As of September 2025, the State of Palestine is recognized as a sovereign state by 157 of the 193 member states of the United Nations (UN), or just over 80% of all UN members. It has been a non-member observer state of the UN General Assembly since November 2012. This limited status is largely due to the fact that the United States, a permanent member of the UN Security Council with veto power, has consistently blocked Palestine's full UN membership; Palestine is recognized by the other four permanent members, which are China, France, Russia, and the United Kingdom.
The State of Palestine was officially declared by the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) on 15 November 1988, claiming sovereignty over the internationally recognized Palestinian territories: the West Bank (which includes East Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip. By the end of 1988, the Palestinian state was recognized by 78 countries. In an attempt to solve the decades-long Israeli–Palestinian conflict, the Oslo Accords were signed between Israel and the PLO in 1993 and 1995, creating the Palestinian Authority (PA) as a self-governing interim administration in Gaza and around 40% of the West Bank.
The Israeli–Palestinian peace process stalled during Benjamin Netanyahu's tenures as Prime Minister of Israel (1996–1999; 2009–2021; 2022–present), with Netanyahu opposing their statehood outside of Israel's control, in some cases prompting a more radical Palestinian response. In 2011, the State of Palestine was admitted into UNESCO. In 2012, it was accepted as an observer state of the UN General Assembly and the PA began to officially use the name "State of Palestine" for all purposes. In December 2014, the International Criminal Court recognized Palestine as a state.
Many countries support a two-state solution to the conflict. Fourteen of the nineteen member countries of the G20 (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, and the UK), plus permanent invitee Spain, have recognized Palestine as a state (four doing so in September 2025). The other five (Germany, Italy, Japan, South Korea, and the U.S.) do not recognize Palestine, but Italy and Japan have indicated that they would, the former contingent on Hamas meeting certain conditions.
Tables
· Timeline of Palestine in the United Nations › Application for UN membership
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
In favour (12)
In favour (12)
UN Security Council resolution vote on the recommendation to the UN General Assembly regarding the admission of the State of Palestine as a member of the UN
2024 UNSC Members vote result: In favour Against Abstentions
Date: 18 April 2024
In favour (12)
UN Security Council resolution vote on the recommendation to the UN General Assembly regarding the admission of the State of Palestine as a member of the UN
2024 UNSC Members vote result: In favour Against Abstentions
Date: 18 April 2024
Abstentions (2)
UN Security Council resolution vote on the recommendation to the UN General Assembly regarding the admission of the State of Palestine as a member of the UN
2024 UNSC Members vote result: In favour Against Abstentions
Date: 18 April 2024
Against (1)
AlgeriaD, China, Ecuador, France, Guyana, Japan, MaltaP, Mozambique, Russia, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, South Korea
AlgeriaD, China, Ecuador, France, Guyana, Japan, MaltaP, Mozambique, Russia, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, South Korea
UN Security Council resolution vote on the recommendation to the UN General Assembly regarding the admission of the State of Palestine as a member of the UN
2024 UNSC Members vote result: In favour Against Abstentions
Date: 18 April 2024
AlgeriaD, China, Ecuador, France, Guyana, Japan, MaltaP, Mozambique, Russia, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, South Korea
UN Security Council resolution vote on the recommendation to the UN General Assembly regarding the admission of the State of Palestine as a member of the UN
2024 UNSC Members vote result: In favour Against Abstentions
Date: 18 April 2024
Switzerland, United Kingdom
UN Security Council resolution vote on the recommendation to the UN General Assembly regarding the admission of the State of Palestine as a member of the UN
2024 UNSC Members vote result: In favour Against Abstentions
Date: 18 April 2024
United StatesV
Ranked list
UN Security Council resolution vote on the recommendation to the UN General Assembly regarding the admission of the State of Palestine as a member of the UN 2024 UNSC Members vote result: In favour Against Abstentions Date: 18 April 2024
In favour (12)
Abstentions (2)
Against (1)
AlgeriaD, China, Ecuador, France, Guyana, Japan, MaltaP, Mozambique, Russia, Sierra Leone, Slovenia, South Korea
Switzerland, United Kingdom
United StatesV
· States that recognize Palestine › UN member states
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
Algeria
Algeria
Name
Algeria
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, African Union (AU), OIC; Algeria–Palestine relations
Bahrain
Bahrain
Name
Bahrain
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, GCC, OIC; Bahrain– .mw- .mw- }Further detailsRecognition extended by the State of Bahrain.
Arab League, OIC; Iraq–Palestine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Ba'athist Iraqi Republic.
Kuwait
Kuwait
Name
Kuwait
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, GCC, OIC; Kuwait–Palestine relations
Libya
Libya
Name
Libya
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, AU, OIC; Libya–Palestine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.
Malaysia
Malaysia
Name
Malaysia
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
ASEAN, OIC; Malaysia–Palestine relations
Mauritania
Mauritania
Name
Mauritania
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, AU, OIC
Morocco
Morocco
Name
Morocco
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, AU, OIC; Morocco–Palestine relations
Somalia
Somalia
Name
Somalia
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, AU, OIC; Palestine–Somalia relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Somali Democratic Republic.
Tunisia
Tunisia
Name
Tunisia
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, AU, OIC; Palestine–Tunisia relations
Turkey
Turkey
Name
Turkey
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
G20, NATO, OIC, OTS; Palestine–Turkey relations
Yemen
Yemen
Name
Yemen
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, OIC; Palestine–Yemen relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by both Democratic Yemen and the Yemen Arab Republic, prior to Yemeni unification. In a joint letter to the UN Secretary-General sent just prior to unification, the Ministers of Foreign affairs of North and South Yemen stated: "All treaties and agreements concluded between either the Yemen Arab Republic or the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and other States and international organizations in accordance with international law which are in force on 22 May 1990 will remain in effect, and international relations existing on 22 May 1990 between the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and the Yemen Arab Republic and other States will continue."
Afghanistan
Afghanistan
Name
Afghanistan
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OIC, SAARC; Afghanistan–Palestine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.
Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Name
Bangladesh
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OIC, SAARC; Bangladesh–Palestine relations
Cuba
Cuba
Name
Cuba
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
—, Cuba–Palestine relations
Jordan
Jordan
Name
Jordan
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, OIC; Jordan–Palestine relations
Madagascar
Madagascar
Name
Madagascar
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Democratic Republic of Madagascar.
Nicaragua
Nicaragua
Name
Nicaragua
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
—
Pakistan
Pakistan
Name
Pakistan
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OIC, SAARC; Pakistan–Palestine relations
Qatar
Qatar
Name
Qatar
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, GCC, OIC; Palestine–Qatar relations
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
Name
Saudi Arabia
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, G20, GCC, OIC; Palestine–Saudi Arabia relations
United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates
Name
United Arab Emirates
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, BRICS, GCC, OIC; Palestine–United Arab Emirates relations
Serbia
Serbia
Name
Serbia
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
—, Palestine–Serbia relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). Although the UN did not recognize the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (later renamed Serbia and Montenegro, itself to be succeeded by Serbia in 2006) as its exclusive successor, it claimed to be such and pledged to adhere to all ratifications, signatures and recognitions conducted by the SFRY.
Zambia
Zambia
Name
Zambia
Date of recognition
16 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Albania
Albania
Name
Albania
Date of recognition
17 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
NATO, OIC; Albania–Palestine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the People's Socialist Republic of Albania.
Brunei
Brunei
Name
Brunei
Date of recognition
17 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
ASEAN, OIC; Brunei–Palestine relations
Djibouti
Djibouti
Name
Djibouti
Date of recognition
17 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, AU, OIC; Djibouti–Palestine relations
Mauritius
Mauritius
Name
Mauritius
Date of recognition
17 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Further detailsRecognition extended by Mauritius as a Commonwealth realm.
Sudan
Sudan
Name
Sudan
Date of recognition
17 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, AU, OIC; Palestine–Sudan relations
Cyprus
Cyprus
Name
Cyprus
Date of recognition
18 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU; Cyprus–Palestine relations
Further detailsIn January 2011, the Cypriot government reaffirmed its recognition of the Palestinian state in 1988. The government also added that any modifications to the borders from 1967 onwards would not be acknowledged until both countries reached a consensus.
Czech Republic (disputed)
Czech Republic (disputed)
Name
Czech Republic (disputed)
Date of recognition
18 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU, NATO
Further detailsThe Czech Republic's predecessor, Czechoslovakia, recognized Palestine on 18 November 1988. The Czech government denies that it recognizes Palestine, arguing that its predecessor never formally recognized Palestine and that Palestine never met the formal conditions of statehood. Since the 2010s, the Czech government has repeatedly reiterated its non-recognition of a Palestinian state, as recently as 2025. However, certain academics and politicians contend that the Czech Republic continues to recognize Palestine.
Slovakia
Slovakia
Name
Slovakia
Date of recognition
18 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU, NATO; Palestine–Slovakia relations
Further detailsSlovakia's predecessor, Czechoslovakia, recognized Palestine on 18 November 1988. Following its dissolution, Slovakia reaffirmed its recognition of Palestine in 1993.
