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Florida's 1st congressional district

Updated: Wikipedia source

Florida's 1st congressional district

Florida's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U . state of Florida, covering the state's western Panhandle. It includes all of Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa counties, and portions of Walton county. The district is anchored in Pensacola and also includes the large military bedroom communities and tourist destinations of Navarre and Fort Walton Beach and stretches along the Emerald Coast. The district was previously represented by Republican Matt Gaetz. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of R+18, it is the most Republican district in Florida. Due to the election to replace Matt Gaetz, who had resigned in 2024, the district held the 2025 special election between Jimmy Patronis (R) and Gay Valimont (D), Patronis was declared the winner shortly after polls closed. Although Valimont lost, she had flipped Escambia County, becoming the first Democrat to win the county since Earl Hutto in 1992. This was one of the two special elections on April 1, the other being in Florida's 6th congressional district. The elections had national attention in 2025. According to a report by NBC News, the two Democratic candidates in these elections have raised a combined $15 million as of March 21, 2025, and 75% of donations were in the range of $200 or less. According to FEC filings, Valimont raised 6 million dollars.

Infobox

Representative
Jimmy Patronis R–Fort Walton Beach
Area
4,759 mi2 (12,330 km2)
Distribution
82 % urban 17 % rural
Population (2024)
817,541
Median household income
$77,014
Ethnicity
69 % White 12 % Black 7 % Hispanic 6 % Two or more races 2 % Asian 1 % other
Cook PVI
R 18

