Entity
Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
DNSSEC
Yes
lilly
lilly
Name
lilly
Entity
Eli Lilly and Company
DNSSEC
Yes
lincoln
lincoln
Name
lincoln
Entity
Ford (Lincoln)
DNSSEC
Yes
linde
linde
Name
linde
Entity
Linde
lipsy
lipsy
Name
lipsy
Entity
Lipsy Ltd
DNSSEC
Yes
lixil
lixil
Name
lixil
Entity
Lixil Group
locus
locus
Name
locus
Entity
Locus Analytics
DNSSEC
Yes
lotte
lotte
Name
lotte
Entity
Lotte Holdings
DNSSEC
Yes
lpl
lpl
Name
lpl
Entity
LPL Financial
DNSSEC
Yes
lplfinancial
lplfinancial
Name
lplfinancial
Entity
LPL Financial
DNSSEC
Yes
lundbeck
lundbeck
Name
lundbeck
Entity
Lundbeck
DNSSEC
Yes
lupin
lupin
Name
lupin
Entity
Lupin Limited
macys
macys
Name
macys
Entity
Macy's
maif
maif
Name
maif
Entity
Mutuelle Assurance Instituteur France (MAIF)
DNSSEC
Yes
man
man
Name
man
Entity
MAN
DNSSEC
Yes
mango
mango
Name
mango
Entity
Mango
IDN
Latin script
DNSSEC
Yes
marriott
marriott
Name
marriott
Entity
Marriott International
DNSSEC
Yes
maserati
maserati
Name
maserati
Entity
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (Maserati)
mattel
mattel
Name
mattel
Entity
Mattel
DNSSEC
Yes
mckinsey
mckinsey
Name
mckinsey
Entity
McKinsey & Company
DNSSEC
Yes
metlife
metlife
Name
metlife
Entity
MetLife
microsoft
microsoft
Name
microsoft
Entity
Microsoft
DNSSEC
Yes
mini
mini
Name
mini
Entity
BMW (Mini)
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
mit
mit
Name
mit
Entity
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
DNSSEC
Yes
mitsubishi
mitsubishi
Name
mitsubishi
Entity
Mitsubishi Corporation
DNSSEC
Yes
mlb
mlb
Name
mlb
Entity
MLB Advanced Media
DNSSEC
Yes
mma
mma
Name
mma
Entity
MMA IARD
DNSSEC
Yes
monash
monash
Name
monash
Entity
Monash University
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
mormon
mormon
Name
mormon
Entity
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
moto
moto
Name
moto
Entity
Motorola
DNSSEC
Yes
movistar
movistar
Name
movistar
Entity
Telefónica (Movistar)
msd
msd
Name
msd
Entity
MSD Registry Holdings, Inc.
DNSSEC
Yes
mtn
mtn
Name
mtn
Entity
MTN
DNSSEC
Yes
mtr
mtr
Name
mtr
Entity
MTR Corporation
DNSSEC
Yes
mutual
mutual
Name
mutual
Entity
Northwestern Mutual
nadex
nadex
Name
nadex
Entity
Nadex
nationwide
nationwide
Name
nationwide
Entity
Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company
natura
natura
Name
natura
Entity
Natura & Co
nba
nba
Name
nba
Entity
National Basketball Association
DNSSEC
Yes
nec
nec
Name
nec
Entity
NEC
DNSSEC
Yes
netflix
netflix
Name
netflix
Entity
Netflix
DNSSEC
Yes
neustar
neustar
Name
neustar
Entity
Neustar
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
newholland
newholland
Name
newholland
Entity
CNH Industrial (New Holland Agriculture, New Holland Construction)
nfl
nfl
Name
nfl
Entity
National Football League
DNSSEC
Yes
nhk
nhk
Name
nhk
Entity
NHK
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
nico
nico
Name
nico
Entity
Dwango (Niconico)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
nike
nike
Name
nike
Entity
Nike
DNSSEC
Yes
nikon
nikon
Name
nikon
Entity
Nikon
DNSSEC
Yes
nissan
nissan
Name
nissan
Entity
Nissan
DNSSEC
Yes
nissay
nissay
Name
nissay
Entity
Nippon Life
DNSSEC
Yes
nokia
nokia
Name
nokia
Entity
Nokia
DNSSEC
Yes
northwesternmutual
northwesternmutual
Name
northwesternmutual
Entity
Northwestern Mutual
norton
norton
Name
norton
Entity
NortonLifeLock
DNSSEC
Yes
nra
nra
Name
nra
Entity
National Rifle Association of America
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
ntt
ntt
Name
ntt
Entity
Nippon Telegraph & Telephone
DNSSEC
Yes
obi
obi
Name
obi
Entity
OBI Group Holding SE & Co. KGaA
DNSSEC
Yes
office
office
Name
office
Entity
Microsoft (Microsoft Office)
DNSSEC
Yes
omega
omega
Name
omega
Entity
Swatch Group (Omega)
DNSSEC
Yes
oracle
oracle
Name
oracle
Entity
Oracle
DNSSEC
Yes
orange
orange
Name
orange
Entity
Orange
DNSSEC
Yes
otsuka
otsuka
Name
otsuka
Entity
Otsuka Pharmaceutical
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
ovh
ovh
Name
ovh
Entity
OVH
IDN
French
DNSSEC
Yes
panasonic
panasonic
Name
panasonic
Entity
Panasonic
DNSSEC
Yes
pccw
pccw
Name
pccw
Entity
PCCW
DNSSEC
Yes
pfizer
pfizer
Name
pfizer
Entity
Pfizer
DNSSEC
Yes
philips
philips
Name
philips
Entity
Philips
DNSSEC
Yes
piaget
piaget
Name
piaget
Entity
Piaget
IDN
Unknown
pictet
pictet
Name
pictet
Entity
Pictet
DNSSEC
Yes
ping
ping
Name
ping
Entity
Ping
DNSSEC
Yes
pioneer
pioneer
Name
pioneer
Entity
Pioneer Corporation
DNSSEC
Yes
play
play
Name
play
Entity
Google (Google Play)
DNSSEC
Yes
playstation
playstation
Name
playstation
Entity
Sony (PlayStation)
DNSSEC
Yes
pohl
pohl
Name
pohl
Entity
Deutsche Vermögensberatung(founder Reinfried Pohl)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
politie
politie
Name
politie
Entity
Politie Nederland
DNSSEC
Yes
praxi
praxi
Name
praxi
Entity
Praxi
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
prod
prod
Name
prod
Entity
Google (products)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
progressive
progressive
Name
progressive
Entity
Progressive Corporation
DNSSEC
Yes
pru
pru
Name
pru
Entity
Prudential Financial
DNSSEC
Yes
prudential
prudential
Name
prudential
Entity
Prudential Financial
DNSSEC
Yes
pwc
pwc
Name
pwc
Entity
PwC
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
quest
quest
Name
quest
Entity
Quest Software
DNSSEC
Yes
qvc
qvc
Name
qvc
Entity
QVC
redstone
redstone
Name
redstone
Entity
Redstone Haute Couture Co
DNSSEC
Yes
reliance
reliance
Name
reliance
Entity
Reliance Industries
DNSSEC
Yes
rexroth
rexroth
Name
rexroth
Entity
Robert Bosch GmbH
DNSSEC
Yes
ricoh
ricoh
Name
ricoh
Entity
Ricoh
DNSSEC
Yes
ril
ril
Name
ril
Entity
Reliance Industries
DNSSEC
Yes
rmit
rmit
Name
rmit
Entity
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
rocher
rocher
Name
rocher
Entity
Ferrero (Ferrero Rocher)
rogers
rogers
Name
rogers
Entity
Rogers Communications
DNSSEC
Yes
rwe
rwe
Name
rwe
Entity
RWE
DNSSEC
Yes
safety
safety
Name
safety
Entity
Safety Registry Services, LLC.
