List of Internet top-level domains
Updated: 5/20/2026, 7:39:14 PM Wikipedia source
This list of Internet top-level domains (TLD) contains top-level domains, which are those domains in the DNS root zone of the Domain Name System of the Internet. A list of the top-level domains by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is maintained at the Root Zone Database. IANA also oversees the approval process for new proposed top-level domains for ICANN. As of February 2026, the IANA root database includes 1593 TLDs. This database also includes 156 that are not assigned (revoked or retired) and 11 test domains, all of which are not represented in IANA's TLD listing nor in the root file (the file also includes one root domain). This number of active TLDs has decreased from 1502 in March 2021, reflecting removals, retirements, and changes in the root zone database.
Tables
· Original top-level domains
com
com
Name
com
Entity
Commercial
Administrator
Verisign
Notes
This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Though originally intended for use by for-profit business entities, for a number of reasons it became the main TLD for domain names and is currently used by all types of entities including nonprofits, schools, and private individuals. Domain name registrations may be successfully c
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
org
org
Name
org
Entity
Organization
Administrator
Public Interest Registry
Notes
This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Originally created as a miscellaneous category as stated in RFC 920 (October 1984) ".. other domains meeting the second level requirements," and clarified in RFC 1591 (March 1994), "This domain is intended as the miscellaneous TLD for organizations that didn't fit anywhere else
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
net
net
Name
net
Entity
Network
Administrator
Verisign
Notes
This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. According to RFC 1591 (March 1994) "This domain is intended to hold only the computers of network providers."
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
int
int
Name
int
Entity
International
Administrator
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Notes
The TLD is strictly limited to organizations, offices, and programs endorsed by a treaty between two or more nations. However, a few grandfathered domains do not meet these criteria.
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
edu
edu
Name
edu
Entity
Education
Administrator
Educause (via Verisign)
Notes
The TLD is limited to specific higher educational institutions such as, but not limited to, trade schools and universities. In the U ., its use was restricted in 2001 to post-secondary institutions accredited by an agency on the list of nationally recognized accrediting agencies. This domain is therefore almost exclusively used by colleges an
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
gov
gov
Name
gov
Entity
U . national and state government agencies
Administrator
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (via Verisign)
Notes
The TLD is limited to United States governmental entities and agencies as well as qualifying state, county and local municipal government agencies, and tribal governments.
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
mil
mil
Name
mil
Entity
U . military
Administrator
United States Department of Defense
Notes
The TLD is restricted to departments, services and agencies of the United States Department of Defense.
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
SLD
Yes
IPv6
Yes
| Name | Entity | Administrator | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC | SLD | IPv6 |
| com | Commercial | Verisign | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Though originally intended for use by for-profit business entities, for a number of reasons it became the main TLD for domain names and is currently used by all types of entities including nonprofits, schools, and private individuals. Domain name registrations may be successfully c | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| org | Organization | Public Interest Registry | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Originally created as a miscellaneous category as stated in RFC 920 (October 1984) ".. other domains meeting the second level requirements," and clarified in RFC 1591 (March 1994), "This domain is intended as the miscellaneous TLD for organizations that didn't fit anywhere else | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| net | Network | Verisign | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. According to RFC 1591 (March 1994) "This domain is intended to hold only the computers of network providers." | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| int | International | Internet Assigned Numbers Authority | The TLD is strictly limited to organizations, offices, and programs endorsed by a treaty between two or more nations. However, a few grandfathered domains do not meet these criteria. | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| edu | Education | Educause (via Verisign) | The TLD is limited to specific higher educational institutions such as, but not limited to, trade schools and universities. In the U ., its use was restricted in 2001 to post-secondary institutions accredited by an agency on the list of nationally recognized accrediting agencies. This domain is therefore almost exclusively used by colleges an | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| gov | U . national and state government agencies | Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (via Verisign) | The TLD is limited to United States governmental entities and agencies as well as qualifying state, county and local municipal government agencies, and tribal governments. | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| mil | U . military | United States Department of Defense | The TLD is restricted to departments, services and agencies of the United States Department of Defense. | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
· Infrastructure top-level domains
arpa
arpa
Infrastructure
arpa
Entity
"Address and Routing Parameter Area"
Notes
Originally assigned to the Advanced Research Projects Agency in the early days on the Internet, is now exclusively used as an Internet infrastructure TLD.
