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Henry, King of Portugal

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Henry, King of Portugal

Henry (Portuguese: Henrique [ẽˈʁikɨ]; 31 January 1512 – 31 January 1580), dubbed the Chaste (Portuguese: o Casto) and the Cardinal-King (Portuguese: o Cardeal-Rei), was King of Portugal and an inquisitor and cardinal of the Catholic Church, who ruled Portugal between 1578 and 1580. As a clergyman, he was bound to celibacy, and as such, had no children to succeed him, and thus put an end to the reigning House of Aviz. His death led to the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580 and ultimately to the 60-year Iberian Union that saw Portugal share a monarch with Habsburg Spain. The next independent monarch of Portugal would be John IV, who restored the throne after 60 years of Spanish rule. He was the only cardinal to have served as a monarch.

Infobox

Reign
4 August 1578 – 31 January 1580
Coronation
28 August 1578, Lisbon
Predecessor
Sebastian
Successor
Anthony (disputed) or Philip I
Born
31 January 1512Lisbon, Portugal
Died
31 January 1580 (aged 68)Almeirim, Portugal
Burial
Jerónimos Monastery
Dynasty
Aviz
Father
Manuel I of Portugal
Mother
Maria of Aragon
Religion
Catholicism

Tables

· External links
Regnal titles
Regnal titles
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Regnal titles
Preceded bySebastian
Preceded bySebastian
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Preceded bySebastian
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
King of Portugal 1578–1580
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Succeeded byAnthony or Philip I
Catholic Church titles
Catholic Church titles
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Catholic Church titles
Preceded byDiogo de Sousa
Preceded byDiogo de Sousa
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Preceded byDiogo de Sousa
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Archbishop of Braga 1533–1539
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Succeeded byDiego da Silva
Preceded byCardinal-Infante Afonso of Portugalas Bishop of Evora
Preceded byCardinal-Infante Afonso of Portugalas Bishop of Evora
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Preceded byCardinal-Infante Afonso of Portugalas Bishop of Evora
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Archbishop of Evora 1540–1564
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Succeeded byJoão de Melo
Preceded byFernando de Menezes Coutinho e Vasconcellos
Preceded byFernando de Menezes Coutinho e Vasconcellos
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Preceded byFernando de Menezes Coutinho e Vasconcellos
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Archbishop of Lisboa 1564–1569
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Succeeded byJorge de Almeida
Preceded byJoão de Melo
Preceded byJoão de Melo
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Preceded byJoão de Melo
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Archbishop of Evora 1574–1578
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Succeeded byTeotónio de Bragança
Henry, King of Portugal House of AvizCadet branch of the House of BurgundyBorn: 31 January 1512 Died: 31 January 1580
Regnal titles
Preceded bySebastian
King of Portugal 1578–1580
Succeeded byAnthony or Philip I
Catholic Church titles
Preceded byDiogo de Sousa
Archbishop of Braga 1533–1539
Succeeded byDiego da Silva
Preceded byCardinal-Infante Afonso of Portugalas Bishop of Evora
Archbishop of Evora 1540–1564
Succeeded byJoão de Melo
Preceded byFernando de Menezes Coutinho e Vasconcellos
Archbishop of Lisboa 1564–1569
Succeeded byJorge de Almeida
Preceded byJoão de Melo
Archbishop of Evora 1574–1578
Succeeded byTeotónio de Bragança

References

  1. Henry's brother Alonso had also been made a cardinal, in 1517 at the age of eight.
  2. As King, Cardinal Henry deprecated the manner of address of "Your Majesty", considering it to be appropriate only when a
  3. McMurdo 1889, pp. 113–114.
  4. Pacheco 2017, p. 204.
  5. Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church: Enrique de Portugal
    https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1545.htm#Portugal
  6. Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church: Alonso de Portugal )
    https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1517-ii.htm#Portugal
  7. Disney 2009, p. 174
  8. McMurdo 1889, p. 165.
  9. McMurdo 1889, pp. 220–221.
  10. MacKay 2012, p. 44
  11. Disney 2009, p. 176
  12. Disney 2009, pp. 193–195.
  13. Disney 2009, p. 195.
  14. Stephens 1903, pp. 283–284.
  15. Encyclopædia Britannica
    https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Emanuel_I.
  16. Isabel the Queen: Life and Times
    https://books.google.com/books?id=_krkCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT11
  17. Stephens 1903, p. 139
  18. Encyclopædia Britannica
    https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Ferdinand_V._of_Castile_and_Leon_and_II._of_Aragon
  19. Isabella I, Queen of Spain at the Encyclopædia Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/295037
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