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Kargil War

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Kargil War

The Kargil War, was fought between India and Pakistan from May to July 1999 in the Kargil district of Ladakh, then part of the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir and along the Line of Control (LoC). In India, the conflict is also referred to as Operation Vijay (Sanskrit: विजय, lit. 'Victory'), which was the codename of the Indian military operation in the region. The Indian Air Force acted jointly with the Indian Army to flush out the Pakistan Army and paramilitary troops from vacated Indian positions along the LoC, in what was designated as Operation Safed Sagar (Hindi: ऑपरेशन सफेद सागर, lit. 'White Sea'). The conflict was triggered by the infiltration of Pakistani troops—disguised as Kashmiri militants—into strategic positions on the Indian side of the LoC, which serves as the de facto border between the two countries in the disputed region of Kashmir. During its initial stages, Pakistan blamed the fighting entirely on independent Kashmiri insurgents, but documents left behind by casualties and later statements by Pakistan's Prime Minister and Chief of Army Staff showed the involvement of Pakistani paramilitary forces, led by General Ashraf Rashid. The Indian Army, later supported by the Indian Air Force, recaptured a majority of the positions on the Indian side of the LoC; facing international diplomatic opposition, Pakistani forces withdrew from all remaining Indian positions along the LoC. The Kargil War is the most recent example of high-altitude warfare in mountainous terrain, and as such, posed significant logistical problems for the combatting sides. It also marks one of only two instances of conventional warfare between nuclear-armed states (alongside the Sino-Soviet border conflict). India had conducted its first successful test in 1974; Pakistan, which had been developing its nuclear capability in secret since around the same time, conducted its first known tests in 1998, just two weeks after a second series of tests by India.

Infobox

Date
3 May – 26 July 1999(2 months, 3 weeks and 2 days)
Location
Kargil district, Jammu and Kashmir, (now Ladakh, India)
Result
Indian victory India regains possession of Kargil
Territorialchanges
Status quo ante bellum

