Topzle Topzle

Friedrich Merz

Updated: Wikipedia source

Friedrich Merz

Joachim-Friedrich Martin Josef Merz (born 11 November 1955) is a German politician serving as Chancellor of Germany since 6 May 2025. He has also served as Leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) since January 2022, leading the CDU/CSU (Union) parliamentary group as Leader of the Opposition in the Bundestag from February 2022 to May 2025. Merz was born in Brilon in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia in West Germany. He joined the Young Union in 1972. After finishing law school in 1985, Merz worked as a judge and corporate lawyer before entering full-time politics in 1989 when he was elected to the European Parliament. As a young politician in the 1970s and 1980s, Merz was a staunch supporter of anti-communism, the dominant political doctrine of West Germany and a core tenet of the CDU. He is seen as a representative of the traditional establishment conservative and pro-business wings of the CDU. His book Mehr Kapitalismus wagen (Venturing More Capitalism) advocates economic liberalism. After serving one term he was elected to the Bundestag, where he established himself as the leading financial policy expert in the CDU. He was elected chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group in 2000, the same year as Angela Merkel was elected chairwoman of the CDU, and at the time they were chief rivals for the leadership of the party, which led the opposition together with CSU. After the 2002 federal election, Merkel claimed the parliamentary group chairmanship for herself, while Merz was elected deputy parliamentary group leader. In December 2004, he resigned from this office, thereby giving up the years-long power struggle with Merkel and gradually withdrew from politics, focusing on his legal career and leaving parliament entirely in 2009, until his return to parliament in 2021. In 2004, he became a senior counsel at Mayer Brown, where he focused on mergers and acquisitions, banking and finance, and compliance. He has served on the boards of numerous companies, including BlackRock Germany. A corporate lawyer and reputed multimillionaire, Merz is also a licensed private pilot and owns two aeroplanes. In 2018, he announced his return to politics. He was elected CDU leader in December 2021, assuming the office in January 2022. He had failed to win the position in two previous leadership elections in 2018, and January 2021. In September 2024, he became the Union's candidate for Chancellor of Germany ahead of the following year's federal election. The CDU/CSU won a plurality of the seats and subsequently reached an agreement to form a coalition with the SPD. Merz was elected chancellor on 6 May 2025, taking two rounds to clear, surprising many. As chancellor, he has taken steps to ensure fiscal responsibility and border security. An early issue that arose at the start of his chancellorship has been the designation of the AfD as extremist. In foreign policy, he is a staunch supporter of the European Union, NATO, and the liberal international order, having described himself as "truly European, a convinced Transatlanticist, and a German open to the world". Merz advocates a closer union and "an army for Europe". Prior to the second presidency of Donald Trump, he was frequently described as being "exceptionally pro-American", and was once the chairman of the Atlantik-Brücke association which promotes German-American friendship and Atlanticism.

Infobox

President
Frank-Walter Steinmeier
Vice Chancellor
Lars Klingbeil
Preceded by
Ferdinand Tillmann
Deputy
Andreas JungKarin PrienSilvia BreherMichael KretschmerKarl-Josef Laumann
Chancellor
Gerhard Schröder
Succeeded by
Patrick Sensburg
First Deputy
Michael Glos
Chief Whip
Hans-Peter Repnik
Born
Joachim-Friedrich Martin Josef Merz (1955-11-11) 11 November 1955 (age 70)Brilon, West Germany
Political party
Christian Democratic Union (since 1972)
Spouse
mw- Charlotte Gass (m. 1981)
Children
3
Residence
Arnsberg
Education
University of BonnUniversity of Marburg
Website
www.friedrich-merz.de
Allegiance
West Germany
Branch/service
Bundeswehr
Years of service
1975–1976
Unit
Panzer Artillery Training Battalion 310
Parliamentary offices
Parliamentary offices Leader of the CDU/CSU in the BundestagIn office15 February 2022 – 5 May 2025First DeputyAlexander DobrindtChief WhipThorsten FreiPreceded byRalph BrinkhausSucceeded byJens SpahnIn office29 February 2000 – 22 September 2002First DeputyMichael GlosChief WhipHans-Peter RepnikPreceded byWolfgang SchäubleSucceeded byAngela MerkelMember of the Bundestagfor HochsauerlandkreisIncumbentAssumed office 26 October 2021Preceded byPatrick SensburgIn office10 November 1994 – 27 October 2009Preceded byFerdinand TillmannSucceeded byPatrick SensburgMember of the European Parliamentfor North Rhine-WestphaliaIn office22 July 1989 – 19 July 1994
Party
Christian Democratic Union (since 1972)

Tables

· External links
Preceded byWolfgang Schäuble
Preceded byWolfgang Schäuble
Political offices
Preceded byWolfgang Schäuble
Political offices
Leader of the Opposition 2000–2002
Political offices
Succeeded byAngela Merkel
Preceded byRalph Brinkhaus