Egypt
Egypt
Name
Egypt
Date of recognition
18 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, AU, BRICS, OIC; Egypt–Palestine relations
Gambia
Gambia
Name
Gambia
Date of recognition
18 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
India
India
Name
India
Date of recognition
18 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
BRICS, G20, SAARC; India–Palestine relations
Nigeria
Nigeria
Name
Nigeria
Date of recognition
18 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC; Nigeria–Palestine relations
Seychelles
Seychelles
Name
Seychelles
Date of recognition
18 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Name
Sri Lanka
Date of recognition
18 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
SAARC; Palestine–Sri Lanka relations
Namibia
Namibia
Name
Namibia
Date of recognition
19 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU; Namibia–Palestine relations
Further detailsNamibia was established by the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), which recognized the State of Palestine during its time as a UN observer entity.
Russia
Russia
Name
Russia
Date of recognition
19 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
BRICS, CSTO, G20, UNSC (permanent); Palestine–Russia relations
Further detailsRecognition extended as the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. President Dmitry Medvedev reconfirmed the position in January 2011.
Belarus
Belarus
Name
Belarus
Date of recognition
19 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CSTO; Belarus–Palestine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended as the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. Belarus is the legal successor of the Byelorussian SSR and in the Constitution it states, "Laws, decrees and other acts which were applied in the territory of the Republic of Belarus prior to the entry into force of the present Constitution shall apply in the particular parts thereof that are not contrary to the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus."
Ukraine
Ukraine
Name
Ukraine
Date of recognition
19 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
—, Palestine–Ukraine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, of which Ukraine is the legal successor. The modern republic continues all "rights and duties pursuant to international agreements of Union SSR which do not contradict the Constitution of Ukraine and interests of the Republic".
Vietnam
Vietnam
Name
Vietnam
Date of recognition
19 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
ASEAN; Palestine–Vietnam relations
China
China
Name
China
Date of recognition
20 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
BRICS, G20, UNSC (permanent); China–Palestine relations
Further detailsUnder the One China principle, the State of Palestine also recognizes the People's Republic of China as the sole legitimate government of the Chinese state and does not recognize the legitimacy of the Republic of China on Taiwan.
Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso
Name
Burkina Faso
Date of recognition
21 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC; Burkina Faso–Palestine relations
Comoros
Comoros
Name
Comoros
Date of recognition
21 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, AU, OIC; Comoros–Palestine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros.
Guinea
Guinea
Name
Guinea
Date of recognition
21 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau
Name
Guinea-Bissau
Date of recognition
21 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Cambodia
Cambodia
Name
Cambodia
Date of recognition
21 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
ASEAN
Further detailsRecognition extended by the People's Republic of Kampuchea, the predecessor to modern Cambodia. Its civil-war rival, internationally recognized Democratic Kampuchea, announced its recognition three days prior.
Mali
Mali
Name
Mali
Date of recognition
21 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Mongolia
Mongolia
Name
Mongolia
Date of recognition
22 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
—
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Mongolian People's Republic.
Senegal
Senegal
Name
Senegal
Date of recognition
22 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Hungary (disputed)
Hungary (disputed)
Name
Hungary (disputed)
Date of recognition
23 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU, NATO; Hungary–Palestine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Hungarian People's Republic and reaffirmed in 2011. Since 2024, the Hungarian government has opposed recognition of Palestinian statehood. Agence France-Presse and CNN exclude Hungary from their lists of states that recognize Palestine. However, certain sources contend that Hungary has not formally withdrawn its recognition of Palestine.
Cape Verde
Cape Verde
Name
Cape Verde
Date of recognition
24 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
North Korea
North Korea
Name
North Korea
Date of recognition
24 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
—, North Korea–Palestine relations
Niger
Niger
Name
Niger
Date of recognition
24 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Romania
Romania
Name
Romania
Date of recognition
24 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU, NATO; Palestine–Romania relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Socialist Republic of Romania.
Tanzania
Tanzania
Name
Tanzania
Date of recognition
24 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU; Palestine–Tanzania relations
Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Name
Bulgaria
Date of recognition
25 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU, NATO; Bulgaria–Palestine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the People's Republic of Bulgaria.
Maldives
Maldives
Name
Maldives
Date of recognition
28 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OIC, SAARC; Maldives–Palestine relations
Ghana
Ghana
Name
Ghana
Date of recognition
29 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU; Ghana–Palestine relations
Togo
Togo
Name
Togo
Date of recognition
29 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe
Name
Zimbabwe
Date of recognition
29 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU; Palestine–Zimbabwe relations
Chad
Chad
Name
Chad
Date of recognition
1 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Laos
Laos
Name
Laos
Date of recognition
2 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
ASEAN
Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone
Name
Sierra Leone
Date of recognition
3 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Uganda
Uganda
Name
Uganda
Date of recognition
3 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo
Name
Republic of the Congo
Date of recognition
5 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Further detailsRecognition extended by the People's Republic of the Congo.
Angola
Angola
Name
Angola
Date of recognition
6 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Further detailsRecognition extended by the People's Republic of Angola.
Mozambique
Mozambique
Name
Mozambique
Date of recognition
8 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Further detailsRecognition extended by the People's Republic of Mozambique.
São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe
Name
São Tomé and Príncipe
Date of recognition
10 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Gabon
Gabon
Name
Gabon
Date of recognition
12 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Oman
Oman
Name
Oman
Date of recognition
13 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, GCC, OIC; Oman–Palestine relations
Poland
Poland
Name
Poland
Date of recognition
14 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU, NATO; Palestine–Poland relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Polish People's Republic.
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Name
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Date of recognition
18 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Republic of Zaire, which was ruled by Mobutu Sese Seko until his removal in 1997 when the state was succeeded by the Democratic Republic of the Congo during the First Congo War.
Botswana
Botswana
Name
Botswana
Date of recognition
19 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Nepal
Nepal
Name
Nepal
Date of recognition
19 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
SAARC
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Kingdom of Nepal.
Burundi
Burundi
Name
Burundi
Date of recognition
22 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Central African Republic
Central African Republic
Name
Central African Republic
Date of recognition
23 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Bhutan
Bhutan
Name
Bhutan
Date of recognition
25 December 1988
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
SAARC
Rwanda
Rwanda
Name
Rwanda
Date of recognition
2 January 1989
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Name
Ethiopia
Date of recognition
4 February 1989
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, BRICS; Ethiopia–Palestine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.
Iran
Iran
Name
Iran
Date of recognition
4 February 1989
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
BRICS, OIC; Iran–Palestine relations
Further detailsSome documents list the date of Iran's recognition as 4 February 1988, but this predates the PLO's declaration of independence on 15 November 1988.
Benin
Benin
Name
Benin
Date of recognition
12 May 1989
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, OIC
Further detailsRecognition extended by the People's Republic of Benin.
Kenya
Kenya
Name
Kenya
Date of recognition
12 May 1989
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU; Kenya–Palestine relations
Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea
Name
Equatorial Guinea
Date of recognition
May 1989
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Vanuatu
Vanuatu
Name
Vanuatu
Date of recognition
21 August 1989
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
MSG, PIF
Philippines
Philippines
Name
Philippines
Date of recognition
4 September 1989
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
ASEAN; Palestine–Philippines relations
Eswatini
Eswatini
Name
Eswatini
Date of recognition
1 July 1991
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Further detailsRecognition extended as Swaziland.
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Name
Kazakhstan
Date of recognition
6 April 1992
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CSTO, OIC, OTS; Kazakhstan–Palestine relations
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Name
Azerbaijan
Date of recognition
15 April 1992
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OIC, OTS; Azerbaijan–Palestine relations
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan
Name
Turkmenistan
Date of recognition
17 April 1992
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OIC
Georgia
Georgia
Name
Georgia
Date of recognition
25 April 1992
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
—, Georgia–Palestine relations
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Name
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Date of recognition
27 May 1992
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Bosnia and Herzegovina–Palestine relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
Name
Tajikistan
Date of recognition
2 April 1994
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CSTO, OIC
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Name
Uzbekistan
Date of recognition
25 September 1994
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OIC, OTS
Papua New Guinea (disputed)
Papua New Guinea (disputed)
Name
Papua New Guinea (disputed)
Date of recognition
4 October 1994
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
MSG, PIF
Further detailsIn July 2025, Agence France-Presse removed Papua New Guinea from its list of states recognizing Palestine based on comments it received from the Papua New Guinean foreign secretary and foreign minister. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation and Deutsche Welle exclude Papua New Guinea from their lists of states recognizing Palestine.
South Africa
South Africa
Name
South Africa
Date of recognition
15 February 1995
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU, BRICS, G20; Palestine–South Africa relations
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan
Name
Kyrgyzstan
Date of recognition
November 1995
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CSTO, OIC, OTS; Kyrgyzstan–Palestine relations
Malawi
Malawi
Name
Malawi
Date of recognition
23 October 1998
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
AU
Timor-Leste
Timor-Leste
Name
Timor-Leste
Date of recognition
1 March 2004
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
ASEAN
Paraguay
Paraguay
Name
Paraguay
Date of recognition
25 March 2005
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Mercosur, OAS
Further detailsOn 28 January 2011, Paraguay's Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a written reaffirmation of its government's recognition of the State of Palestine. The statement noted that the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two governments in 2005 had implied mutual recognition.
Montenegro
Montenegro
Name
Montenegro
Date of recognition
24 July 2006
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
NATO; Montenegro–Palestine relations
Costa Rica
Costa Rica
Name
Costa Rica
Date of recognition
5 February 2008
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OAS
Lebanon
Lebanon
Name
Lebanon
Date of recognition
30 November 2008
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
Arab League, OIC; Lebanon–Palestine relations
Further detailsDate given is that of first official recognition. In Palestine's application to UNESCO in May 1989, Lebanon was listed as having recognized the State of Palestine, but without a date. The list was submitted without objection from Lebanon, but later sources have shown that official recognition was not accorded until 2008. At that time, the Lebanese cabinet approved the establishment of full diplomatic relations with the State of Palestine, but did not set a date for when this was to occur. On 11 August 2011, the cabinet agreed to implement its earlier decision and Abbas formally inaugurated his government's embassy in Beirut on 16 August.
