Human evolutionary genetics
Updated: 12/11/2025, 12:11:50 PM Wikipedia source
Human evolutionary genetics studies how one human genome differs from another human genome, the evolutionary past that gave rise to the human genome, and its current effects. Differences between genomes have anthropological, medical, historical and forensic implications and applications. Genetic data can provide important insights into human evolution.
Tables
Percentage sequence divergence between humans and other hominids[8] · Genetic differences between humans and other great apes › Sequence divergence between humans and apes
Alu elements
Alu elements
Locus
Alu elements
Human-Chimp
2
Human-Gorilla
-
Human-Orangutan
-
Non-coding (Chr. Y)
Non-coding (Chr. Y)
Locus
Non-coding (Chr. Y)
Human-Chimp
1.68 ± 0.19
Human-Gorilla
2.33 ± 0.2
Human-Orangutan
5.63 ± 0.35
Pseudogenes (autosomal)
Pseudogenes (autosomal)
Locus
Pseudogenes (autosomal)
Human-Chimp
1.64 ± 0.10
Human-Gorilla
1.87 ± 0.11
Human-Orangutan
-
Pseudogenes (Chr. X)
Pseudogenes (Chr. X)
Locus
Pseudogenes (Chr. X)
Human-Chimp
1.47 ± 0.17
Human-Gorilla
-
Human-Orangutan
-
Noncoding (autosomal)
Noncoding (autosomal)
Locus
Noncoding (autosomal)
Human-Chimp
1.24 ± 0.07
Human-Gorilla
1.62 ± 0.08
Human-Orangutan
3.08 ± 0.11
Genes (Ks)
Genes (Ks)
Locus
Genes (Ks)
Human-Chimp
1.11
Human-Gorilla
1.48
Human-Orangutan
2.98
Introns
Introns
Locus
Introns
Human-Chimp
0.93 ± 0.08
Human-Gorilla
1.23 ± 0.09
Human-Orangutan
-
Xq13.3
Xq13.3
Locus
Xq13.3
Human-Chimp
0.92 ± 0.10
Human-Gorilla
1.42 ± 0.12
Human-Orangutan
3.00 ± 0.18
Subtotal for X chromosome
Subtotal for X chromosome
Locus
Subtotal for X chromosome
Human-Chimp
1.16 ± 0.07
Human-Gorilla
1.47 ± 0.08
Human-Orangutan
-
Genes (Ka)
Genes (Ka)
Locus
Genes (Ka)
Human-Chimp
0.8
Human-Gorilla
0.93
Human-Orangutan
1.96
| Locus | Human-Chimp | Human-Gorilla | Human-Orangutan |
| Alu elements | 2 | - | - |
| Non-coding (Chr. Y) | 1.68 ± 0.19 | 2.33 ± 0.2 | 5.63 ± 0.35 |
| Pseudogenes (autosomal) | 1.64 ± 0.10 | 1.87 ± 0.11 | - |
| Pseudogenes (Chr. X) | 1.47 ± 0.17 | - | - |
| Noncoding (autosomal) | 1.24 ± 0.07 | 1.62 ± 0.08 | 3.08 ± 0.11 |
| Genes (Ks) | 1.11 | 1.48 | 2.98 |
| Introns | 0.93 ± 0.08 | 1.23 ± 0.09 | - |
| Xq13.3 | 0.92 ± 0.10 | 1.42 ± 0.12 | 3.00 ± 0.18 |
| Subtotal for X chromosome | 1.16 ± 0.07 | 1.47 ± 0.08 | - |
| Genes (Ka) | 0.8 | 0.93 | 1.96 |
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