DNSSEC
Yes
sakura
sakura
Name
sakura
Entity
Sakura Internet [ja]
DNSSEC
Yes
samsung
samsung
Name
samsung
Entity
Samsung SDS
DNSSEC
Yes
sandvik
sandvik
Name
sandvik
Entity
Sandvik
DNSSEC
Yes
sandvikcoromant
sandvikcoromant
Name
sandvikcoromant
Entity
Sandvik Coromant
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
sanofi
sanofi
Name
sanofi
Entity
Sanofi
DNSSEC
Yes
sap
sap
Name
sap
Entity
SAP
DNSSEC
Yes
saxo
saxo
Name
saxo
Entity
Saxo Bank
DNSSEC
Yes
sbi
sbi
Name
sbi
Entity
State Bank of India
DNSSEC
Yes
sbs
sbs
Name
sbs
Entity
Special Broadcasting Service
Notes
Later became a gTLD on 15 June 2021
DNSSEC
Yes
sca
sca
Name
sca
Entity
Svenska Cellulosa
IDN
Unknown
scb
scb
Name
scb
Entity
Siam Commercial Bank
IDN
Thai
DNSSEC
Yes
schaeffler
schaeffler
Name
schaeffler
Entity
Schaeffler Technologies
DNSSEC
Yes
schmidt
schmidt
Name
schmidt
Entity
Société Alsacienne de Meubles (Cuisines Schmidt)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
schwarz
schwarz
Name
schwarz
Entity
Schwarz Gruppe
DNSSEC
Yes
scjohnson
scjohnson
Name
scjohnson
Entity
S. C. Johnson & Son
scor
scor
Name
scor
Entity
SCOR
seat
seat
Name
seat
Entity
SEAT
DNSSEC
Yes
sener
sener
Name
sener
Entity
Sener Ingeniería y Sistemas, S.A.
DNSSEC
Yes
ses
ses
Name
ses
Entity
SES
sew
sew
Name
sew
Entity
SEW Eurodrive
DNSSEC
Yes
seven
seven
Name
seven
Entity
Seven West Media
DNSSEC
Yes
sfr
sfr
Name
sfr
Entity
SFR
DNSSEC
Yes
seek
seek
Name
seek
Entity
Seek
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
shangrila
shangrila
Name
shangrila
Entity
Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts
DNSSEC
Yes
sharp
sharp
Name
sharp
Entity
Sharp Corporation
DNSSEC
Yes
shaw
shaw
Name
shaw
Entity
Shaw Cablesystems G.P.
DNSSEC
Yes
shell
shell
Name
shell
Entity
Shell
DNSSEC
Yes
shriram
shriram
Name
shriram
Entity
Shriram Capital
sina
sina
Name
sina
Entity
Sina Corp
DNSSEC
Yes
sky
sky
Name
sky
Entity
Sky Group
DNSSEC
Yes
skype
skype
Name
skype
Entity
Microsoft (Skype)
DNSSEC
Yes
smart
smart
Name
smart
Entity
Smart Communications
DNSSEC
Yes
sncf
sncf
Name
sncf
Entity
SNCF
DNSSEC
Yes
softbank
softbank
Name
softbank
Entity
SoftBank
DNSSEC
Yes
sohu
sohu
Name
sohu
Entity
Sohu
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
sony
sony
Name
sony
Entity
Sony
DNSSEC
Yes
spiegel
spiegel
Name
spiegel
Entity
Der Spiegel
IDN
Unknown
stada
stada
Name
stada
Entity
Stada Arzneimittel
DNSSEC
Yes
staples
staples
Name
staples
Entity
Staples
DNSSEC
Yes
star
star
Name
star
Entity
Disney Star
DNSSEC
Yes
starhub
starhub
Name
starhub
Entity
StarHub
statebank
statebank
Name
statebank
Entity
State Bank of India
DNSSEC
Yes
statefarm
statefarm
Name
statefarm
Entity
State Farm
DNSSEC
Yes
statoil
statoil
Name
statoil
Entity
Statoil
stc
stc
Name
stc
Entity
Saudi Telecom Company
DNSSEC
Yes
stcgroup
stcgroup
Name
stcgroup
Entity
Saudi Telecom Company
DNSSEC
Yes
suzuki
suzuki
Name
suzuki
Entity
Suzuki
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
swatch
swatch
Name
swatch
Entity
Swatch Group
DNSSEC
Yes
swiftcover
swiftcover
Name
swiftcover
Entity
Swiftcover
symantec
symantec
Name
symantec
Entity
Gen Digital
taobao
taobao
Name
taobao
Entity
Alibaba Group (Taobao)
DNSSEC
Yes
target
target
Name
target
Entity
Target
DNSSEC
Yes
tatamotors
tatamotors
Name
tatamotors
Entity
Tata Motors
DNSSEC
Yes
tdk
tdk
Name
tdk
Entity
TDK
DNSSEC
Yes
telecity
telecity
Name
telecity
Entity
TelecityGroup
telefonica
telefonica
Name
telefonica
Entity
Telefónica
temasek
temasek
Name
temasek
Entity
Temasek Holdings
DNSSEC
Yes
teva
teva
Name
teva
Entity
Teva Pharmaceuticals
DNSSEC
Yes
tiffany
tiffany
Name
tiffany
Entity
Tiffany & Co.