Preceded byRalph Brinkhaus
Political offices
Preceded byRalph Brinkhaus
Political offices
Leader of the Opposition 2022–2025
Political offices
Succeeded byAlice Weidel
Preceded byOlaf Scholz
Preceded byOlaf Scholz
Political offices
Preceded byOlaf Scholz
Political offices
Chancellor of Germany 2025–present
Political offices
Incumbent
Party political offices
Party political offices
Political offices
Party political offices
Preceded byWolfgang Schäuble
Preceded byWolfgang Schäuble
Political offices
Preceded byWolfgang Schäuble
Political offices
Leader of the CDU/CSU in the Bundestag 2000–2002
Political offices
Succeeded byAngela Merkel
Preceded byRalph Brinkhaus
Preceded byRalph Brinkhaus
Political offices
Preceded byRalph Brinkhaus
Political offices
Leader of the CDU/CSU in the Bundestag 2022–2025
Political offices
Succeeded byJens Spahn
Preceded byArmin Laschet
Preceded byArmin Laschet
Political offices
Preceded byArmin Laschet
Political offices
Leader of the Christian Democratic Union 2022–present
Political offices
Incumbent
Order of precedence
Order of precedence
Political offices
Order of precedence
Preceded byJulia Klöckneras President of the Bundestag
Preceded byJulia Klöckneras President of the Bundestag
Political offices
Preceded byJulia Klöckneras President of the Bundestag
Political offices
Order of precedence of GermanyChancellor
Political offices
Succeeded byAnke Rehlingeras President of the Bundesrat
Political offices
Preceded byWolfgang Schäuble
Leader of the Opposition 2000–2002
Succeeded byAngela Merkel
Preceded byRalph Brinkhaus
Leader of the Opposition 2022–2025
Succeeded byAlice Weidel
Preceded byOlaf Scholz
Chancellor of Germany 2025–present
Incumbent
Party political offices
Preceded byWolfgang Schäuble
Leader of the CDU/CSU in the Bundestag 2000–2002
Succeeded byAngela Merkel
Preceded byRalph Brinkhaus
Leader of the CDU/CSU in the Bundestag 2022–2025
Succeeded byJens Spahn
Preceded byArmin Laschet
Leader of the Christian Democratic Union 2022–present
Incumbent
Order of precedence
Preceded byJulia Klöckneras President of the Bundestag
Order of precedence of GermanyChancellor
Succeeded byAnke Rehlingeras President of the Bundesrat

References

  1. /mɛərts/; .mw- .mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw- German: [joˈaxɪm ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈmɛʁts]
  2. The right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution is a human right, as defined in article 14 of
  3. Duden – das Aussprachewörterbuch (8th ed.)
  4. "Conservative contenders vie to overturn Merkel's centrism"
    https://www.reuters.com/article/us-germany-politics/conservative-contenders-vie-to-overturn-merkels-centrism-idUSKCN1N51CT
  5. The Telegraph
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/10/31/merkel-rival-friedrich-merz-emerges-surprise-early-frontrunner/
  6. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/der-maennerbund-a-2475e027-0002-0001-0000-000027497155
  7. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/enthuellung-wie-merkels-und-merz-feindschaft-begann-a-465136.html
  8. manager-magazin.de
    https://www.manager-magazin.de/politik/deutschland/ex-cdu-star-friedrich-merz-und-der-karriereknick-a-970377.html
  9. stern.de
    https://www.stern.de/politik/deutschland/hat-friedrich-merz-wirklich-zwei-flugzeuge--8467946.html
  10. Süddeutsche Zeitung
    https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/merkel-cdu-bundesregierung-1.4189532
  11. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/07/annegret-kramp-karrenbauer-elected-merkels-successor-as-christian-democrat-leader
  12. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/eilmeldung/cdu-laschet-111.html
  13. "Pragmatic governor Laschet elected to lead Merkel's party"
    https://apnews.com/article/angela-merkel-national-elections-coronavirus-pandemic-elections-germany-2be065e51c2eb729d8b7b5ba8f23f183
  14. Yahoo News
    https://www.yahoo.com/news/german-exit-polls-clear-win-171847620.html?fr=yhssrp_catchall
  15. "Friedrich Merz: Risk-taker who flirted with far right"
    https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cdxnzkyw7n1o
  16. "Germany's Merz set to be elected chancellor on May 6, sources say"
    https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germanys-merz-set-be-elected-chancellor-may-6-source-says-2025-04-11/
  17. CNN
    https://edition.cnn.com/2025/05/06/europe/merz-chancellor-german-parliament-intl
  18. Die Welt
    https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article183054050/Merz-will-CDU-Chef-werden-Wir-brauchen-Aufbruch-und-Erneuerung-keinen-Umsturz.html
  19. Handelsblatt
    https://web.archive.org/web/20181209123542/https://www.handelsblatt.com/today/opinion/time-to-wake-up-we-are-deeply-concerned-about-the-future-of-europe-and-germany/23583722.html
  20. The Independent
    https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/germany-election-merz-chancellor-weidel-who-cdu-b2703412.html
  21. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
    https://www.faz.net/1.5867546
  22. Die Welt
    https://www.welt.de/politik/article698654/Friedrich-Merz-Vater-verlaesst-die-CDU-im-Groll.html
