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Jana Gana Mana

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Jana Gana Mana

"Jana Gana Mana" is the national anthem of the Republic of India. It was originally composed as "Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata" in Bengali written by polymath, activist and country's first Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore on 11 December 1911. The first stanza of the song "Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata", originally composed as a Hindu religious hymn for the Brahmo Samaj, was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India as the National Anthem on 24 January 1950. A formal rendition of the national anthem takes approximately 52 seconds. A shortened version consisting of the first and last lines (and taking about 20 seconds to play) is also staged occasionally. It was first publicly sung on 27 December 1911 at the Calcutta (present-day Kolkata) Session of the Indian National Congress.

Infobox

Lyrics
Rabindranath Tagore, 11 December 1911
Music
Rabindranath Tagore, 11 December 1911
Adopted
24 January 1950 (1950-01-24)

Tables

· Lyrics › Original Bengali composition
জনগণমন-অধিনায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা! পঞ্জাব সিন্ধু গুজরাট মরাঠা দ্রাবিড় উৎকল বঙ্গ বিন্ধ্য হিমাচল যমুনা গঙ্গা উচ্ছলজলধিতরঙ্গ তব শুভ নামে জাগে, তব শুভ আশিষ মাগে, গাহে তব জয়গাথা। জনগণমঙ্গলদায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা! জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয় জয় হে॥
জনগণমন-অধিনায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা! পঞ্জাব সিন্ধু গুজরাট মরাঠা দ্রাবিড় উৎকল বঙ্গ বিন্ধ্য হিমাচল যমুনা গঙ্গা উচ্ছলজলধিতরঙ্গ তব শুভ নামে জাগে, তব শুভ আশিষ মাগে, গাহে তব জয়গাথা। জনগণমঙ্গলদায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা! জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয় জয় হে॥
Bengali script
জনগণমন-অধিনায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা! পঞ্জাব সিন্ধু গুজরাট মরাঠা দ্রাবিড় উৎকল বঙ্গ বিন্ধ্য হিমাচল যমুনা গঙ্গা উচ্ছলজলধিতরঙ্গ তব শুভ নামে জাগে, তব শুভ আশিষ মাগে, গাহে তব জয়গাথা। জনগণমঙ্গলদায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা! জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয় জয় হে॥
ISO 15919 transliteration
Jana-gaṇa-mana-adhināẏaka jaẏa hē Bhārata-bhāgya-bidhātā! Pañjāba Sindhu Gujarāṭa Marāṭhā Drābiṛa Uṯkala Baṅga Bindhya Himācala Yamunā Gaṅgā Ucchala-jaladhi-taraṅga Taba śubha nāmē jāgē, Taba śubha āśiṣa māgē, Gāhē taba jaẏa-gāthā. Jana-gaṇa-maṅgala-dāẏaka jaẏa hē Bhārata-bhāgya-bidhātā! Jaẏa hē, jaẏa hē, jaẏa hē, jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa hē.
IPA transcription
[ˈdʒɔ ˑ ˈɡɔ ˑ ˈmɔ ˑ ˈo ̪ʱiˌnae̯.ɔ ˑ ˈdʒɔe̯ ˑ ɦeˑ |] [ˈbʱa.ɾo ̪oˑ ˈbʱa.ɡːoˑ ˈbi ̪ʱa ̪aˑ ǁ] [ˈpɔn ʒa ˑ ˈʃin̪ ̪ʱuˑ ˈɡu ʒoˌɾa.ʈoˑ ˈmo.ɾa.ʈʰaˑ |] [ˈd̪ɾa .ɽoˑ ˈut̪ ɔ ˑ ˈbɔŋ.ɡoˑ ‖] [ˈbin̪ ̪ʱoˑ ˈɦi ˌtʃɔ ˑ ˈdʒo ˑ ˈɡɔŋ.ɡaˑ |] [ˈut̚ ʃʰɔ ˑ ˈdʒɔ ̪ʱiˑ ˈt̪o.ɾɔŋ.ɡoˑ ‖] [ˈt̪ɔ ˑ ˈʃu ʱoˑ ˈna ˑ ˈdʒa.ɡeˑ] [ˈt̪ɔ ˑ ˈʃu.