tjx
tjx
Name
tjx
Entity
TJX Companies
DNSSEC
Yes
toray
toray
Name
toray
Entity
Toray Industries
DNSSEC
Yes
toshiba
toshiba
Name
toshiba
Entity
Toshiba
DNSSEC
Yes
total
total
Name
total
Entity
Total
DNSSEC
Yes
toyota
toyota
Name
toyota
Entity
Toyota
DNSSEC
Yes
travelchannel
travelchannel
Name
travelchannel
Entity
Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. (Travel Channel)
travelers
travelers
Name
travelers
Entity
Travelers TLD, LLC (The Travelers Companies)
DNSSEC
Yes
tui
tui
Name
tui
Entity
TUI
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
tvs
tvs
Name
tvs
Entity
T V Sundram Iyengar & Sons Private Limited
DNSSEC
Yes
ubs
ubs
Name
ubs
Entity
UBS
DNSSEC
Yes
unicom
unicom
Name
unicom
Entity
China Unicom
DNSSEC
Yes
uol
uol
Name
uol
Entity
Universo Online
Notes
Delegated to UOL subsidiary UBN Internet.
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
ups
ups
Name
ups
Entity
United Parcel Service
DNSSEC
Yes
vanguard
vanguard
Name
vanguard
Entity
Vanguard Group
DNSSEC
Yes
verisign
verisign
Name
verisign
Entity
VeriSign
DNSSEC
Yes
vig
vig
Name
vig
Entity
Vienna Insurance Group
DNSSEC
Yes
viking
viking
Name
viking
Entity
Viking River Cruises
DNSSEC
Yes
virgin
virgin
Name
virgin
Entity
Virgin Group
DNSSEC
Yes
visa
visa
Name
visa
Entity
Visa
DNSSEC
Yes
vista
vista
Name
vista
Entity
Vistaprint
vistaprint
vistaprint
Name
vistaprint
Entity
Vistaprint
vivo
vivo
Name
vivo
Entity
Telefônica Brasil
DNSSEC
Yes
volkswagen
volkswagen
Name
volkswagen
Entity
Volkswagen Group of America
volvo
volvo
Name
volvo
Entity
Volvo
DNSSEC
Yes
walmart
walmart
Name
walmart
Entity
Walmart
DNSSEC
Yes
walter
walter
Name
walter
Entity
Sandvik
DNSSEC
Yes
weatherchannel
weatherchannel
Name
weatherchannel
Entity
IBM (The Weather Company)
DNSSEC
Yes
weber
weber
Name
weber
Entity
Saint-Gobain
DNSSEC
Yes
weir
weir
Name
weir
Entity
Weir Group
DNSSEC
Yes
williamhill
williamhill
Name
williamhill
Entity
William Hill
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
windows
windows
Name
windows
Entity
Microsoft (Microsoft Windows)
DNSSEC
Yes
wme
wme
Name
wme
Entity
Endeavor
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
wolterskluwer
wolterskluwer
Name
wolterskluwer
Entity
Wolters Kluwer
DNSSEC
Yes
woodside
woodside
Name
woodside
Entity
Woodside Petroleum
DNSSEC
Yes
wtc
wtc
Name
wtc
Entity
World Trade Centers Association
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
xbox
xbox
Name
xbox
Entity
Microsoft Xbox
DNSSEC
Yes
xerox
xerox
Name
xerox
Entity
Fuji Xerox
DNSSEC
Yes
xfinity
xfinity
Name
xfinity
Entity
Comcast
yahoo
yahoo
Name
yahoo
Entity
Yahoo!
DNSSEC
Yes
yamaxun
yamaxun
Name
yamaxun
Entity
Amazon (Amazon China)
DNSSEC
Yes
yandex
yandex
Name
yandex
Entity
Yandex
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
yodobashi
yodobashi
Name
yodobashi
Entity
Yodobashi Camera
DNSSEC
Yes
youtube
youtube
Name
youtube
Entity
Google (YouTube)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
zappos
zappos
Name
zappos
Entity
Amazon (Zappos)
DNSSEC
Yes
zara
zara
Name
zara
Entity
Inditex (Zara)
DNSSEC
Yes
zippo
zippo
Name
zippo
Entity
Zippo
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| aaa | American Automobile Association | Yes | ||
| aarp | AARP | Yes | ||
| abarth | Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (Abarth) | |||
| abb | ABB | Yes | ||
| abbott | Abbott Laboratories | Yes | ||
| abbvie | AbbVie | Yes | ||
| abc | American Broadcasting Company | Yes | ||
| accenture | Accenture | Yes | ||
| aco | ACO Severin Ahlmann GmbH & Co. KG | Yes | ||
| aeg | Aktiebolaget Electrolux | Yes | ||
| aetna | Aetna | Yes | ||
| afl | Australian Football League | Yes | ||
| agakhan | Aga Khan Foundation | Yes | ||
| aig | American International Group | Yes | ||
| aigo | Aigo | |||
| airbus | Airbus | Yes | ||
| airtel | Bharti Airtel | Yes | ||
| akdn | Aga Khan Foundation | Yes | ||
| alfaromeo | Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (Alfa Romeo) | |||
| alibaba | Alibaba Group | Yes | ||
| alipay | Alibaba Group | Yes | ||
| allfinanz | Allfinanz Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft | Unknown | Yes | |
| allstate | Allstate | Yes | ||
| ally | Ally Financial | Yes | ||
| alstom | Alstom | Yes | ||
| amazon | Amazon | Yes | ||
| americanexpress | American Express | Yes | ||
| amex | American Express | Yes | ||
| amica | Amica Mutual Insurance | Yes | ||
| android | Google (Android) | Unknown | Yes | |
| anz | Australia & New Zealand Banking Group | Yes | ||
| aol | AOL | Yes | ||
| apple | Apple | Yes | ||
| aquarelle | Aquarelle.com Group | Unknown | Yes | |
| aramco | Aramco | Yes | ||
| audi | Audi | Yes | ||
| auspost | Australia Post | Yes | ||
| aws | Amazon Web Services | Yes | ||
| axa | Axa | Yes | Yes | |
| azure | Microsoft | Yes | ||
| baidu | Baidu | Yes | ||
| bananarepublic | Gap (Banana Republic) | |||
| barclaycard | Barclays | Unknown | Yes | |
| barclays | Barclays | Unknown | Yes | |
| basketball | FIBA | Yes | ||
| bauhaus | Werkhaus GmbH | Yes | ||
| bbc | BBC | Yes | ||
| bbt | BB&T | Yes | ||
| bbva | Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria | Yes |
· Internationalized brand top-level domains
xn--jlq480n2rg
xn--jlq480n2rg
DNS name
xn--jlq480n2rg
IDN TLD
亚马逊
Entity
Amazon
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
Yàmǎxùn
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--cckwcxetd
xn--cckwcxetd
DNS name
xn--cckwcxetd
IDN TLD
アマゾン
Entity
Amazon
Script
Katakana
Transliteration
amazon
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--mgba3a3ejt
xn--mgba3a3ejt
DNS name
xn--mgba3a3ejt
IDN TLD
ارامكو
Entity
Aramco Services Company
Script
Arabic
xn--mgbaakc7dvf
xn--mgbaakc7dvf
DNS name
xn--mgbaakc7dvf
IDN TLD
اتصالات
Entity
Emirates Telecommunications Corporation (trading as Etisalat)
Script
Arabic
xn--8y0a063a
xn--8y0a063a
DNS name
xn--8y0a063a
IDN TLD
联通
Entity
China United Network Communications Corporation Limited
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
Liántōng
xn--6frz82g
xn--6frz82g
DNS name
xn--6frz82g
IDN TLD
移动
Entity
China Mobile Communications Corporation
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
Yídòng
xn--fiq64b
xn--fiq64b
DNS name
xn--fiq64b
IDN TLD
中信
Entity
CITIC Group
Script
Chinese
Transliteration
zhōngxìn
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--5su34j936bgsg
xn--5su34j936bgsg
DNS name
xn--5su34j936bgsg
IDN TLD
香格里拉
Entity
Shangri‐La International Hotel Management Limited
Script
Chinese
Transliteration
Xiānggélǐlā
xn--b4w605ferd
xn--b4w605ferd
DNS name
xn--b4w605ferd
IDN TLD
淡马锡
Entity
Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
Dànmǎxī
xn--3oq18vl8pn36a
xn--3oq18vl8pn36a
DNS name
xn--3oq18vl8pn36a
IDN TLD
大众汽车
Entity
Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd.