  23. Financial Times
    https://www.ft.com/content/4dcf2099-152b-45bf-acbb-811ea638ca2c
  24. Die Tageszeitung: taz
    https://taz.de/Friedrich-Merz-und-sein-Naziopa/!6086702/
  25. Munzinger Online
    http://www.munzinger.de/document/00000022889
  26. Deutsches Geschlechterbuch
  27. Die Tageszeitung: Taz
    https://taz.de/Merz-bejubelt-rechten-Grossvater/!806584/
  28. Claus Jacobi, Im Rad der Geschichte: Deutsche Verhältnisse, pg. 166, Herbig, 2002.
  29. "Friedrich Merz gibt in TV-Duell private Schicksalsschläge preis"
    https://www.focus.de/kultur/stars/im-tv-duell-spricht-friedrich-merz-ploetzlich-ueber-private-schicksalsschlaege_e144645e-301f-4db9-a406-d572e2b41ba8.html
  30. Der Tagesspiegel Online
    https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/es-gab-auch-mal-einen-anderen-friedrich-merz-5305378.html
  31. RP ONLINE
    https://rp-online.de/politik/deutschland/friedrich-merz-ein-portraet-der-provokateur_aid-34589155
  32. RP ONLINE
    https://rp-online.de/politik/deutschland/friedrich-merz-portraet-des-cdu-politikers_bid-34235939#1
  33. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/40-jahre-zivildienst-haben-sie-eigentlich-gedient-herr-merz-a-126706.html
  34. dbwv.de
    https://www.dbwv.de/aktuelle-themen/blickpunkt/beitrag/worte-reichen-nicht-wir-muessen-die-zeitenwende-mit-leben-fuellen
  35. Atlantik-Brücke e.V.
    https://web.archive.org/web/20181031052330/https://www.atlantik-bruecke.org/die-atlantik-bruecke/vorstand/friedrich-merz/
  36. Spiegel Online
    http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/wahlkampf-stoiber-team-ohne-kompetenz-bei-den-staatsfinanzen-a-178384.html
  37. Zeit Online
    http://www.zeit.de/2004/05/Glosse_Seite_2
  38. Die Tageszeitung
    https://www.hagalil.com/archiv/2004/01/merz.htm
  39. Die Tageszeitung
    https://taz.de/Merz-bejubelt-rechten-Grossvater/!806584/
  40. Berliner Zeitung
    https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/archiv/ohne-eigenes-zutun-von-der-sa-reserve-in-die-nsdap-merz-verteidigt-vita-seines-grossvaters-li.723953
  41. Der Spiegel
    http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/union-anden-pakt-nimmt-friedrich-merz-auf-a-382963.html
  42. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/nebenjobs-abgeordnete-klagen-gegen-transparente-politiker-gehaelter-a-441894.html
  43. mayerbrown.com
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120406104045/http://www.mayerbrown.com/lawyers/profile.asp?hubbardid=M480617703
  44. Handelsblatt
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120223145514/https://www.handelsblatt.com/archiv/nicht-suechtig-nach-politik-friedrich-merz;838562
  45. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/17/business/global/17westlb.html
  46. "Wie sozial ist Friedrich Merz? – Der Kandidat"
    https://mieterinitiativen-stuttgart.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/11/manuskript-Frontal-21-%C3%BCber-Merz.pdf
  47. Handelsblatt
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200228160136/https://www.handelsblatt.com/today/politics/long-march-the-man-who-would-be-chancellor-merzs-delayed-political-comeback/23583798.html
  48. Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia
    https://www.land.nrw/de/pressemitteilung/ministerpraesident-armin-laschet-beruft-friedrich-merz-zum-beauftragten-fuer-die
  49. Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger
    https://www.ksta.de/wirtschaft/flughafen-koeln-bonn-friedrich-merz-tritt-als-aufsichtsratschef-zurueck-37838896?cb=1608379681
  50. Wall Street Journal
    https://www.wsj.com/articles/blackrock-hires-former-merkel-deputy-for-its-german-operations-1453054735
  51. Handelsblatt
    https://www.handelsblatt.com/finanzen/banken-versicherungen/vermoegensverwalter-blackrock-findet-nachfolger-fuer-friedrich-merz/25881544.html
  52. Handelsblatt
    https://www.handelsblatt.com/unternehmen/management/maschinenbau-merz-im-verwaltungsrat-der-schweizer-stadler-rail-group/2634392.html
  53. Stadler Rail
    https://www.stadlerrail.com/en/media/article/friedrich-merz-stellt-sich-nicht-mehr-zur-wiederwahl-als-verwaltungsrat-bei-stadler/712/
  54. Wirtschaftswoche
    https://www.wiwo.de/politik/deutschland/nach-blackrock-rueckzug-friedrich-merz-verlaesst-stadler-aufsichtsrat/25563856.html
  55. Handelsblatt
    https://www.handelsblatt.com/finanzen/banken-versicherungen/cdu-politiker-friedrich-merz-verlaesst-hsbc-aufsichtsrat/24215670.html
  56. Axa Konzern AG
    https://www.axa.de/presse/wechsel-im-aufsichtsratsvorsitz-der-axa-konzern-ag
  57. Interseroh
    https://www.alba.info/fileadmin/PDF/Geschaeftsberichte/2010/INTERSEROH-SE-Geschaeftsbreicht-2009-Geschaeftsbericht.pdf
  58. Westdeutscher Rundfunk
    http://www1.wdr.de/archiv/neuwahl/roettgen164.html
  59. Bundestag
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140708040815/https://www.bundestag.de/blob/192344/0b0787a2db63f7a3b9d158fb3c676ded/laender-data.pdf
  60. Süddeutsche Zeitung
    http://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/nordrhein-westfalen-regierungsjob-fuer-friedrich-merz-1.3739212
  61. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
    https://www.faz.net/1.5870575
  62. Berliner Morgenpost
    https://www.morgenpost.de/politik/inland/article228535207/Friedrich-Merz-kandidiert-fuer-CDU-Parteivorsitz.html
  63. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
