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Hattie McDaniel

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Hattie McDaniel

Hattie McDaniel (June 10, 1893 – October 26, 1952) was an African-American actress, singer-songwriter, and comedian. For her role as Mammy in Gone with the Wind (1939), she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, becoming the first African American to win an Oscar. She has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, was inducted into the Black Filmmakers Hall of Fame in 1975, and in 2006 became the first black Oscar winner honored with a U.S. postage stamp. In 2010, she was inducted into the Colorado Women's Hall of Fame. In addition to acting, McDaniel recorded 16 blues sides between 1926 and 1929 and was a radio performer and television personality; she was the first black woman to sing on radio in the United States. Although she appeared in more than 300 films, she received on-screen credits for only 83. Her best known other major films are Alice Adams, In This Our Life, Since You Went Away, and Song of the South. McDaniel experienced racism and racial segregation throughout her career, and as a result, she was unable to attend the premiere of Gone with the Wind in Atlanta because it was held in a whites-only theater. At the Oscars ceremony in Los Angeles, she sat at a segregated table at the side of the room. In 1952, McDaniel died of breast cancer. Her final wish, to be buried in Hollywood Cemetery, was denied because at the time of her death, the graveyard was reserved for whites only.

Infobox

Born
(1893-06-10)June 10, 1893Wichita, Kansas, U.S.
Died
October 26, 1952(1952-10-26) (aged 59)Hospital of the Motion Picture House, San Fernando Valley, California, U.S.
Resting place
Angelus-Rosedale Cemetery, Los Angeles
Occupation(s)
Actress, singer-songwriter and comedian
Years active
1920–1952
Spouses
mw- Howard Hickman (m. 1911; died 1915) George Langford (m. 1922; died 1925) James Lloyd Crawford (m. 1941; div. 1945) Larry Williams (m. 1949; div. 1950)
Relatives
Etta McDaniel (sister)Sam McDaniel (brother)
Occupations
Actress, singer-songwriter and comedian

Tables

· Filmography › Film
1932
Role(s)
Injured Patient
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Aunt Fatima – Singer
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Maid
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Caroline the Cook
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Maid in Ladies' Room
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Cora, Helen's Maid in New Orleans
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Mammy Lou
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Powder Room Attendant
Notes
uncredited
1933
Role(s)
Woman in Apartment House
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Tira's Maid-Manicurist
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Edna the Maid
Notes
uncredited
1934
Role(s)
Bunny's Maid
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Tessie – the Ransome Maid
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Annie
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Black Narcissus Mop Buyer
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Aunt Dilsey
Role(s)
Woman at Funeral
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Minor Role
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Ida Johnson
Role(s)
Rosalie, the Maid
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Asia
Notes
uncredited
1935
Role(s)
Mom Beck
Role(s)
Servant
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Martha Smith
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Isabel McCarthy, Dolly's Maid
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Malena Burns
Role(s)
Liza, the Cook
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Isabella – the Cook
Role(s)
Hattie
Role(s)
Nellie – Sheila's Maid
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Molly, Martin's Maid
Notes
uncredited
1936
Role(s)
Hanna
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Dora
Role(s)
Maid
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Kitty Silvers
Role(s)
Queenie
Role(s)
Hattie
Role(s)
Mamie – Carolyn's Maid
Role(s)
Deborah
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Hattie
Role(s)
Ellen Belle
Role(s)
Maid in Grand Plaza Hall
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Lizzie
Role(s)
Sadie
1937
Role(s)
Abby
Role(s)
Mamie, Nancy's Maid
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Ambrosia
Role(s)
Pearl
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Rosetta
Role(s)
Maid
Role(s)
Jenny
Role(s)
Hannah
Role(s)
Maid
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Mrs. Walker
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Beulah
Role(s)
Hattie
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Ella
Mississippi Moods
1938
Role(s)
Agatha
Role(s)
Hattie – Maid at Prom Dance
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Martha
Role(s)
Hattie
Notes
uncredited
Role(s)
Hilda
Role(s)
Belvedere
1939
Role(s)
Hattie
Role(s)
Dehlia
Role(s)
Mammy – House Servant
Notes
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
1940
Role(s)
Aunt Carrie
1941
Role(s)
Violet
Role(s)
Cynthia
1942
Role(s)
Cleota
Role(s)
Minerva Clay
Role(s)
Hester, the Fullers' Maid
1943
Role(s)
Aida
Role(s)
Gossip in 'Ice Cold Katie' Number
1944
Role(s)
Fidelia
Role(s)
April – Conway's Maid
Role(s)
Maid
Role(s)
Millie
1946
Role(s)
April
Role(s)
Cynthia
Role(s)
Cozie
Role(s)
Aunt Tempy
1947
Role(s)
Celia
1948
Role(s)
Bertha
Role(s)
Phyllis
1949
Role(s)
Minnie
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1932
Love Bound
Impatient Maiden
Injured Patient
uncredited
Are You Listening?