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
Dàzhòngqìchē
xn--vermgensberater-ctb
xn--vermgensberater-ctb
DNS name
xn--vermgensberater-ctb
IDN TLD
vermögensberater
Entity
Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft
Script
Latin
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--vermgensberatung-pwb
xn--vermgensberatung-pwb
DNS name
xn--vermgensberatung-pwb
IDN TLD
vermögensberatung
Entity
Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft
Script
Latin
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--qcka1pmc
xn--qcka1pmc
DNS name
xn--qcka1pmc
IDN TLD
グーグル
Entity
Google
Script
Katakana
Transliteration
gūguru
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--flw351e
xn--flw351e
DNS name
xn--flw351e
IDN TLD
谷歌
Entity
Google
Script
Chinese
Transliteration
gǔgē
DNSSEC
Yes
xn--estv75g
xn--estv75g
DNS name
xn--estv75g
IDN TLD
工行
Entity
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited
Script
Chinese
Transliteration
Gōngháng
xn--w4rs40l
xn--w4rs40l
DNS name
xn--w4rs40l
IDN TLD
嘉里
Entity
Kerry Trading Co. Limited
Script
Chinese
Transliteration
Jiālǐ
xn--w4r85el8fhu5dnra
xn--w4r85el8fhu5dnra
DNS name
xn--w4r85el8fhu5dnra
IDN TLD
嘉里大酒店
Entity
Kerry Trading Co. Limited
Script
Chinese
Transliteration
Jiālǐdàjiǔdiàn
xn--kcrx77d1x4a
xn--kcrx77d1x4a
DNS name
xn--kcrx77d1x4a
IDN TLD
飞利浦
Entity
Koninklijke Philips N.V.
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
Fēilìpǔ
xn--jlq61u9w7b
xn--jlq61u9w7b
DNS name
xn--jlq61u9w7b
IDN TLD
诺基亚
Entity
Nokia Corporation
Script
Chinese (Simplified)
Transliteration
Nuòjīyà
xn--fzys8d69uvgm
xn--fzys8d69uvgm
DNS name
xn--fzys8d69uvgm
IDN TLD
電訊盈科
Entity
PCCW Enterprises Limited
Script
Chinese (Traditional)
Transliteration
din6 soen3 jing4 fo1
xn--cg4bki
xn--cg4bki
DNS name
xn--cg4bki
IDN TLD
삼성
Entity
Samsung
Script
Hangul
Transliteration
samseong
DNSSEC
Yes
| DNS name | IDN TLD | Entity | Script | Transliteration | Comments | DNSSEC |
| xn--jlq480n2rg | 亚马逊 | Amazon | Chinese (Simplified) | Yàmǎxùn | Yes | |
| xn--cckwcxetd | アマゾン | Amazon | Katakana | amazon | Yes | |
| xn--mgba3a3ejt | ارامكو | Aramco Services Company | Arabic | |||
| xn--mgbaakc7dvf | اتصالات | Emirates Telecommunications Corporation (trading as Etisalat) | Arabic | |||
| xn--8y0a063a | 联通 | China United Network Communications Corporation Limited | Chinese (Simplified) | Liántōng | ||
| xn--6frz82g | 移动 | China Mobile Communications Corporation | Chinese (Simplified) | Yídòng | ||
| xn--fiq64b | 中信 | CITIC Group | Chinese | zhōngxìn | Yes | |
| xn--5su34j936bgsg | 香格里拉 | Shangri‐La International Hotel Management Limited | Chinese | Xiānggélǐlā | ||
| xn--b4w605ferd | 淡马锡 | Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited | Chinese (Simplified) | Dànmǎxī | ||
| xn--3oq18vl8pn36a | 大众汽车 | Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd. | Chinese (Simplified) | Dàzhòngqìchē | ||
| xn--vermgensberater-ctb | vermögensberater | Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft | Latin | Yes | ||
| xn--vermgensberatung-pwb | vermögensberatung | Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft | Latin | Yes | ||
| xn--qcka1pmc | グーグル | Google | Katakana | gūguru | Yes | |
| xn--flw351e | 谷歌 | Google | Chinese | gǔgē | Yes | |
| xn--estv75g | 工行 | Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited | Chinese | Gōngháng | ||
| xn--w4rs40l | 嘉里 | Kerry Trading Co. Limited | Chinese | Jiālǐ | ||
| xn--w4r85el8fhu5dnra | 嘉里大酒店 | Kerry Trading Co. Limited | Chinese | Jiālǐdàjiǔdiàn | ||
| xn--kcrx77d1x4a | 飞利浦 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Chinese (Simplified) | Fēilìpǔ | ||
| xn--jlq61u9w7b | 诺基亚 | Nokia Corporation | Chinese (Simplified) | Nuòjīyà | ||
| xn--fzys8d69uvgm | 電訊盈科 | PCCW Enterprises Limited | Chinese (Traditional) | din6 soen3 jing4 fo1 | ||
| xn--cg4bki | 삼성 | Samsung | Hangul | samseong | Yes |
· Special-use domains
example
example
Name
example
Notes
Not installed as a domain name, but usable in text as an example.(example.com, example.net, and example.org are also reserved for this purpose but are active sites.)
