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Jahangir

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Jahangir

Nur al-Din Muhammad Salim (Persian: نورالدین محمد سلیم [ˈnuːrʊˌdɪn/ [mʊ.ɦɑmˈmad̪̚] /sə.liːm]) (31 August 1569 – 28 October 1627), known by his royal name Jahangir (Persian: جهانگیر, Persian pronunciation: [d͡ʒa.hɑːn.ˈɡiːɾ]), was the fourth emperor of the Mughal Empire, reigning from 1605 until his death in 1627. The third and only surviving son of Emperor Akbar I (r. 1556–1605) and his consort Maryam uz-Zamani. Jahangir received a comprehensive education, which included the languages Chagatai, Persian and Hindustani, as well as diverse subjects such as military tactics and social sciences. In 1594, at the age of 26, Jahangir successfully led an army to crush a revolt by the Bundela in Orchha, and after the surrender of their leader Vir Singh Deo, transformed Orchha into a vassal state. As such, the Jahangir Mahal was later constructed in Orchha by Deo in honor of Jahangir. Following Akbar's death, Jahangir succeeded him on 3 November 1605. Jahangir's reign was marked by a combination of artistic achievement and political intrigue, set against the backdrop of the Mughal Empire's considerable expansion and consolidation. Jahangir's rule is distinguished by his commitment to justice and his interest in the arts, particularly painting and architecture, which flourished during his reign. Jahangir's reign was characterized by a complex relationship with his nobility and family, notably reflected in his marriage to Mehar-un-Nisa (later known as Empress Nur Jahan), who wielded significant political influence behind the throne. This period saw the empire's further entrenchment into the Indian subcontinent, including efforts to subdue the Rajput Kingdoms and extend Mughal authority into the Deccan. Jahangir's foreign policy included relations with the Safavids of Persia and the Ottoman Empire, as well as with the English East India Company, marking the beginning of European influence in Indian politics and commerce. Despite his achievements, Jahangir's reign had challenges, including revolts led by his sons, which threatened the stability of his rule. His poor health, caused by a lifetime of opium and alcohol use, led to his death in 1627, precipitating a brief succession crisis before the throne passed to his son, Shah Jahan. Jahangir's legacy lives on through his contributions to Mughal art and architecture, his memoirs, and the policies he implemented, which continued to influence the empire after his demise.

Infobox

Reign
3 November 1605 – 28 October 1627
Coronation
24 November 1605Agra Fort
Predecessor
Akbar I
Successor
Shah JahanShahryar Mirza (de facto)Dawar Bakhsh (titular)
Grand Viziers
See list Sharif Khan (1605–1611) Mirza Ghiyas Beg (1611–1622) Abu'l-Hasan Asaf Khan (1622–1627)
Born
Nur al-Din Muhammad Salim(1569-08-31)31 August 1569Fatehpur Sikri, Agra Sarkar, Agra Subah, Mughal Empire
Died
28 October 1627(1627-10-28) (aged 58)Bhimber, Subah of Lahore, Mughal Empire
Burial
Tomb of Jahangir,[a] Lahore, Pakistan
Spouse
mw- Shah Begum (m. 1585; d. 1605) Jagat Gosain (m. 1586; d. 1619) Sahib Jamal (m. 1586; d. 1599) Malika Jahan (m. 1587) Karamsi Bai (m. 1589) Nur-un-Nissa Begum (m. 1592) Khas Mahal (m. 1596) Saliha Banu Begum (m. 1608; d. 1620) Nur Jahan (m. 1611)
Issuemore...
Sultan-un-Nissa BegumKhusrau MirzaParviz MirzaBahar Banu BegumShah JahanLuzzat-un-Nissa BegumShahryar Mirza
Names
NamesNur al-Din Muhammad SalimEra dates16th and 17th centuriesRegnal nameAl-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram, Khushru-i-Giti Panah Abu'l-Fath Nur ud-din Muhammad Jahangir PadshahPosthumous nameJannat Makani (lit. 'Dwelling in Heaven')
House
House of Babur
Dynasty
Timurid
Father
Akbar
Mother
Mariam-uz-Zamani
Religion
Sunni Islam (Hanafi)

