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Ganymede (mythology)

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Ganymede (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Ganymede ( GAN-im-eed) or Ganymedes ( GAN-im-EE-deez; Ancient Greek: Γανυμήδης, romanized: Ganymēdēs) is a divine hero whose homeland was Troy. Homer describes Ganymede as the most handsome of mortals and tells the story of how he was abducted by the gods to serve as Zeus's cup-bearer in Olympus. The Latin form of the name was Catamitus (and also "Ganymedes"), from which the English word catamite is derived. The earliest forms of the myth have no erotic content, but by the 5th century BCE it was believed that Zeus had a sexual passion for him. Socrates says that Zeus was in love with Ganymede, called "desire" in Plato's Phaedrus; but in Xenophon's Symposium, Socrates argues Zeus loved him for his mind and their relationship was not sexual. By the early modern period, the event was termed a "rape" with little distinction from equivalent female abductees like Io, Europa, or Callisto. According to Dictys Cretensis, Ganymede was instead abducted by the Cretans.

Infobox

Abode
Mount Olympus
Parents
Tros and Callirhoe or Acallaris
Siblings
Ilus, Assaracus, Cleopatra, Cleomestra

Tables

Comparative table of Ganymede's family · Family
Homeric Hymns
Homeric Hymns
Relation
Homer
Names
Homeric Hymns
Sources
Euripides
Sources
Diodorus
Sources
Cicero
Sources
Dionysius
Sources
Apollodorus
Sources
Hyginus
Sources
Dictys
Sources
Clement
Sources
Suda
Sources
Tzetzes
Tros ♂
Tros ♂
Relation
Parentage
Names
Tros ♂
Sources
Sources
Sources
Sources
Sources
Sources
Sources
Ilus
Ilus
Relation
Siblings
Names
Ilus
Sources
Sources
Sources
Sources
Sources
Relation
Assaracus
Names
Sources
Sources
Sources
Relation
Names
Sources
Homer
Homeric Hymns
Euripides
Diodorus
Cicero
Dionysius
Apollodorus
Hyginus
Dictys
Clement
Suda
Tzetzes
Parentage
Tros ♂
Acallaris ♀
Callirhoe ♀
Laomedon ♂
Erichthonius ♂
Assaracus ♂
Dardanus ♂
Ilus ♂
Siblings
Ilus
Assaracus
Cleopatra
Cleomestra