IDN
Unknown
internal
internal
Name
internal
Notes
Not installed as a domain name, but usable in private and internal networks.
IDN
Unknown
invalid
invalid
Name
invalid
Notes
Not installed as a domain name, but usable in testing as a domain which wouldn't work.
IDN
Unknown
local
local
Name
local
Notes
Local network. Must be used with multicast DNS (mDNS).
IDN
Unknown
onion
onion
Name
onion
Notes
Connection to the Tor network.
IDN
Unknown
test
test
Name
test
Notes
Meant for testing DNS software.
IDN
Unknown
| Name | Entity | Notes | IDN |
| example | Not installed as a domain name, but usable in text as an example.(example.com, example.net, and example.org are also reserved for this purpose but are active sites.) | Unknown | |
| internal | Not installed as a domain name, but usable in private and internal networks. | Unknown | |
| invalid | Not installed as a domain name, but usable in testing as a domain which wouldn't work. | Unknown | |
| local | Local network. Must be used with multicast DNS (mDNS). | Unknown | |
| onion | Connection to the Tor network. | Unknown | |
| test | Meant for testing DNS software. | Unknown |
· Non-IANA domains › Microsoft Windows
ipv6-literal.net
ipv6-literal.net
Name
ipv6-literal.net
Still used
YES
Conflicting IANA domain registration
Registered by an independent 3rd party (as of writing). Microsoft gave up the domain in January 2014. In addition Microsoft also never requested it to become an ICANN/IANA owned special-use domain name.
Purpose
A special-use domain primarily for representing IPv6 addresses in UNC paths as ":" is a reserved character in Windows. Usage is not restricted to UNC paths. Compared to ip6.arpa reverse lookup domains it will return an IPv6 address but without generating any DNS queries.
| Name | Still used | Conflicting IANA domain registration | Purpose |
| ipv6-literal.net | YES | Registered by an independent 3rd party (as of writing). Microsoft gave up the domain in January 2014. In addition Microsoft also never requested it to become an ICANN/IANA owned special-use domain name. | A special-use domain primarily for representing IPv6 addresses in UNC paths as ":" is a reserved character in Windows. Usage is not restricted to UNC paths. Compared to ip6.arpa reverse lookup domains it will return an IPv6 address but without generating any DNS queries. |
· Non-IANA domains › Internet Engineering Task Force proposals for local TLDs
home.arpa
home.arpa
Name
home.arpa
RFC
RFC 8375
Notes
A special-use domain for non-unique use in residential home networks.
internal
internal
Name
internal
RFC
RFC 6762 Appendix G
Notes
ICANN has registered this top-level domain for private use.
intranet
intranet
Name
intranet
RFC
The IETF does not recommend use of unregistered top-level domains at all, but should network operators decide to do this, the following top-level domains have been used on private internal networks without the problems caused by trying to reuse ".local" for this purpose.
private
private
Name
private
corp
corp
Name
corp
RFC
Mentioned by ICANN for causing a name collision.
home
home
Name
home
lan
lan
Name
lan
RFC
Many routers automatically append ".lan" to local device hostnames, including those that use OpenWrt.
| Name | RFC | Notes |
| home.arpa | RFC 8375 | A special-use domain for non-unique use in residential home networks. |
| internal | RFC 6762 Appendix G | ICANN has registered this top-level domain for private use. |
| intranet | The IETF does not recommend use of unregistered top-level domains at all, but should network operators decide to do this, the following top-level domains have been used on private internal networks without the problems caused by trying to reuse ".local" for this purpose. | |
| private | ||
| corp | Mentioned by ICANN for causing a name collision. | |
| home | ||
| lan | Many routers automatically append ".lan" to local device hostnames, including those that use OpenWrt. |
· Non-IANA domains › Blockchain-registered
agt
agt
Name
agt
Blockchain
Polygon
Notes
The .agt (agent) TLD is a decentralized top-level domain operating within the Web3 ecosystem, primarily positioned as an identifier for AI agents and autonomous systems. The TLD is offered by Web3 domain providers, such as Freename, an ICANN-accredited registrar that bridges traditional DNS with blockchain technology. .agt domains can be minted as NFTs across multiple blockchains (Polygon, Solana, BNBChain, BASE, Aurora, Sei, Abstract, Chiliz, and Etherlink), eliminating traditional renewal fees and providing registrants lifetime ownership. Popular .agt domains function as human-readable aliases for AI agents, agentic and tool-calling functions, cryptocurrency wallets, decentralized digital identities, AI agent ID, and addresses for hosting decentralized websites.
N/A
N/A
Name
N/A
Blockchain
Handshake
Notes
Handshake is both an alternative DNS root zone and a domain name-centric blockchain meant for managing TLDs in a decentralized way which allows virtually any domain to be registered as a TLD by end users. The project intends to be a more resilient and distributed implementation of the global root zone without needing a centralized organization, like ICANN, to manage or operate it. However, it doesn't aim to outright replace the existing root zone, as it reserves all existing TLDs so that a query for wikipedia.org, for example, that is sent to a Handshake node can be redirected to the traditional root.
eth
eth
Name
eth
Blockchain
Ethereum
Notes
Domains under the .eth TLD are primarily used as human-readable aliases to Ethereum wallet addresses, rather than IP addresses, though some efforts into expanding the use of .eth into the traditional DNS space have been made.
crypto
crypto
Name
crypto
Blockchain
Ethereum
Notes
crypto aims to make cryptocurrency wallet address resolution easier, with the exception that, unlike the other examples mentioned here, the TLD is the product of a for-profit company, Unstoppable Domains, that markets the domain as an alternative DNS root despite being entirely dependent on the traditional root zone.
bit
bit
Name
bit
Blockchain
Namecoin
Notes
Namecoin's .bit TLD technically operates as a single-domain DNS root, though has historically peered with the OpenNIC root zone to provide greater accessibility. The popularity and usage of .bit domains is much lower than the other projects mentioned, despite it being the earliest example. This is primarily due to the negative reputation Namecoin has garnered after .bit domains became popular for sharing and distributing illegal or illicit content such as malware, which ultimately prompted OpenNIC to end its peering agreement and stop serving the TLD in its root zone in 2018.