Aunt Fatima – Singer
uncredited
The Washington Masquerade
Maid
uncredited
The Boiling Point
Caroline the Cook
uncredited
Crooner
Maid in Ladies' Room
uncredited
Blonde Venus
Cora, Helen's Maid in New Orleans
uncredited
The Golden West
Mammy Lou
uncredited
Hypnotized
Powder Room Attendant
uncredited
1933
Hello, Sister
Woman in Apartment House
uncredited
I'm No Angel
Tira's Maid-Manicurist
uncredited
Goodbye Love
Edna the Maid
uncredited
1934
Merry Wives of Reno
Bunny's Maid
uncredited
City Park
Tessie – the Ransome Maid
uncredited
Operator 13
Annie
uncredited
King Kelly of the U.S.A.
Black Narcissus Mop Buyer
uncredited
Judge Priest
Aunt Dilsey
Imitation of Life
Woman at Funeral
uncredited
Flirtation
Minor Role
uncredited
Lost in the Stratosphere
Ida Johnson
Babbitt
Rosalie, the Maid
uncredited
Little Men
Asia
uncredited
1935
The Little Colonel
Mom Beck
Transient Lady
Servant
uncredited
Traveling Saleslady
Martha Smith
uncredited
China Seas
Isabel McCarthy, Dolly's Maid
uncredited
Alice Adams
Malena Burns
Harmony Lane
Liza, the Cook
uncredited
Murder by Television
Isabella – the Cook
Music Is Magic
Hattie
Another Face
Nellie – Sheila's Maid
uncredited
We're Only Human
Molly, Martin's Maid
uncredited
1936
Next Time We Love
Hanna
uncredited
The First Baby
Dora
The Singing Kid
Maid
uncredited
Gentle Julia
Kitty Silvers
Show Boat
Queenie
High Tension
Hattie
The Bride Walks Out
Mamie – Carolyn's Maid
Postal Inspector
Deborah
uncredited
Star for a Night
Hattie
Valiant Is the Word for Carrie
Ellen Belle
Libeled Lady
Maid in Grand Plaza Hall
uncredited
Can This Be Dixie?
Lizzie
Reunion
Sadie
1937
Racing Lady
Abby
Don't Tell the Wife
Mamie, Nancy's Maid
uncredited
The Crime Nobody Saw
Ambrosia
The Wildcatter
Pearl
uncredited
· Filmography › Film
1934
Role(s)
Maid
Notes
Mickey's Rescue
Fate's Fathead
Role(s)
Mandy – the Maid
Notes
uncredited
The Chases of Pimple Street
Role(s)
Hattie, Gertrude's Maid
1935
Okay Toots!
Role(s)
Hattie – the Maid
Notes
uncredited
Wig-Wag
Role(s)
Cook
The Four Star Boarder
Role(s)
Maid
1935-1936
Role(s)
Our Gang
Notes
Mandy, the Maid
Buckwheat's Mother
Role(s)
Arbor Day
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1934
Mickey McGuire
Maid
Mickey's Rescue
Fate's Fathead
Mandy – the Maid
uncredited
The Chases of Pimple Street
Hattie, Gertrude's Maid
1935
Okay Toots!
Hattie – the Maid
uncredited
Wig-Wag
Cook
The Four Star Boarder
Maid
1935-1936
Our Gang
Mandy, the Maid
Anniversary Trouble
Buckwheat's Mother
Arbor Day
· Filmography › Television
1952
Role(s)
Beulah
Notes
6 episodes
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1952
Beulah
Beulah
6 episodes
· Filmography › Radio
1926
Melony Hounds
Role(s)
Station KOA, Denver,
1931
The Optimistic Do-Nut Hour
Role(s)
Station KNX, Los Angeles
1941
Role(s)
No Time for Comedy
Year
Program
Episode/source
1926
Melony Hounds
Station KOA, Denver,
1931
The Optimistic Do-Nut Hour
Station KNX, Los Angeles
1941
Gulf Screen Guild Theatre
No Time for Comedy
1944
Amos 'n' Andy
1947
The Beulah Show
· Discography
Merrit Records
Merrit Records
Label
Merrit Records
Title
"Brown-Skinned Baby Doll" / "Quittin' My Man"
Recorded
06/26
Format
Unissued
Catalogue no.
