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Jean-Marie Le Pen

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Jean-Marie Le Pen

Jean Louis Marie Le Pen (20 June 1928 – 7 January 2025), commonly known as Jean-Marie Le Pen (French: [ʒɑ̃maʁi lə pɛn]), was a French politician, lawyer and activist. He founded the far-right National Front (now National Rally) party and served as the party's president from 1972 to 2011 and as its honorary president from 2011 to 2015. Born in Brittany, Le Pen focused on issues related to immigration to France, the European Union, traditional culture and values, law and order, and France's high rate of unemployment. His progression in the 1980s is known as the "lepénisation of minds" due to its noticeable effect on mainstream political opinion. His controversial speeches and his integration into public life made him a figure who polarized opinion. He was convicted of statements downplaying the Holocaust, and fined for incitement to discrimination regarding remarks made about Muslims in France. He was expelled from the party by his daughter Marine in 2015 after making controversial statements. Le Pen's longevity in politics and his five attempts to become president of France made him a major figure in French political life. His unexpected progress to the second round in the 2002 presidential election—when he was beaten in a landslide by incumbent Jacques Chirac—left its mark on French public life, and the "21st of April" is now a frequently used expression in France. He served three terms in the National Assembly and was a member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 1984 to 2019.

Infobox

Leader
Roberto Fiore
Preceded by
Constituency established
President
Marine Le Pen
Succeeded by
René Capitant
Constituency
20th arrondissement
Born
Jean Louis Marie Le Pen(1928-06-20)20 June 1928La Trinité-sur-Mer, Morbihan, France
Died
7 January 2025(2025-01-07) (aged 96)Garches, Hauts-de-Seine, France
Political party
mw- FN (1972–2015) CJ (from 2016)
Other politicalaffiliations
UDCA (1956–1957) FNC [fr] (1957–1961) CTV (1964–1966) APF (from 2018)
Spouses
mw- Pierrette Lalanne (m. 1960; div. 1987) Jeanne-Marie Paschos (m. 1991)
Children
3, including Marie-Caroline and Marine
Relatives
Marion Maréchal (granddaughter)
Alma mater
Panthéon-Assas University
Profession
mw- .inline, .inline dl, .inline ol, .inline ul, dl dl, dl ol, dl ul, ol dl, ol ol dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd ol li Lawyerpoliticianactivist
Website
jeanmarielepen.com
Allegiance
French Fourth Republic
Branch
French Army
Years
1953–19551956–1957
Rank
First lieutenant
Unit
Foreign Legion 1st Foreign Parachute Regiment
Conflicts
First Indochina War Suez Crisis Algerian War
Awards
Cross for Military Valour
Party
mw- FN (1972–2015) CJ (from 2016)

Tables

President of the French Republic · Electoral history › Presidential
Votes
Votes
Election
Votes
First round
%
First round
Position
First round
Result
First round
Votes
Second round
%
Second round
Position
Second round
Result
1974
1974
Election
1974
First round
190,921
First round
0.7
First round
7th
First round
Lost
1988
1988
Election
1988
First round
4,375,894
First round
14.4
First round
4th
First round
Lost
1995
1995
Election
1995
First round
4,570,838
First round
15.0
First round
4th
First round
Lost
2002
2002
Election
2002
First round
4,804,713
First round
16.9
First round
2nd
First round
Run-off
Second round
5,525,032
Second round
17.8
Second round
2nd
Second round
Lost
2007
2007
Election
2007
First round
3,834,530
First round
10.4
First round
4th
First round
Lost
Election
First round
Second round
Votes
%
Position
Result
Votes
%
Position
Result
1974
190,921
0.7
7th
Lost
1988
4,375,894
14.4
4th
Lost
1995
4,570,838
15.0
4th
Lost
2002
4,804,713
16.9
2nd
Run-off
5,525,032
17.8
2nd
Lost
2007
3,834,530
10.4
4th
Lost

References

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  2. Le Pen, Jean-Marie. p16
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  129. The Guardian
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  130. The Local
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  131. The Times
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  136. "Décision n° 2002-109 PDR du 24 avril 2002"
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  137. "Décision n° 2002-111 PDR du 8 mai 2002"
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  138. "Décision n° 2007-139 PDR du 25 avril 2007"
    https://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/decision/2007/2007139PDR.htm
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