| Name | Blockchain | Notes |
| agt | Polygon | The (agent) TLD is a decentralized top-level domain operating within the Web3 ecosystem, primarily positioned as an identifier for AI agents and autonomous systems. The TLD is offered by Web3 domain providers, such as Freename, an ICANN-accredited registrar that bridges traditional DNS with blockchain technology. domains can be minted as NFTs across multiple blockchains (Polygon, Solana, BNBChain, BASE, Aurora, Sei, Abstract, Chiliz, and Etherlink), eliminating traditional renewal fees and providing registrants lifetime ownership. Popular domains function as human-readable aliases for AI agents, agentic and tool-calling functions, cryptocurrency wallets, decentralized digital identities, AI agent ID, and addresses for hosting decentralized websites. |
| N/A | Handshake | Handshake is both an alternative DNS root zone and a domain name-centric blockchain meant for managing TLDs in a decentralized way which allows virtually any domain to be registered as a TLD by end users. The project intends to be a more resilient and distributed implementation of the global root zone without needing a centralized organization, like ICANN, to manage or operate it. However, it doesn't aim to outright replace the existing root zone, as it reserves all existing TLDs so that a query for wikipedia.org, for example, that is sent to a Handshake node can be redirected to the traditional root. |
| eth | Ethereum | Domains under the TLD are primarily used as human-readable aliases to Ethereum wallet addresses, rather than IP addresses, though some efforts into expanding the use of into the traditional DNS space have been made. |
| crypto | Ethereum | crypto aims to make cryptocurrency wallet address resolution easier, with the exception that, unlike the other examples mentioned here, the TLD is the product of a for-profit company, Unstoppable Domains, that markets the domain as an alternative DNS root despite being entirely dependent on the traditional root zone. |
| bit | Namecoin | Namecoin's TLD technically operates as a single-domain DNS root, though has historically peered with the OpenNIC root zone to provide greater accessibility. The popularity and usage of domains is much lower than the other projects mentioned, despite it being the earliest example. This is primarily due to the negative reputation Namecoin has garnered after domains became popular for sharing and distributing illegal or illicit content such as malware, which ultimately prompted OpenNIC to end its peering agreement and stop serving the TLD in its root zone in 2018. |
· Non-IANA domains › Alternate roots
N/A
N/A
Name
N/A
Root
Handshake
Notes
The list of registered TLDs on the Handshake blockchain is too large and dynamic to enumerate here.
bbs .chan .cyb .dyn .geek .gopher .indy .libre .neo .null .o .oss .oz .parody .pirate
bbs .chan .cyb .dyn .geek .gopher .indy .libre .neo .null .o .oss .oz .parody .pirate
Name
bbs .chan .cyb .dyn .geek .gopher .indy .libre .neo .null .o .oss .oz .parody .pirate
Root
OpenNIC
fur
fur
Name
fur
Root
FurNIC
lib .coin .emc .bazar
lib .coin .emc .bazar
Name
lib .coin .emc .bazar
Root
Emercoin
ku .te .ti .uu .ko .rm
ku .te .ti .uu .ko .rm
Name
ku .te .ti .uu .ko .rm
Root
New Nations
| Name | Root | Notes |
| N/A | Handshake | The list of registered TLDs on the Handshake blockchain is too large and dynamic to enumerate here. |
| bbs .cyb .geek .indy .neo .o .oz .pirate | OpenNIC | |
| fur | FurNIC | |
| lib .emc | Emercoin | |
| ku .ti .ko | New Nations |
References
- A subsidiary of Minds + Machines Group (formerly Top Level Domain Holdings.)
- Operated by Charleston Road Registry, Inc., a subsidiary of Google. See [1].http://www.google.com/registry/faqs.html
- Domain registry is operated by United TLD Holdco Ltd. t/a Rightside Registry, a subsidiary of the Rightside Group.
- Operating as Victor Frostbite, LLC
- Operating as Delta Orchard, LLC
- Operating as New Cypress, LLC
- Operating as Outer Moon, LLC
- Operating as Auburn Bloom, LLC
- Operating as Pioneer Tigers, LLC
- iana.orghttps://www.iana.org/domains/root/db
- Root Zone Database. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. Retrieved April 1, 2021.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db
- The Domain Name Industry Brief, Q1 2025. Domain Name Industry Brief. Retrieved May 27, 2025.https://www.dnib.com/articles/the-domain-name-industry-brief-q1-2025
- "IANA's list of TLDs in machine-readable format"https://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt
- icann.orghttps://web.archive.org/web/20190325014841/http://stats.research.icann.org/dns/tld_report/
- "Root Zone file"https://www.internic.net/domain/root.zone
- "IANA root zone database"https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/
- "Root Zone Database"https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db
- Signposts in Cyberspace: The Domain Name System and Internet Navigationhttps://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/11258/chapter/1
- Domain requirementshttps://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc920
- Domain Name System Structure and Delegationhttps://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1591
- Domain Name Wire - Domain Name News & Viewshttps://web.archive.org/web/20141012053445/http://domainnamewire.com/2014/09/08/new-tlds-dot-london-global/
- "关于拟注销北京千橡网景科技发展有限公司".ren"顶级域域名注册管理机构许可的公示"http://www.miit.gov.cn/n1146285/n1146352/n3054355/n3057709/n3057714/c7563200/content.html
- "IANA Root Zone Database"https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db
- iana.orghttps://www.iana.org/domains/idn-tables
- §5, Policy for the Registration of .reise Domain Names Archived 20 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine, dotreise GmbH.https://www.laseoexperts.com/reise-domain-registration-policy/
- "'Immo' as abbreviation for 'immobiliën'"https://web.archive.org/web/20160812045156/http://vlaamswoordenboek.be/definities/term/immo
- ".VOTO Registration Policy"https://web.archive.org/web/20141218175043/http://voto.afilias.info/voto_registration_policy
- "Registrant FAQs"https://web.archive.org/web/20141218174903/http://voto.afilias.info/registrant-faqs
- General Eligibility Requirements and Principles for the new .LAW and .ABOGADO top-level domains Archived 29 November 201http://mm-registry.com/law/
- Uniregistry.linkhttps://web.archive.org/web/20140625050727/http://uniregistry.link/registry/idn-tables
- LTDA advantageshttps://web.archive.org/web/20141006095120/https://www.nic.ltda/ltda-domains/why-ltda/
- iana.orghttps://www.iana.org/domains/idn-tables
- "Delegated Strings"http://newgtlds.icann.org/en/program-status/delegated-strings
- Domain Name Wire - Domain Name News & Viewshttp://domainnamewire.com/2014/03/19/chinese-government-buys-20000-new-idn-domain-names/
- icannwikihttps://icannwiki.org/.%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C
- "Google Registry – Google"http://www.google.com/registry/
- www.iana.orghttps://www.iana.org/reports/2016/bangla-report-20160902.html
- www.registry.inhttps://www.registry.in/internationalized-domain-names-idns
- africa - Registry Africahttps://registry.africa/support/faqs/
- "dotCapeTown - .CapeTown - The new domain extension for the City of Cape Town"https://web.archive.org/web/20140630195600/http://nic.capetown/
- "dotDurban - .Durban - The new domain extension for the City of Durban"https://web.archive.org/web/20140808123036/http://nic.durban/
- "dotJoburg - .Joburg - The new domain extension for the City of Johannesburg"https://web.archive.org/web/20141218055057/http://nic.joburg/