    https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/cdu-vorsitz-armin-laschet-und-jens-spahn-als-team-16650688.html
  64. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
    https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/roettgen-zu-bewerbung-um-cdu-vorsitz-geht-um-zukunft-der-cdu-16639785.html
  65. Tagesschau
    https://www.tagesschau.de/eilmeldung/cdu-laschet-111.html
  66. Associated Press
    https://apnews.com/article/angela-merkel-national-elections-coronavirus-pandemic-elections-germany-2be065e51c2eb729d8b7b5ba8f23f183
  67. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/armin-laschet-zum-neuen-cdu-vorsitzenden-gewaehlt-a-72cdf01e-5074-4faa-9d4f-4417fa18c00d
  68. Deutsche Welle
    https://www.dw.com/de/merkels-getreuer-armin-laschet-ist-neuer-cdu-chef/a-56226300
  69. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
    https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/friedrich-merz-will-nach-pleite-bei-cdu-wahl-jetzt-wirtschaftsminister-werden-17149521.html
  70. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
    https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/cdu-armin-laschet-nominiert-friedrich-merz-ins-wahlkampf-team-17316029.html
  71. Rheinische Post
    https://rp-online.de/politik/deutschland/merz-gewinnt-kampfkandidatur-im-sauerland_aid-57399157
  72. Business Standard India
    https://www.business-standard.com/article/international/race-to-lead-angela-merkel-s-party-in-german-opposition-takes-shape-121111201137_1.html
  73. Associated Press
    https://apnews.com/article/angela-merkel-berlin-europe-elections-national-elections-80324dba4eca2df93fbb41348984383d
  74. Business Standard India
    https://www.business-standard.com/article/international/germany-s-cdu-ready-to-elect-new-leader-to-succeed-armin-laschet-121111900414_1.html
  75. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/cdu-friedrich-merz-wird-neuer-parteichef-a-e024cd46-21c9-4120-b010-0d2094db1957
  76. "Germany's CDU party elects Friedrich Merz, 66, new leader"
    https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germanys-cdu-party-elects-friedrich-merz-66-new-leader-2021-12-17/
  77. "CDU: Norbert Röttgen attackiert Friedrich Merz"
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/cdu-norbert-roettgen-attackiert-friedrich-merz-a-64224660-6a48-4afd-9221-2b7115dde6f1
  78. Salzburger Nachrichten
    https://www.sn.at/politik/weltpolitik/cdu-waehlt-friedrich-merz-zum-neuen-chef-115867060
  79. Die Welt
    https://www.welt.de/debatte/kommentare/plus236404199/CDU-Parteitag-Merz-trifft-den-richtigen-Ton-und-zeigt-geradezu-Lust-auf-die-Oppositionsrolle.html
  80. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
    https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/friedrich-merz-zum-cdu-vorsitzenden-gewaehlt-17745882.html
  81. Associated Press
    https://apnews.com/article/europe-elections-germany-national-elections-angela-merkel-34128eaaff5eac510ed59b522757e334
  82. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/kanzlerkandidatur-der-union-friedrich-merz-und-markus-soeder-einigen-sich-auf-den-cdu-chef-a-1a96e850-3297-4cdf-8b8e-0842b9cf0c97
  83. Associated Press
    https://apnews.com/article/germany-politics-christian-democratic-union-cf1033d27f82a0291e983f3c9a94fb97
  84. "Merz's victory opens new era of German uncertainty"
    https://www.reuters.com/breakingviews/merzs-victory-opens-new-era-german-uncertainty-2025-02-23/
  85. Associated Press
    https://web.archive.org/web/20250224045601/https://apnews.com/article/germany-election-merz-scholz-far-right-afd-ebf16ed38e0beaff7fed9a6d29b32a24
  86. Politico Europe
    https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-election-coalition-talks-cdu-friedrich-merz-spd-lars-klingbeil/
  87. Politico Europe
    https://www.politico.eu/article/friedrich-merz-cdu-spd-confirms-push-for-cdu-spd-coalition-election-win/
  88. BBC
    https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c981w25y5wpo
  89. Euronews
    https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2025/03/04/cdus-friedrich-merz-secures-billion-euro-deal-for-germanys-military-and-infrastructure
  90. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/mar/05/a-risky-bet-friedrich-merz-criticised-over-plan-to-lift-germanys-debt-rules
  91. DW News
    https://www.dw.com/en/1-trillion-impact-what-easing-debt-brake-means-for-germany/a-71949959
  92. The Wall Street Journal
    https://www.wsj.com/world/europe/germany-set-for-trillion-euro-defense-and-infrastructure-splurge-3cce7723
  93. DW News
    https://www.dw.com/en/how-will-germany-spend-its-1-trillion-loans/a-71995478
  94. dw.com
    https://www.dw.com/en/germany-parties-agree-on-historic-debt-deal/a-71922888
  95. Deutsche Welle
    https://www.dw.com/en/germany-passes-huge-spending-package-with-green-party-backing/a-71960695
  96. NPR
    https://www.npr.org/2025/03/18/g-s1-54475/germany-defense-spending-merz-debt-brake-parliament
  97. Politico
    https://www.politico.eu/article/germanys-friedrich-merz-radical-spending-election-berlin-green-energy-fund/
  98. Neue Zürcher Zeitung
    https://www.nzz.ch/wirtschaft/finanzpaket-woher-die-milliarden-kommen-wohin-sie-gehen-ld.1873997
  99. Euractiv
    https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/german-parliament-passes-historic-debt-backed-defence-and-infrastructure-package/
  100. Le Monde
    https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/03/18/german-lawmakers-approve-defense-and-infrastructure-spending-plans_6739287_4.html
