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Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

Updated: Wikipedia source

Jharkhand Mukti Morcha

Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM; lit. 'Jharkhand Liberation Front') is a political party in the Indian state of Jharkhand, founded by Binod Bihari Mahato, Shibu Soren, and A. K. Roy. Hemant Soren is the president of the JMM. JMM is also an influential political party in the state of Odisha and parts of neighbouring states. Its election symbol in Jharkhand is the Bow and Arrow. The party was officially created on the birthday of Birsa Munda, the 19th-century tribal warrior of Jharkhand, who fought against the British rule in present-day Jharkhand. The State of Jharkhand also came into existence on Birsa Munda's birthday in 2000.

Infobox

Abbreviation
JMM
President
Hemant Soren
Secretary
Supriya Bhattacharya
Rajya Sabha Leader
Sarfaraz Ahmad
Lok Sabha Leader
Vijay Kumar Hansda
Founder
Binod Bihari Mahato, Shibu Soren, A. K. Roy
Founded
2 February 1972; 53 years ago (1972-02-02)
Headquarters
Bariatu Road, Ranchi, Jharkhand – 834008
Student wing
Jharkhand Chhatra Morcha
Youth wing
Jharkhand Yuva Morcha
Women's wing
Jharkhand Mahila Morcha
Ideology
Adivasi nationalismDemocratic socialismLeft-wing populism
Political position
Left-wing
Colours
mw- Green
ECI Status
State Party
Alliance
National AllianceI }Former Alliances UPA (2004–2009), (2013–2023) (till dissolved)) (National) National Democratic Alliance (2009–2013) (India) MGB (2025) (Bihar)
Seats in Rajya Sabha
2 / 245
Seats in Lok Sabha
3 / 543
Seats in Jharkhand Legislative Assembly
34 / 81
Number of states and union territories in government
1 / 31

