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Frank Borman

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Frank Borman

Frank Frederick Borman II (March 14, 1928 – November 7, 2023) was an American United States Air Force (USAF) colonel, aeronautical engineer, NASA astronaut, test pilot, and businessman. He was the commander of Apollo 8, the first mission to fly around the Moon, and together with crewmates Jim Lovell and William Anders, became the first of 24 humans to do so, for which he was awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor. Four days before he graduated with the West Point Class of 1950, in which he was ranked eighth out of 670, Borman was commissioned in the USAF. He qualified as a fighter pilot and served in the Philippines. He earned a Master of Science degree at Caltech in 1957, and then became an assistant professor of thermodynamics and fluid mechanics at West Point. In 1960, he was selected for Class 60-C at the USAF Experimental Flight Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base in California and qualified as a test pilot. On graduation, he was accepted as one of five students in the first class at the Aerospace Research Pilot School. Borman was selected as a NASA astronaut with the second group, known as the Next Nine, in 1962. In 1966, he set a fourteen-day spaceflight endurance record as commander of Gemini 7. He served on the NASA review board which investigated the Apollo 1 fire, and then flew to the Moon with Apollo 8 in December 1968. The mission is known for the Earthrise photograph taken by Anders of the Earth rising above the lunar horizon as the Command/Service Module orbited the Moon, and for the reading from Genesis, which was televised to Earth from lunar orbit on Christmas Eve. During the Apollo 11 Moon landing mission, he was the NASA liaison at the White House, where he viewed the launch on television with President Richard Nixon. After retiring from NASA and the Air Force in 1970, Borman became senior vice president for operations at Eastern Air Lines. He became chief executive officer of Eastern in 1975, and chairman of the board in 1976. Under his leadership, Eastern went through the four most profitable years in its history, but airline deregulation and the additional debt that it took on to purchase new aircraft led to pay cuts and layoffs, and ultimately to conflict with unions, resulting in his resignation in 1986. He moved to Las Cruces, New Mexico, where he ran a Ford dealership with his son, Fred. In 1998, they bought a cattle ranch in Bighorn, Montana.

Infobox

Born
Frank Frederick Borman II(1928-03-14)March 14, 1928Gary, Indiana, U.S.
Died
November 7, 2023(2023-11-07) (aged 95)Billings, Montana, U.S.
Resting place
West Point Cemetery
Education
United States Military Academy (BS)California Institute of Technology (MS)
Spouse
mw- Susan Bugbee (m. 1950; died 2021)
Children
2
Awards
mw- Distinguished Flying Cross Air Force Distinguished Service Medal Legion of Merit Congressional Space Medal of Honor NASA Distinguished Service Medal NASA Exceptional Service Medal
Rank
Colonel, USAF
Time in space
19d 21h 35m
Selection
NASA Group 2 (1962)
Missions
Gemini 7Apollo 8
Retirement
July 1, 1970

Tables

· External links
Oldest Living American Astronaut 2016–2023
Oldest Living American Astronaut 2016–2023
Preceded byFloyd D. Hall
Preceded byJohn Glenn
Chief executive of Eastern Airlines 1975–1986
Oldest Living American Astronaut 2016–2023
Succeeded byPhil Bakes
Succeeded byJim Lovell
Preceded byFloyd D. Hall
Chief executive of Eastern Airlines 1975–1986
Succeeded byPhil Bakes
Preceded byJohn Glenn
Oldest Living American Astronaut 2016–2023
Succeeded byJim Lovell

References

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  107. Carmichael 2010, pp. 107–108, 145–146.
  108. Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2023/11/09/frank-borman-astronaut-eastern-dead/
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    https://www.nytimes.com/1970/09/23/archives/borman-gives-grim-report-on-pows.html
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    https://www.nytimes.com/1976/04/08/archives/more-than-90-cadets-at-west-point-face-charges-of-cheating-on-a.html
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    https://web.archive.org/web/20171226202843/http://www.west-point.org/users/usma1983/40768/docs/borman.html
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  116. "FRANK BORMAN NASA ASTRONAUT (FORMER)"
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  118. Sun-Sentinel
    https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-1988-02-14-8801100089-story.html
  119. Borman & Serling 1988, pp. 284–285.
  120. Fort Lauderdale News
    https://www.newspapers.com/clip/33369414/borman_praises_survivors_calm/
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  122. Borman & Serling 1988, pp. 277–279.
  123. Jennings 1989, pp. 13–14.
  124. The New York Times
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  126. The New York Times
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  127. The New York Times
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  129. New Mexico Business Journal
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  131. "Patlex – Post-Effective Agreement No. 1"
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  134. Vintage Aviation News
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  135. Apollo 8 Astronaut Colonel Frank Borman flies the P-63 Kingcobra on YouTube
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  184. Florida Today
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  186. The New York Times
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  192. "Led Zeppelin Twice Attempted To Put Neil Armstrong On Album Covers And Failed"
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  196. "About Our School"
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  197. "City of Gary, Indiana Comprehensive Plan"
    https://www.csu.edu/cerc/researchreports/documents/GaryIndianaComprehensivePlanDraft2008.pdf
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