| Period | Members | Releases |
| 1971 – 1973 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Al Hertzberg – guitar Larry Russell – bass guitar Rhys Clark – drums | Cold Spring Harbor (1971) Joel and Clark only Piano Man (1973) live tracks only |
| 1973 – 1974 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Rhys Clark – drums Don Evans – guitar Patrick McDonald – bass | Piano Man (1973) Joel and Clark only |
| 1974 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Rhys Clark – drums Don Evans – guitar Doug Stegmeyer – bass Tom Whitehorse – banjo, pedal steel guitar Johnny Almond – saxophone, keyboards | Streetlife Serenade (1974) Joel, Evans and Whitehorse only |
| 1974 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Rhys Clark – drums Don Evans – guitar Doug Stegmeyer – bass Johnny Almond – saxophone, keyboards | Live at the Great American Music Hall 1975 (2023) |
| 1975 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Doug Stegmeyer – bass, backing vocals Howard Emerson – lead guitar Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Richie Cannata – saxophone, flute, clarinet, percussion, keyboards, organ, backing vocals | Live at Carnegie Hall 1977 (2019) |
| 1975 – 1978 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Doug Stegmeyer – bass, backing vocals Howard Emerson – lead guitar Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Richie Cannata – saxophone, flute, clarinet, percussion, keyboards, organ, backing vocals Russell Javors – rhythm guitar, harmonica, backing vocals | Turnstiles (1976) The Stranger (1977) |
| 1978 – 1982 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Doug Stegmeyer – bass, backing vocals Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Richie Cannata – saxophone, flute, clarinet, percussion, keyboards, organ, backing vocals Russell Javors – rhythm guitar, harmonica, backing vocals David Brown – lead guitar, backing vocals | 52nd Street (1978) Glass Houses (1980) Songs in the Attic (1981) The Nylon Curtain (1982) without Cannata |
| 1982 – 1987 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Doug Stegmeyer – bass, backing vocals Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Russell Javors – rhythm guitar, harmonica, backing vocals David Brown – lead guitar David Lebolt – keyboards Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar | An Innocent Man (1983) without Lebolt The Bridge (1986) without Lebolt |
| 1987 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Doug Stegmeyer – bass, backing vocals Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Russell Javors – rhythm guitar, harmonica, backing vocals David Lebolt – keyboards Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar Kevin Dukes – lead guitar | Kohuept (1987) |
| 1988 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar David Brown – lead guitar Jeff Jacobs – keyboards, backing vocals Schuyler Deale – bass Mindy Jostyn – backing vocals, guitar, violin, keyboards | Storm Front (1989) without Jostyn |
| 1989 – 1990 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar David Brown – lead guitar Jeff Jacobs – keyboards, backing vocals Schuyler Deale – bass Mindy Jostyn – backing vocals, guitar, violin, keyboards Tommy Byrnes – rhythm guitar, backing vocals Crystal Taliefero – percussion, vocals, saxophone, rhythm guitar, harmonica | none |
| 1990 – 1991 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar David Brown – lead guitar Jeff Jacobs – keyboards, backing vocals Schuyler Deale – bass Tommy Byrnes – rhythm guitar, backing vocals Crystal Taliefero – percussion, vocals, saxophone, rhythm guitar, harmonica | River of Dreams (1993) |
| 1993 – 1994 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar Tommy Byrnes – lead guitar, backing vocals Crystal Taliefero – percussion, vocals, saxophone, rhythm guitar, harmonica David Rosenthal – keyboards, backing vocals Tom Wolk – bass, accordion, mandolin, backing vocals | none |
| 1997 – 2000 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar Tommy Byrnes – lead guitar, backing vocals Crystal Taliefero – percussion, vocals, saxophone, rhythm guitar, harmonica David Rosenthal – keyboards, backing vocals David Santos – bass | 2000 Years: The Millennium Concert (2000) |
| 2001 – 2005 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Liberty DeVitto – drums, percussion Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar Tommy Byrnes – lead guitar, backing vocals Crystal Taliefero – percussion, vocals, saxophone, rhythm guitar, harmonica David Rosenthal – keyboards, backing vocals Andy Cichon – bass, backing vocals | none |
| 2006 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar Tommy Byrnes – lead guitar, backing vocals Crystal Taliefero – percussion, vocals, saxophone, rhythm guitar, harmonica David Rosenthal – keyboards, backing vocals Andy Cichon – bass, backing vocals Chuck Burgi – drums, percussion Richie Cannata – saxophone, percussion Carl Fischer – trumpet, flugelhorn, trombone, saxophone, clarinet | 12 Gardens Live (2006) |
| 2006 – 2013 | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar Tommy Byrnes – lead guitar, backing vocals Crystal Taliefero – percussion, vocals, saxophone, rhythm guitar, harmonica David Rosenthal – keyboards, backing vocals Andy Cichon – bass, backing vocals Chuck Burgi – drums, percussion Carl Fischer – trumpet, flugelhorn, trombone, saxophone, clarinet | Live at Shea Stadium: The Concert (2011) |
| 2013 – present | Billy Joel – vocals, piano, keyboards, harmonica Mark Rivera – saxophone, flute, clarinet, vocals, percussion, keyboards, rhythm guitar Tommy Byrnes – lead guitar, backing vocals Crystal Taliefero – percussion, vocals, saxophone, rhythm guitar, harmonica David Rosenthal – keyboards, backing vocals Andy Cichon – bass, backing vocals Chuck Burgi – drums, percussion Carl Fischer – trumpet, flugelhorn, trombone, saxophone, clarinet Mike DelGuidice – rhythm guitar, vocals, piano | none to date |