  101. "Merz und Schuldenbremse: Falsche Wahlversprechen sind keine Wählertäuschung nach Strafgesetz (Merz and the debt brake: False election promises are not voter deception under criminal law)"
    https://correctiv.org/faktencheck/2025/03/20/merz-und-schuldenbremse-falsche-wahlversprechen-sind-keine-waehlertaeuschung-nach-strafgesetz/
  102. NBC News
    https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/germany-boost-defence-spending-europe-trump-rcna196904
  103. CBS News
    https://www.cbsnews.com/news/germany-defense-spending-friedrich-merz-trump-pressure-nato-ukraine-russia-war/
  104. Euronews
    https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2025/03/18/germanys-parliament-passes-historic-package-boosting-defence-spending
  105. Politico
    https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-parliament-spending-reforms-defense-military-infrastructure-friedrich-merz/
  106. France 24
    https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20250319-fiscal-bazooka-for-defence-infrastructure-approved-by-germany-mps
  107. NDR
    https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/info/Koalitionsvertrag-Schulterklopfen-und-harsche-Kritik-aus-dem-Norden,koalition998.html
  108. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/koalitionsvertrag-unterzeichnet-100.html
  109. Tagesschau
    https://www.tagesschau.de/eilmeldung/spd-mitgliederentscheid-108.html
  110. France 24
    https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20250409-germany-merz-unveils-coalition-deal-with-social-democrats-spd-cdu
  111. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgp22zlrgko
  112. Reuters
    https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/merz-elected-german-chancellor-after-initial-shock-defeat-2025-05-06/
  113. Politico
    https://www.politico.eu/article/merz-just-lost-the-vote-to-be-german-chancellor-what-next/
  114. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/erste-kabinettssitzung-digitalministerium-102.html
  115. euronews
    https://www.euronews.com/next/2025/05/07/merzs-government-decree-gives-german-digital-ministry-extensive-powers
  116. Die Nachrichten
    https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/bundeskanzler-merz-und-ministerpraesident-tusk-sprechen-ueber-bilaterale-beziehungen-und-europaeisch-100.html
  117. Auswärtiges Amt
    https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/aussenpolitik/europa/2717186-2717186
  118. economist.com
    https://www.economist.com/europe/2025/08/28/time-for-some-merz-macron-magic
  119. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/merz-einladung-netanjahu-100.html
  120. Berliner Morgenpost
    https://www.morgenpost.de/politik/article401488220/friedrich-merz-cdu-union-fraktionschef-vorsitz.html
  121. "Mit Friedrich Merz kommt eine neoliberale Wende"
    https://www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de/kommentar-friedrich-merz-cdu-neoliberalismus-100.html
  122. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/friedrich-merz-merz-sieht-bekaempfung-irregulaerer-migration-als-wichtigste-aufgabe-a-b06c5bda-e0e3-4697-bba4-86b9b151f7c0
  123. United Nations
    https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights
  124. Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
    https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/englisch_gg.html#p0093
  125. Deutscher Bundestag
    https://www.bundestag.de/dokumente/textarchiv/2025/kw19-de-kanzlerwahl-vereidigung-1063890
  126. Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
    https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/englisch_gg.html#p0273
  127. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/bundestag-olaf-scholz-leistet-amtseid-als-bundeskanzler-a-c06bef1f-713e-4e4e-b1f6-d05daae17da2
  128. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/friedrich-merz-wie-ein-cdu-kanzler-deutschland-veraendern-koennte-a-d3a42cc4-e1c8-4667-b5ef-d157c81f1bc8
  129. Tagesspiegel.de
    https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/migration-experten-halten-grenzschliessung-durch-notlage-fur-moglich-12271235.html
  130. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/merz-fluechtlingszahlen-100.html
  131. Euronews
    https://www.euronews.com/2024/12/17/german-election-cdu-manifesto-proposes-rightward-shift-on-migration-and-strong-support-for
  132. "Policies of German opposition chief and possible next chancellor Merz"
    https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/policies-german-opposition-chief-possible-next-chancellor-merz-2024-09-17/
  133. Al-Jazeera
    https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2024/1/7/why-is-germany-so-viciously-anti-palestinian
  134. merkur.de
    https://www.merkur.de/politik/friedrich-merz-cdu-abschiebung-syrien-fluechtlinge-asyl-bundestagswahl-2025-zr-93472190.html
  135. ZDFheute
    https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/einbuergerung-deutschland-reform-staatsbuergerschaft-100.html
  136. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/friedrich-merz-will-ausbuergerung-ermoeglichen-a-d887cae0-8e6f-4f1f-ab5b-1de8da5efde7
  137. Die Welt
    https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/plus255024542/Friedrich-Merz-Aberkennung-der-deutschen-Staatsbuergerschaft-muesste-dann-moeglich-sein.html
  138. "Germany's Leading Candidate Calls for Permanent Border Checks"