IDN
No
DNSSEC
Yes
| Infrastructure | Entity | Notes | IDN | DNSSEC |
| arpa | "Address and Routing Parameter Area" | Originally assigned to the Advanced Research Projects Agency in the early days on the Internet, is now exclusively used as an Internet infrastructure TLD. | No | Yes |
· ICANN-era generic top-level domains › Chinese ( )
ren
ren
Name
ren
Chinese term
人 rén
Translation
"people/person" in Mandarin pinyin
Restrictions
Restricted TLD
Operator
(Cancelled)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
shouji
shouji
Name
shouji
Chinese term
手机 shǒujī
Translation
mobile phone
Restrictions
—
Operator
QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD.
tushu
tushu
Name
tushu
Chinese term
图书 túshū
Translation
books
Restrictions
—
Operator
Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
wanggou
wanggou
Name
wanggou
Chinese term
网购 wǎnggòu
Translation
online shopping
Restrictions
—
Operator
Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
weibo
weibo
Name
weibo
Chinese term
微博 wēibó
Translation
microblogging
Restrictions
—
Operator
Sina Corporation
xihuan
xihuan
Name
xihuan
Chinese term
喜欢 xǐhuān
Translation
like
Restrictions
—
Operator
QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD.
xin
xin
Name
xin
Chinese term
信 xìn
Translation
credit; honest
Restrictions
—
Operator
Alibaba Group
| Name | Chinese term | Translation | Restrictions | Operator | IDN | DNSSEC |
| ren | 人 rén | "people/person" in Mandarin pinyin | Restricted TLD | (Cancelled) | Unknown | Yes |
| shouji | 手机 shǒujī | mobile phone | — | QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. | ||
| tushu | 图书 túshū | books | — | Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | ||
| wanggou | 网购 wǎnggòu | online shopping | — | Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | ||
| weibo | 微博 wēibó | microblogging | — | Sina Corporation | ||
| xihuan | 喜欢 xǐhuān | like | — | QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. | ||
| xin | 信 xìn | credit; honest | — | Alibaba Group |
· ICANN-era generic top-level domains › French ( )
arte
arte
Name
arte
Translation
Association relative à la télévision européenne, whose acronym is arte, "art"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Association Relative à la Télévision Européenne G .
clinique
clinique
Name
clinique
Translation
"clinic or hospital"
Restrictions
—
Operator
The Estée Lauder Companies Inc.
luxe
luxe
Name
luxe
Translation
"luxury"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Minds + Machines
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
maison
maison
Name
maison
Translation
"house"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
moi
moi
Name
moi
Translation
"me"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
rsvp
rsvp
Name
rsvp
Translation
Invitations and replies
Restrictions
—
Operator
Charleston Road Registry Inc. (Google)
IDN
Unknown
DNSSEC
Yes
sarl
sarl
Name
sarl
Translation
Société à responsabilité limitée, Francophone Limited liability company
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Translation | Restrictions | Operator | IDN | DNSSEC |
| arte | Association relative à la télévision européenne, whose acronym is arte, "art" | — | Association Relative à la Télévision Européenne G . | ||
| clinique | "clinic or hospital" | — | The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. | ||
| luxe | "luxury" | — | Minds + Machines | Unknown | Yes |
| maison | "house" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| moi | "me" | — | Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | ||
| rsvp | Invitations and replies | — | Charleston Road Registry Inc. (Google) | Unknown | Yes |
| sarl | Société à responsabilité limitée, Francophone Limited liability company | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
· ICANN-era generic top-level domains › German ( )
epost
epost
Name
epost
Translation
e-mail
Restrictions
—
Operator
Deutsche Post AG
gmbh
gmbh
Name
gmbh
Translation
GmbH
Restrictions
Upon request, you will be required to demonstrate current or pending designation as a GmbH company whose existence can be validated with the respective public authorities in Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein or Switzerland.