Bengali script
ISO 15919 transliteration
IPA transcription
জনগণমন-অধিনায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা! পঞ্জাব সিন্ধু গুজরাট মরাঠা দ্রাবিড় উৎকল বঙ্গ বিন্ধ্য হিমাচল যমুনা গঙ্গা উচ্ছলজলধিতরঙ্গ তব শুভ নামে জাগে, তব শুভ আশিষ মাগে, গাহে তব জয়গাথা। জনগণমঙ্গলদায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা! জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয় জয় হে॥
Jana-gaṇa-mana-adhināẏaka jaẏa hē Bhārata-bhāgya-bidhātā! Pañjāba Sindhu Gujarāṭa Marāṭhā Drābiṛa Uṯkala Baṅga Bindhya Himācala Yamunā Gaṅgā Ucchala-jaladhi-taraṅga Taba śubha nāmē jāgē, Taba śubha āśiṣa māgē, Gāhē taba jaẏa-gāthā. Jana-gaṇa-maṅgala-dāẏaka jaẏa hē Bhārata-bhāgya-bidhātā! Jaẏa hē, jaẏa hē, jaẏa hē, jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa hē.
[ˈdʒɔ ˑ ˈɡɔ ˑ ˈmɔ ˑ ˈo ̪ʱiˌnae̯.ɔ ˑ ˈdʒɔe̯ ˑ ɦeˑ |] [ˈbʱa.ɾo ̪oˑ ˈbʱa.ɡːoˑ ˈbi ̪ʱa ̪aˑ ǁ] [ˈpɔn ʒa ˑ ˈʃin̪ ̪ʱuˑ ˈɡu ʒoˌɾa.ʈoˑ ˈmo.ɾa.ʈʰaˑ |] [ˈd̪ɾa .ɽoˑ ˈut̪ ɔ ˑ ˈbɔŋ.ɡoˑ ‖] [ˈbin̪ ̪ʱoˑ ˈɦi ˌtʃɔ ˑ ˈdʒo ˑ ˈɡɔŋ.ɡaˑ |] [ˈut̚ ʃʰɔ ˑ ˈdʒɔ ̪ʱiˑ ˈt̪o.ɾɔŋ.ɡoˑ ‖] [ˈt̪ɔ ˑ ˈʃu ʱoˑ ˈna ˑ ˈdʒa.ɡeˑ] [ˈt̪ɔ ˑ ˈʃu.
· Lyrics › Official lyrics
जन-गण-मन-अधिनायक जय हे भारतभाग्यविधाता। पंजाब-सिन्धु-गुजरात-मराठा द्राविड़-उत्कल-बंग विन्ध्य हिमाचल यमुना गंगा उच्छल जलधि तरंग तव शुभ नामे जागे, तव शुभ आशिष मागे गाहे तव जयगाथा। जन-गण-मंगलदायक जय हे भारतभाग्यविधाता। जय हे, जय हे, जय हे, जय जय जय जय हे।
जन-गण-मन-अधिनायक जय हे भारतभाग्यविधाता। पंजाब-सिन्धु-गुजरात-मराठा द्राविड़-उत्कल-बंग विन्ध्य हिमाचल यमुना गंगा उच्छल जलधि तरंग तव शुभ नामे जागे, तव शुभ आशिष मागे गाहे तव जयगाथा। जन-गण-मंगलदायक जय हे भारतभाग्यविधाता। जय हे, जय हे, जय हे, जय जय जय जय हे।
Official Government of India text in Devanagari
जन-गण-मन-अधिनायक जय हे भारतभाग्यविधाता। पंजाब-सिन्धु-गुजरात-मराठा द्राविड़-उत्कल-बंग विन्ध्य हिमाचल यमुना गंगा उच्छल जलधि तरंग तव शुभ नामे जागे, तव शुभ आशिष मागे गाहे तव जयगाथा। जन-गण-मंगलदायक जय हे भारतभाग्यविधाता। जय हे, जय हे, जय हे, जय जय जय जय हे।
Official romanisation (bold indicates long vowels)
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Panjaba-Sindh-Gujarata-Maratha Dravida-Utkala-Banga Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga Uchchhala-jaladhi-taranga Tava subha name jage, tava subha asisa mage gahe tava jaya-gatha. Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, jaya jaya jaya jaya he.