Merrit 2202
Okeh Records
Okeh Records
Label
Okeh Records
Title
"I Wish I Had Somebody" /" Boo Hoo Blues"
Recorded
11/10/26
Format
78 rpm
Catalogue no.
Okeh 9899/9900
Paramount Records
Paramount Records
Label
Paramount Records
Title
"Dentist Chair Blues Part 1" / "Dentist Chair Blues Part 2" (with Papa Charlie Jackson)
Recorded
03/??/29
Format
78 rpm
Catalogue no.
Paramount 12751 A/12751 B
Label
Title
Recorded
Format
Catalogue no.
Merrit Records
"Brown-Skinned Baby Doll" / "Quittin' My Man"
06/26
Unissued
Merrit 2202
Okeh Records
"I Wish I Had Somebody" /" Boo Hoo Blues"
11/10/26
78 rpm
Okeh 9899/9900
"Wonderful Dream/ "Lonely Heart"
11/17/26
Unissued
Okeh W80845/W80846
"Sam Henry Blues" / "Poor Boy Blues"
05/10/27
Unissued
Okeh W80852/W80853
"I Thought I'd Do It" / "Just One Sorrowing Heart"
12/14/27
78 rpm
Okeh W82061/W82062
"Sam Henry Blues" / "Destroyin Blues"
12/14/27
Unissued
Okeh W82063/W82064
Paramount Records
"Dentist Chair Blues Part 1" / "Dentist Chair Blues Part 2" (with Papa Charlie Jackson)
03/??/29
78 rpm
Paramount 12751 A/12751 B
"That New Love Maker Of Mine" / "Any Kind Of Man Would Be Better Than You"
03/??/29
78 rpm
Paramount 17290

References

  1. Citing photograph of guests at 12th Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences Awards banquet (1939), Margaret Herrick Li
  2. Three of McDaniel's episodes are available on videocassette and on the Internet.
  3. Ancestry.com
    https://www.ancestry.com/search/categories/35/?name=Hattie_Mcdaniel&birth=1895_kansas-usa_19&birth_x=0-0-0_1-0&count=50&name_x=1_1
  4. Biography.com
    https://www.biography.com/people/hattie-mcdaniel-38433
  5. Hollywood Walk of Fame
    https://walkoffame.com/hattie-mcdaniel/
  6. USPS.com
    https://web.archive.org/web/20080707100527/http://www.usps.com/communications/news/stamps/2006/sr06_005.htm
  7. cogreatwomen.org
    https://www.cogreatwomen.org/project/hattie-mcdaniel/
  8. MTV.com
    https://web.archive.org/web/20050324031925/http://www.mtv.com/movies/person/27363/bio.jhtml
  9. Jackson 1993.
  10. Blackclassicmovies.com
    https://web.archive.org/web/20130524233831/http://www.blackclassicmovies.com/articles/people/hattie-mcdaniel.html
  11. The Georgia Historical Quarterly
    https://www.jstor.org/stable/40582221
  12. Watts 2005a, pp. 5, 11, 16–17.
  13. 1895 Kansas State Census. Microfilm reels K-1 – K-169. Kansas State Historical Society
  14. coloradovirtuallibrary.org
    https://www.coloradovirtuallibrary.org/digital-colorado/colorado-histories/20th-century/hattie-mcdaniel-actress/
  15. Jackson 1993, p. 4.
  16. Watts 2005a, p. 22.
  17. "A look at Black history: Hattie McDaniel of 'Gone with the Wind' once lived in Fort Collins"
    https://www.reporterherald.com/2022/02/18/a-look-at-black-history-hattie-mcdaniel-of-gone-with-the-wind-once-lived-in-fort-collins/
  18. Icons of Black America: Breaking Barriers and Crossing Boundaries
    https://books.google.com/books?id=RSGhEUq5bp0C&pg=PA585
  19. Hattie: The Life of Hattie McDaniel
  20. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Margaret Herrick Library
    https://collections.new.oscars.org/Details/Archive/70043581
  21. Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons
    https://books.google.com/books?id=7-DgDAAAQBAJ&q=Samuel+Rufus+McDaniel&pg=PA497
  22. AllMovie.com
    https://www.allmovie.com/movie/the-three-stooges--heavenly-daze-v139447/cast-crew