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
haus
haus
Name
haus
Translation
"house"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
immobilien
immobilien
Name
immobilien
Translation
"real estate"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
jetzt
jetzt
Name
jetzt
Translation
"now"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
kaufen
kaufen
Name
kaufen
Translation
"buy"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
kinder
kinder
Name
kinder
Translation
"children"
Restrictions
restricted TLD
Operator
Ferrero Trading Lux S .
reise
reise
Name
reise
Translation
"travel"
Restrictions
Must be an eligible member of the travel business community; also, domain must be used for travel-related purposes.
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
reisen
reisen
Name
reisen
Translation
"traveling"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
schule
schule
Name
schule
Translation
"school"
Restrictions
—
Operator
Identity Digital
IDN
Yes
DNSSEC
Yes
versicherung
versicherung
Name
versicherung
Translation
"insurance"
Restrictions
—
IDN
Latin script
DNSSEC
Yes
| Name | Translation | Restrictions | Operator | IDN | DNSSEC |
| epost | e-mail | — | Deutsche Post AG | ||
| gmbh | GmbH | Upon request, you will be required to demonstrate current or pending designation as a GmbH company whose existence can be validated with the respective public authorities in Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein or Switzerland. | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| haus | "house" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| immobilien | "real estate" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| jetzt | "now" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| kaufen | "buy" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| kinder | "children" | restricted TLD | Ferrero Trading Lux S . | ||
| reise | "travel" | Must be an eligible member of the travel business community; also, domain must be used for travel-related purposes. | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| reisen | "traveling" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| schule | "school" | — | Identity Digital | Yes | Yes |
| versicherung | "insurance" | — | Latin script | Yes |
References
- A subsidiary of Minds + Machines Group (formerly Top Level Domain Holdings.)
- Operating as Binky Moon, LLC, a shell company subsidiary of Identity Digital
- Operated by Charleston Road Registry, Inc., a subsidiary of Google. See .http://www.google.com/registry/faqs.html
- Operating as Dog Beach, LLC, a shell company subsidiary of Identity Digital
- ianahttps://www.iana.org/domains/root/db
- "IANA's list of TLDs in machine-readable format"https://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt
- "Root Zone file"https://www.internic.net/domain/root.zone
- The Domain Name Industry Brief, Q1 2025. Domain Name Industry Brief. Retrieved May 27, 2025.https://www.dnib.com/articles/the-domain-name-industry-brief-q1-2025
- icannhttps://web.archive.org/web/20190325014841/http://stats.research.icann.org/dns/tld_report/
- "IANA root zone database"https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/
- "Root Zone Database"https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db
- Signposts in Cyberspace: The Domain Name System and Internet Navigationhttps://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/11258/chapter/1
- Domain requirementshttps://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc920
- Domain Name System Structure and Delegationhttps://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1591
- Domain Name Wire - Domain Name News & Viewshttps://web.archive.org/web/20141012053445/http://domainnamewire.com/2014/09/08/new-tlds-dot-london-global/
- "关于拟注销北京千橡网景科技发展有限公司" "顶级域域名注册管理机构许可的公示"http://www.miit.gov.cn/n1146285/n1146352/n3054355/n3057709/n3057714/c7563200/content.html
- "IANA Root Zone Database"https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db
- ianahttps://www.iana.org/domains/idn-tables
- §5, Policy for the Registration of Domain Names Archived 20 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine, dotreise GmbH. Accessehttps://www.laseoexperts.com/reise-domain-registration-policy/
- "'Immo' as abbreviation for 'immobiliën'"https://web.archive.org/web/20160812045156/http://vlaamswoordenboek.be/definities/term/immo