    https://archive.today/20250123124103/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-01-23/germany-s-leading-candidate-calls-for-permanent-border-checks
  139. POLITICO
    https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-friedrich-merz-cdu-migration-crackdown-day-one-chancellor/
  140. Süddeutsche Zeitung
    https://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/merz-aschaffenburg-abschiebungen-fluechtlingspolitik-bundestagswahl-li.3188100?reduced=true
  141. Deutschlandfunk
    https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/merz-cdu-grenzschliessungen-afd-100.html
  142. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/friedrich-merz-will-als-kanzler-faktisches-einreiseverbot-fuer-illegal-einreisende-verhaengen-a-46b54beb-2a47-4148-910b-2b024798f632
  143. cdu.de
    https://www.cdu.de/artikel/wohlstand-ohne-leistung-ist-eine-illusion
  144. SÜDKURIER Online
    https://www.suedkurier.de/ueberregional/wirtschaft/geld-finanzen/aenderungen-beim-buergergeld-das-kommt-auf-empfaenger-zu-wenn-friedrich-merz-kanzler-wird-10-11-24;art1373668,12185953
  145. arbeitsmarkt-und-sozialpolitik.verdi.de
    https://arbeitsmarkt-und-sozialpolitik.verdi.de/ueber-uns/nachrichten/++co++7d23dfb8-eac8-11ee-8ae0-c502a8b1e0e2
  146. stern.de
    https://www.stern.de/politik/deutschland/friedrich-merz-erklaert-seinen-kanzlerplan--trump--rente--jobs-35212552.html
  147. France 24
    https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20241216-friedrich-merz-german-conservative-gunning-to-become-chancellor
  148. dw.com
    https://www.dw.com/en/cdu-friedrich-merz-angela-merkel-rival-german-election-2025-chancellor-v2/a-70845544
  149. Foreign Policy
    https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/02/12/germany-cdu-merz-merkel-afd-migration/
  150. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/dec/10/who-is-friedrich-merz-germany-next-chancellor-scholz-merkel
  151. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cdxnzkyw7n1o
  152. blick.ch
    https://www.blick.ch/news/ausland/wird-er-merkels-nachfolger-friedrich-merz-kandidiert-fuer-den-cdu-parteivorsitz-id9051960.html
  153. Reuters
    https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germanys-main-opposition-leader-calls-european-coalition-china-ties-2023-03-31/
  154. South China Morning Post
    https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3292397/will-merzs-tough-talk-china-fizzle-out-if-he-becomes-leader-germany
  155. Euractiv
    https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/merz-considers-extension-of-french-british-nuclear-umbrella-to-germany/
  156. Politico
    https://www.politico.eu/article/europe-brace-us-trump-end-nato-germany-friedrich-merz-election/
  157. deutschlandfunk.de
    https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/lob-von-rutte-und-von-der-leyen-100.html
  158. "Europe's most powerful leader as US turns its back"
    https://www.politico.eu/article/german-election-results-2025-friedrich-merz-next-chancellor-historic-question-europe-without-us-support/
  159. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cpv4n0dg3v3o
  160. Bloomberg
    https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-11-01/merkel-s-would-be-successor-merz-is-a-real-german-conservative
  161. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/merz-taurus-miosga-100.html
  162. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/bundestagswahl/parteien/interview-merz-tagesthemen-100.html
  163. "Germany's Merz vows 'independence' from Trump's America, warning NATO may soon be dead"
    https://www.politico.eu/article/friedrich-merz-germany-election-united-states-donald-trump-nato/
  164. Variety
    https://variety.com/2025/global/news/germany-us-friedrich-merz-trump-berlinale-1236318647/
  165. Al Jazeera
    https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/2/24/germanys-merz-calls-for-independence-from-us-as-conservatives-win-vote
  166. German Chancellor Merz Speaks at EPC Summit: Europe's Future | DWS News | AC1I
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FnybPrqhnrs
  167. Politico
    https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-opposition-leader-friedrich-merz-attacks-government-from-the-sleeping-coach-ukraine/
  168. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
    https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/taurus-lieferung-abgelehnt-merz-kritisiert-scholz-zeitenwende-19537190.html
  169. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/merz-tagesthemen-ukraine-100.html
  170. Politico
    https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-ukraine-sign-deal-long-range-weapons-cooperation/
  171. Politico
    https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-ukraine-friedrich-merz-war-russia/
  172. "Merz says he will find a way for Netanyahu to visit Germany without being arrested"
    https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/election-winner-merz-invites-netanyahu-germany-says-israelis-office-2025-02-24/
  173. The Jerusalem Post
    https://www.jpost.com/international/article-843277
  174. Jüdische Allgemeine
    https://www.juedische-allgemeine.de/israel/merz-israel-macht-uns-allergroesste-sorgen/
  175. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/merz-klingbeil-brennpunkt-kanzlerwahl-100.html
  176. Deutschlandfunk
    https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/interview-merz-friedrich-cdu-bundesvors-vors-der-unions-bundestagsfraktion-dlf-d43e9dcb-100.html