Tables

· Timeline of events
3 May
3 May
Date (1999)
3 May
Event
A Pakistani intrusion in the Kargil district is reported by local shepherds.
5 May
5 May
Date (1999)
5 May
Event
Indian Army patrols are sent out in response to earlier reports; 5 Indian soldiers are captured and subsequently killed.
9 May
9 May
Date (1999)
9 May
Event
Heavy shelling by the Pakistan Army damages Indian ammunition dumps in Kargil.
10 May
10 May
Date (1999)
10 May
Event
Multiple infiltrations across the LoC are confirmed in Dras, Kaksar, and Mushkoh sectors.
18 May
18 May
Date (1999)
18 May
Event
Heavy mobilisation and troop movement ordered after 18 May CCS meeting.
22 May
22 May
Date (1999)
22 May
Event
Indian forces attack Tololing.
24 May
24 May
Date (1999)
24 May
Event
CCS meeting on 24 May approves use of Air Force.
26 May
26 May
Date (1999)
26 May
Event
The Indian Air Force (IAF) begins airstrikes against suspected infiltrator positions.
27 May
27 May
Date (1999)
27 May
Event
One IAF MiG-21 and one MiG-27 aircraft are shot down by Anza surface-to-air missiles of the Pakistan Army's Air Defence Corps; Flt. Lt. Kambampati Nachiketa (pilot of the MiG-27) is captured by a Pakistani patrol and given POW status (released on 3 June 1999).
28 May
28 May
Date (1999)
28 May
Event
One IAF Mi-17 is shot down by Pakistani forces; four crew members are killed.
1 June
1 June
Date (1999)
1 June
Event
The Pakistan Army begins shelling operations on India's National Highway 1 in Kashmir and Ladakh.
5 June
5 June
Date (1999)
5 June
Event
India releases documents recovered from three Pakistani soldiers that officially indicate Pakistan's involvement in the conflict.
9 June
9 June
Date (1999)
9 June
Event
Indian troops re-capture two key positions in the Batalik sector.
11 June
11 June
Date (1999)
11 June
Event
India releases intercepts of conversations between Pakistani COAS Gen. Pervez Musharraf (on a visit to China) CGS Lt. Gen. Aziz Khan (in Rawalpindi) as proof of the Pakistan Army's involvement in the infiltrations.
13 June
13 June
Date (1999)
13 June
Event
Tololing is captured by India.
15 June
15 June
Date (1999)
15 June
Event
United States President Bill Clinton forces then-Prime Minister of Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif to immediately pull all Pakistani troops and irregulars out from Kargil.
20 June
20 June
Date (1999)
20 June
Event
Point 5140 is captured by India.
3 July
3 July
Date (1999)
3 July
Event
Indian forces surround Tiger Hill.
5 July
5 July
Date (1999)
5 July
Event
Nawaz Sharif officially announces the Pakistan Army's withdrawal from Kargil following a meeting with President Clinton. Indian forces subsequently take control of Dras.
7 July
7 July
Date (1999)
7 July
Event
Indian troops recapture Jubar Heights in Batalik. Tiger Hill is captured by India.
11 July
11 July
Date (1999)
11 July
Event
India retakes key peak points in Batalik.
12 July
12 July
Date (1999)
12 July
Event
Pakistani agrees to stand down but fails to withdraw troops. India resumes operations.
14 July
14 July
Date (1999)
14 July
Event
Prime Minister of India Atal Bihari Vajpayee declares Operation Vijay a success. The Indian government sets conditions for talks with Pakistan.
26 July
26 July
Date (1999)
26 July
Event
Kargil War officially comes to an end. Indian Army announces the complete withdrawal of Pakistani irregular and regular forces.
Date (1999)
Event
3 May
A Pakistani intrusion in the Kargil district is reported by local shepherds.
5 May
Indian Army patrols are sent out in response to earlier reports; 5 Indian soldiers are captured and subsequently killed.
9 May
Heavy shelling by the Pakistan Army damages Indian ammunition dumps in Kargil.
10 May
Multiple infiltrations across the LoC are confirmed in Dras, Kaksar, and Mushkoh sectors.
18 May
Heavy mobilisation and troop movement ordered after 18 May CCS meeting.
22 May
Indian forces attack Tololing.
24 May
CCS meeting on 24 May approves use of Air Force.
26 May
The Indian Air Force (IAF) begins airstrikes against suspected infiltrator positions.
27 May
One IAF MiG-21 and one MiG-27 aircraft are shot down by Anza surface-to-air missiles of the Pakistan Army's Air Defence Corps; Flt. Lt. Kambampati Nachiketa (pilot of the MiG-27) is captured by a Pakistani patrol and given POW status (released on 3 June 1999).
28 May
One IAF Mi-17 is shot down by Pakistani forces; four crew members are killed.
1 June
The Pakistan Army begins shelling operations on India's National Highway 1 in Kashmir and Ladakh.
