| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1983, 2017 | Great Performances | Alice / Liz Essendine | 2 episodes |
| 1984 | Ellis Island | Vanessa Ogden | Miniseries3 episodes |
| 1985 | Evergreen | Agatha Bradford | Episode: "1.2" |
| 1987 | Uncle Tom's Cabin | Ophelia | Television film |
| 1987–1988 | Spenser: For Hire | Randy Lofficier | 2 episodes |
| 1988 | American Playhouse | Agnes Bolton O'Neill | Episode: "Journey Into Genius" |
| 1992 | Law & Order | Sister Bettina | Episode: "Sisters of Mercy" |
| 1992 | Home Fires | Anne Kramer | 6 episodes |
| 1993 | Brooklyn Bridge | Susan Lowenberg Jones | Episode: "Keeping Up with the Joneses" |
| 1993 | Love Matters | Deborah | Television film |
| 1994 | Monty | Fran Richardson | 13 episodes |
| 1994 | All My Children | Dr. Renee Peters | Unknown episodes |
| 1995 | ABC Afterschool Special | Brenda Gardner | Episode: "Notes for My Daughter"Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performer in a Children's Special |
| 1996 | Mistrial | Katherine Donohue | Television film |
| 1997 | Ellen Foster | Abigail Montford | Television film |
| 1997–2004 | The Practice | Susan Alexander | 9 episodes |
| 2001–2009 | Law & Order | Erica Gardner | 4 episodes |
| 2001 | 100 Centre Street | Sheila Byrne | Episode: "My Brother's Keeper" |
| 2001 | Law & Order: Criminal Intent | Stephanie Uffland | Episode: "The Pardoner's Tale" |
| 2002 | Obsessed | Sara Miller | Television film |
| 2003 | The Diary of Ellen Rimbauer | Connie Posey | Television film |
| 2004 | The West Wing | Sarah Brainerd | Episode: "Slow News Day" |
| 2005 | Judging Amy | Dr. Sheri Jordan | Episode: "Silent Era" |
| 2005 | Empire Falls | Cindy Whiting | 2 episodes |
| 2005 | American Masters | Voice of Novels | Episode: "Ernest Hemingway: Rivers to the Sea" |
| 2005 | Numb3rs | Anthropologist | Episode: "Bones of Contention" |
| 2005–2006 | Rescue Me | Rose | 6 episodes |
| 2005–present | Grey's Anatomy | Ellis Grey | 26 episodesNominated—Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series (2006–07) |
| 2006 | Justice | Sarah Miller | Episode: "Death Spiral" |
| 2007 | Supreme Courtships | Justice Suzanne Mary Lynch | Unsold TV pilot |
| 2008 | Medium | Bonnie Barrister | Episode: "To Have and to Hold" |
| 2009 | Eleventh Hour | Gepetto / Miranda Cochran | Episode: "Pinocchio" |
| 2009 | Washingtonienne | Joy | Episode: "Pilot" |
| 2009–2012 | The Good Wife | Victoria Adler | 3 episodes |
| 2010 | The Deep End | Grace Graham | Episode: "Pilot" |
| 2011 | Law & Order: Special Victims Unit | Annette Cole | Episode: "Bully" |
| 2011 | Criminal Minds: Suspect Behavior | Deirdre Norris | Episode: "Smother" |
| 2011 | The Closer | Kate Wycoff | Episode: "Forgive Us Our Trespasses" |
| 2011–2017 | Grimm | Marie Kessler | 3 episodes |
| 2012 | Made in Jersey | Lorraine Beckett | Episode: "Cacti" |
| 2012–2017 | Veep | Barbara Hallowes | 3 episodes |
| 2012–2018 | Scandal | Vice President Sally Langston | 42 episodesNominated—Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series (2014) |
| 2013 | Revolution | Dr. Jane Warren | Episode: "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia" |
| 2013 | Live from Lincoln Center | Mrs. Mullin | Episode: "The New York Philharmonic's Performance of Rodgers & Hammerstein's Carousel" |
| 2014 | Rake | Holly Phillips | Episode: "Hey, Good Looking" |
| 2015 | Full Circle | Vera Quinn | 5 episodes |
| 2015 | Key & Peele | Hillary Clinton | Episode: "Y'all Ready for This?" |
| 2015 | Extant | Fiona Stanton | 6 episodes |
| 2016 | Elementary | Maureen Dannon | Episode: "Down Where the Dead Delight" |