- IANA - .krd Domain Delegation Data, IANA. Accessed on line 24 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/krd.html
- krd Network Information Centre, accessed on line 24 November 2014.http://nic.krd/
- "About .kyoto"https://web.archive.org/web/20171010005333/http://nic.kyoto/en/about/
- GMOドメインレジストリ株式会社https://web.archive.org/web/20141021134416/http://hello.nagoya/
- IANA - .okinawa Domain Delegation Data, IANA. Accessed on line 25 August 2022.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/okinawa.html
- IANA - .ryukyu Domain Delegation Data, IANA. Accessed on line 1 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/ryukyu.html
- ".taipei Net Top City"https://web.archive.org/web/20141105015558/http://nic.taipei/eng/index.html
- GMOドメインレジストリ株式会社https://web.archive.org/web/20140904225230/http://hello.tokyo/
- GMOドメインレジストリ株式会社http://nic.yokohama/
- "Book your extension .alsace"https://www.mondomaine.alsace/en/#arguments
- BZH - L'extension internet de la Bretagnehttps://www.pik.bzh/
- (in Catalan) Fundació punt CAT | A Internet, el català és .cat. Registra ara un domini i identifica’t amb el teu .cat. Fhttp://fundacio.cat/ca/domini
- ".eus Domeinua - .eus - Euskara eta Euskal Kultura Interneten"http://nic.eus/
- cdn.paris.frhttps://cdn.paris.fr/paris/2021/09/01/d99971a614c63c3c97e99e4976154ccd.pdf
- nic.bayernhttps://nic.bayern/
- (in German) berlin Top-Level-Domain Archived 18 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Nic.berlin. Retrieved 25 May 2014.http://nic.berlin
- "The New TLDS .koeln & .cologne"https://web.archive.org/web/20140904071854/http://www.dot.cologne/en
- "The New TLDS .koeln & .cologne"https://web.archive.org/web/20141021154503/https://dot.koeln/en
- IANA - .nrw Domain Delegation Data, IANA. Accessed on line 26 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/nrw.html
- ".ruhr"http://www.dot.ruhr/
- "dotSaarland GmbH"http://nic.saarland/
- (in Catalan) Fundació punt CAT | A Internet, el català és .cat. Registra ara un domini i identifica’t amb el teu .cat. Fhttp://fundacio.cat/ca/domini
- "Dominio .gal"http://www.dominio.gal
- IANA - .madrid Domain Delegation Data, IANA. Accessed on line 24 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/madrid.html
- EURid.https://eurid.eu/en/
- amsterdam Top-Level-Domain.http://nic.amsterdam
- ".brussels is now in the root! - DNS Belgium"https://web.archive.org/web/20141218010531/http://nic.brussels/index.html
- ".cymru .wales Our Home Online"http://ourhomeonline.wales/
- (in Dutch) frl Top-Level-Domain. Nic.frl. Retrieved 5 September 2014.http://nic.frl
- "Official website of .GENT"http://www.nic.gent/about-dotgent
- "The New London Code"https://web.archive.org/web/20141218034951/http://nic.london/
- "About TLDs .MOSCOW and .МОСКВА - dotMoscow: .MOSCOW and .МОСКВА TLDs for Russian Capital"http://nic.moscow/
- "Register .scot domains - Calico .scot domains - dotscot is the new Scottish top level domain"http://calico.scot/
- Zonemasterhttps://zonemaster.iis.se/en/?resultid=e11eaf81dd0102a2
- "Zuteilung und Verwaltung der Domain-Namen der zweiten Ebene, die der Internet-Domain ".swiss" untergeordnet sind"https://www.bakom.admin.ch/bakom/de/home/das-bakom/organisation/rechtliche-grundlagen/vollzugspraxis/technische-und-administrative-vorschriften/sr-784-101-113-2-14.html
- "Mission"http://domain.tatar/en/about/mission.php
- "Tirol Domain"http://www.nic.tirol/
- ".vlaanderen is now in the root! - DNS Belgium"https://web.archive.org/web/20141021151143/http://nic.vlaanderen/index.html
- ".wien: punktwien"http://www.nic.wien/
- ".zuerich Registry Operator Website"http://nic.zuerich/
- "Register domain in .su zone"https://www.nic.ru/en/catalog/domains/su/
- IANA - .miami Domain Delegation Data, IANA. Accessed on line 25 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/miami.html
- NYC - The Official Website for the Ultimate New York City Addresshttp://www.nic.nyc
- ".QUEBEC"https://registre.quebec/
- "Dot Vegas, Inc"https://web.archive.org/web/20140903193037/http://www.nic.vegas/
- "Why .kiwi?"https://www.hello.kiwi/why-dotkiwi
- nic.melbournehttp://nic.melbourne/
- IANA - .sydney Domain Delegation Data, IANA. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/sydney.html
- ".LAT Domain - About us"https://web.archive.org/web/20150903233033/http://nic.lat/en/ecom-lac.html
- ".LAT Domain - FAQs"https://web.archive.org/web/20150903233033/http://nic.lat/en/faqs.html
- "IANA - .rio Domain Delegation Data"https://web.archive.org/web/20141209192710/https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/rio.html
- xn--1qqw23a.html IANA - .佛山 Domain Delegation Data, IANA. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/
- "О фонде | Foundation for Assistance for Internet Technologies and Infrastructure Development"http://nic.москва/
- 101domain.comhttps://www.101domain.com/abc.htm
- IANA — .allfinanz Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 19 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/allfinanz.html
- IANA — .android Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 19 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/android.html
- IANA — .aquarelle Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/aquarelle.html
- "dotAXA: AXA Group New Online Space"http://www.domains.axa/
- "Barclays begins using .Barclays and .Barclaycard top level domains"http://domainnamewire.com/2015/05/15/barclays-begins-using-barclays-and-barclaycard-top-level-domains/
- "FIBA launches .basketball as new digital identity of the global basketball community"https://web.archive.org/web/20180702233409/http://www.fiba.basketball/news/fiba-launches-basketball-as-new-digital-identity-of-the-global-basketball-community
- IANA — .bloomberg Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 19 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/bloomberg.html
- "Home dotBMW registry operator"http://www.nic.bmw/
- IANA — .bnl Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 26 June 2015.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/bnl.html
- "nic.bnpparibas"https://nic.bnpparibas/en/
- iana.orghttps://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/bradesco.html
- IANA — .cal Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 19 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/cal.html
- IANA — .caravan Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 19 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/caravan.html
- IANA — .cern Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 20 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/cern.html
- IANA — .chrome Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 20 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/chrome.html
- "中国中信集团有限公司"https://web.archive.org/web/20190226180956/http://www.nic.citic/
- IANA — .crs Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 20 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/crs.html
- IANA — .cuisinella Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 20 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/cuisinella.html
- IANA — .dnp Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 20 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/dnp.html
- IANA — .dvag Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 20 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/dvag.html
- IANA — .edeka Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 10 October 2016.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/edeka.html
- IANA — .emerck Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 20 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/emerck.html
- IANA — .everbank Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/everbank.html