Devanagari transliteration (ISO 15919)
Jana-gaṇa-mana adhināyaka jaya hē Bhārata-bhāgya-vidhātā. Paṁjāba-Sindhu-Gujarāta-Marāṭhā, Drāviṛa-Utkala Baṁga Vindhya Himācala Yamunā Gaṁgā, Ucchala jaladhi taraṁga Tava śubha nāmē jāgē, tava śubha āśiṣa māgē gāhē tava jaya gāthā. Jana gaṇa maṁgala-dāyaka jaya hē, Bhārata bhāgya vidhātā. Jaya hē, jaya hē, jaya hē, jaya jaya jaya jaya hē.
IPA transcription
[ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɡɐ.ɳɐ ˈmɐ ɐ ɐ ̪ʱi.ˈnɑː ɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː] [ˈbʱɑː.ɾɐ ̪ɐ ˈbʱɑːɡ ɐ ʋɪ.ˈd̪ʱɑː ̪ɑː ǁ] [pɐn.ˈdʒɑː ɐ ˈsɪn̪ ̪ʱʊ ɡʊ ʒɐ.ˈɾɑː ̪ɐ mɐ.ˈɾɑː.ʈʰɑː |] [ˈd̪ɾɑː.ʋɪ.ɽɐ ˈʊt̪ ɐ ɐ ˈbɐŋ.ɡɐ] [ˈʋɪn̪d̪ʱ ɐ ɦɪ.ˈmɑː ʃɐ ɐ jɐ ʊ.ˈnɑː ˈɡɐŋ.ɡɑː |] [ˈʊt ʃʰɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ̪ʱi t̪ɐ.ˈɾɐŋ.ɡɐ] [ˈt̪ɐ.ʋɐ ˈʃʊ ʱɐ ˈnɑː ː ˈdʒɑː.ɡeː] [ˈt̪ɐ.ʋɐ ˈʃʊ ʱɐ ˈɑː.ʃɪ.ʂɐ ˈmɑː.ɡeː
Official Government of India text in Devanagari
Official romanisation (bold indicates long vowels)
Devanagari transliteration (ISO 15919)
IPA transcription
जन-गण-मन-अधिनायक जय हे भारतभाग्यविधाता। पंजाब-सिन्धु-गुजरात-मराठा द्राविड़-उत्कल-बंग विन्ध्य हिमाचल यमुना गंगा उच्छल जलधि तरंग तव शुभ नामे जागे, तव शुभ आशिष मागे गाहे तव जयगाथा। जन-गण-मंगलदायक जय हे भारतभाग्यविधाता। जय हे, जय हे, जय हे, जय जय जय जय हे।
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Panjaba-Sindh-Gujarata-Maratha Dravida-Utkala-Banga Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga Uchchhala-jaladhi-taranga Tava subha name jage, tava subha asisa mage gahe tava jaya-gatha. Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, jaya jaya jaya jaya he.