  177. Gesichter der Demokratie
    https://www.faces-of-democracy.org/friedrich-merz/
  178. Frankfurter Rundschau
    https://www.fr.de/politik/streit-um-israel-merz-erzwingt-waffen-zusicherung-von-scholz-zr-93348379.html
  179. "Germany will send more weapons to Israel soon, Scholz says"
    https://www.reuters.com/world/germany-will-send-more-weapons-israel-soon-scholz-says-2024-10-10/
  180. Jacobin
    https://jacobin.com/2025/02/germany-palestine-merz-antisemitism-repression
  181. The Local
    https://www.thelocal.de/20250327/germanys-next-government-could-make-it-easier-to-strip-citizenship-from-dual-nationals
  182. DTJ Online
    https://dtj-online.de/merz-fuer-mehr-zusammenarbeit-tuerkei-ist-gestaerkt-und-wird-noch-groessere-rolle-spielen/
  183. Anadolu Agency
    https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/german-opposition-leader-calls-for-closer-cooperation-with-turkiye-to-secure-middle-east-peace/3419639
  184. Al Jazeera
    https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/2/24/merz-says-netanyahu-will-be-able-to-visit-germany-despite-icc-warrant
  185. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/merz-einladung-netanjahu-100.html
  186. DW News
    https://www.dw.com/en/merz-invites-netanyahu-to-germany-despite-icc-arrest-warrant/a-71788069
  187. Euronews
    https://www.euronews.com/2025/05/26/german-chancellor-merz-questions-israels-strategy-in-gaza
  188. Ynetnews
    https://www.ynetnews.com/article/lndy34vio
  189. The Times of Israel
    https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/germanys-merz-says-israel-is-doing-the-dirty-work-for-all-of-us-by-countering-iran/
  190. "Germany's Merz sees no reason to criticise Israeli, US attacks on Iran"
    https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/germanys-merz-sees-no-reason-criticise-israeli-us-attacks-iran-2025-06-23/
  191. Deutsche Welle
    https://www.dw.com/en/germany-updates-merz-condemns-russia-urges-gaza-ceasefire/live-73013207
  192. The Times of Israel
    https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/merz-germanys-support-for-israel-hasnt-changed-but-we-cannot-support-gaza-city-takeover/
  193. Politico
    https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-friedrich-merz-backlash-limit-arms-export-israel-gaza/
  194. Deutsche Welle
    https://www.dw.com/en/germany-updates-merz-visits-spain-amid-israel-differences/live-74037511
  195. Reuters
    https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/merz-germany-still-decide-whether-back-sanctions-israel-2025-09-18/
  196. Euractiv
    https://www.euractiv.com/section/eet/news/germanys-chancellor-in-waiting-backtracks-on-nuclear/
  197. Die Zeit
    https://www.zeit.de/news/2023-04/27/cdu-chef-merz-nehmen-klimaschutz-sehr-ernst
  198. Der Tagesspiegel
    https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/merz-sieht-klimaschutz-in-politik-uberbewertet-es-ist-eben-nicht-so-dass-morgen-die-welt-untergeht-9725627.html
  199. ".@_FriedrichMerz zum geplanten EU-Verbot von #Verbrennungsmotoren: Wir wollen das Ziel der CO2-Neutralität technologieoffen erreichen – nicht mit Verboten. Auch nicht mit dem Verbot des Verbrennungsmotors"
    https://x.com/CDU/status/1625142054597668864
  200. Euractiv
    https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/meet-the-conservative-german-trio-that-could-rule-europe/
  201. Tagesspiegel
    https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/cdu-politiker-merz-bezeichnet-afd-als-offen-nationalsozialistisch/23622712.html
  202. Focus Online
    https://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/haette-laengst-afd-vizepraesidenten-gewaehlt-merz-fordert-unaufgeregteren-umgang-mit-afd_id_10903897.html
  203. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/friedrich-merz-geht-auf-angela-merkel-zu-a-86dd9f24-51b1-4df8-b509-923bfca2e2fb
  204. Tagesschau
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/merz-afd-kommunen-100.html
  205. "ZDF-Sommerinterview mit Friedrich Merz"
    https://www.zdf.de/uri/969c7ae8-be44-4fe7-8661-9fdf5b26d713
  206. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jul/24/german-centre-right-leader-says-he-is-willing-to-work-with-far-right-afd-at-local-level
  207. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/cdu-breite-kritik-aeusserungen-von-friedrich-merz-zur-zusammenarbeit-mit-der-afd-a-bfcdac8d-4285-4256-825a-16f0bfeffb13
  208. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/cdu-und-afd-michael-kretschmer-wirbt-fuer-pragmatischen-umgang-mit-der-rechtspartei-a-5a478c15-9677-4d2c-9ea1-e912f51f9058
  209. t-online
    https://www.t-online.de/nachrichten/deutschland/innenpolitik/id_100196392/friedrich-merz-fuer-starke-afd-ist-die-ampel-verantwortlich.html
  210. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
    https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/merz-und-seine-brandmauer-wie-halbiert-man-die-afd-18969309.html
  211. merkur.de
    https://www.merkur.de/politik/cdu-union-chef-merz-versprechen-halbierung-afd-umfragen-bundestagswahl-92360082.html
  212. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/interview-merz-migration-100.html
  213. Jüdische Allgemeine
    https://www.juedische-allgemeine.de/politik/merz-schliesst-zusammenarbeit-mit-afd-erneut-aus/
  214. tagesschau.de
    https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/bundestag-debatte-migration-102.html