References

  1. Some variants of the myth have Ganymede abducted from Harpagion instead.
  2. Oxford English Dictionary
    https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=Ganymede
  3. Dictionary.com Unabridged
    https://www.dictionary.com/browse/Ganymedes
  4. According to AMHER (2000), catamite, p. 291.
  5. www.britannica.com
    https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ganymede-Greek-mythology
  6. "Plato: Phaedrus"
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0174%3Atext%3DPhaedrus%3Asection%3D255c
  7. www.theoi.com
    https://www.theoi.com/Text/DictysCretensis2.html
  8. Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca historica 4.75.3–5
    https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/4D*.html#75.3
  9. Homer, Iliad 20.230–240
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hom.+Il.+20.235&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134
  10. Suda v.s. Minos
    https://topostext.org/work/240#mu.1092
  11. Scholiast on Homer's Iliad 20.231 who refers to Hellanicus as his authority
  12. Apollodorus, 3.12.2
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.12.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=3:chapter=12&highlight=Callirrhoe
  13. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitates Romanae 1.62.2
    https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus/1C*.html#62.2
  14. Dictys Cretensis, Trojan War Chronicle 4.22
    https://topostext.org/work/152#4.22
  15. Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes 1.65
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2007.01.0044%3Abook%3D1%3Asection%3D65
  16. Euripides, Troad 822
  17. Tzetzes ad Lycophron, 34
    https://topostext.org/work/860#34
  18. Clement of Alexandria, Recognitions 22
    http://www.theoi.com/Text/ClementRecognitions.html#22
  19. Hyginus, Fabulae 271
    https://topostext.org/work/206#271
  20. Hyginus, Fabulae 224
    https://topostext.org/work/206#224
  21. Ganymedes: Als Beilage Zu D. Nachrichten uber den Bestand und die Thatigkeit des Nicolai-Gymnasiums zu Liben im Laufe des Jahres 1881
  22. World History Encyclopedia
    https://www.worldhistory.org/Ganymede/
  23. Perseus Digital Library
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Strab.+13.1.11&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0239
  24. Virgil, Aeneid, 5.252
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0054%3Abook%3D5%3Acard%3D244
  25. Lattimore, Richard, trans. The Iliad of Homer. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951.
  26. Homer, Iliad 20.230
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134%3Abook%3D20%3Acard%3D199
  27. The American Journal of Philology
    https://doi.org/10.2307%2F294813
  28. Edmund Veckenstedt, Ganymedes, Libau, 1881.
  29. Virgil, Aeneid, 1.28
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0054%3Abook%3D1%3Acard%3D12
  30. Ancient Skies: Constellation Mythology of the Greeks
  31. Marius/Schlör, Mundus Iovialis, p. 78 f. (with misprint In for Io)
  32. The Achaean Diomedes is keen to capture the horses of Aeneas because "...they are of that stock wherefrom Zeus, whose vo
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134%3Abook%3D5%3Acard%3D239
  33. Homeric Hymn 5 to Aphrodite 203 ff
  34. Pseudo-Hyginus, Fabulae 89
  35. Plato, Laws 636D, as cited by Thomas Hubbard, Homosexuality in Greece and Rome, p252
  36. The Journal of Hellenic Studies
    https://doi.org/10.2307%2F629645
  37. Xenophon, Symposium 8.29–30; Craig Williams, Roman Homosexuality (Oxford University Press, 1999, 2010), p. 153.
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0212%3Atext%3DSym.%3Achapter%3D8%3Asection%3D29
  38. Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 3.112
    https://www.theoi.com/Text/ApolloniusRhodius3.html
  39. Virgil, Aeneid 5.256–7.
    https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0052%3Abook%3D5%3Acard%3D244
  40. Statius, Thebaid 1.549.
    https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/StatiusThebaidI.php#anchor_Toc337135247
  41. For the cockerel as an emblematic gift to the eromenos, see, for example, H. A. Shapiro, "Courtship scenes in Attic vase
  42. The Trojan War in Ancient Art
    https://books.google.com/books?id=n4c8q0iI_qAC&pg=PA39
  43. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome
    https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4238454
  44. "www.louvre.fr"
    http://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/attic-red-figure-bell-krater
  45. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
    https://www.jstor.org/stable/44137123
  46. www.archaeology.org
    https://www.archaeology.org/news/1505-131111-ganymede-statue-stolen-from-carthage
  47. Journal of the History of Sexuality
    https://www.jstor.org/stable/3704122
  48. ELH
    https://doi.org/10.1353%2Felh.2006.0010
  49. Medieval & Renaissance Drama in England
    https://www.jstor.org/stable/24322350
  50. Frederick A. de Armas, "From Mantua to Madrid: The License of Desire in Giulio Romano, Correggio and Lope de Vega's El c
  51. Felipe E. Rojas, "Representing An-'Other' Ganymede: The Multi-Faceted Character of Ismael in Tirso de Molina's La pruden
  52. GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies
    https://doi.org/10.1215%2F10642684-10-3-485
  53. Peter Paul Rubens, The Abduction of Ganymede in the Liechtenstein Museum
    https://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/r/rubens/21mythol/10mythol.html
  54. Peter Paul Rubens, The Rape of Ganymede in the Museo del Prado
    https://www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/the-rape-of-ganymede/6e81bf30-a422-4c69-88af-c0368c7bf17c
  55. The Great Emporium : the Low Countries as cultural crossroads in the Renaissance and the eighteenth century
  56. Worley, "The Image of Ganymede in France, 1730–1820: The Survival of a Homoerotic Myth," Art Bulletin 76 (December 1994:
  57. Encyclopædia Britannica
    https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Alvarez,_Don_Jos%C3%A9
  58. "Vollmer-mythologie.de"
    http://www.vollmer-mythologie.de/ganymedes/
  59. "Textlog.de"
    http://www.textlog.de/7116.html
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