| Res. | Record | Opponent | Method | Event | Date | Round | Time | Location | Notes |
| Win | 17–0 | Charles Oliveira | KO (punches) | UFC 317 | June 28, 2025 | 1 | 2:27 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | Return to Lightweight. Won the vacant UFC Lightweight Championship. Performance of the Night. |
| Win | 16–0 | Max Holloway | KO (punches) | UFC 308 | October 26, 2024 | 3 | 1:34 | Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | Defended the UFC Featherweight Championship. Performance of the Night. Later vacated the title on April 12, 2025. |
| Win | 15–0 | Alexander Volkanovski | KO (punch) | UFC 298 | February 17, 2024 | 2 | 3:32 | Anaheim, California, United States | Won the UFC Featherweight Championship. Performance of the Night. |
| Win | 14–0 | Josh Emmett | Decision (unanimous) | UFC on ABC: Emmett vs. Topuria | June 24, 2023 | 5 | 5:00 | Jacksonville, Florida, United States | Fight of the Night. |
| Win | 13–0 | Bryce Mitchell | Submission (arm-triangle choke) | UFC 282 | December 10, 2022 | 2 | 3:10 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | Return to Featherweight. Performance of the Night. |
| Win | 12–0 | Jai Herbert | KO (punches) | UFC Fight Night: Volkov vs. Aspinall | March 19, 2022 | 2 | 1:07 | London, England | Lightweight debut. Performance of the Night. |
| Win | 11–0 | Ryan Hall | KO (punches) | UFC 264 | July 10, 2021 | 1 | 4:47 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | |
| Win | 10–0 | Damon Jackson | KO (punches) | UFC on ESPN: Hermansson vs. Vettori | December 5, 2020 | 1 | 2:38 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | |
| Win | 9–0 | Youssef Zalal | Decision (unanimous) | UFC Fight Night: Moraes vs. Sandhagen | October 11, 2020 | 3 | 5:00 | Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | |
| Win | 8–0 | Stephen Goncalves | KO (punches) | Brave CF 29 | November 15, 2019 | 1 | 3:42 | Isa Town, Bahrain | |
| Win | 7–0 | Luis Gomez | Submission (triangle straight armbar) | Brave CF 26 | September 7, 2019 | 1 | 1:15 | Bogotá, Colombia | Return to Featherweight. |
| Win | 6–0 | Brian Bouland | Technical Submission (anaconda choke) | Cage Warriors 94 | June 16, 2018 | 1 | 1:39 | Antwerp, Belgium | For the vacant Cage Warriors Bantamweight Championship; Topuria missed weight (139.4 lb) and was ineligible to win the title. |
| Win | 5–0 | Mika Hämäläinen | Submission (guillotine choke) | CAGE 43 | April 28, 2018 | 1 | 3:35 | Helsinki, Finland | Bantamweight debut. |
| Win | 4–0 | Jhon Guarin | Submission (guillotine choke) | Mix Fight Events 28 | November 5, 2016 | 2 | 2:50 | Valencia, Spain | Won the vacant MFE Featherweight Championship. |
| Win | 3–0 | Daniel Vasquez | Submission (rear-naked choke) | Mix Fight Events 26 | May 7, 2016 | 1 | 1:50 | Alicante, Spain | Catchweight (141 lb) bout. |
| Win | 2–0 | Kalil Martin El Chalibi | Submission (rear-naked choke) | Climent Show MMA 4 | May 9, 2015 | 1 | 1:03 | Alicante, Spain | |
| Win | 1–0 | Francisco Javier Asprilla | Submission (triangle choke) | Mix Fight Events 17 | April 4, 2015 | 1 | 3:30 | Valencia, Spain | Featherweight debut. |
