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Gujarat

Updated: Wikipedia source

Gujarat

Gujarat (Gujarati: Gujarāt, pronounced [ˈɡudʒəɾaːt] ) is a state along the western coast of India. Its coastline of about 2,340 km (1,450 mi) is the longest in the country, most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula. Gujarat is the fifth-largest Indian state by area, covering some 196,024 km2 (75,685 sq mi); and the ninth-most populous state, with a population of 60.4 million in 2011. It is bordered by Rajasthan to the northeast, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu to the south, Maharashtra to the southeast, Madhya Pradesh to the east, and the Arabian Sea and the Pakistani province of Sindh to the west. Gujarat's capital city is Gandhinagar, while its largest city is Ahmedabad. The Gujaratis are indigenous to the state, and their language, Gujarati, is the state's official language. The state encompasses 23 sites of the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation (more than any other state). The most important sites are Lothal (the world's first dry dock), Dholavira (the fifth largest site), and Gola Dhoro (where five uncommon seals were found). Lothal is believed to have been one of the world's first seaports. Gujarat's coastal cities, chiefly Bharuch and Khambhat, served as ports and trading centres in the Maurya and Gupta empires, and during the succession of royal Saka dynasties in the Western Satraps era. Along with Bihar, Mizoram and Nagaland, Gujarat is one of four Indian states to prohibit the sale of alcohol. The Gir National Park in Gujarat is home to the only wild population of the Asiatic lion in the world. The economy of Gujarat is the fifth-largest in India, with a gross state domestic product (GSDP) of ₹16.55 trillion (equivalent to ₹19 trillion or US$220 billion in 2023) and has the country's 10th-highest GSDP per capita of ₹215,000 (US$2,500). Gujarat has the highest exports of all states, accounting for around one-third of national exports. It ranks 21st among Indian states and union territories in human development index. The world's largest data center will also be built in Jamnagar, Gujarat, by Reliance Industries. Gujarat is regarded as one of the most industrialised states and has a low unemployment rate. The state has one of the lowest crime rates, with Ahmedabad, Vadodara and Surat crowned among the five safest cities in India.

Infobox

Country
India
Region
West India
Previously was
Bombay State
Formation (by bifurcation)
1 May 1960
Capital
Gandhinagar
Largest city
Ahmedabad
Largest metro
Ahmedabad
Districts
34
• Body
Government of Gujarat
• Governor
Acharya Devvrat
• Chief Minister
Bhupendrabhai Patel (BJP)
• Deputy Chief Minister
Harsh Sanghavi (BJP)
State Legislature
Unicameral
• Assembly
Gujarat Legislative Assembly (182 seats)
National Parliament
Parliament of India
• Rajya Sabha
11 seats
• Lok Sabha
26 seats
High Court
Gujarat High Court
• Total
60,439,692
• Rank
4th
• Length
590 km (370 mi)
• Width
500 km (310 mi)
Highest elevation (Girnar)
1,145 m (3,757 ft)
Lowest elevation (Arabian Sea)
0 m (0 ft)
• Density
308/km2 (800/sq mi)
• Urban
42.6%
• Rural
57.4%
Demonym
Gujarati
• Official
mw- .inline, .inline dl, .inline ol, .inline ul, dl dl, dl ol, dl ul, ol dl, ol ol dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd ol li GujaratiHindi
• Official script
Gujarati scriptDevanagari script
• Total (2024–2025)
₹2,672,072 crore (US$320 billion)
• Per capita
₹336,875 (US$4,000) (11th)
Time zone
UTC 05:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 code
IN-GJ
Vehicle registration
GJ
HDI (2022)
0.646 } }Medium (25th)
Literacy (2024)
84.6% (20th)
Sex ratio (2011)
919♀/1000 ♂ (16th)
Website
gujaratindia.gov.in
Song
Jai Jai Garavi Gujarat (Gujarati)"Victory to Proud Gujarat"
Foundation day
Gujarat Day
Bird
Greater flamingo
Fish
Blackspotted croaker
Flower
Marigold
Fruit
Mango
Mammal
Asiatic lion
Tree
Banyan

Tables

· Divisions
North Gujarat
North Gujarat
Divisions
North Gujarat
Headquarters
Patan
Districts
7
Central Gujarat
Central Gujarat
Divisions
Central Gujarat
Headquarters
Ahmedabad
Districts
8
South Gujarat
South Gujarat
Divisions
South Gujarat
Headquarters
Surat
Districts
7
Saurashtra – Kutch
Saurashtra – Kutch
Divisions
Saurashtra – Kutch
Headquarters
Rajkot
Districts
12
Divisions
Headquarters
Districts
North Gujarat
Patan
7
Central Gujarat
Ahmedabad
8
South Gujarat
Surat
7
Saurashtra – Kutch
Rajkot
12

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