- IANA — .firmdale Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 24 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/firmdale.html
- IANA — .flsmidth Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 21 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/flsmidth.html
- "Using the .frogans gTLD"https://nic.frogans/en/main.html
- IANA — .gbiz Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 21 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/gbiz.html
- IANA — .gle Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 21 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/gle.html
- ".globo"http://nic.globo/
- IANA — .gmail Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 21 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/gmail.html
- IANA — .gmo Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 21 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/gmo.html
- IANA — .gmx Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 21 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/gmx.html
- IANA — Delegation Record for .GOOG. Accessed on line 3 October 2018.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/goog.html
- IANA — .google Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 21 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/google.html
- ".hsbc"http://nic.hsbc/
- IANA — .ibm Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 24 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/ibm.html
- IANA — .kred Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 24 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/kred.html
- IANA — .lacaixa Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 25 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/lacaixa.html
- IANA — .latrobe Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/latrobe.html
- This domain has been delegated to IRI Domain Management, LLC, a subsidiary of Intellectual Reserve, Inc., which is owned
- IANA — .lds Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 21 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/lds.html
- iana.orghttps://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/leclerc.html
- Dotup New gTLD Consultancyhttps://www.newgtldprogram.com/post/eleclerc-dotbrand-tld-case-study
- "MANGO"https://web.archive.org/web/20150214044501/http://nic.mango/
- "Home dotMINI registry operator"http://www.nic.mini/
- ".monash - Network Information Centre"http://nic.monash/
- "New gTLD Program : InitialEvaluation Report : Report Date: 10 May 2013"http://newgtlds.icann.org/sites/default/files/ier/hu62oef5uc0u8riu78usp26r/ie-1-1153-75618-en.pdf
- IANA — .mormon Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 21 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/mormon.html
- "Neustar Launches New TLD .Neustar"http://www.nic.neustar/
- IANA — .nhk Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 26 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/nhk.html
- ".nico - The Brand TLD for Dwango Co., Ltd"http://nic.nico/
- IANA — .nra Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 26 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/nra.html
- IANA — .otsuka Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 26 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/otsuka.html
- "The New OVH Code"http://www.nic.ovh/en/index.xml
- "NIC PIAGET"https://web.archive.org/web/20180118080532/http://nic.piaget/
- IANA — .pohl Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 1 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/pohl.html
- IANA — .praxi Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 1 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/praxi.html
- IANA — .prod Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 1 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/prod.html
- NIC PwC. Accessed on line 1 December 2014.http://www.nic.pwc
- "Site:.SANDVIKCOROMANT - Google Search"https://web.archive.org/web/20181029095423/https://www.google.de/search?q=site:.SANDVIKCOROMANT
- icannwiki.orghttps://icannwiki.org/.sap
- ".sca"https://web.archive.org/web/20181229081004/http://nic.sca/
- IANA — .schmidt Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/schmidt.html
- IANA — .seek Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 20 July 2016.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/seek.html
- IANA — .sohu Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/sohu.html
- IANA — .spiegel Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/spiegel.html
- IANA — .suzuki Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/suzuki.html
- IANA — .tui Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 19 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/tui.html
- IANA — .uol Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/uol.html
- IANA — .williamhill Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/williamhill.html
- IANA — .wme Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/wme.html
- IANA — .wtc Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/wtc.html
- "This is .yandex"https://archive.today/20140719191526/http://nic.yandex/
- IANA — .youtube Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 2 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/youtube.html
- www.iana.orghttps://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/xn--jlq480n2rg.html
- www.iana.orghttps://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/xn--cckwcxetd.html
- "Nic.中信"https://web.archive.org/web/20150306204218/http://www.nic.xn--fiq64b/
- IANA — .vermögensberater Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 1 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/xn--vermgensberater-ctb.html
- IANA — .vermögensberatung Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 1 December 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/xn--vermgensberatung-pwb.html
- IANA — .グーグル Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 24 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/xn--qcka1pmc.html
- IANA — .谷歌 Domain Delegation Data. Accessed on line 24 November 2014.https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/xn--flw351e.html
- dnsviz.nethttps://dnsviz.net/d/xn--jlq61u9w7b/Y4_Aog/dnssec/
- Whois.nichttp://whois.nic.xn--cg4bki/
- "Special-use domain names"https://www.iana.org/assignments/special-use-domain-names/special-use-domain-names.xhtml
- Multicast DNShttps://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6762
- "ipv6-literal.net Domain History"http://www.who.is/domain-history/ipv6-literal.net
- IETF Datatrackerhttps://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8375
- IETF Datatrackerhttps://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6762#appendix-G
- ICANNhttps://www.icann.org/en/board-activities-and-meetings/materials/approved-resolutions-special-meeting-of-the-icann-board-29-07-2024-en
- ICANN Wikihttps://icannwiki.org/Name_Collision
- The Blockchain and the New Architecture of Trusthttps://books.google.com/books?id=oHp8DwAAQBAJ&dq=blockchain+human-readable+references+to+smart+contract+addresses&pg=PA213
- agt domainshttps://agtdomains.com/
- ICANN.orghttps://www.icann.org/en/contracted-parties/accredited-registrars/list-of-accredited-registrars
- MIT Technology Reviewhttps://www.technologyreview.com/2020/02/07/844900/handshake-network-dns-live/
- Vice.comhttps://www.vice.com/en/article/the-gold-rush-is-on-for-ethereum-domain-names/
- www.theregister.comhttps://www.theregister.com/2020/03/31/opera_android_dot_crypto/
- ZDNethttps://www.zdnet.com/article/opennic-drops-support-for-bit-domain-names-after-rampant-malware-abuse/