Tables

· Family › Issue
By Shah Begum (c. 1570 – 5 May 1605)
By Shah Begum (c. 1570 – 5 May 1605)
Name
By Shah Begum (c. 1570 – 5 May 1605)
Sultan-un-Nissa Begum
Sultan-un-Nissa Begum
Name
Sultan-un-Nissa Begum
Birth
25 April 1586
Death
5 September 1646
Notes
First child of Jahangir. Remained unmarried.
Khusrau Mirza
Khusrau Mirza
Name
Khusrau Mirza
Birth
16 August 1587
Death
26 January 1622
Notes
rebelled against Jahangir and was blinded and later killed on the orders of Shah Jahan.
By Jagat Gosain (13 May 1573 – 8 April 1619)
By Jagat Gosain (13 May 1573 – 8 April 1619)
Name
By Jagat Gosain (13 May 1573 – 8 April 1619)
Begum Sultan Begum
Begum Sultan Begum
Name
Begum Sultan Begum
Birth
9 October 1590
Death
September 1591
Notes
born on the same day as her half-sister, Bahar Banu.
Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan
Name
Shah Jahan
Birth
5 January 1592
Death
22 January 1666
Notes
succeeded Jahangir as the fifth Mughal Emperor.
Luzzat-un-Nissa Begum
Luzzat-un-Nissa Begum
Name
Luzzat-un-Nissa Begum
Birth
23 September 1597
Death
1603
Notes
Youngest daughter of Jahangir.
By the daughter of Said Khan Gakhar
By the daughter of Said Khan Gakhar
Name
By the daughter of Said Khan Gakhar
Iffat Banu Begum
Iffat Banu Begum
Name
Iffat Banu Begum
Birth
6 April 1589
Death
Infancy
By Sahib Jamal (unknown – 25 June 1599)
By Sahib Jamal (unknown – 25 June 1599)
Name
By Sahib Jamal (unknown – 25 June 1599)
Parviz Mirza
Parviz Mirza
Name
Parviz Mirza
Birth
31 October 1589
Death
28 October 1626
Notes
married and had issues including, Nadira Banu Begum.
A daughter
A daughter
Name
A daughter
Birth
21 January 1591
Death
infancy
A daughter
A daughter
Name
A daughter
Birth
14 October 1594
Death
infancy
By the daughter of Raja Darya Malbhas
By the daughter of Raja Darya Malbhas
Name
By the daughter of Raja Darya Malbhas
Daulat-un-Nissa Begum
Daulat-un-Nissa Begum
Name
Daulat-un-Nissa Begum
Birth
24 December 1589
Death
infancy
By Karamsi
By Karamsi
Name
By Karamsi
Bahar Banu Begum
Bahar Banu Begum
Name
Bahar Banu Begum
Birth
9 October 1590
Death
8 September 1653
Notes
Favourite daughter. Born on the same day as her half-sister, Begum Sultan.
By the daughter of Abdal Chak and sister of Abiya Chak
By the daughter of Abdal Chak and sister of Abiya Chak
Name
By the daughter of Abdal Chak and sister of Abiya Chak
A daughter
A daughter
Name
A daughter
Birth
12 April 1592
Death
infancy
By Nur-un-Nissa Begum (c. 1570 – unknown)
By Nur-un-Nissa Begum (c. 1570 – unknown)
Name
By Nur-un-Nissa Begum (c. 1570 – unknown)
A daughter
A daughter
Name
A daughter
Birth
28 August 1595
Death
infancy
By the daughter of Abdullah Khan Baluch
By the daughter of Abdullah Khan Baluch
Name
By the daughter of Abdullah Khan Baluch
A daughter
A daughter
Name
A daughter
Birth
January 1595
Death
infancy
By concubines (various)
By concubines (various)
Name
By concubines (various)
Jahandar Mirza
Jahandar Mirza
Name
Jahandar Mirza
Birth
circa 1605
Death
unknown
Shahryar Mirza
Shahryar Mirza
Name
Shahryar Mirza
Birth
circa 1605
Death
23 January 1628
Notes
Youngest child of Jahangir.
Name
Birth
Death
Notes
By Shah Begum (c. 1570 – 5 May 1605)
Sultan-un-Nissa Begum
25 April 1586
5 September 1646
First child of Jahangir. Remained unmarried.
Khusrau Mirza
16 August 1587
26 January 1622
rebelled against Jahangir and was blinded and later killed on the orders of Shah Jahan.
By Jagat Gosain (13 May 1573 – 8 April 1619)
Begum Sultan Begum
9 October 1590
September 1591
born on the same day as her half-sister, Bahar Banu.
Shah Jahan
5 January 1592
22 January 1666
succeeded Jahangir as the fifth Mughal Emperor.
Luzzat-un-Nissa Begum
23 September 1597
1603
Youngest daughter of Jahangir.
By the daughter of Said Khan Gakhar
Iffat Banu Begum
6 April 1589
Infancy
By Sahib Jamal (unknown – 25 June 1599)
Parviz Mirza
31 October 1589
28 October 1626
married and had issues including, Nadira Banu Begum.
A daughter
21 January 1591
infancy
A daughter
14 October 1594
infancy
By the daughter of Raja Darya Malbhas
Daulat-un-Nissa Begum
24 December 1589
infancy
By Karamsi
Bahar Banu Begum
9 October 1590
8 September 1653
Favourite daughter. Born on the same day as her half-sister, Begum Sultan.
By the daughter of Abdal Chak and sister of Abiya Chak
A daughter
12 April 1592
infancy
By Nur-un-Nissa Begum (c. 1570 – unknown)
A daughter
28 August 1595
infancy
By the daughter of Abdullah Khan Baluch
A daughter
January 1595
infancy
By concubines (various)
Jahandar Mirza
circa 1605
unknown
Shahryar Mirza
circa 1605
23 January 1628
Youngest child of Jahangir.
· External links
Regnal titles
Regnal titles
Jahangir Timurid dynasty Born: 20 September 1569  Died: 8 November 1627
Regnal titles
Preceded byAkbar
Preceded byAkbar
Jahangir Timurid dynasty Born: 20 September 1569  Died: 8 November 1627
Preceded byAkbar
Jahangir Timurid dynasty Born: 20 September 1569  Died: 8 November 1627
Mughal Emperor 1605–1627
Jahangir Timurid dynasty Born: 20 September 1569  Died: 8 November 1627
Succeeded byShah Jahan
Jahangir Timurid dynasty Born: 20 September 1569 Died: 8 November 1627
Regnal titles
Preceded byAkbar
Mughal Emperor 1605–1627
Succeeded byShah Jahan

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