  23. Watts 2005a, p. 49.
  24. Lyman 2005.
  25. Watts 2005a, p. 57.
  26. Discography of Okeh Records, 1918–1934
  27. All Music Guide to the Blues: The Definitive Guide to the Blues
  28. Watts 2005a, pp. 63–64.
  29. Jackson 1993, p. 16.
  30. Jackson 1993, p. 17.
  31. Jackson 1993, p. 18.
  32. Jackson 1993, p. 19.
  33. Watts 2005a, pp. 36, 89.
  34. Watts 2005a, p. 89.
  35. Jackson 1993, pp. 20–21.
  36. Jackson 1993, p. 22.
  37. Watts 2005a, pp. 93–94.
  38. Watts 2005a, p. 114.
  39. Watts 2005a, pp. 100–103.
  40. Watts 2005a, p. 116.
  41. Watts 2005a, p. 184.
  42. Supporting Actors in Motion Pictures
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  43. Astaire & Rogers
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  44. Watts 2005a, pp. 120, 122, 184.
  45. Watts 2005a, p. 130.
  46. Watts 2005a, pp. 189, 285.
  47. Watts 2005a, pp. 162, 166, 168.
  48. Watts 2005a, pp. n1, 151–153, 156.
  49. Watts 2005a, pp. 114–115.
  50. Watts 2005a, pp. 116–117.
  51. Katharine Hepburn
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  52. Watts 2005a, p. 151.
  53. Harris 2002, p. 203.
  54. Harris 2002, p. 211.
  55. "Gone with the Wind Premiere", Time, December 25, 1939.
    https://web.archive.org/web/20070930214636/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,762137-1,00.html
  56. Bridges, Herb (1999). Gone with the Wind: The Three-day Premiere in Atlanta. Mercer University Press. ISBN 0-86554-672-X
  57. Watts 2005a, p. 172.
  58. Lyman 2005, p. 161.
  59. Lotchin, Roger W. (1999). The Way We Really Were: The Golden State in the Second Great War. University of Illinois Press
  60. Carter 2011, pp. 114, n. 40, p. 115, n. 47.
  61. Watts 2005a, pp. 188–190.
  62. Carter 2011, pp. 199–120, n. 40.
  63. The Times
    https://go.gale.com/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=Newspapers&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&retrievalId=e666cc5b-6a39-4224-9abf-d6b9a37d50d6&hitCount=59&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=2&docId=GALE%7CCS68630162&docType=Review&sort=Pub+Date+Forward+Chron&contentSegment=ZTMA-MOD1&prodId=TTDA&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CCS68630162&searchId=R9&userGroupName=64wcl&inPS=true
  64. See and hear Hattie McDaniel acceptance speech at the end of this video.
    https://archive.org/details/Melmorg-HATTIEMcDANIELGetsAStamp845/
  65. Jackson 1993, p. 52.
  66. Carter 2011, pp. 109, n. 08.
  67. The Hollywood Reporter
    http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/oscars-first-black-winner-accepted-774335
  68. Carter 2011, pp. 115–116.
  69. Blackhistory.com
    https://www.blackhistory.com/2019/07/hattie-mcdaniel-first-black-actress-win-oscar-sit-back-room-during-ceremony.html
  70. Carter 2011, pp. 115–119.
  71. "American Film Institute"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110716071157/http://connect.afi.com/site/PageServer?pagename=micro_100landing
  72. Watts 2005a, p. 206.
  73. Time
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  75. Watts 2005a, pp. 245, 247.
  76. Watts 2005a, p. 262.
  77. Watts 2005a, p. 265.
  78. Smith, Milton A. (1951). "Offensive to GIs, Banned: Army Drops 'Beulah' Show Taken Off Air After Fighters Complain". Bal
  79. Watts 2005a, pp. 263, 270.
  80. Watts 2005a, p. 268.
  81. Marriage Records. Colorado Marriages. State Archives
  82. Franklin's Paper the Statesman
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/franklins-paper-the-statesman-hattie-mc/143619166/
  83. The Denver Star
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-denver-star-obituary-for-howard-hick/132718972/
  84. Jackson 1993, p. 12–13.
  85. Time
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  86. Time
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  87. Long Beach Press-Telegram, Long Beach, California, December 6, 1950.