Tables

· Electoral history › General election results
1984
1984
Election Year
1984
Lok Sabha
8th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
10
Seats won
0
+/- seats
Overall Votes
332,403
Percentage of votes
0.14
State (seats)
Bihar
1984
1984
Election Year
1984
Lok Sabha
8th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
10
Seats won
0
+/- seats
Overall Votes
332,403
Percentage of votes
0.14
1984
1984
Election Year
1984
Lok Sabha
8th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
10
Seats won
0
+/- seats
Overall Votes
332,403
Percentage of votes
0.14
1989
1989
Election Year
1989
Lok Sabha
9th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
12
Seats won
3
+/- seats
3
Overall Votes
1,032,276
Percentage of votes
0.34
1991
1991
Election Year
1991
Lok Sabha
10th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
14
Seats won
6
+/- seats
3
Overall Votes
1,481,900
Percentage of votes
0.54
1996
1996
Election Year
1996
Lok Sabha
11th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
29
Seats won
1
+/- seats
5
Overall Votes
1,287,072
Percentage of votes
0.38
1998
1998
Election Year
1998
Lok Sabha
12th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
16
Seats won
0
+/- seats
1
Overall Votes
1,324,548
Percentage of votes
0.36
1999
1999
Election Year
1999
Lok Sabha
13th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
23
Seats won
0
+/- seats
Overall Votes
974,609
Percentage of votes
0.27
2004
2004
Election Year
2004
Lok Sabha
14th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
9
Seats won
5
+/- seats
5
Overall Votes
1,846,843
Percentage of votes
0.47
State (seats)
Jharkhand
2009
2009
Election Year
2009
Lok Sabha
15th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
42
Seats won
2
+/- seats
3
Overall Votes
1,665,173
Percentage of votes
0.40
2014
2014
Election Year
2014
Lok Sabha
16th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
21
Seats won
2
+/- seats
Overall Votes
1,637,994
Percentage of votes
0.30
2019
2019
Election Year
2019
Lok Sabha
17th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
13
Seats won
1
+/- seats
1
Overall Votes
1,901,976
Percentage of votes
0.31
2024
2024
Election Year
2024
Lok Sabha
18th Lok Sabha
Seats contested
6
Seats won
3
+/- seats
2
Overall Votes
2,652,955
Percentage of votes
0.41
Election Year
Lok Sabha
Seats contested
Seats won
+/- seats
Overall Votes
Percentage of votes
State (seats)
1984
8th Lok Sabha
10
0
332,403
0.14
Bihar
1984
8th Lok Sabha
10
0
332,403
0.14
1984
8th Lok Sabha
10
0
332,403
0.14
1989
9th Lok Sabha
12
3
3
1,032,276
0.34
1991
10th Lok Sabha
14
6
3
1,481,900
0.54
1996
11th Lok Sabha
29
1
5
1,287,072
0.38
1998
12th Lok Sabha
16
0
1
1,324,548
0.36
1999
13th Lok Sabha
23
0
974,609
0.27
2004
14th Lok Sabha
9
5
5
1,846,843
0.47
Jharkhand
2009
15th Lok Sabha
42
2
3
1,665,173
0.40
2014
16th Lok Sabha
21
2
1,637,994
0.30
2019
17th Lok Sabha
13
1
1
1,901,976
0.31
2024
18th Lok Sabha
6
3
2
2,652,955
0.41
· Electoral history › Legislative Assembly election results
1980
1980
Election Year
1980
Seats contested
31
Seats won
11
+/- seats
11
Overall Votes
380,891
Percentage of votes
1.69
1985
1985
Election Year
1985
Seats contested
57
Seats won
9
+/- seats
2
Overall Votes
443,822
Percentage of votes
1.82
1990
1990
Election Year
1990
Seats contested
82
Seats won
19
+/- seats
10
Overall Votes
1,008,174
Percentage of votes
3.14
1995
1995
Election Year
1995
Seats contested
63
Seats won
10
+/- seats
9
Overall Votes
803,132
Percentage of votes
2.32
2000
2000
Election Year
2000
Seats contested
85
Seats won
12
+/- seats
2
Overall Votes
1,306,152
Percentage of votes
3.53
2005
2005
Election Year
2005
Seats contested
49
Seats won
17
+/- seats
5
Overall Votes
1,447,774
Percentage of votes
14.29
2009
2009
Election Year
2009
Seats contested
78
Seats won
18
+/- seats
1
Overall Votes
1,562,060
Percentage of votes
15.20
2014
2014
Election Year
2014
Seats contested
79
Seats won
19
+/- seats
1
Overall Votes
2,832,921
Percentage of votes
20.43
2019
2019
Election Year
2019
Seats contested
43
Seats won
30
+/- seats
11
Overall Votes
2,817,442
Percentage of votes
18.72
2024
2024
Election Year
2024
Seats contested
43
Seats won
34
+/- seats
4
Overall Votes
4,183,281
Percentage of votes
23.44
Election Year
Seats contested
Seats won
+/- seats
Overall Votes
Percentage of votes
1980
31
11
11
380,891
1.69
1985
57
9
2
443,822
1.82
1990
82
19
10
1,008,174
3.14
1995
63
10
9
803,132
2.32
2000
85
12
2
1,306,152
3.53
2005
49
17
5
1,447,774
14.29
2009
78
18
1
1,562,060
15.20
2014
79