Tables

· Recent statewide election results
2008
2008
Year
2008
Office
President
Results
McCain 67% - 32%
2010
2010
Year
2010
Office
Senate
Results
Rubio 65% - 13%
Governor
Governor
Year
Governor
Office
Scott 68% - 32%
Attorney General
Attorney General
Year
Attorney General
Office
Bondi 68% - 25%
Chief Financial Officer
Chief Financial Officer
Year
Chief Financial Officer
Office
Atwater 68% - 25%
2012
2012
Year
2012
Office
President
Results
Romney 69% - 31%
Senate
Senate
Year
Senate
Office
Mack IV 63% - 37%
2014
2014
Year
2014
Office
Governor
Results
Scott 73% - 27%
2016
2016
Year
2016
Office
President
Results
Trump 66% - 28%
Senate
Senate
Year
Senate
Office
Rubio 70% - 26%
2018
2018
Year
2018
Office
Senate
Results
Scott 67% - 32%
Governor
Governor
Year
Governor
Office
DeSantis 67% - 32%
Attorney General
Attorney General
Year
Attorney General
Office
Moody 69% - 29%
Chief Financial Officer
Chief Financial Officer
Year
Chief Financial Officer
Office
Patronis 69% - 31%
2020
2020
Year
2020
Office
President
Results
Trump 65% - 33%
2022
2022
Year
2022
Office
Senate
Results
Rubio 72% - 27%
Governor
Governor
Year
Governor
Office
DeSantis 73% - 26%
Attorney General
Attorney General
Year
Attorney General
Office
Moody 74% - 26%
Chief Financial Officer
Chief Financial Officer
Year
Chief Financial Officer
Office
Patronis 73% - 27%
2024
2024
Year
2024
Office
President
Results
Trump 68% - 31%
Senate
Senate
Year
Senate
Office
Scott 69% - 29%
Year
Office
Results
2008
President
McCain 67% - 32%
2010
Senate
Rubio 65% - 13%
Governor
Scott 68% - 32%
Attorney General
Bondi 68% - 25%
Chief Financial Officer
Atwater 68% - 25%
2012
President
Romney 69% - 31%
Senate
Mack IV 63% - 37%
2014
Governor
Scott 73% - 27%
2016
President
Trump 66% - 28%
Senate
Rubio 70% - 26%
2018
Senate
Scott 67% - 32%
Governor
DeSantis 67% - 32%
Attorney General
Moody 69% - 29%
Chief Financial Officer
Patronis 69% - 31%
2020
President
Trump 65% - 33%
2022
Senate
Rubio 72% - 27%
Governor
DeSantis 73% - 26%
Attorney General
Moody 74% - 26%
Chief Financial Officer
Patronis 73% - 27%
2024
President
Trump 68% - 31%
Senate
Scott 69% - 29%
· List of members representing the district
District created March 4, 1875
District created March 4, 1875
Member (Residence)
District created March 4, 1875
William J. Purman (Tallahassee)
William J. Purman (Tallahassee)
Member (Residence)
William J. Purman (Tallahassee)
Party
Republican
Years
March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877
Cong ress
44th
Electoral history
Elected in 1874. Lost re-election.
District location
1875-1883 [data missing]
Robert H. M. Davidson (Quincy)
Robert H. M. Davidson (Quincy)
Member (Residence)
Robert H. M. Davidson (Quincy)
Party
Democratic
Years
March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1891
Cong ress
45th 46th 47th 48th 49th 50th 51st
Electoral history
Elected in 1876. Re-elected in 1878. Re-elected in 1880. Re-elected in 1882. Re-elected in 1884. Re-elected in 1886. Re-elected in 1888. Lost re-election.
1883-1893 [data missing]
1883-1893 [data missing]
Member (Residence)
1883-1893 [data missing]
Stephen R. Mallory (Pensacola)
Stephen R. Mallory (Pensacola)
Member (Residence)
Stephen R. Mallory (Pensacola)
Party
Democratic
Years
March 4, 1891 – March 3, 1895
Cong ress
52nd 53rd
Electoral history
Elected in 1890. Re-elected in 1892. Retired.
1893-1903 [data missing]
1893-1903 [data missing]
Member (Residence)
1893-1903 [data missing]
Stephen M. Sparkman (Tampa)
Stephen M. Sparkman (Tampa)
Member (Residence)
Stephen M. Sparkman (Tampa)
Party
Democratic
Years
March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1917
Cong ress
54th 55th 56th 57th 58th 59th 60th 61st 62nd 63rd 64th
Electoral history
Elected in 1894. Re-elected in 1896. Re-elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Re-elected in 1912. Re-elected in 1914. Retired.
1903-1913 [data missing]
1903-1913 [data missing]
Member (Residence)
1903-1913 [data missing]
1913-1933 [data missing]
1913-1933 [data missing]
Member (Residence)
1913-1933 [data missing]
Herbert J. Drane (Lakeland)
Herbert J. Drane (Lakeland)
Member (Residence)
Herbert J. Drane (Lakeland)
Party
Democratic
Years
March 4, 1917 – March 3, 1933
Cong ress
65th 66th 67th 68th 69th 70th 71st 72nd
Electoral history
Elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Re-elected in 1920. Re-elected in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Re-elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Lost renomination.
J. Hardin Peterson (Lakeland)
J. Hardin Peterson (Lakeland)
Member (Residence)
J. Hardin Peterson (Lakeland)
Party
Democratic
Years
March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1951
Cong ress
73rd 74th 75th 76th 77th 78th 79th 80th 81st
Electoral history
Elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1934. Re-elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Re-elected in 1942. Re-elected in 1944. Re-elected in 1946. Re-elected in 1948. Retired.
District location
1933-1943 [data missing]
1943-1953 [data missing]
1943-1953 [data missing]
Member (Residence)
1943-1953 [data missing]
Chester B. McMullen (Clearwater)
Chester B. McMullen (Clearwater)
Member (Residence)
Chester B. McMullen (Clearwater)
Party
Democratic
Years
January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953
Cong ress
82nd
Electoral history
Elected in 1950. Retired.
Courtney W. Campbell (Clearwater)
Courtney W. Campbell (Clearwater)
Member (Residence)
Courtney W. Campbell (Clearwater)
Party
Democratic
Years
January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
Cong ress
83rd
Electoral history
Elected in 1952. Lost re-election.
District location
1953-1963 [data missing]
William C. Cramer (St. Petersburg)
William C. Cramer (St. Petersburg)
Member (Residence)
William C. Cramer (St. Petersburg)
Party
Republican
Years
January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1963
Cong ress
84th 85th 86th 87th
Electoral history
Elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Redistricted to the 12th district.
Bob Sikes (Crestview)
Bob Sikes (Crestview)
Member (Residence)
Bob Sikes (Crestview)
Party
Democratic
Years
January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1979
Cong ress
88th 89th 90th 91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th
Electoral history
Redistricted from the 3rd district and re-elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Retired.
District location
1963-1973 [data missing]
1973-1983 [data missing]
1973-1983 [data missing]
Member (Residence)
1973-1983 [data missing]
Earl Hutto (Pensacola)
Earl Hutto (Pensacola)
Member (Residence)
Earl Hutto (Pensacola)
Party
Democratic
Years
January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1995
Cong ress
96th 97th 98th 99th 100th 101st 102nd 103rd
Electoral history
Elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Retired.
1983-1993 [data missing]
1983-1993 [data missing]
Member (Residence)
1983-1993 [data missing]
