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Game Boy

Updated: Wikipedia source

Game Boy

The Game Boy is a handheld game console developed by Nintendo, launched in the Japanese home market on April 21, 1989, followed by North America later that year and other territories from 1990 onwards. Following the success of the Game & Watch single-game handhelds, Nintendo developed the Game Boy to be a portable console, with interchangeable cartridges. The concept proved highly successful, and the Game Boy line became a cultural icon of the 1990s and early 2000s. The Game Boy was designed by the Nintendo Research & Development 1 team, led by Gunpei Yokoi and Satoru Okada. The device features a dot-matrix display, a D-pad, four game buttons, a single speaker, and uses Game Pak cartridges. Its two-toned gray design included black, blue, and magenta accents, with softly rounded corners and a distinctive curved bottom-right edge. At launch in Japan it was sold as a standalone console, but in North America and Europe it came bundled with the wildly popular Tetris which fueled sales. Despite mixed reviews criticizing its monochrome display compared to full-color competitors like the Game Gear, Lynx, and TurboExpress, the Game Boy's affordability, battery life, and extensive game library propelled it to market dominance. An estimated 118.69 million units of the Game Boy and its successor, the Game Boy Color, released in 1998, have been sold worldwide, making them the fourth-best-selling system of all time. The Game Boy received several redesigns during its lifespan, including the smaller Game Boy Pocket, released in 1996, and the backlit Game Boy Light, released in 1998.

Infobox

Also known as
DMG-01 KR: Mini Comboy
Developer
Nintendo R&D1
Manufacturer
Nintendo
Product family
Game Boy
Type
Handheld game console
Generation
Fourth
Release date
JP: April 21, 1989NA: July 31, 1989EU: September 28, 1990
Introductory price
¥12,500 (equivalent to ¥14,327 in 2019)US$89.99 (equivalent to $228 in 2024)£69.99 (equivalent to £201 in 2023)
Discontinued
WW: March 31, 2003
Units sold
118.69 million (including all variants and Game Boy Color)
Media
Game Boy Game Pak
System on a chip
Original: Nintendo DMG-CPU (Sharp LR35902)Pocket/Light: Nintendo CPU MGB
CPU
Sharp SM83 @ 4.2 MHz
Memory
8 KB RAM, 8 KB Video RAM
Display
Original: STN LCDPocket/Light: FSTN LCD
Best-selling game
Pokémon Red, Blue, and Yellow (46 million)
Predecessor
Game & WatchComputer Mah-jong Yakuman
Successor
Game Boy Color