Arab League, OIC; Palestine–Syria relations
Further detailsRecognition extended by Ba'athist Syria.
Liberia
Liberia
Name
Liberia
Date of recognition
19 July 2011
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
AU
El Salvador
El Salvador
Name
El Salvador
Date of recognition
25 August 2011
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OAS; El Salvador–Palestine relations
Honduras
Honduras
Name
Honduras
Date of recognition
26 August 2011
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OAS; Honduras–Palestine relations
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Name
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Date of recognition
29 August 2011
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Belize
Belize
Name
Belize
Date of recognition
9 September 2011
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Dominica
Dominica
Name
Dominica
Date of recognition
19 September 2011
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda
Name
Antigua and Barbuda
Date of recognition
22 September 2011
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Grenada
Grenada
Name
Grenada
Date of recognition
25 September 2011
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Iceland
Iceland
Name
Iceland
Date of recognition
15 December 2011
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EFTA, NATO; Iceland–Palestine relations
Thailand
Thailand
Name
Thailand
Date of recognition
18 January 2012
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
ASEAN; Palestine–Thailand relations
Guatemala
Guatemala
Name
Guatemala
Date of recognition
9 April 2013
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
OAS
Haiti
Haiti
Name
Haiti
Date of recognition
27 September 2013
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Sweden
Sweden
Name
Sweden
Date of recognition
30 October 2014
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU, NATO; Palestine–Sweden relations
Saint Lucia
Saint Lucia
Name
Saint Lucia
Date of recognition
14 September 2015
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Colombia
Colombia
Name
Colombia
Date of recognition
3 August 2018
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
OAS
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Name
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Date of recognition
29 July 2019
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Barbados
Barbados
Name
Barbados
Date of recognition
19 April 2024
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Jamaica
Jamaica
Name
Jamaica
Date of recognition
22 April 2024
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago
Name
Trinidad and Tobago
Date of recognition
2 May 2024
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Bahamas
Bahamas
Name
Bahamas
Date of recognition
7 May 2024
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
CARICOM, OAS
Ireland
Ireland
Name
Ireland
Date of recognition
28 May 2024
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU; Ireland–Palestine relations
Norway
Norway
Name
Norway
Date of recognition
28 May 2024
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EFTA, NATO; Norway–Palestine relations
Spain
Spain
Name
Spain
Date of recognition
28 May 2024
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU, NATO; Palestine–Spain relations
Slovenia
Slovenia
Name
Slovenia
Date of recognition
4 June 2024
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
EU, NATO; Palestine–Slovenia relations
Armenia
Armenia
Name
Armenia
Date of recognition
21 June 2024
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
CSTO; Armenia–Palestine relations
Mexico
Mexico
Name
Mexico
Date of recognition
5 February 2025
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
G20, OAS; Mexico–Palestine relations
Further detailsMexico was listed in documents circulated at the United Nations in 2024 as having recognized Palestine on 2 June 2023, the same date that the State of Palestine announced the conversion of its "Special Delegation" in Mexico into an "Embassy" without specifying whether that was by agreement with the Mexican government. The State of Palestine was reportedly soon added to a list of embassies in Mexico on a Mexican government website, and at least one source would later credit Mexican president Andrés Manuel López Obrador with having affected the change. In a press release from 25 April 2024, the Mexican government stated that "Mexico has supported actions in several multilateral forums that have, among others, the legal effect of recognizing Palestine as a State.", and on 11 October 2024 Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum said "we believe that the Palestinian State should be recognized in its full scope, just like the State of Israel." On 5 February 2025 Sheinbaum stated that "Mexico has had a position since years ago, not only of the governments of the Fourth Transformation, but it comes from before, of recognition of the State of Palestine and at the same time of the State of Israel. So that is the policy of the Mexican government of years ago and of now." Some media outlets reported that Mexico recognized Palestine on 19 March 2025 in reference to the accreditation ceremony for the first Palestinian representative to Mexico under the title of "Ambassador".
EU; Malta–Palestine relations
Further detailsWhile Malta was listed as having recognized Palestine on 16 November 1988 in documents circulated by the United Nations, they only acknowledged "the right of the Palestinian people to establish a sovereign state" at that time.
Andorra
Andorra
Name
Andorra
Date of recognition
22 September 2025
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
—
San Marino
San Marino
Name
San Marino
Date of recognition
23 September 2025
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
—
Ranked list
Name
Date of recognition
Diplomatic relations
Relevant membership, further details
Algeria
15 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, African Union (AU), OIC; Algeria–Palestine relations
Bahrain
15 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, GCC, OIC; Bahrain– .mw- }Further detailsRecognition extended by the State of Bahrain.
Arab League, OIC; Iraq–Palestine relations Further detailsRecognition extended by the Ba'athist Iraqi Republic.
Kuwait
15 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, GCC, OIC; Kuwait–Palestine relations
Libya
15 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, AU, OIC; Libya–Palestine relations Further detailsRecognition extended by the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.
Malaysia
15 November 1988
Yes
ASEAN, OIC; Malaysia–Palestine relations
Mauritania
15 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, AU, OIC
Morocco
15 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, AU, OIC; Morocco–Palestine relations
Somalia
15 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, AU, OIC; Palestine–Somalia relations Further detailsRecognition extended by the Somali Democratic Republic.
Tunisia
15 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, AU, OIC; Palestine–Tunisia relations
Turkey
15 November 1988
Yes
G20, NATO, OIC, OTS; Palestine–Turkey relations
Yemen
15 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, OIC; Palestine–Yemen relations Further detailsRecognition extended by both Democratic Yemen and the Yemen Arab Republic, prior to Yemeni unification. In a joint letter to the UN Secretary-General sent just prior to unification, the Ministers of Foreign affairs of North and South Yemen stated: "All treaties and agreements concluded between either the Yemen Arab Republic or the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and other States and international organizations in accordance with international law which are in force on 22 May 1990 will remain in effect, and international relations existing on 22 May 1990 between the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and the Yemen Arab Republic and other States will continue."
Afghanistan
16 November 1988
Yes
OIC, SAARC; Afghanistan–Palestine relations Further detailsRecognition extended by the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.
Bangladesh
16 November 1988
Yes
OIC, SAARC; Bangladesh–Palestine relations
Cuba
16 November 1988
Yes
—, Cuba–Palestine relations
Jordan
16 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, OIC; Jordan–Palestine relations
Madagascar
16 November 1988
No
AU Further detailsRecognition extended by the Democratic Republic of Madagascar.
Nicaragua
16 November 1988
Yes
—
Pakistan
16 November 1988
Yes
OIC, SAARC; Pakistan–Palestine relations
Qatar
16 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, GCC, OIC; Palestine–Qatar relations
Saudi Arabia
16 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, G20, GCC, OIC; Palestine–Saudi Arabia relations
United Arab Emirates
16 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, BRICS, GCC, OIC; Palestine–United Arab Emirates relations
Serbia
16 November 1988
Yes
—, Palestine–Serbia relations Further detailsRecognition extended by the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). Although the UN did not recognize the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (later renamed Serbia and Montenegro, itself to be succeeded by Serbia in 2006) as its exclusive successor, it claimed to be such and pledged to adhere to all ratifications, signatures and recognitions conducted by the SFRY.
Zambia
16 November 1988
Yes
AU
Albania
17 November 1988
Yes
NATO, OIC; Albania–Palestine relations Further detailsRecognition extended by the People's Socialist Republic of Albania.
Brunei
17 November 1988
Yes
ASEAN, OIC; Brunei–Palestine relations
Djibouti
17 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, AU, OIC; Djibouti–Palestine relations
Mauritius
17 November 1988
Yes
AU Further detailsRecognition extended by Mauritius as a Commonwealth realm.
Sudan
17 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, AU, OIC; Palestine–Sudan relations
Cyprus
18 November 1988
Yes
EU; Cyprus–Palestine relations Further detailsIn January 2011, the Cypriot government reaffirmed its recognition of the Palestinian state in 1988. The government also added that any modifications to the borders from 1967 onwards would not be acknowledged until both countries reached a consensus.
Czech Republic (disputed)
18 November 1988
Yes
EU, NATO Further detailsThe Czech Republic's predecessor, Czechoslovakia, recognized Palestine on 18 November 1988. The Czech government denies that it recognizes Palestine, arguing that its predecessor never formally recognized Palestine and that Palestine never met the formal conditions of statehood. Since the 2010s, the Czech government has repeatedly reiterated its non-recognition of a Palestinian state, as recently as 2025. However, certain academics and politicians contend that the Czech Republic continues to recognize Palestine.
Slovakia
18 November 1988
Yes
EU, NATO; Palestine–Slovakia relations Further detailsSlovakia's predecessor, Czechoslovakia, recognized Palestine on 18 November 1988. Following its dissolution, Slovakia reaffirmed its recognition of Palestine in 1993.