  215. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/friedrich-merz-sammlung-seiner-aussagen-zur-zusammenarbeit-mit-der-afd-a-52810f3c-6fbf-4668-82bf-22792883333f
  216. www.rnd.de
    https://www.rnd.de/politik/schaemt-euch-merz-bricht-versprechen-migrationspolitik-und-afd-mehrheit-im-bundestag-6R7DCX4UMJCHHATHNQLDIR57OQ.html
  217. Die Tageszeitung: Taz
    https://taz.de/-Bundestagsdebatte-im-Live-Ticker-/!6066358&s=brandmauer%2Bcdu%2Bafd/
  218. Politico Europe
    https://www.politico.eu/article/friedrich-merz-germany-gamble-to-accept-far-right-support-fails-in-parliament-afd-cdu-migration/
  219. Reuters
    https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/far-right-could-enable-law-first-time-modern-german-history-2025-01-31/
  220. verfassungsschutz.de
    https://www.verfassungsschutz.de/SharedDocs/pressemitteilungen/DE/2025/pressemitteilung-2025-05-02.html
  221. Politico Europe
    https://www.politico.eu/article/afd-officially-right-wing-extremist-group-germanys-intel-agency-says/
  222. Die Nachrichten
    https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/merz-gibt-sich-bei-afd-verbot-zurueckhaltend-100.html
  223. welt.de
    https://www.welt.de/print-welt/article158726/Merz-und-seine-18-Nebentaetigkeiten.html
  224. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/mehrfachverdiener-die-klaeger-gegen-das-transparenzgesetz-fotostrecke-16685.html
  225. rp-online.de
    https://rp-online.de/politik/deutschland/merz-und-riesenhuber-gehoeren-zu-den-grossverdienern_aid-11187415
  226. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/von-axa-bis-stadler-rail-friedrich-merz-nebeneinkuenfte-fotostrecke-23104.html
  227. manager-magazin.de
    https://www.manager-magazin.de/unternehmen/artikel/a-493053.html
  228. abgeordnetenwatch.de
    https://www.abgeordnetenwatch.de/profile/friedrich-merz/fragen-antworten?parliament_period=67&answered=All&page=2
  229. welt.de
    https://www.welt.de/politik/article1025572/Das-schreibt-Friedrich-Merz-seinen-Waehlern.html
  230. "Friedrich Merz will bei Wahl in Bundestag keine Nebentätigkeiten ausüben"
    https://www.rnd.de/politik/friedrich-merz-will-bei-wahl-in-bundestag-keine-nebentatigkeiten-ausuben-EB4SDRR7NVAFS2Y35LI77B2OAM.html
  231. Tagesspiegel
    https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/altlasten-des-cdu-politikers-was-friedrich-merz-frueher-forderte-und-wie-er-abstimmte/25555560.html
  232. "Klage der Abgeordneten gegen Offenlegung von Einkünften erfolglos – Pressemitteilung zum Urteil vom 4. Juli 2007 (2 BvE 1/06)"
    https://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/DE/2007/bvg07-073.html
  233. FOCUS Online
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210903202516/https://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/volle-breitseite-gegen-starjurist-merz-nebeneinkuenfte-urteil_id_2224564.html
  234. Die Zeit
    https://www.zeit.de/politik/deutschland/2018-11/friedrich-merz-cdu-vorsitz-einkommen
  235. Der Spiegel
    https://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/soziales/friedrich-merz-warum-er-nicht-zur-mittelschicht-gehoert-a-1238635.html
  236. Der Tagesspiegel Online
    https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/der-millionar-aus-der-gehobenen-mittelschicht-8433718.html
  237. DerWesten
    https://www.wp.de/staedte/altkreis-brilon/article4757312/willkommen-auf-echo-delta-kilo-oscar.html
  238. Der Tagesspiegel
    https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/was-friedrich-merz-fruher-forderte-und-wie-er-abstimmte-6603298.html
  239. "Wallstreet Online: Merz hält Einführung der Ehe für alle for richtig"
    https://www.wallstreet-online.de/nachricht/11013733-friedrich-merz-merz-haelt-einfuehrung-ehe-alle-richtig
  240. Deutsche Welle
    https://www.dw.com/en/germany-cdu-leadership-hopeful-slammed-for-comments-on-homosexuality/a-55008417
  241. Deutsche Nationalstiftung
    http://www.nationalstiftung.de/gremien
  242. Wirtschaftliche Gesellschaft für Westfalen und Lippe
    https://www.wirtschaftliche-gesellschaft.de/int-preis-des-westfaelischen-friedens/jury/
  243. KfW
    https://web.archive.org/web/20161104141847/https://www.kfw.de/Download-Center/Finanzpublikationen/Financial-publications-PDFs/1_Gesch%C3%A4ftsberichte-E/Gesch%C3%A4ftsbericht_2004_E.pdf
  244. Amtsgericht Arnsberg
    https://www.ag-arnsberg.nrw.de/behoerde/gerichtsvorstellung/index.php
  245. Westfalenpost
    https://www.wp.de/staedte/arnsberg/mit-grosser-liebe-zum-beruf-id11966866.html
  246. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/aug/18/germany.russia
  247. USA Today
    https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2025/02/23/germany-election-who-friedrich-merz/79860012007/
  248. DerWesten.de
    https://www.derwesten.de/politik/friedrich-merz-kinder-sohn-philippe-tochter-constanze-carola-id301529180.html
  249. www.morgenpost.de
    https://www.morgenpost.de/politik/article407281982/friedrich-merz-privat-charlotte-familie-kinder.html
  250. "Friedrich und Charlotte Merz Stiftung"
    https://www.merz-stiftung.de/home/
  251. Mayer Brown
    https://www.mayerbrown.com/en/people/m/merz-friedrich?tab=overview
  252. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
    https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wirtschaft/aerger-fuer-die-ludwig-erhard-stiftung-15694317.html
Image
Source:
Tip: Wheel or +/− to zoom, drag to pan, Esc to close.