5 June
India releases documents recovered from three Pakistani soldiers that officially indicate Pakistan's involvement in the conflict.
9 June
Indian troops re-capture two key positions in the Batalik sector.
11 June
India releases intercepts of conversations between Pakistani COAS Gen. Pervez Musharraf (on a visit to China) CGS Lt. Gen. Aziz Khan (in Rawalpindi) as proof of the Pakistan Army's involvement in the infiltrations.
13 June
Tololing is captured by India.
15 June
United States President Bill Clinton forces then-Prime Minister of Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif to immediately pull all Pakistani troops and irregulars out from Kargil.
20 June
Point 5140 is captured by India.
3 July
Indian forces surround Tiger Hill.
5 July
Nawaz Sharif officially announces the Pakistan Army's withdrawal from Kargil following a meeting with President Clinton. Indian forces subsequently take control of Dras.
7 July
Indian troops recapture Jubar Heights in Batalik. Tiger Hill is captured by India.
11 July
India retakes key peak points in Batalik.
12 July
Pakistani agrees to stand down but fails to withdraw troops. India resumes operations.
14 July
Prime Minister of India Atal Bihari Vajpayee declares Operation Vijay a success. The Indian government sets conditions for talks with Pakistan.
26 July
Kargil War officially comes to an end. Indian Army announces the complete withdrawal of Pakistani irregular and regular forces.
· Gallantry awards › India
Yogendra Singh Yadav
Yogendra Singh Yadav
Award
Param Vir Chakra
Rank
Grenadier
Name
Yogendra Singh Yadav
Unit
18 Grenadiers
Manoj Kumar Pandey
Manoj Kumar Pandey
Award
Param Vir Chakra
Rank
Lieutenant
Name
Manoj Kumar Pandey
Unit
1/11 Gorkha Rifles
Vikram Batra
Vikram Batra
Award
Param Vir Chakra
Rank
Captain
Name
Vikram Batra
Unit
13 Jammu and Kashmir Rifles
Sanjay Kumar
Sanjay Kumar
Award
Param Vir Chakra
Rank
Rifleman
Name
Sanjay Kumar
Unit
13 Jammu and Kashmir Rifles
Anuj Nayyar
Anuj Nayyar
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Captain
Name
Anuj Nayyar
Unit
17 Jat
Rajesh Singh Adhikari
Rajesh Singh Adhikari
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Major
Name
Rajesh Singh Adhikari
Unit
18 Grenadiers
Gurjinder Singh Suri
Gurjinder Singh Suri
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Captain
Name
Gurjinder Singh Suri
Unit
12 Bihar
Digendra Kumar
Digendra Kumar
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Naik
Name
Digendra Kumar
Unit
2 Rajputana Rifles
Balwan Singh
Balwan Singh
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Lieutenant
Name
Balwan Singh
Unit
18 Grenadiers
Imliakum Ao
Imliakum Ao
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Naik
Name
Imliakum Ao
Unit
2 Naga
Keishing Clifford Nongrum
Keishing Clifford Nongrum
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Captain
Name
Keishing Clifford Nongrum
Unit
12 Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry
Neikezhakuo Kenguruse
Neikezhakuo Kenguruse
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Captain
Name
Neikezhakuo Kenguruse
Unit
2 Rajputana Rifles
Padmapani Acharya
Padmapani Acharya
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Major
Name
Padmapani Acharya
Unit
2 Rajputana Rifles
Sonam Wangchuk
Sonam Wangchuk
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Major
Name
Sonam Wangchuk
Unit
Ladakh Scouts
Vivek Gupta
Vivek Gupta
Award
Mahavir Chakra
Rank
Major
Name
Vivek Gupta
Unit
2 Rajputana Rifles
Award
Rank
Name
Unit
References
Param Vir Chakra
Grenadier
Yogendra Singh Yadav
18 Grenadiers
Param Vir Chakra
Lieutenant
Manoj Kumar Pandey
1/11 Gorkha Rifles
Param Vir Chakra
Captain
Vikram Batra
13 Jammu and Kashmir Rifles
Param Vir Chakra
Rifleman
Sanjay Kumar
13 Jammu and Kashmir Rifles
Mahavir Chakra
Captain
Anuj Nayyar
17 Jat
Mahavir Chakra
Major
Rajesh Singh Adhikari
18 Grenadiers
Mahavir Chakra
Captain
Gurjinder Singh Suri
12 Bihar
Mahavir Chakra
Naik
Digendra Kumar
2 Rajputana Rifles
Mahavir Chakra
Lieutenant
Balwan Singh
18 Grenadiers
Mahavir Chakra
Naik
Imliakum Ao
2 Naga
Mahavir Chakra
Captain
Keishing Clifford Nongrum
12 Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry
Mahavir Chakra
Captain
Neikezhakuo Kenguruse
2 Rajputana Rifles
Mahavir Chakra
Major
Padmapani Acharya
2 Rajputana Rifles
Mahavir Chakra
Major
Sonam Wangchuk
Ladakh Scouts
Mahavir Chakra
Major
Vivek Gupta
2 Rajputana Rifles

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