19
1
2,832,921
20.43
2019
43
30
11
2,817,442
18.72
2024
43
34
4
4,183,281
23.44
· List of presidents
1.
1.
No.
1.
Presidents
Shibu Soren
Term in Office
2 February 1972
Term in Office
15 April 2025
Term in Office
53 years, 73 days
Working
Working
No.
Working
Presidents
Hemant Soren | 2015 | 2025 | 10 years !2
Term in Office
15 April 2025
Term in Office
Incumbent
Term in Office
240 days
No.
Portrait
Presidents
Term in Office
1.
Shibu Soren
2 February 1972
15 April 2025
53 years, 73 days
Working
Hemant Soren | 2015 | 2025 | 10 years !2
15 April 2025
Incumbent
240 days
· List of chief ministers
Tenure
Tenure
No.
Start
Chief Minister
Tenure
Shibu Soren(born 1944)
Shibu Soren(born 1944)
No.
1
Chief Minister
Shibu Soren(born 1944)
Term in Office
2 March 2005
Term in Office
12 March 2005
Term in Office
308 days
Assembly(election)
2nd Assembly(2005 election)
Constituency
did not contest
3rd Assembly(2009 election)
3rd Assembly(2009 election)
No.
30 December 2009
Chief Minister
3rd Assembly(2009 election)
Champai Soren(born 1956)
Champai Soren(born 1956)
No.
3
Chief Minister
Champai Soren(born 1956)
Term in Office
2 February 2024
Term in Office
3 July 2024
Term in Office
153 days
Assembly(election)
5th Assembly(2019 election)
Constituency
Seraikella
Hemant Soren(born 1975)
Hemant Soren(born 1975)
No.
2
Chief Minister
Hemant Soren(born 1975)
Term in Office
13 July 2013
Term in Office
28 December 2014
Term in Office
6 years
Assembly(election)
3rd Assembly(2009 election)
Constituency
Dumka
5th Assembly(2019 election)
5th Assembly(2019 election)
No.
29 December 2019
Chief Minister
5th Assembly(2019 election)
Term in Office
Barhait
6th Assembly(2024 election)
6th Assembly(2024 election)
No.
28 November 2024
Chief Minister
6th Assembly(2024 election)
No.
Portrait
Chief Minister
Term in Office
Assembly(election)
Constituency
Start
End
Tenure
1
Shibu Soren(born 1944)
2 March 2005
12 March 2005
308 days
2nd Assembly(2005 election)
did not contest
27 August 2008
19 January 2009
30 December 2009
1 June 2010
3rd Assembly(2009 election)
3
Champai Soren(born 1956)
2 February 2024
3 July 2024
153 days
5th Assembly(2019 election)
Seraikella
2
Hemant Soren(born 1975)
13 July 2013
28 December 2014
6 years
3rd Assembly(2009 election)
Dumka
29 December 2019
2 February 2024
5th Assembly(2019 election)
Barhait
4 July 2024
28 November 2024
28 November 2024
Incumbent
6th Assembly(2024 election)
· List of union ministers
Assumed Office
Assumed Office
No.
Assumed Office
Minister
Time in Office
1
1
No.
1
Minister
Shibu Soren(born 1944)
Portfolio
Minister of Coal
Term in Office
23 May 2004
Term in Office
24 July 2004
Term in Office
62 days
Constituency(House)
Dumka(Lok Sabha)
Prime Minister
Manmohan Singh
27 November2004
27 November2004
No.
27 November2004
Minister
95 days
29 January 2006
29 January 2006
No.
29 January 2006
Minister
304 days
Minister of Mines and Minerals
Minister of Mines and Minerals
No.
Minister of Mines and Minerals
Minister
24 July 2004
Portfolio
62 days
No.
Portrait
Minister
Portfolio
Term in Office
Constituency(House)
Prime Minister
Assumed Office
Left Office
Time in Office
1
Shibu Soren(born 1944)
Minister of Coal
23 May 2004
24 July 2004
62 days
Dumka(Lok Sabha)
Manmohan Singh
27 November2004
2 March2005
95 days
29 January 2006
29 November 2006
304 days
Minister of Mines and Minerals
23 May 2004
24 July 2004
62 days
· List of deputy chief ministers
Madhu Koda
Madhu Koda
No.
1
Deputy CM(Constituency)
Sudhir Mahato(Ichagarh)
Term in Office
14 September 2006
Term in Office
23 August 2008
Term in Office
1 year, 344 days
Assembly(election)
2nd Assembly(2005 election)
Chief Minister
Madhu Koda
Arjun Munda
Arjun Munda
No.
2
Deputy CM(Constituency)
Hemant Soren(Dumka)
Term in Office
11 September 2010
Term in Office
18 January 2013
Term in Office
2 years, 129 days
Assembly(election)
3rd Assembly(2009 election)
Chief Minister
Arjun Munda
No.
Portrait
Deputy CM(Constituency)
Term in Office
Assembly(election)
Chief Minister
Start
End
Tenure
1
Sudhir Mahato(Ichagarh)
14 September 2006
23 August 2008
1 year, 344 days
2nd Assembly(2005 election)
Madhu Koda
2
Hemant Soren(Dumka)
11 September 2010
18 January 2013
2 years, 129 days
3rd Assembly(2009 election)
Arjun Munda
· List of leaders of opposition
Start
Start
No.
Start
Leader of Opposition(Constituency)
End
1
1
No.
1
Leader of Opposition(Constituency)
Stephen Marandi(Dumka)
Term in Office
24 November 2000
Term in Office
10 July 2004
Term in Office
3 years, 229 days
Assembly(election)
1st Assembly(2000 election)