Tables

· Hardware › Technical specifications
Height
Height
Col 1
Height
Game Boy
mw- .mw- .mw- .mw- 148 mm (5+7⁄8 in)
Game Boy Pocket
127.6 mm (5 in)
Game Boy Light
135 mm (5+3⁄8 in)
Width
Width
Col 1
Width
Game Boy
90 mm (3+1⁄2 in)
Game Boy Pocket
77.6 mm (3 in)
Game Boy Light
80 mm (3+1⁄8 in)
Depth
Depth
Col 1
Depth
Game Boy
32 mm (1+1⁄4 in)
Game Boy Pocket
25.3 mm (1 in)
Game Boy Light
27 mm (1+1⁄8 in)
Weight
Weight
Col 1
Weight
Game Boy
220 g (7.8 oz)
Game Boy Pocket
125 g (4.4 oz)
Game Boy Light
138 g (4.9 oz)
Display
Display
Col 1
Display
Game Boy
2.5-inch reflective super-twisted nematic (STN) liquid-crystal display (LCD)
Game Boy Pocket
2.5-inch reflective film compensated STN (FSTN) LCD
Game Boy Light
2.5-inch FSTN LCD with electroluminescent backlight
Screen size (playable)
Screen size (playable)
Col 1
Screen size (playable)
Game Boy
45.5 × 41.5 mm (1+3⁄4 × 1+5⁄8 in)
Game Boy Pocket
47.5 × 42.5 mm (1+7⁄8 × 1+5⁄8 in)
Game Boy Light
47 × 42 mm (1+7⁄8 × 1+5⁄8 in)
Resolution
Resolution
Col 1
Resolution
Game Boy
160 (w) × 144 (h) pixels (10:9 aspect ratio)
Frame rate
Frame rate
Col 1
Frame rate
Game Boy
59.727500569606 Hz
Color support
Color support
Col 1
Color support
Game Boy
2-bit, four shades of green: .mw- .mw- .mw- 0x0 0x1 0x2 0x3
Game Boy Pocket
2-bit, four shades of grey:  0x0  0x1  0x2  0x3
System on a chip (SoC)
System on a chip (SoC)
Col 1
System on a chip (SoC)
Game Boy
Nintendo DMG-CPU (Sharp LR35902)
Game Boy Pocket
Nintendo CPU MGB
CPU
CPU
Col 1
CPU
Game Boy
Sharp SM83 (custom Intel 8080/Zilog Z80 hybrid, 8-bit) @ 4.194304 MHz
Memory
Memory
Col 1
Memory
Game Boy
On SoC: 256 B ROM, 127 B High RAM, 128 B Audio RAM, 1.12KB object attribute RAMInternal: 8 KB RAM, 8 KB Video RAM
Game Boy Pocket
On SoC: 256 B ROM, 127 B High RAM, 8 KB Video RAM, 128 B Audio RAM, 1.12KB object attribute RAMInternal: 8 KB RAM
External: (in the game cartridge) up to 1 MB ROM, up to 128 KB RAM
External: (in the game cartridge) up to 1 MB ROM, up to 128 KB RAM
Col 1
External: (in the game cartridge) up to 1 MB ROM, up to 128 KB RAM
Power
Power
Col 1
Power
Game Boy
Consumption: 70–80 mAInternal: 4 × AA batteriesExternal: 0.7 W at 6 V DC from 3.5 mm × 1.35 mm coaxial connector
Game Boy Pocket
Consumption: 80–90 mAInternal: 2 × AAA batteriesExternal: 0.7 W at 3 V DC from 2.35 mm × 0.75 mm coaxial connector
Game Boy Light
Internal: 2 × AA batteriesExternal: 0.6 W at 3 V DC from 2.35 mm × 0.75 mm coaxial connector
Battery life
Battery life
Col 1
Battery life
Game Boy
Up to 30 hours
Game Boy Pocket
Up to 10 hours
Game Boy Light
Up to 20 hours (backlight off)Up to 12 hours (backlight on)
Sound
Sound
Col 1
Sound
Game Boy
Channels: 2 pulse wave, 1 wave, 1 noiseOutputs: Built-in mono speaker, stereo 3.5mm headphone jack
I/O
I/O
Col 1
I/O
Game Boy
Game Link Cable (8 kbit/s between up to 4 devices)Game Boy Game Pak slot
Controls
Controls
Col 1
Controls
Game Boy
4-way D-padFour action buttons (A, B, Start, Select)Volume potentiometerContrast potentiometerPower switch
Game Boy
Game Boy Pocket
Game Boy Light
Height
mw- .mw- 148 mm (5+7⁄8 in)
127.6 mm (5 in)
135 mm (5+3⁄8 in)
Width
90 mm (3+1⁄2 in)
77.6 mm (3 in)
80 mm (3+1⁄8 in)
Depth
32 mm (1+1⁄4 in)
25.3 mm (1 in)
27 mm (1+1⁄8 in)
Weight
220 g (7.8 oz)
125 g (4.4 oz)
138 g (4.9 oz)
Display
inch reflective super-twisted nematic (STN) liquid-crystal display (LCD)
inch reflective film compensated STN (FSTN) LCD
inch FSTN LCD with electroluminescent backlight
Screen size (playable)
45.5 × 41.5 mm (1+3⁄4 × 1+5⁄8 in)
47.5 × 42.5 mm (1+7⁄8 × 1+5⁄8 in)
47 × 42 mm (1+7⁄8 × 1+5⁄8 in)
Resolution
160 (w) × 144 (h) pixels (10:9 aspect ratio)
Frame rate
59.727500569606 Hz
Color support
2-bit, four shades of green: .mw- 0x0 0x1 0x2 0x3
2-bit, four shades of grey: 0x0 0x1 0x2 0x3
System on a chip (SoC)
Nintendo DMG-CPU (Sharp LR35902)
Nintendo CPU MGB
CPU
Sharp SM83 (custom Intel 8080/Zilog Z80 hybrid, 8-bit) @ 4.194304 MHz
Memory
On SoC: 256 B ROM, 127 B High RAM, 128 B Audio RAM, 1.12KB object attribute RAMInternal: 8 KB RAM, 8 KB Video RAM
On SoC: 256 B ROM, 127 B High RAM, 8 KB Video RAM, 128 B Audio RAM, 1.12KB object attribute RAMInternal: 8 KB RAM
External: (in the game cartridge) up to 1 MB ROM, up to 128 KB RAM
Power
Consumption: 70–80 mAInternal: 4 × AA batteriesExternal: 0.7 W at 6 V DC from 3.5 mm × 1.35 mm coaxial connector
Consumption: 80–90 mAInternal: 2 × AAA batteriesExternal: 0.7 W at 3 V DC from 2.35 mm × 0.75 mm coaxial connector
Internal: 2 × AA batteriesExternal: 0.6 W at 3 V DC from 2.35 mm × 0.75 mm coaxial connector
Battery life
Up to 30 hours
Up to 10 hours
Up to 20 hours (backlight off)Up to 12 hours (backlight on)
Sound
Channels: 2 pulse wave, 1 wave, 1 noiseOutputs: Built-in mono speaker, stereo 3.5mm headphone jack
I/O
Game Link Cable (8 kbit/s between up to 4 devices)Game Boy Game Pak slot
Controls
4-way D-padFour action buttons (A, B, Start, Select)Volume potentiometerContrast potentiometerPower switch

