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Harvey Milk

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Harvey Milk

Harvey Bernard Milk (May 22, 1930 – November 27, 1978) was an American politician and the first openly gay man to be elected to public office in California, as a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. Milk was born and raised in New York. He acknowledged his homosexuality in adolescence, but secretly pursued sexual relationships well into adulthood. The counterculture of the 1960s caused him to shed many of his conservative views about individual freedom and sexual expression. Milk moved to San Francisco in 1972 and opened a camera store. After holding an assortment of jobs and frequently changing addresses, he settled in the Castro, a neighborhood that was experiencing a mass immigration of gay men and lesbians. He ran for city supervisor in 1973, but the existing gay political establishment resisted him. Milk's campaign was compared to theater due to his personality, earning media attention and votes, although not enough to be elected. He campaigned again in the next two supervisor elections, dubbing himself the "Mayor of Castro Street". The voter response caused him to also run for the California State Assembly. Due to his growing popularity, he led the gay rights movement in battles against anti-gay initiatives. Milk was elected city supervisor in 1977 after San Francisco began to choose neighborhood representatives rather than city-wide ones. During Milk's almost eleven months in office, he sponsored a bill banning discrimination based on sexual orientation in public accommodations, housing, and employment. The supervisors passed the bill by a vote of 11–1, and Mayor George Moscone signed it into law. On November 27, 1978, Milk and Moscone were assassinated by Dan White, a disgruntled former city supervisor who cast the sole vote against Milk's bill. Despite his short political career, Milk became an icon in San Francisco and a martyr in the LGBTQ community. In 2002, Milk was called "the most famous and most significant openly LGBTQ official ever elected in the United States". Anne Kronenberg, his final campaign manager, wrote of him: "What set Harvey apart from you or me was that he was a visionary. He imagined a righteous world inside his head and then he set about to create it for real, for all of us." Milk was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009.

Infobox

Preceded by
Constituency established
Succeeded by
Harry Britt
Born
Harvey Bernard Milk(1930-05-22)May 22, 1930Woodmere, New York, U.S.
Died
November 27, 1978(1978-11-27) (aged 48)San Francisco, California, U.S.
Manner of death
Assassination
Political party
Democratic (from 1972)
Other politicalaffiliations
Republican (before 1972)
Relatives
Stuart Milk (nephew)
Education
State University of New York, Albany (BA)
Awards
Presidential Medal of Freedom (2009, posthumously)
Allegiance
United States
Branch/service
United States Navy
Years of service
1951–1955
Rank
Lieutenant (junior grade)
Unit
USS Kittiwake (ASR-13)
Party
Democratic (from 1972)

Tables

· External links
New constituency
New constituency
Political offices
New constituency
Political offices
Member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisorsfrom the 5th district 1978
Political offices
Succeeded byHarry Britt
Political offices
New constituency
Member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisorsfrom the 5th district 1978
Succeeded byHarry Britt

References

  1. Milk was described as a martyr by news outlets as early as 1979, by biographer Randy Shilts in 1982, and University of S
    https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-10-22-mn-12272-story.html
  2. While Milk said numerous times that he was dishonorably discharged and claimed it was because he was gay, for a number o
  3. In addition to his concerns over Rodwell's activism, Milk believed that Rodwell had given him gonorrhea. (Carter, pp. 31
  4. Gain further alienated the SFPD by attending a raucous party in 1977 called the Hooker's Ball. The party grew out of con
  5. Sipple's case was eventually rejected in 1984 in a California court of appeals. Sipple, who was wounded in the head in V
  6. Bryant agreed to an interview with Playboy magazine, in which she was quoted saying that the civil rights ordinance "wou
  7. Two gay politicians were already in office: lesbian Massachusetts State Representative Elaine Noble and Minnesota State
  8. Despite White's financial strain, he had recently voted against a pay raise for city supervisors that would have given h
  9. Though Feinstein was known to carry a handgun in her purse, she afterwards became a proponent of gun control. In 1993, F
  10. The Harvey Milk Recreational Arts Center is headquarters for the drama and performing arts programs for the city's youth
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