1993-2003 [data missing]
1993-2003 [data missing]
Member (Residence)
1993-2003 [data missing]
Joe Scarborough (Pensacola)
Joe Scarborough (Pensacola)
Member (Residence)
Joe Scarborough (Pensacola)
Party
Republican
Years
January 3, 1995 – September 5, 2001
Cong ress
104th 105th 106th 107th
Electoral history
Elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Resigned.
Vacant
Vacant
Member (Residence)
Vacant
Party
September 5, 2001 – October 16, 2001
Years
107th
Jeff Miller (Chumuckla)
Jeff Miller (Chumuckla)
Member (Residence)
Jeff Miller (Chumuckla)
Party
Republican
Years
October 16, 2001 – January 3, 2017
Cong ress
107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th 113th 114th
Electoral history
Elected to finish Scarborough's term. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Re-elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Retired.
2003-2013
2003-2013
Member (Residence)
2003-2013
2013–2023
2013–2023
Member (Residence)
2013–2023
Matt Gaetz (Niceville)
Matt Gaetz (Niceville)
Member (Residence)
Matt Gaetz (Niceville)
Party
Republican
Years
January 3, 2017 – November 13, 2024
Cong ress
115th 116th 117th 118th
Electoral history
Elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Re-elected in 2022. Re-elected in 2024, but resigned in expectation of nomination as US Attorney General.
2023–present
2023–present
Member (Residence)
2023–present
Vacant
Vacant
Member (Residence)
Vacant
Party
November 13, 2024 – April 2, 2025
Years
118th 119th
Cong ress
Gaetz withdrew from consideration as Attorney General but declined to be seated.
Jimmy Patronis (Fort Walton Beach)
Jimmy Patronis (Fort Walton Beach)
Member (Residence)
Jimmy Patronis (Fort Walton Beach)
Party
Republican
Years
April 2, 2025 – present
Cong ress
119th
Electoral history
Elected to finish Gaetz's term.
Member (Residence)
Party
Years
Cong ress
Electoral history
District location
District created March 4, 1875
William J. Purman (Tallahassee)
Republican
March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877
44th
Elected in 1874. Lost re-election.
1875-1883 [data missing]
Robert H. M. Davidson (Quincy)
Democratic
March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1891
45th 46th 47th 48th 49th 50th 51st
Elected in 1876. Re-elected in 1878. Re-elected in 1880. Re-elected in 1882. Re-elected in 1884. Re-elected in 1886. Re-elected in 1888. Lost re-election.
1883-1893 [data missing]
Stephen R. Mallory (Pensacola)
Democratic
March 4, 1891 – March 3, 1895
52nd 53rd
Elected in 1890. Re-elected in 1892. Retired.
1893-1903 [data missing]
Stephen M. Sparkman (Tampa)
Democratic
March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1917
54th 55th 56th 57th 58th 59th 60th 61st 62nd 63rd 64th
Elected in 1894. Re-elected in 1896. Re-elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Re-elected in 1912. Re-elected in 1914. Retired.
1903-1913 [data missing]
1913-1933 [data missing]
Herbert J. Drane (Lakeland)
Democratic
March 4, 1917 – March 3, 1933
65th 66th 67th 68th 69th 70th 71st 72nd
Elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Re-elected in 1920. Re-elected in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Re-elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Lost renomination.
J. Hardin Peterson (Lakeland)
Democratic
March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1951
73rd 74th 75th 76th 77th 78th 79th 80th 81st
Elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1934. Re-elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Re-elected in 1942. Re-elected in 1944. Re-elected in 1946. Re-elected in 1948. Retired.
1933-1943 [data missing]
1943-1953 [data missing]
Chester B. McMullen (Clearwater)
Democratic
January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1953
82nd
Elected in 1950. Retired.
Courtney W. Campbell (Clearwater)
Democratic
January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
83rd
Elected in 1952. Lost re-election.
1953-1963 [data missing]
William C. Cramer (St. Petersburg)
Republican
January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1963
84th 85th 86th 87th
Elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Redistricted to the 12th district.
Bob Sikes (Crestview)
Democratic
January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1979
88th 89th 90th 91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th
Redistricted from the 3rd district and re-elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Retired.
1963-1973 [data missing]
1973-1983 [data missing]
Earl Hutto (Pensacola)
Democratic
January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1995
96th 97th 98th 99th 100th 101st 102nd 103rd
Elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Retired.
1983-1993 [data missing]
1993-2003 [data missing]
Joe Scarborough (Pensacola)
Republican
January 3, 1995 – September 5, 2001
104th 105th 106th 107th
Elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Resigned.
Vacant
September 5, 2001 – October 16, 2001
107th
Jeff Miller (Chumuckla)
Republican
October 16, 2001 – January 3, 2017
107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th 113th 114th
Elected to finish Scarborough's term. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Re-elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Retired.
2003-2013
2013–2023
Matt Gaetz (Niceville)
Republican
January 3, 2017 – November 13, 2024
115th 116th 117th 118th
Elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Re-elected in 2022. Re-elected in 2024, but resigned in expectation of nomination as US Attorney General.
2023–present
Vacant
November 13, 2024 – April 2, 2025
118th 119th
Gaetz withdrew from consideration as Attorney General but declined to be seated.
Jimmy Patronis (Fort Walton Beach)
Republican
April 2, 2025 – present
119th
Elected to finish Gaetz's term.
Florida's 1st congressional district special election, 2001 · Recent election results › 2001 (special)
Total votes
Total votes
Party
Total votes
Party
81,071
Candidate
100
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Republican
Jeff Miller
53,547
65
Democratic
Steve Briese
22,695
27
Independent
John G. Ralls Jr.
5,115
6
Write-ins
14
0
Total votes
81,071
100
Republican hold
Florida's 1st Congressional District election (2002) · Recent election results › 2002
Total votes
Total votes
Party
Total votes
Party
204,626
Candidate
100%
Turnout
Turnout
Party
Turnout
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Republican
Jeff Miller (incumbent)
152,635
75%
Democratic
Bert Oram
51,972
25%
No party
Others
19
0
Total votes
204,626
100%
Turnout
Republican hold
Florida's 1st Congressional District election (2004) · Recent election results › 2004
Total votes
Total votes
Party
Total votes
Party
309,110
Candidate
100%
Turnout
Turnout
Party
Turnout
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
Republican
Jeff Miller (incumbent)
236,604
77%
Democratic
Mark S. Coutu
72,506
23%
Total votes
309,110
100%
Turnout
Republican hold