2
2
No.
2
Leader of Opposition(Constituency)
Haji Hussain Ansari(Madhupur)
Term in Office
2 August 2004
Term in Office
1 March 2005
Term in Office
211 days
3
3
No.
3
Leader of Opposition(Constituency)
Sudhir Mahato(Silli)
Term in Office
16 March 2005
Term in Office
18 September 2006
Term in Office
1 year, 186 days
Assembly(election)
2nd Assembly(2005 election)
4
4
No.
4
Leader of Opposition(Constituency)
Hemant Soren(Barhait)
Term in Office
7 January 2015
Term in Office
28 December 2019
Term in Office
4 years, 355 days
Assembly(election)
4th Assembly(2014 election)
No.
Leader of Opposition(Constituency)
Portrait
Term in Office
Assembly(election)
Start
End
Tenure
1
Stephen Marandi(Dumka)
24 November 2000
10 July 2004
3 years, 229 days
1st Assembly(2000 election)
2
Haji Hussain Ansari(Madhupur)
2 August 2004
1 March 2005
211 days
3
Sudhir Mahato(Silli)
16 March 2005
18 September 2006
1 year, 186 days
2nd Assembly(2005 election)
4
Hemant Soren(Barhait)
7 January 2015
28 December 2019
4 years, 355 days
4th Assembly(2014 election)
· List of MPs › Members of Parliament, Rajya Sabha
Term Start
Term Start
S.No
Term Start
Members of Parliament
Term End
1.
1.
S.No
1.
Members of Parliament
Shibu Soren
Term
08 July 1998
Term
18 July 2001
10 April 2002
10 April 2002
S.No
10 April 2002
Members of Parliament
02 June 2002
22 June 2020
22 June 2020
S.No
22 June 2020
Members of Parliament
4 August 2025
2.
2.
S.No
2.
Members of Parliament
Stephen Marandi
Term
08 July 2004
Term
16 March 2005
3.
3.
S.No
3.
Members of Parliament
Hemant Soren
Term
24 June 2009
Term
04 January 2010
4.
4.
S.No
4.
Members of Parliament
K. D. Singh
Term
08 July 2010
Term
12 February 2014
5.
5.
S.No
5.
Members of Parliament
Sanjiv Kumar
Term
04 May 2012
Term
03 May 2018
6.
6.
S.No
6.
Members of Parliament
Mahua Maji
Term
08 July 2022
Term
07 July 2028
7.
7.
S.No
7.
Members of Parliament
Sarfaraz Ahmad
Term
04 May 2024
Term
03 May 2030
S.No
Members of Parliament
Term
Term Start
Term End
1.
Shibu Soren
08 July 1998
18 July 2001
10 April 2002
02 June 2002
22 June 2020
4 August 2025
2.
Stephen Marandi
08 July 2004
16 March 2005
3.
Hemant Soren
24 June 2009
04 January 2010
4.
K. D. Singh
08 July 2010
12 February 2014
5.
Sanjiv Kumar
04 May 2012
03 May 2018
6.
Mahua Maji
08 July 2022
07 July 2028
7.
Sarfaraz Ahmad
04 May 2024
03 May 2030
· List of MPs › Members of Parliament, Rajya Sabha
1.
1989
1989–1991
1.
S.No
1.
MPs
Simon Marandi
Constituency
Rajmahal
Term
1989–1991
1991–1996
1991–1996
S.No
1991–1996
2.
1989
1989–1991
2.
S.No
2.
MPs
Shibu Soren
Constituency
Dumka
Term
1989–1991
1991–1996
1991–1996
S.No
1991–1996
1996–1998
1996–1998
S.No
1996–1998
2004–2009
2004–2009
S.No
2004–2009
2009–2014
2009–2014
S.No
2009–2014
2014–2019
2014–2019
S.No
2014–2019
3.
1989
1989–1991
3.
S.No
3.
MPs
Shailendra Mahato
Constituency
Jamshedpur
Term
1989–1991
4.
1991
1991–1996
4.
S.No
4.
MPs
Suraj Mandal
Constituency
Godda
Term
1991–1996
5.
1991
1991–1996
5.
S.No
5.
MPs
Binod Bihari Mahato
Constituency
Giridih
Term
1991–1996
6.
1991
1991–1996
6.
S.No
6.
MPs
Krishna Marandi
Constituency
Singhbhum
Term
1991–1996
7.
2004
2004–2009
7.
S.No
7.
MPs
Hemlal Murmu
Constituency
Rajmahal
Term
2004–2009
8.
2004
2004–2009
8.
S.No
8.
MPs
Tek Lal Mahto
Constituency
Giridih
Term
2004–2009
9.
2004
2004–2007
9.
S.No
9.
MPs
Sunil Kumar Mahato
Constituency
Jamshedpur
Term
2004–2007
10.
2007
2007–2009
10.
S.No
10.
MPs
Suman Mahato
Constituency
Jamshedpur
Term
2007–2009
11.
2009
2009–2014
11.
S.No
11.
MPs
Kameshwar Baitha
Constituency
Palamu
Term
2009–2014
12.
2014
2014–2019
12.
S.No
12.
MPs
Vijay Kumar Hansdak
Constituency
Rajmahal
Term
2014–2019
2019–2024
2019–2024
S.No
2019–2024
2024–Incumbent
2024–Incumbent
S.No
2024–Incumbent
13.
13.
S.No
13.
MPs
Nalin Soren
Constituency
Dumka
Term
2024–Incumbent
14.
14.
S.No
14.
MPs
Joba Majhi
Constituency
Singhbhum
Term
2024–Incumbent
S.No
MPs
Constituency
Term
1.
Simon Marandi
Rajmahal
1989–1991
1991–1996
2.
Shibu Soren
Dumka
1989–1991
1991–1996
1996–1998
2004–2009
2009–2014
2014–2019
3.
Shailendra Mahato
Jamshedpur
1989–1991
4.
Suraj Mandal
Godda
1991–1996
5.
Binod Bihari Mahato
Giridih
1991–1996
6.
Krishna Marandi
Singhbhum
1991–1996
7.
Hemlal Murmu
Rajmahal
2004–2009
8.
Tek Lal Mahto
Giridih
2004–2009
9.
Sunil Kumar Mahato
Jamshedpur
2004–2007
10.
Suman Mahato
Jamshedpur
2007–2009
11.
Kameshwar Baitha
Palamu
2009–2014
12.
Vijay Kumar Hansdak
Rajmahal
2014–2019
2019–2024
2024–Incumbent
13.
Nalin Soren
Dumka
2024–Incumbent
14.
Joba Majhi
Singhbhum
2024–Incumbent