Egypt
18 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, AU, BRICS, OIC; Egypt–Palestine relations
Gambia
18 November 1988
Yes
AU, OIC
India
18 November 1988
Yes
BRICS, G20, SAARC; India–Palestine relations
Nigeria
18 November 1988
Yes
AU, OIC; Nigeria–Palestine relations
Seychelles
18 November 1988
Yes
AU
Sri Lanka
18 November 1988
Yes
SAARC; Palestine–Sri Lanka relations
Namibia
19 November 1988
Yes
AU; Namibia–Palestine relations Further detailsNamibia was established by the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), which recognized the State of Palestine during its time as a UN observer entity.
Russia
19 November 1988
Yes
BRICS, CSTO, G20, UNSC (permanent); Palestine–Russia relations Further detailsRecognition extended as the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. President Dmitry Medvedev reconfirmed the position in January 2011.
Belarus
19 November 1988
Yes
CSTO; Belarus–Palestine relations Further detailsRecognition extended as the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. Belarus is the legal successor of the Byelorussian SSR and in the Constitution it states, "Laws, decrees and other acts which were applied in the territory of the Republic of Belarus prior to the entry into force of the present Constitution shall apply in the particular parts thereof that are not contrary to the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus."
Ukraine
19 November 1988
Yes
—, Palestine–Ukraine relations Further detailsRecognition extended as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, of which Ukraine is the legal successor. The modern republic continues all "rights and duties pursuant to international agreements of Union SSR which do not contradict the Constitution of Ukraine and interests of the Republic".
Vietnam
19 November 1988
Yes
ASEAN; Palestine–Vietnam relations
China
20 November 1988
Yes
BRICS, G20, UNSC (permanent); China–Palestine relations Further detailsUnder the One China principle, the State of Palestine also recognizes the People's Republic of China as the sole legitimate government of the Chinese state and does not recognize the legitimacy of the Republic of China on Taiwan.
Burkina Faso
21 November 1988
Yes
AU, OIC; Burkina Faso–Palestine relations
Comoros
21 November 1988
Yes
Arab League, AU, OIC; Comoros–Palestine relations Further detailsRecognition extended by the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros.
Guinea
21 November 1988
Yes
AU, OIC
Guinea-Bissau
21 November 1988
Yes
AU, OIC
· States that recognize Palestine › Non-UN member states
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Sahrawi Republic
Sahrawi Republic
Name
Sahrawi Republic
Date of recognition
15 November 1988
Diplomatic relations
No
Relevant membership, further details
AU; Palestine–Sahrawi Republic relations
Further detailsPalestine does not recognize the Sahrawi Republic.
Holy See
Holy See
Name
Holy See
Date of recognition
February 2013
Diplomatic relations
Yes
Relevant membership, further details
—, Holy See–Palestine relations
Ranked list
Name
Date of recognition
Diplomatic relations
Relevant membership, further details
Sahrawi Republic
15 November 1988
No
AU; Palestine–Sahrawi Republic relations Further detailsPalestine does not recognize the Sahrawi Republic.
Holy See
February 2013
Yes
—, Holy See–Palestine relations
· States that do not recognize Palestine › UN member states
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Austria
Austria
Name
Austria
Official position
Austria conferred full diplomatic status on the PLO representation in Vienna on 13 December 1978, under then-chancellor Bruno Kreisky. In June 2011, Foreign Minister Michael Spindelegger said that Austria "had not yet made up its mind whether to support a UN recognition of a Palestinian state", adding that he preferred to wait for a joint EU approach to the issue. He said: "We will decide at the last moment because it might still give [the two parties] the opportunity to bring the Middle East peace process back on track." Spindelegger also suggested that the EU draft its own version of the resolution.
Further detailsAustria was initially listed as having recognized the State of Palestine on 14 December 1988, in documents submitted to UNESCO in 1989 supporting to Palestine's application for membership. However, the submitting states (Algeria, Indonesia, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal and Yemen) later requested that Austria be removed from the list.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU; Austria–Palestine relations
Belgium
Belgium
Name
Belgium
Official position
In May 2024, Foreign Minister Hadja Lahbib stated that recognition was not up for discussion, but it would not be granted at the time, while Prime Minister Alexander De Croo stressed that recognition was "symbolic" and would not have "any impact in the field". In July 2025, Belgium stated that it would determine its position on recognition in early September 2025. In August 2025, Foreign Minister Maxime Prévot urged the Federal Parliament that Belgium must recognize Palestine as soon as possible, warning that any delay would jeopardize the country's credibility in the two-state solution. On 1 September 2025, Foreign Minister Maxime Prévot announced that Belgium will recognize Palestinian statehood at the 2025 UN General Assembly, provided that the last Israeli hostage has been released and Hamas "no longer exercises any form of governance over Palestine." On 22 September 2025, Prime Minister Bart De Wever declared that Belgium would not yet recognize Palestine de jure, reiterating the demands regarding Hamas.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, NATO; Belgium–Palestine relations
Cameroon
Cameroon
Name
Cameroon
Official position
Cameroon officially supports a two-state solution. Although a member of the OIC, President Paul Biya has developed strong ties with Israel since the mid-1980s. This perceived friendship has soured the country's traditionally close ties with Arab states, many of whom have withdrawn longstanding economic development assistance and pressed Biya to support Palestinian interests. In August 2011, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu asked Biya to oppose the UN resolution that would admit Palestine as a member state.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
AU, OIC
Croatia
Croatia
Name
Croatia
Official position
Croatia formalized relations with the PLO on 31 March 2011. Former Croatian Prime Minister Jadranka Kosor stated in 2011 that her government supported the co-existence of Israel and Palestine as two independent states; however, Croatia abstained during voting on upgrading Palestine to non-member observer state status in the UN and on admission of Palestine to UNESCO. Former Croatian Foreign Minister Vesna Pusić stated on 24 October 2014 that "Croatia will most likely recognize Palestine soon". The Croatian government tends to favour Israel over Palestine as a commitment to the U.S., to whom Croatia is aligned, and the central quarters of the European Union of which Croatia has been a member since 2013. Croatia believes that if it were to recognize Palestine, this would frustrate its position with the EU and ties to the U.S., and also because the situation in the Middle East is complicated it feels there is no guarantee that there would be peace and further existence of the Jewish state if Israel eventually decides to withdraw from the occupied territories. In June 2025, President Zoran Milanović stated that Croatia should recognize Palestine. On 27 August 2025, Milanović declared that he will vigorously push for Croatia to recognize Palestine as soon as feasible within the bounds of his constitutional authority. He is also urging the government to start the process of recognizing Palestine in the Croatian Parliament.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, NATO
Denmark
Denmark
Name
Denmark
Official position
Danish Foreign Minister Lene Espersen met Abbas on 9 March 2011 to persuade him to return to negotiating with Israel. Espersen also extended Danish support to Palestinian national development. During the campaign for the 2011 elections, the largest opposition party argued that Denmark should recognize the State of Palestine. Foreign Minister Lene Espersen warned that such a unilateral decision could have "more negative than beneficial" consequences, and stressed the need to co-ordinate policy with the EU. In December 2014, a bill that called on Denmark to recognize Palestine as a state was rejected in the Danish parliament. In July 2025, Foreign Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen responded to the planned recognition of Palestine by France, stating that Denmark preferred such recognition to stem from a negotiated two-state solution or a coordinated EU effort. In August 2025, Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen announced that Denmark would not recognize Palestine at this time because "it will not help the thousands of children who are currently fighting for their survival, no matter how much we might wish it." On 22 September 2025, Rasmussen stated Denmark would recognise Palestine after several conditions are met, including all hostages being released, disarming of Hamas, reforming of the Palestinian Authority, and Hamas having no role in the governance of Gaza in the future.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, NATO; Denmark–Palestine relations
Eritrea
Eritrea
Name
Eritrea
Official position
Eritrea is one of only two African countries that do not recognize Palestine, the other being Cameroon. In October 2010, President Isaias Afewerki stated, "Israel needs a government, we must respect this. The Palestinians also need to have a dignified life, but it can not be the West Bank or Gaza. A two-state solution will not work. It's just to fool people. Israelis and Palestinians living in the same nation will never happen for many reasons. One option that may work is a Transjordan. Israel may be left in peace and the Palestinian and Jordanian peoples are brought together and can create their own nation." In his address to the UN General Assembly in 2011, Isaias stated that "Eritrea reaffirms its long-standing support to the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination and an independent, sovereign state. It also upholds the right of Israel to live in peace and security within internationally recognized boundaries." On 29 November 2012, Eritrea voted in favour of a resolution to make Palestine a non-member observer state at the UN. On 23 September 2024, the Minister for Foreign affairs H. E. Osman Saleh emphasized the Palestinians' right to self-determination. On 19 January 2025, the Ministry of Information released a press statement welcoming a ceasefire in the Gaza war implemented that day.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
AU
Estonia
Estonia
Name
Estonia
Official position
During a meeting with Riyad al-Malki in June 2010, Minister Urmas Paet said the country approved an agreement between the two countries and "self-determination for Palestine". Officials stated that the government would not adopt a position regarding the UN bid until the final wording of the resolution was published. On 30 July 2025, Estonian prime minister Kristen Michal emphasized that Estonia has no plans to recognize Palestine.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, NATO
Fiji
Fiji
Name
Fiji
Official position
Fijian policy on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict is largely based on UN resolutions.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
MSG, PIF
Finland
Finland
Name
Finland
Official position
Finland supports a two-state solution to the conflict. In 2025, President Alexander Stubb stated that he is willing to approve recognition of Palestine if the government presses forward with such a proposal. Prime Minister Petteri Orpo stated that Finland is not preparing to recognize Palestine. In September 2025, he announced a set of conditions before recognition would be implemented.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, NATO; Finland–Palestine relations
Germany
Germany
Name
Germany
Official position
In April 2011, Chancellor Angela Merkel labelled the Palestinian bid for recognition a "unilateral step", and stated unequivocally that Germany will not recognize a Palestinian state without its prior acceptance by Israel, "Unilateral recognitions therefore definitely do not contribute to achieving this aim ... This is our stance now and it will be our stance in September. There needs to be mutual recognition, otherwise it is not a two-state solution." She also reaffirmed her government's commitment to see an agreement reached as soon as possible, "We want a two-state solution. We want to recognize a Palestinian state. Let us ensure that negotiations begin. It is urgent." In August 2025, Chancellor Friedrich Merz said Germany would not recognize Palestine as it does not "see the requirements met".