References

  1. Japanese: ゲームボーイ, Hepburn: Gēmu Bōi
  2. Japanese: 枯れた技術の水平思考, Hepburn: Kareta Gijutsu no Suihei Shikō
  3. The Game Link Cable port was also called the Video Link cable and extension connector in early Owner's Manuals.
  4. Japanese: ゲームボーイブラザーズ, Hepburn: Gēmu Bōi Burazāzu
  5. Iwata Asks
    https://iwataasks.nintendo.com/interviews/ds/pokemon/0/0/
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  7. Retro Gamer
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  8. Nintendo Game Boy Original - UK TV Commercial (1990) on YouTube
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JR25jqWNxO0&t=22s
  9. "Consolidated Sales Transition by Region"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160427084600/https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/library/historical_data/pdf/consolidated_sales_e1603.pdf
  10. Iwata Asks
    http://iwataasks.nintendo.com/interviews/#/3ds/how-nintendo-3ds-made/1/0
  11. Videogames Hardware Handbook
    https://archive.org/details/Videogames_Hardware_Handbook_Vol_1_2nd_RE_2016_UK
  12. Issue 163
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  13. Bungeishunju
    https://bunshun.jp/articles/-/6659
  14. The History of Nintendo Vol.4: 1989–1999 The Incredible History of the Game Boy
  15. Nintendo Life
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  16. "Satoru Okada – 2022 Retrospective Interview"
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  17. 4Gamer.net
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  18. Before Mario: the fantastic toys from the video game giant's early days
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  19. Super Mario: How Nintendo Conquered America
  20. Le Monde.fr
    http://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2015/03/18/nx-ultra-64-revolution-petite-histoire-de-nintendo-a-travers-ses-noms-de-code_4595183_4408996.html
  21. Wiktionary
    https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%A7%84%E7%9B%AE
  22. 4Gamer.net
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  23. Ars Technica
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  24. IGN
    http://www.ign.com/articles/2009/07/27/ign-presents-the-history-of-game-boy
  25. IGN
    https://www.ign.com/articles/2013/10/15/the-real-cost-of-gaming-inflation-time-and-purchasing-power
  26. Los Angeles Times
    https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-11-20-fi-193-story.html
  27. Polygon
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  28. The Ultimate History of Video Games
  29. gekkio.fi
    https://gekkio.fi/files/gb-docs/gbctr.pdf
  30. "The Nintendo Game Boy, Part 1: The Intel 8080 and the Zilog Z80"
    https://realboyemulator.wordpress.com/2013/01/01/the-nintendo-game-boy-1/
  31. Pan Docs
    https://gbdev.io/pandocs/CPU_Comparison_with_Z80
  32. Game Boy Programming Manual
    https://archive.org/details/GameBoyProgManVer1.1
  33. "GameBoy User Manual"
    https://www.flickr.com/photos/30348074@N00/5439992398/in/set-72157626034398554/
  34. "Cherryroms :: View topic - "Manually" extracting a ROM"
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  35. "Game Boy Advance Service Manual"
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    https://www.flickr.com/photos/30348074@N00/5439387075/in/album-72157626034398554/
  37. "Game Boy Owner's Manual"
    https://www.flickr.com/photos/30348074@N00/5439992276/in/album-72157626034398554/
  38. Vidgame.net
    https://web.archive.org/web/20080211181421/http://www.vidgame.net/NINTENDO/GB.html
  39. "Game Boy Owner's Manual"
    https://www.flickr.com/photos/30348074@N00/5439992312/in/album-72157626034398554/
  40. Game On
  41. "Game Boy Owner's Manual"
    https://www.flickr.com/photos/30348074@N00/5439387125/in/album-72157626034398554/
  42. GamePro
  43. "Color it loud with hot new Game Boys; Game Boy reflects players own style with five exciting new colors"
    http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Color+it+loud+with+hot+new+Game+Boys%3B+Game+Boy+reflects+players+own...-a016001521
  44. Old School Gamer Magazine
    https://www.oldschoolgamermagazine.com/boy-oh-game-boy-play-it-loud/
  45. Electronic Gaming Monthly
  46. Electronic Gaming Monthly
  47. Next Generation
  48. Nintendo of Europe
    https://www.nintendo.com/en-gb/Support/Game-Boy-Pocket-Color/Accessories/Link-cable-adapter/Link-cable-adapter-619614.html
  49. "Game Boy / Color Architecture – A Practical Analysis"
    https://www.copetti.org/writings/consoles/game-boy/
  50. GitHub
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  51. christmas.musetechnical.com
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  52. Hamilton Spectator
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  53. Los Angeles Times
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  55. Electronic Gaming Monthly
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  82. The Guardian
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  86. WBUR
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  87. Vice
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  89. nintendo.com
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