References

  1. Hindustan Times
    https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/soren-writes-to-assam-chief-minister-sarma-seeks-st-status-for-tea-tribes-101727328453759.html
  2. Scroll.in
    https://scroll.in/article/1068320/how-kalpana-soren-filled-a-political-void-in-jharkhand-with-ease
  4. Economic and Political Weekly
    https://www.jstor.org/stable/4400070
  6. "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013"
    http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf
  7. The Times of India
    https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/congress-jmm-seal-pre-poll-pact-in-jharkhand/articleshow/63190239.cms
  8. www.telegraphindia.com
    https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/saffron-munda-loves-everything-green-bjp-cries-neglect-as-chief-minister-warms-up-to-old-jmm-associates/cid/823787
  9. indianexpress.com
    https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/shiv-sena-finds-jharkhand-mukti-morcha-has-first-right-to-symbol/lite/
  10. P. 522 Lok Sabha debates by India. Parliament. House of the People, India. Parliament. Lok Sabha
  11. P. 200 Basic Facts of General Knowledge By Sura College of Competition, V.V.K.Subburaj
  12. Small States Syndrome in India
    https://books.google.com/books?id=nKqF_AgDd4gC&dq=Small+States+Syndrome+in+India+Jharkhand&pg=PA118
  13. The Times of India
    https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/separate-state-yet-to-fulfil-aspirations-of-tribals/articleshow/21608493.cms
  14. P. 522 Lok Sabha debates by India. Parliament. House of the People, India. Parliament. Lok Sabha
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