Further detailsThe German Democratic Republic recognized the State of Palestine on 18 November 1988, but it later unified with the Federal Republic of Germany and the current government does not recognize it.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, G7, G20, NATO; Germany–Palestine relations
Greece
Greece
Name
Greece
Official position
Under previous governments, Greece garnered a reputation as a staunch supporter of the Palestinian cause. Within the wider Arab–Israeli conflict, Andreas Papandreou maintained a stronger stand against Israel than any other government in the European Community. Diplomatic relations were founded with the PLO in 1981, while relations with Israel were maintained only at the consular level until Greece's formal recognition of Israel in 1990 under Konstantinos Mitsotakis. Since the formation of current foreign policy under George Papandreou, Greece has seen a rapid improvement in relations with Israel, leading the media to mark the conclusion of Greece's pro-Palestinian era. In December 2015, Greece's parliament voted in favour of a motion requesting that the government recognize Palestine. On 7 September 2025, Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis declared that Greece will recognize Palestinian statehood at the right time.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, NATO; Greece–Palestine relations
Israel
Israel
Name
Israel
Official position
See above
Relations
Yes
Italy
Italy
Name
Italy
Official position
In May 2011, at an event in Rome celebrating Israel's independence, then Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi pledged his country's support to Israel. In June, he reiterated Italy's position against unilateral actions on either side of the conflict, stressing that "peace can only be reached with a common initiative through negotiations". This position was shared by parliamentarians, who drafted a letter to the UN stating that "a premature, unilateral declaration of Palestinian statehood would ... undermine rather than resolve the Israeli–Palestinian peace process". Nevertheless, Italy upgraded the diplomatic status of the Palestinian delegation in Rome to a mission, similarly to what other EU countries were doing, giving the head of the delegation ambassadorial status. On 31 October 2011, Italy did not oppose Palestine's UNESCO membership bid. On 29 November 2012, Italy voted in favour of UN Resolution 67/19, giving Palestine a non-member observer state status at the UN. Italy's opposition to unilateral actions was reiterated on 21 December 2017, when it voted in favour of a UN draft resolution calling on all countries to comply with Security Council resolutions regarding the status of Jerusalem, following the decision by the U.S. to move its embassy to Israel from Tel Aviv to the city. In July 2025, both Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni and Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani stated that Italy was not ready to recognize Palestine and that such a move would be counterproductive. In September 2025, Meloni stated that Italy would recognize Palestine, given that all Israeli hostages are released and Hamas is excluded from the Palestinian government.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, G7, G20, NATO; Italy–Palestine relations
Japan
Japan
Name
Japan
Official position
Japan supports a two-state solution to the conflict, and supports the establishment of a Palestinian state. In October 2007, a Japanese Justice Ministry official said: "Given that the Palestinian Authority has improved itself to almost a full-fledged state and issues its own passports, we have decided to accept the Palestinian nationality." The Japanese government declared that it would not recognize any act that would jeopardize a Palestinian state with the pre-1967 borders nor the annexation of East Jerusalem by Israel. Japan voted favourably for the UN General Assembly resolution to accord Palestine non-member observer state status in the UN in November 2012, and since then has referred to the country as "Palestine". In August 2024, a Japanese official stated that the country was considering recognition. On 30 July 2025, Foreign Minister Takeshi Iwaya stated that, in contrast to France, Japan requires additional time before recognizing Palestine as a sovereign state; however, he reaffirmed Japan's continued commitment to a two-state solution. On 22 September 2025, Iwaya stated that Japan's recognition of Palestine as a state is a matter of "when" rather than "if".
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
G7, G20; Japan–Palestine relations
Kiribati
Kiribati
Name
Kiribati
Official position
During the summit of the Pacific Islands Forum in early September 2011, the foreign minister of Kiribati reportedly expressed support for the Palestinian position.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
PIF
Latvia
Latvia
Name
Latvia
Official position
Latvia supports a two-state solution to the conflict and provides development assistance to the Palestinian National Authority. In July 2025, the Latvian foreign ministry reiterated that there were no plans to recognize Palestine.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, NATO
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein
Name
Liechtenstein
Official position
Liechtenstein relies on Switzerland to carry out most of its foreign affairs. In January 2011, it co-sponsored a draft resolution guaranteeing the Palestinian people's right to self-determination, and stated that this right must be exercised with a view to achieving a viable and fully sovereign Palestinian state. In September 2025, Foreign Minister Sabine Monauni stated that Palestine fundamentally met the requirements for statehood.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
EFTA
Lithuania
Lithuania
Name
Lithuania
Official position
Lithuania supports a two-state solution including an independent Palestinian state. In 2011, Foreign Minister Audronius Ažubalis called for a strong, unanimous European position that encouraged both parties to resume peace talks. In August 2025, a senior advisor to President Gitanas Nausėda stated that "at this time, the question of recognising Palestine is not on our agenda".
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, NATO; Lithuania–Palestine relations
Marshall Islands
Marshall Islands
Name
Marshall Islands
Official position
The Marshall Islands has, like the U.S., long been a close voting ally of Israel at the UN. In December 2017, the Marshall Islands was one of just nine countries (including the U.S. and Israel) to vote against a motion adopted by the UN General Assembly condemning the U.S.'s recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's capital city. Additionally, it was one of only five countries (the others being Israel, the U.S., Micronesia, and Nauru) to oppose a UN draft resolution in November 2020 on the creation of a Palestinian state.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
PIF
Federated States of Micronesia
Federated States of Micronesia
Name
Federated States of Micronesia
Official position
The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a consistent supporter of Israel, especially in international resolutions, though this is due in part to its association with the U.S. Former FSM President Manny Mori said that the relationship goes back to 1986, when Israel made "[an] early decision to support Micronesia's membership in the UN". During the summit of the Pacific Islands Forum in September 2011, the leader of the Micronesian delegation reportedly stated his country's solidarity with the Palestinian people's suffering and support for their right to self-determination. Regarding the PNA's endeavour to gain admission to the UN, the official stated that the agreements signed with the U.S. prevented the FSM from voting according to its government's wishes in cases where they conflicted with those of the U.S. In reference to Israel's continued development assistance to Micronesians, another diplomat noted, "We need Israeli expertise, so I don't see a change in our policy anytime soon."
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
PIF
Moldova
Moldova
Name
Moldova
Official position
On 27 May 2024, Foreign Minister Mihai Popșoi reaffirmed support of Moldova for the two-state solution; however, he also stated that there was no internal consensus on recognizing the State of Palestine.
Relations
Yes
Myanmar
Myanmar
Name
Myanmar
Official position
Myanmar is one of only two Asian members of the Non-Aligned Movement that has not recognized the State of Palestine, alongside Singapore. Former foreign affairs minister Win Aung stated in 2000 that Myanmar supports a two-state solution within internationally recognized borders.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
ASEAN
Nauru
Nauru
Name
Nauru
Official position
During the Pacific Islands Forum in early September 2011, Foreign Affairs Minister Kieren Keke confirmed his nation's solidarity with the Palestinian people and their right to self-determination. The PNA's foreign ministry published a statement prior to the summit claiming that most Pacific island nations would vote against a UN resolution regarding the Palestinian state.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
PIF
Netherlands
Netherlands
Name
Netherlands
Official position
The Netherlands supports a two-state solution, with the recognition of Palestine as a state seen as contingent upon successful negotiations that ensure the security and mutual recognition of both states. In August 2025, the Dutch foreign minister stated "The Netherlands is not planning to recognise a Palestinian state at this time."