  88. The Hollywood Reporter
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160301065948/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/oscars-first-black-winner-accepted-774335
  89. "Hattie McDaniel and the Negro Division of the Hollywood Victory Committee"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20101209000623/http://cghs.dade.k12.fl.us/african-american/reconstruct/hattie_mcdaniel.htm
  90. Watts 2005a, p. 210.
  91. "Network and Local Radio Listings"
    https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=jBZlAAAAIBAJ&pg=932,297134
  92. Watts 2005a, p. 126.
  93. Curbed LA
    https://la.curbed.com/2018/2/22/16979700/west-adams-history-segregation-housing-covenants
  94. Watts 2005a, p. 257.
  95. The Call
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-call-first-sigma-gamma-rho-chapter-f/143666947/
  96. Watts 2005a, p. 271.
  97. The Los Angeles Times
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times-obituary-for-hatti/97440828/
  98. Pasadena Independent
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/pasadena-independent/143667458/
  99. Associated Press, First black to win Oscar to get part of final wish, The Frederick Post, Frederick, Maryland, Monday, O
  100. "Hattie McDaniel"
    https://hollywoodforever.com/story/hattie-mcdaniel/
  101. Wilson, Scott. Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Location 31275). M
  102. "The Memorial to Actress Hattie McDaniel at Hollywood Forever Memorial Park"
    http://www.cemeteryguide.com/mcdaniel.html
  103. "And Hattie McDaniel's Oscar went to .... ? 1940 prize, Howard U. play roles in mystery". The Washington Post, May 26, 2
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/05/25/AR2010052501844.html
  104. Carter 2011, pp. 136–137.
  105. Carter 2011, p. 129.
  106. Carter 2011, p. 139.
  107. "Where is Hattie McDaniel's Oscar?"
    http://www.sfltimes.com/uncategorized/where-is-hattie-mcdaniels-oscar
  108. Variety
    https://variety.com/2023/film/awards/hattie-mcdaniel-replacement-oscar-gone-with-the-wind-1235735608/
  109. Carter 2011, pp. 122–23.
  110. Carter 2011, pp. 117, n. 67.
  111. Cleveland Gazette
  112. CBSnews.com
    https://web.archive.org/web/20080514053332/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/01/26/ap/entertainment/mainD8FC6TRO1.shtml
  113. Carter 2011, p. 123.
  114. Watts 2005a, p. 129.
  115. Watts 2005a, pp. 226–227.
  116. In Harlem and Hollywood, Long Is the Way and Hard
    https://doi.org/10.2307%2Fj.ctt1ffjf5m.6
  117. Los Angeles Times
  118. "Gone with the Wind: Hollywood Walk of Fame Stars"
    http://www.destinationhollywood.com/movies/gonewiththewind/funfeatures_content.shtml
  119. Ferguson, Carroy U. (2004). Transitions in Consciousness from an African American Perspective. Lanham, Maryland: Univers
  120. "Karla Burns: Broadway to Vegas, May 30, 2004"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200414161726/http://www.broadwaytovegas.com/May
  121. Karla Burns Reprises Role Of Famous Wichitan Hattie McDaniel In 'Hi-Hat Hattie'
  122. "2001–2002 Daytime Emmy Awards"
    http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0903381.html
  123. "Hattie McDaniel, First African American to Win an Academy Award, Featured on New 39-cent Postage Stamp"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20080707100527/http://www.usps.com/communications/news/stamps/2006/sr06_005.htm
  124. USA Philatelic
  125. The New Yorker
    https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2004/05/10/hattie-mcdaniel-arrives-at-the-coconut-grove
  126. "Hattie McDaniel Arrives at the Coconut Grove"
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OJwknJY_i4o
  127. jezebel
    http://jezebel.com/5487757/the-flower-in-moniques-hair-hattie-mcdaniel-tribute
  128. Netflix.com
    https://www.netflix.com/title/81088617
  129. PBS
    https://www.pbsbooks.org/event/author-talk-with-reshonda-tate/
  130. Broadway World
    https://www.broadwayworld.com/houston/article/Hattie-McDaniel-Biopic-Sets-Houston-Film-Premiere-This-Month-20241007
  131. Altfg.com
    https://www.altfg.com/film/hattie-mcdaniel/
  132. "Howard University Can't Find McDaniel Oscar", Jet, May 4, 1992, p. 24.
  133. Jet
  134. HuffPost
    https://www.huffpost.com/entry/oscar-time-for-hattie-mcd_b_60228
  135. Carter 2011, pp. 107–171.
  136. Watts 2005a, p. 328.
  137. West Adams Heritage Association
    https://westadamsheritage.org/west-adams-heights-historic-neighborhood-faces-challenges
  138. Time
    https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,776487,00.html
  139. Case Text
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210117042505/https://casetext.com/case/wright-v-incline-vill-gen-improvement-dist
  140. Watts 2005a, p. 212.
  141. radioGOLDINdex
    https://radiogoldin.library.umkc.edu/Home/RadioGoldin_Records?searchString=Abel,%20Walter&type=Artists
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