Jana-gaṇa-mana adhināyaka jaya hē Bhārata-bhāgya-vidhātā. Paṁjāba-Sindhu-Gujarāta-Marāṭhā, Drāviṛa-Utkala Baṁga Vindhya Himācala Yamunā Gaṁgā, Ucchala jaladhi taraṁga Tava śubha nāmē jāgē, tava śubha āśiṣa māgē gāhē tava jaya gāthā. Jana gaṇa maṁgala-dāyaka jaya hē, Bhārata bhāgya vidhātā. Jaya hē, jaya hē, jaya hē, jaya jaya jaya jaya hē.
[ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɡɐ.ɳɐ ˈmɐ ɐ ɐ ̪ʱi.ˈnɑː ɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː] [ˈbʱɑː.ɾɐ ̪ɐ ˈbʱɑːɡ ɐ ʋɪ.ˈd̪ʱɑː ̪ɑː ǁ] [pɐn.ˈdʒɑː ɐ ˈsɪn̪ ̪ʱʊ ɡʊ ʒɐ.ˈɾɑː ̪ɐ mɐ.ˈɾɑː.ʈʰɑː |] [ˈd̪ɾɑː.ʋɪ.ɽɐ ˈʊt̪ ɐ ɐ ˈbɐŋ.ɡɐ] [ˈʋɪn̪d̪ʱ ɐ ɦɪ.ˈmɑː ʃɐ ɐ jɐ ʊ.ˈnɑː ˈɡɐŋ.ɡɑː |] [ˈʊt ʃʰɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ̪ʱi t̪ɐ.ˈɾɐŋ.ɡɐ] [ˈt̪ɐ.ʋɐ ˈʃʊ ʱɐ ˈnɑː ː ˈdʒɑː.ɡeː] [ˈt̪ɐ.ʋɐ ˈʃʊ ʱɐ ˈɑː.ʃɪ.ʂɐ ˈmɑː.ɡeː
· Lyrics › English lyrics
Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people, dispenser of India's destiny. Thy name rouses the hearts of the Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat and Maratha; of the Dravida, Orissa and Bengal. It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas, mingles in the music of the Yamuna and Ganges and is chanted by the waves of the Indian Ocean. They pray for
Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people, dispenser of India's destiny. Thy name rouses the hearts of the Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat and Maratha; of the Dravida, Orissa and Bengal. It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas, mingles in the music of the Yamuna and Ganges and is chanted by the waves of the Indian Ocean. They pray for
Official English version
Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people, dispenser of India's destiny. Thy name rouses the hearts of the Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat and Maratha; of the Dravida, Orissa and Bengal. It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas, mingles in the music of the Yamuna and Ganges and is chanted by the waves of the Indian Ocean. They pray for
Literal English translation
Victory to the Lord of the minds of all the people, The dispenser of India's destiny! Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat, Maratha, Dravida, Utkala, Bengal; The Vindhyas, Himalayas, Yamunas, the Ganges, The wavering waves of the ocean all arise in your auspicious name, Seek your auspicious blessings, sing your victory lore. Victory to the graciousness of
Official English version
Literal English translation
Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people, dispenser of India's destiny. Thy name rouses the hearts of the Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat and Maratha; of the Dravida, Orissa and Bengal. It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas, mingles in the music of the Yamuna and Ganges and is chanted by the waves of the Indian Ocean. They pray for
Victory to the Lord of the minds of all the people, The dispenser of India's destiny! Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat, Maratha, Dravida, Utkala, Bengal; The Vindhyas, Himalayas, Yamunas, the Ganges, The wavering waves of the ocean all arise in your auspicious name, Seek your auspicious blessings, sing your victory lore. Victory to the graciousness of
· Lyrics › Abridged version
जन-गण-मन अधिनायक जय हे भारत भाग्य विधाता । जय हे, जय हे, जय हे, जय जय जय जय हे ।
जन-गण-मन अधिनायक जय हे भारत भाग्य विधाता । जय हे, जय हे, जय हे, जय जय जय जय हे ।
Devanagari script
जन-गण-मन अधिनायक जय हे भारत भाग्य विधाता । जय हे, जय हे, जय हे, जय जय जय जय हे ।
Official romanisation (bold indicates long vowels)
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka jaya he Bharat-bhagya vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, jaya jaya jaya jaya he.