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EU, NATO; Netherlands–Palestine relations
New Zealand
New Zealand
Name
New Zealand
Official position
New Zealand supports a two-state solution to the peace process. It also maintains a policy of tacit rather than explicit recognition of new states. For Palestine, this would mean upgrading its accredited delegation to a diplomatic status. In early September 2011, Foreign Minister Murray McCully said that the government would not make a decision until the wording of the resolution was released. "We've got a reputation for being fair minded and even handed on this matter and all we can do is wait to see the words. He also told Riyad al-Malki that his country had refused to give Israel any pledges to refuse to vote in favor of the draft resolution. Since 2017, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern had reiterated her support for a two-state solution and opposition to settler expansions. On 26 September 2025, Foreign Minister Winston Peters announced that New Zealand was not ready to recognize a Palestinian state stating it did not meet the minimum criteria of statehood.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
PIF; New Zealand–Palestine relations
North Macedonia
North Macedonia
Name
North Macedonia
Official position
North Macedonia is one of the few countries with no political or diplomatic relations with Palestine, of any kind. Whilst he was Foreign Minister, Nikola Poposki stated that the country's position will be built in accordance with the views of the European Union and its strategic partners.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
NATO
Palau
Palau
Name
Palau
Official position
Palau is one of four countries (alongside the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia and Nauru) that has almost always voted with the U.S. in bills at the UN. Palau, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia and the U.S. make up the Compact of Free Association, which some observers have suggested amounts to "checkbook diplomacy", whereby the U.S. bought the tiny island states' votes for cash. When the UN overwhelmingly voted to condemn Donald Trump's decision to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital and relocate the U.S. embassy there, Palau was one of only nine countries to support the move.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
PIF
Panama
Panama
Name
Panama
Official position
Panama has not indicated its position regarding a vote on statehood, and is reported to be undecided on the matter. President Ricardo Martinelli has a record of supporting Israel in UN resolutions, and has reportedly resisted pressure from other Latin American governments to recognize Palestine. The Central American Integration System (SICA) was expected to adopt a joint position on the issue at its summit on 18 August, but Panama insisted that discussion should retain a regional focus and the matter was not included on the final agenda. In early September, Foreign Minister Roberto Henriquez said that the government's decision would not be made public until its vote is cast, but added, "It is very important that the birth of this country and its recognition in the international forum is previously accompanied by a full peace agreement with its neighbour, Israel." On 4 July 2015, Panama's Vice President and Foreign Minister Isabel De Saint Malo de Alvarado said that her government is looking at ways to recognize the State of Palestine without affecting their "close relationship" with Israel.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
OAS
Samoa
Samoa
Name
Samoa
Official position
In 2010, Prime Minister Tuilaʻepa Saʻilele Malielegaoi expressed support for a two-state solution to the conflict.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
PIF
Singapore
Singapore
Name
Singapore
Official position
Singapore has not recognized the State of Palestine. The island state has a strong relationship with Israel; however, Singapore established a representative office in Ramallah as a move to improve coordination of capacity-building initiatives and fortify relations with the Palestinian National Authority. On 2 July 2024, Foreign Minister Vivian Balakrishnan stated that Singapore could recognize Palestine if it in turn accepted Israel's right to exist. In July 2025, Singapore announced that it was "prepared in principle" to recognize Palestine. On 22 September 2025, Balakrishnan declared that Singapore will recognize Palestine once it has a competent administration, supports Israel's right to exist, and abandons terrorism.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
ASEAN
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands
Name
Solomon Islands
Official position
Foreign Minister Peter Shannel Agovaka met Riyad al-Malki in early September 2011 at the summit of the Pacific Islands Forum in Wellington. Agovaka reportedly confirmed his government's support of Palestinian efforts at the UN, and that possible recognition of the State of Palestine would be considered in the next cabinet meeting.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
PIF
South Korea
South Korea
Name
South Korea
Official position
The government of South Korea does not recognize the State of Palestine; however, it has a representative office in Ramallah.
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
G20; Palestine–South Korea relations
Switzerland
Switzerland
Name
Switzerland
Official position
Switzerland does not recognize Palestine as an independent state but voted in favour of granting it a non-member observer status at the UN in November 2014. Swiss President Simonetta Sommaruga voiced her support for a two-state solution, saying: "Switzerland has worked for years for a solution to the conflict between Israel and Palestine. Our aim is to achieve peace."
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
EFTA; Palestine–Switzerland relations
Tonga
Tonga
Name
Tonga
Official position
In September 2011, following the summit of the Pacific Islands Forum in Wellington, the PNA's foreign ministry noted that it had made significant strides in its efforts to attain recognition from Tonga.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
PIF
Tuvalu
Tuvalu
Name
Tuvalu
Official position
On 10 September 2015, the UN General Assembly passed a Palestinian resolution to allow its flag to fly in front of the UN headquarters in New York. The vote was passed with 119 votes in support, 8 opposing, and 45 abstentions. Tuvalu was one of the eight opposing votes.
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
PIF
United States
United States
Name
United States
Official position
In September 2011, President Barack Obama declared U.S. opposition to the bid in his speech to the General Assembly, saying that "genuine peace can only be realized between Israelis and Palestinians themselves", and that "[u]ltimately, it is Israelis and Palestinians – not us – who must reach an agreement on the issues that divide them". Obama told Abbas that the U.S. would veto any UN Security Council move to recognize Palestinian statehood. Presidents Donald Trump and Joe Biden have maintained that UNSC veto policy. In August 2025, U.S. Vice President JD Vance reaffirmed that the U.S. would not recognize Palestine, stating: "I don't know what it would mean to really recognise a Palestinian state, given the lack of functional government there."
Relations
Yes
Relevant memberships
G7, G20, NATO, OAS, UNSC (permanent); Palestine–United States relations
Ranked list
Name
Official position
Relations
Relevant memberships
Austria
Austria conferred full diplomatic status on the PLO representation in Vienna on 13 December 1978, under then-chancellor Bruno Kreisky. In June 2011, Foreign Minister Michael Spindelegger said that Austria "had not yet made up its mind whether to support a UN recognition of a Palestinian state", adding that he preferred to wait for a joint EU approach to the issue. He said: "We will decide at the last moment because it might still give [the two parties] the opportunity to bring the Middle East peace process back on track." Spindelegger also suggested that the EU draft its own version of the resolution. Further detailsAustria was initially listed as having recognized the State of Palestine on 14 December 1988, in documents submitted to UNESCO in 1989 supporting to Palestine's application for membership. However, the submitting states (Algeria, Indonesia, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal and Yemen) later requested that Austria be removed from the list.
Yes
EU; Austria–Palestine relations
Belgium
In May 2024, Foreign Minister Hadja Lahbib stated that recognition was not up for discussion, but it would not be granted at the time, while Prime Minister Alexander De Croo stressed that recognition was "symbolic" and would not have "any impact in the field". In July 2025, Belgium stated that it would determine its position on recognition in early September 2025. In August 2025, Foreign Minister Maxime Prévot urged the Federal Parliament that Belgium must recognize Palestine as soon as possible, warning that any delay would jeopardize the country's credibility in the two-state solution. On 1 September 2025, Foreign Minister Maxime Prévot announced that Belgium will recognize Palestinian statehood at the 2025 UN General Assembly, provided that the last Israeli hostage has been released and Hamas "no longer exercises any form of governance over Palestine." On 22 September 2025, Prime Minister Bart De Wever declared that Belgium would not yet recognize Palestine de jure, reiterating the demands regarding Hamas.
Yes
EU, NATO; Belgium–Palestine relations
Cameroon
Cameroon officially supports a two-state solution. Although a member of the OIC, President Paul Biya has developed strong ties with Israel since the mid-1980s. This perceived friendship has soured the country's traditionally close ties with Arab states, many of whom have withdrawn longstanding economic development assistance and pressed Biya to support Palestinian interests. In August 2011, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu asked Biya to oppose the UN resolution that would admit Palestine as a member state.
Yes
AU, OIC
Croatia
Croatia formalized relations with the PLO on 31 March 2011. Former Croatian Prime Minister Jadranka Kosor stated in 2011 that her government supported the co-existence of Israel and Palestine as two independent states; however, Croatia abstained during voting on upgrading Palestine to non-member observer state status in the UN and on admission of Palestine to UNESCO. Former Croatian Foreign Minister Vesna Pusić stated on 24 October 2014 that "Croatia will most likely recognize Palestine soon". The Croatian government tends to favour Israel over Palestine as a commitment to the U.S., to whom Croatia is aligned, and the central quarters of the European Union of which Croatia has been a member since 2013. Croatia believes that if it were to recognize Palestine, this would frustrate its position with the EU and ties to the U.S., and also because the situation in the Middle East is complicated it feels there is no guarantee that there would be peace and further existence of the Jewish state if Israel eventually decides to withdraw from the occupied territories. In June 2025, President Zoran Milanović stated that Croatia should recognize Palestine. On 27 August 2025, Milanović declared that he will vigorously push for Croatia to recognize Palestine as soon as feasible within the bounds of his constitutional authority. He is also urging the government to start the process of recognizing Palestine in the Croatian Parliament.
Yes
EU, NATO
Denmark
Danish Foreign Minister Lene Espersen met Abbas on 9 March 2011 to persuade him to return to negotiating with Israel. Espersen also extended Danish support to Palestinian national development. During the campaign for the 2011 elections, the largest opposition party argued that Denmark should recognize the State of Palestine. Foreign Minister Lene Espersen warned that such a unilateral decision could have "more negative than beneficial" consequences, and stressed the need to co-ordinate policy with the EU. In December 2014, a bill that called on Denmark to recognize Palestine as a state was rejected in the Danish parliament. In July 2025, Foreign Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen responded to the planned recognition of Palestine by France, stating that Denmark preferred such recognition to stem from a negotiated two-state solution or a coordinated EU effort. In August 2025, Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen announced that Denmark would not recognize Palestine at this time because "it will not help the thousands of children who are currently fighting for their survival, no matter how much we might wish it." On 22 September 2025, Rasmussen stated Denmark would recognise Palestine after several conditions are met, including all hostages being released, disarming of Hamas, reforming of the Palestinian Authority, and Hamas having no role in the governance of Gaza in the future.