References

  1. "Congressional Plan--SC14-1905 (Ordered by The Florida Supreme Court, 2-December-2015)"
    https://www.flsenate.gov/usercontent/session/redistricting/map_and_stats_11x17v5b_sc14-1905.pdf
  2. "Congressional Districts Relationship Files (State-based)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20130402141525/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/cd_state.html
  3. www
    https://www.census.gov/mycd/?st=12&cd=01
  4. Cook Political Report
    https://www.cookpolitical.com/cook-pvi/2025-partisan-voting-index/district-map-and-list
  5. firstcoastnews
    https://www.firstcoastnews.com/article/news/politics/democrat-gay-valimont-flips-stronghold-escambia-county/77-7e5c5092-d098-4cff-bbe9-3de4ea48aff3
  6. Florida Politics - Campaigns & Elections. Lobbying & Government
    https://floridapolitics.com/archives/727527-early-voting-kicks-off-in-special-elections-to-replace-matt-gaetz-and-michael-waltz/
  7. NBC News
    https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/democrats-raise-millions-florida-special-elections-trump-territory-rcna197311
  8. FEC
    https://www.fec.gov/data/elections/house/FL/01/2026/
  9. "Dra 2020"
    https://davesredistricting.org/maps#viewmap::3a6791b9-a186-4691-a95c-5d51dbb3be1c
  10. https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/cong_dist/cd118/cd_based/ST12/CD118_FL01.
    https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/cong_dist/cd118/cd_based/ST12/CD118_FL01.
  11. "October 16, 2001 Special General, Congress 1 & House 1"
    https://results.elections.myflorida.com/DetailRpt.Asp?ELECTIONDATE=10/16/2001&RACE=USR&PARTY=&DIST=001&GRP=&DATAMODE=
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