Latin transliteration (ISO 15919)
Jana-gaṇa-mana adhināyaka jaya hē Bhārata-bhāgya-vidhātā. Jaya hē, jaya hē, jaya hē, jaya jaya jaya jaya hē.
IPA transcription
[ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɡɐ.ɳɐ ˈmɐ ɐ ɐ ̪ʱi.ˈnɑː ɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː] [ˈbʱɑː.ɾɐ ̪ɐ ˈbʱɑːɡ ɐ ʋɪ.ˈd̪ʱɑː ̪ɑː ǁ] [ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː | ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː | ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː |] [ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː ‖]
Devanagari script
Official romanisation (bold indicates long vowels)
Latin transliteration (ISO 15919)
IPA transcription
जन-गण-मन अधिनायक जय हे भारत भाग्य विधाता । जय हे, जय हे, जय हे, जय जय जय जय हे ।
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka jaya he Bharat-bhagya vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, jaya jaya jaya jaya he.
Jana-gaṇa-mana adhināyaka jaya hē Bhārata-bhāgya-vidhātā. Jaya hē, jaya hē, jaya hē, jaya jaya jaya jaya hē.
[ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɡɐ.ɳɐ ˈmɐ ɐ ɐ ̪ʱi.ˈnɑː ɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː] [ˈbʱɑː.ɾɐ ̪ɐ ˈbʱɑːɡ ɐ ʋɪ.ˈd̪ʱɑː ̪ɑː ǁ] [ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː | ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː | ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː |] [ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈdʒɐ ɐ ˈɦeː ‖]

References

  1. The song's title "Jana Gaṇa Mana" is pronounced [ˈd͡ʒɔno ˈɡɔno ˈmɔno] in Bengali, [d͡ʒən(ə) ɡəɳ(ə) mən(ə)] in Hindi, and
    https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8
  2. See Help:IPA/Bengali and Bengali phonology.
  3. This is a sanskritised transcription, which means that the normally-elided inherent vowel অ /ɔ/ (अ /ɐ/ in Devanagari) is
  4. "taba" is also used
  5. "Sindh" is also used.
  6. [t̪ɐ ɐ] is also used
  7. See Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu, Hindi phonology, Help:IPA/Sanskrit, and Sanskrit phonology.
  8. From the Sanskrit term Sindhu. Historical romanisation of Sindh, referring to the Sind province of British India.
  9. Indus (Sindhu), flows through Ladakh in Northern India.
  10. www
    https://web.archive.org/web/20170818220812/http://www.news18.com/news/india/national-anthem-of-india-a-brief-on-jana-gana-mana-498576.html
  11. "National anthem of India: a brief on 'Jana Gana Mana'"
    https://www.news18.com/news/india/national-anthem-of-india-a-brief-on-jana-gana-mana-498576.html
  12. The English Writings of Rabindranath Tagore: Poems
    https://books.google.com/books?id=bsTNd7_Jt4EC&pg=PA32
  13. The Pearson CSAT Manual 2011
    https://books.google.com/books?id=WuBFs6yFRwcC&pg=PT56
  14. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-33438577
  15. Encyclopedia Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com/topic/Jana-Gana-Mana
  16. loksabha
    https://loksabha.nic.in/writereaddata/cadebatefiles/C24011950.html
  17. eparlib
    https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/763227/1/cad_24-01-1950.pdf
  18. mha
    https://web.archive.org/web/20230314222824/https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/NationalAnthem(E)_2.pdf
  19. knowindia
    https://web.archive.org/web/20130115004029/http://knowindia.gov.in/knowindia/national_symbols.php?id=6
  20. The Hindu
    http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/100-years-since-jana-gana-mana-was-born/article2752111.ece
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