Yes
EU, NATO; Denmark–Palestine relations
Eritrea
Eritrea is one of only two African countries that do not recognize Palestine, the other being Cameroon. In October 2010, President Isaias Afewerki stated, "Israel needs a government, we must respect this. The Palestinians also need to have a dignified life, but it can not be the West Bank or Gaza. A two-state solution will not work. It's just to fool people. Israelis and Palestinians living in the same nation will never happen for many reasons. One option that may work is a Transjordan. Israel may be left in peace and the Palestinian and Jordanian peoples are brought together and can create their own nation." In his address to the UN General Assembly in 2011, Isaias stated that "Eritrea reaffirms its long-standing support to the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination and an independent, sovereign state. It also upholds the right of Israel to live in peace and security within internationally recognized boundaries." On 29 November 2012, Eritrea voted in favour of a resolution to make Palestine a non-member observer state at the UN. On 23 September 2024, the Minister for Foreign affairs H. E. Osman Saleh emphasized the Palestinians' right to self-determination. On 19 January 2025, the Ministry of Information released a press statement welcoming a ceasefire in the Gaza war implemented that day.
Yes
AU
Estonia
During a meeting with Riyad al-Malki in June 2010, Minister Urmas Paet said the country approved an agreement between the two countries and "self-determination for Palestine". Officials stated that the government would not adopt a position regarding the UN bid until the final wording of the resolution was published. On 30 July 2025, Estonian prime minister Kristen Michal emphasized that Estonia has no plans to recognize Palestine.
Yes
EU, NATO
Fiji
Fijian policy on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict is largely based on UN resolutions.
No
MSG, PIF
Finland
Finland supports a two-state solution to the conflict. In 2025, President Alexander Stubb stated that he is willing to approve recognition of Palestine if the government presses forward with such a proposal. Prime Minister Petteri Orpo stated that Finland is not preparing to recognize Palestine. In September 2025, he announced a set of conditions before recognition would be implemented.
Yes
EU, NATO; Finland–Palestine relations
Germany
In April 2011, Chancellor Angela Merkel labelled the Palestinian bid for recognition a "unilateral step", and stated unequivocally that Germany will not recognize a Palestinian state without its prior acceptance by Israel, "Unilateral recognitions therefore definitely do not contribute to achieving this aim ... This is our stance now and it will be our stance in September. There needs to be mutual recognition, otherwise it is not a two-state solution." She also reaffirmed her government's commitment to see an agreement reached as soon as possible, "We want a two-state solution. We want to recognize a Palestinian state. Let us ensure that negotiations begin. It is urgent." In August 2025, Chancellor Friedrich Merz said Germany would not recognize Palestine as it does not "see the requirements met". Further detailsThe German Democratic Republic recognized the State of Palestine on 18 November 1988, but it later unified with the Federal Republic of Germany and the current government does not recognize it.
Yes
EU, G7, G20, NATO; Germany–Palestine relations
Greece
Under previous governments, Greece garnered a reputation as a staunch supporter of the Palestinian cause. Within the wider Arab–Israeli conflict, Andreas Papandreou maintained a stronger stand against Israel than any other government in the European Community. Diplomatic relations were founded with the PLO in 1981, while relations with Israel were maintained only at the consular level until Greece's formal recognition of Israel in 1990 under Konstantinos Mitsotakis. Since the formation of current foreign policy under George Papandreou, Greece has seen a rapid improvement in relations with Israel, leading the media to mark the conclusion of Greece's pro-Palestinian era. In December 2015, Greece's parliament voted in favour of a motion requesting that the government recognize Palestine. On 7 September 2025, Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis declared that Greece will recognize Palestinian statehood at the right time.
Yes
EU, NATO; Greece–Palestine relations
Israel
See above
Yes
Italy
In May 2011, at an event in Rome celebrating Israel's independence, then Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi pledged his country's support to Israel. In June, he reiterated Italy's position against unilateral actions on either side of the conflict, stressing that "peace can only be reached with a common initiative through negotiations". This position was shared by parliamentarians, who drafted a letter to the UN stating that "a premature, unilateral declaration of Palestinian statehood would ... undermine rather than resolve the Israeli–Palestinian peace process". Nevertheless, Italy upgraded the diplomatic status of the Palestinian delegation in Rome to a mission, similarly to what other EU countries were doing, giving the head of the delegation ambassadorial status. On 31 October 2011, Italy did not oppose Palestine's UNESCO membership bid. On 29 November 2012, Italy voted in favour of UN Resolution 67/19, giving Palestine a non-member observer state status at the UN. Italy's opposition to unilateral actions was reiterated on 21 December 2017, when it voted in favour of a UN draft resolution calling on all countries to comply with Security Council resolutions regarding the status of Jerusalem, following the decision by the U.S. to move its embassy to Israel from Tel Aviv to the city. In July 2025, both Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni and Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani stated that Italy was not ready to recognize Palestine and that such a move would be counterproductive. In September 2025, Meloni stated that Italy would recognize Palestine, given that all Israeli hostages are released and Hamas is excluded from the Palestinian government.
Yes
EU, G7, G20, NATO; Italy–Palestine relations
Japan
Japan supports a two-state solution to the conflict, and supports the establishment of a Palestinian state. In October 2007, a Japanese Justice Ministry official said: "Given that the Palestinian Authority has improved itself to almost a full-fledged state and issues its own passports, we have decided to accept the Palestinian nationality." The Japanese government declared that it would not recognize any act that would jeopardize a Palestinian state with the pre-1967 borders nor the annexation of East Jerusalem by Israel. Japan voted favourably for the UN General Assembly resolution to accord Palestine non-member observer state status in the UN in November 2012, and since then has referred to the country as "Palestine". In August 2024, a Japanese official stated that the country was considering recognition. On 30 July 2025, Foreign Minister Takeshi Iwaya stated that, in contrast to France, Japan requires additional time before recognizing Palestine as a sovereign state; however, he reaffirmed Japan's continued commitment to a two-state solution. On 22 September 2025, Iwaya stated that Japan's recognition of Palestine as a state is a matter of "when" rather than "if".
Yes
G7, G20; Japan–Palestine relations
Kiribati
During the summit of the Pacific Islands Forum in early September 2011, the foreign minister of Kiribati reportedly expressed support for the Palestinian position.
No
PIF
Latvia
Latvia supports a two-state solution to the conflict and provides development assistance to the Palestinian National Authority. In July 2025, the Latvian foreign ministry reiterated that there were no plans to recognize Palestine.
Yes
EU, NATO
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein relies on Switzerland to carry out most of its foreign affairs. In January 2011, it co-sponsored a draft resolution guaranteeing the Palestinian people's right to self-determination, and stated that this right must be exercised with a view to achieving a viable and fully sovereign Palestinian state. In September 2025, Foreign Minister Sabine Monauni stated that Palestine fundamentally met the requirements for statehood.
No
EFTA
Lithuania
Lithuania supports a two-state solution including an independent Palestinian state. In 2011, Foreign Minister Audronius Ažubalis called for a strong, unanimous European position that encouraged both parties to resume peace talks. In August 2025, a senior advisor to President Gitanas Nausėda stated that "at this time, the question of recognising Palestine is not on our agenda".
Yes
EU, NATO; Lithuania–Palestine relations
Marshall Islands
The Marshall Islands has, like the U.S., long been a close voting ally of Israel at the UN. In December 2017, the Marshall Islands was one of just nine countries (including the U.S. and Israel) to vote against a motion adopted by the UN General Assembly condemning the U.S.'s recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's capital city. Additionally, it was one of only five countries (the others being Israel, the U.S., Micronesia, and Nauru) to oppose a UN draft resolution in November 2020 on the creation of a Palestinian state.
No
PIF
Federated States of Micronesia
The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a consistent supporter of Israel, especially in international resolutions, though this is due in part to its association with the U.S. Former FSM President Manny Mori said that the relationship goes back to 1986, when Israel made "[an] early decision to support Micronesia's membership in the UN". During the summit of the Pacific Islands Forum in September 2011, the leader of the Micronesian delegation reportedly stated his country's solidarity with the Palestinian people's suffering and support for their right to self-determination. Regarding the PNA's endeavour to gain admission to the UN, the official stated that the agreements signed with the U.S. prevented the FSM from voting according to its government's wishes in cases where they conflicted with those of the U.S. In reference to Israel's continued development assistance to Micronesians, another diplomat noted, "We need Israeli expertise, so I don't see a change in our policy anytime soon."
No
PIF
Moldova
On 27 May 2024, Foreign Minister Mihai Popșoi reaffirmed support of Moldova for the two-state solution; however, he also stated that there was no internal consensus on recognizing the State of Palestine.
Yes
Myanmar
Myanmar is one of only two Asian members of the Non-Aligned Movement that has not recognized the State of Palestine, alongside Singapore. Former foreign affairs minister Win Aung stated in 2000 that Myanmar supports a two-state solution within internationally recognized borders.
No
ASEAN
Nauru
During the Pacific Islands Forum in early September 2011, Foreign Affairs Minister Kieren Keke confirmed his nation's solidarity with the Palestinian people and their right to self-determination. The PNA's foreign ministry published a statement prior to the summit claiming that most Pacific island nations would vote against a UN resolution regarding the Palestinian state.
No
PIF
Netherlands
The Netherlands supports a two-state solution, with the recognition of Palestine as a state seen as contingent upon successful negotiations that ensure the security and mutual recognition of both states. In August 2025, the Dutch foreign minister stated "The Netherlands is not planning to recognise a Palestinian state at this time."
