Gaza peace plan

The Gaza peace plan, officially the Comprehensive Plan to End the Gaza Conflict, is a multilateral agreement between Israel and Hamas that aims to address the ongoing Gaza war and broader Middle Eastern crisis. Led by United States president Donald Trump, it was negotiated in consultation with many Arab and Muslim countries. The plan was announced by Trump on September 29, 2025, during a press conference at the White House alongside Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu. It was signed on October 9, coming into effect the following day, and was endorsed by the United Nations Security Council on November 17. After the 2005 Israeli disengagement from the Gaza Strip Hamas won elections in 2006 and formed a government, first alone and then in a grand coalition with Fatah, but later seized Gaza in 2007. Since then, repeated clashes with Israel have escalated into major conflicts, culminating in the October 7 attacks by Hamas in 2023, which triggered a large-scale Israeli military campaign and genocide in Gaza. Interim ceasefires in late 2023 and early 2025 collapsed. The Gaza peace plan calls for an immediate ceasefire, the return of all hostages, prisoner exchanges, the demilitarization of the Gaza Strip, the deployment of the International Stabilization Force, transitional governance by Palestinian technocrats under international supervision, large-scale reconstruction, and a conditional pathway toward acceptance of Palestinian self-determination and recognition of Palestinian statehood. The plan was met with support from many countries around the world, including France, Germany, Russia, Italy, Spain, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Turkey, Qatar, Jordan, Indonesia, Pakistan, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The State of Palestine was not involved in the negotiations, although the governing Palestinian Authority expressed support for the deal. Prior to Trump's announcement of the plan, Hamas has maintained that it will not disarm without the establishment of an independent Palestinian state. Upon revealing the peace proposal, Trump gave Hamas a deadline of October 5, 2025, to accept. On October 3, in response to the proposal, Hamas agreed to release any remaining hostages in Gaza and to "hand over the administration of the Gaza Strip to a Palestinian body of independent technocrats", though it did not agree to disarm or to forgo influence in Gaza. Analysts have stated that Hamas is not likely to hand over weapons as long as there is no guarantee of Israeli withdrawal from Gaza. On October 8, Trump announced that Israel and Hamas had reached an agreement to begin the first phase of the deal. Under this phase, all living hostages were to be released in exchange for 2,000 Palestinian prisoners, including 250 serving life sentences, within 72 hours of the withdrawal of Israeli forces to pre-designated lines within the Gaza Strip. The ceasefire went into effect on October 10, though there have been numerous attacks since, including the killing of 442 Palestinians by Israel. The commencement of the second phase of the plan was announced by US Special Envoy Steve Witkoff on 14 January 2026, but as of May 2026, negotiations have remained stalled due to repeated Israeli attacks since ‌the October ceasefire and disagreements over the plan of Hamas disarmament. Israel stated they will not move forward if they do not see progress on disarmament. Hamas had stated that it will not discuss the second phase of the agreement, which includes disarmament, until Israel fully implements the first phase.