Yes
EU, NATO; Netherlands–Palestine relations
New Zealand
New Zealand supports a two-state solution to the peace process. It also maintains a policy of tacit rather than explicit recognition of new states. For Palestine, this would mean upgrading its accredited delegation to a diplomatic status. In early September 2011, Foreign Minister Murray McCully said that the government would not make a decision until the wording of the resolution was released. "We've got a reputation for being fair minded and even handed on this matter and all we can do is wait to see the words. He also told Riyad al-Malki that his country had refused to give Israel any pledges to refuse to vote in favor of the draft resolution. Since 2017, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern had reiterated her support for a two-state solution and opposition to settler expansions. On 26 September 2025, Foreign Minister Winston Peters announced that New Zealand was not ready to recognize a Palestinian state stating it did not meet the minimum criteria of statehood.
Yes
PIF; New Zealand–Palestine relations
North Macedonia
North Macedonia is one of the few countries with no political or diplomatic relations with Palestine, of any kind. Whilst he was Foreign Minister, Nikola Poposki stated that the country's position will be built in accordance with the views of the European Union and its strategic partners.
No
NATO
Palau
Palau is one of four countries (alongside the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia and Nauru) that has almost always voted with the U.S. in bills at the UN. Palau, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia and the U.S. make up the Compact of Free Association, which some observers have suggested amounts to "checkbook diplomacy", whereby the U.S. bought the tiny island states' votes for cash. When the UN overwhelmingly voted to condemn Donald Trump's decision to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital and relocate the U.S. embassy there, Palau was one of only nine countries to support the move.
No
PIF
Panama
Panama has not indicated its position regarding a vote on statehood, and is reported to be undecided on the matter. President Ricardo Martinelli has a record of supporting Israel in UN resolutions, and has reportedly resisted pressure from other Latin American governments to recognize Palestine. The Central American Integration System (SICA) was expected to adopt a joint position on the issue at its summit on 18 August, but Panama insisted that discussion should retain a regional focus and the matter was not included on the final agenda. In early September, Foreign Minister Roberto Henriquez said that the government's decision would not be made public until its vote is cast, but added, "It is very important that the birth of this country and its recognition in the international forum is previously accompanied by a full peace agreement with its neighbour, Israel." On 4 July 2015, Panama's Vice President and Foreign Minister Isabel De Saint Malo de Alvarado said that her government is looking at ways to recognize the State of Palestine without affecting their "close relationship" with Israel.
No
OAS
Samoa
In 2010, Prime Minister Tuilaʻepa Saʻilele Malielegaoi expressed support for a two-state solution to the conflict.
No
PIF
Singapore
Singapore has not recognized the State of Palestine. The island state has a strong relationship with Israel; however, Singapore established a representative office in Ramallah as a move to improve coordination of capacity-building initiatives and fortify relations with the Palestinian National Authority. On 2 July 2024, Foreign Minister Vivian Balakrishnan stated that Singapore could recognize Palestine if it in turn accepted Israel's right to exist. In July 2025, Singapore announced that it was "prepared in principle" to recognize Palestine. On 22 September 2025, Balakrishnan declared that Singapore will recognize Palestine once it has a competent administration, supports Israel's right to exist, and abandons terrorism.
Yes
ASEAN
Solomon Islands
Foreign Minister Peter Shannel Agovaka met Riyad al-Malki in early September 2011 at the summit of the Pacific Islands Forum in Wellington. Agovaka reportedly confirmed his government's support of Palestinian efforts at the UN, and that possible recognition of the State of Palestine would be considered in the next cabinet meeting.
No
PIF
South Korea
The government of South Korea does not recognize the State of Palestine; however, it has a representative office in Ramallah.
Yes
G20; Palestine–South Korea relations
Switzerland
Switzerland does not recognize Palestine as an independent state but voted in favour of granting it a non-member observer status at the UN in November 2014. Swiss President Simonetta Sommaruga voiced her support for a two-state solution, saying: "Switzerland has worked for years for a solution to the conflict between Israel and Palestine. Our aim is to achieve peace."
Yes
EFTA; Palestine–Switzerland relations
Tonga
In September 2011, following the summit of the Pacific Islands Forum in Wellington, the PNA's foreign ministry noted that it had made significant strides in its efforts to attain recognition from Tonga.
No
PIF
Tuvalu
On 10 September 2015, the UN General Assembly passed a Palestinian resolution to allow its flag to fly in front of the UN headquarters in New York. The vote was passed with 119 votes in support, 8 opposing, and 45 abstentions. Tuvalu was one of the eight opposing votes.
No
PIF
United States
In September 2011, President Barack Obama declared U.S. opposition to the bid in his speech to the General Assembly, saying that "genuine peace can only be realized between Israelis and Palestinians themselves", and that "[u]ltimately, it is Israelis and Palestinians – not us – who must reach an agreement on the issues that divide them". Obama told Abbas that the U.S. would veto any UN Security Council move to recognize Palestinian statehood. Presidents Donald Trump and Joe Biden have maintained that UNSC veto policy. In August 2025, U.S. Vice President JD Vance reaffirmed that the U.S. would not recognize Palestine, stating: "I don't know what it would mean to really recognise a Palestinian state, given the lack of functional government there."
Yes
G7, G20, NATO, OAS, UNSC (permanent); Palestine–United States relations
· States that do not recognize Palestine › Non-UN member states
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
Kosovo
Kosovo
Name
Kosovo
Relations
No
Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Name
Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Official position
The Order of Malta has relations at ambassador level with the Palestinian Authority.
Relations
Yes
Republic of China (Taiwan)
Republic of China (Taiwan)
Name
Republic of China (Taiwan)
Official position
Taiwan does not recognise the State of Palestine, while the government of Taiwan is "closely monitoring the latest developments on the issue" and calls on "all parties to show self-restraint ... and resolve differences through ongoing communication". On 22 September 2025, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) criticised a map released by the Permanent Observer Mission of Palestine colouring the island of Taiwan as "recognised", which suggested that Taiwan is part of China, and said that Taiwan "has no immediate plan to recognise a Palestinian state". MOFA also cited a strategic partnership between China and Palestine, in which Palestine affirmed that Taiwan is an "inalienable part of China's territory."
Relations
No
Relevant memberships
Palestine–Taiwan relations
Ranked list
Name
Official position
Relations
Relevant memberships
Kosovo
No
Sovereign Military Order of Malta
The Order of Malta has relations at ambassador level with the Palestinian Authority.
Yes
Republic of China (Taiwan)
Taiwan does not recognise the State of Palestine, while the government of Taiwan is "closely monitoring the latest developments on the issue" and calls on "all parties to show self-restraint ... and resolve differences through ongoing communication". On 22 September 2025, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) criticised a map released by the Permanent Observer Mission of Palestine colouring the island of Taiwan as "recognised", which suggested that Taiwan is part of China, and said that Taiwan "has no immediate plan to recognise a Palestinian state". MOFA also cited a strategic partnership between China and Palestine, in which Palestine affirmed that Taiwan is an "inalienable part of China's territory."
No
Palestine–Taiwan relations
· Multilateral treaties
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
Netherlands
Netherlands
Depositary country/organization
Netherlands
Depositary organ
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Number of treaties
1
Examples
Convention respecting the laws and customs of war on land
Date of first ratification/accession
2 April 2014
Russia
Russia
Depositary country/organization
Russia
Number of treaties
1
Examples
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
Date of first ratification/accession
10 February 2015
Switzerland
Switzerland
Depositary country/organization
Switzerland
Depositary organ
Federal Council
Number of treaties
7
Examples
Geneva Conventions and Protocols
Date of first ratification/accession
2 April 2014
UNESCO
UNESCO
Depositary country/organization
UNESCO
Depositary organ
Director-General
Number of treaties
8
Examples
Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage
Date of first ratification/accession
8 December 2011
United Nations
United Nations
Depositary country/organization
United Nations
Depositary organ
Secretary-General
Number of treaties
>50
Examples
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations,Statute of the International Criminal Court
Date of first ratification/accession
9 April 2014
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Depositary country/organization
United Kingdom
Depositary organ
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
Number of treaties
2
Examples
UNESCO Constitution,Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
Date of first ratification/accession
23 November 2011
Ranked list
Depositary country/organization
Depositary organ
Number of treaties
Examples
Date of first ratification/accession
Netherlands
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1
Convention respecting the laws and customs of war on land
2 April 2014
Russia
1
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
10 February 2015
Switzerland
Federal Council
7
Geneva Conventions and Protocols
2 April 2014
UNESCO
Director-General
8
Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage
8 December 2011
United Nations
Secretary-General
>50
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations,Statute of the International Criminal Court
9 April 2014
United Kingdom
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
2
UNESCO Constitution,Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
23 November 2011
References
Either with the Palestinian National Authority, the Palestine Liberation Organization, or the State of Palestine. The in
"Hundred and thirty-first Session: Item 9.4 of the provisional agenda, Request for the Admission of the State of Palestine to UNESCO as a Member State"
"Identical letters dated 2 April 2024 from the Permanent Representatives of Mauritania, Saudi Arabia and Uganda to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General, the President of the General Assembly and the President of the Security Council"
"Protocole de coopération entre le Ministère des Affaires Culturelles du Maroc et le Ministère de la Culture et de l'Information de l'Etat Palestinien"
"Reconhecimento do Estado Palestino nas Fronteiras de 1967 / Recognition of the Palestinian State along the 1967 Borders / Reconnaissance de l'Etat de Palestine dans les frontières de 1967"
"Statement ... on the decision of the Government of Israel regarding the construction of housing units at settlements in West Bank including East Jerusalem"
"Statement by Tuila'epa Sailele Malielegaoi Prime Minister of the Independent State of Samoa at the general debate of the 65th Session of the United Nations General Assembly"
