Fine Gael
Updated: 12/10/2025, 10:58:55 AM Wikipedia source
Fine Gael (; Irish: [ˌfʲɪnʲə ˈɡeːl̪ˠ]; lit. 'Family (or Tribe) of the Irish') is a centre-right, liberal-conservative, Christian democratic political party in Ireland. Fine Gael is currently the third-largest party in the Republic of Ireland in terms of members of Dáil Éireann. The party had a membership of 25,000 in 2021. Simon Harris succeeded Leo Varadkar as party leader on 24 March 2024. Fine Gael was founded on 8 September 1933, following the merger of its parent party Cumann na nGaedheal, the National Centre Party and the Blueshirts. Its origins lie in the struggle for Irish independence and the pro-Treaty side in the Irish Civil War, with the party claiming the legacy of Michael Collins. In its early years, the party was commonly known as Fine Gael – The United Ireland Party, abbreviated UIP, and its official title in its constitution remains Fine Gael (United Ireland). Fine Gael holds a pro-European stance and is generally considered to be more of a proponent of economic liberalism than its traditional rival, Fianna Fáil. Fine Gael describes itself as a "party of the progressive centre" which it defines as acting "in a way that is right for Ireland, regardless of dogma or ideology". It lists its core values as "equality of opportunity, free enterprise and reward, security, integrity and hope." In international politics, the party is highly supportive of the European Union, along with generally supporting strengthened relations with the United Kingdom and opposition to physical force Irish republicanism. The party's autonomous youth wing, Young Fine Gael (YFG), was formed in 1977. Fine Gael governed in coalition with the Labour Party between 2011 and 2016, and in a minority government along with independent TDs from 2016 to 2020. It formed part of a historic coalition government with its traditional rival, Fianna Fáil, and the Green Party, with Simon Harris serving as Taoiseach until January 2025. Since January 2025, Fine Gael has been in a coalition with Fianna Fáil and independents, with Simon Harris serving as Tánaiste.
Infobox
Tables
| Leader | Portrait | Period | Constituency | Periods in office (Taoiseach unless otherwise noted) |
| Eoin O'Duffy | | 1933–1934 | Monaghan | |
| W. T. Cosgrave | | 1934–1944 | Carlow–Kilkenny | President of the Executive Council (for Cumann na nGaedheal) 1922–1932 (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Executive Council of the Irish Free State) |
| Richard Mulcahy | | 1944–1959 | Tipperary | John A. Costello as Taoiseach 1948–1951; 1954–1957(5th and 7th Government of Ireland) |
| James Dillon | | 1959–1965 | Monaghan | |
| Liam Cosgrave | | 1965–1977 | Dún Laoghaire | 1973–1977(14th Government of Ireland) |
| Garret FitzGerald | | 1977–1987 | Dublin South-East | 1981 – Feb 1982; Nov 1982–1987(17th and 19th Government of Ireland) |
| Alan Dukes | | 1987–1990 | Kildare South | |
| John Bruton | | 1990–2001 | Meath | 1994–1997(24th Government of Ireland) |
| Michael Noonan | | 2001–2002 | Limerick East | |
| Enda Kenny | | 2002–2017 | Mayo | 2011–2017(29th and 30th Government of Ireland) |
| Leo Varadkar | | 2017–2024 | Dublin West | 2017–2020; as Tánaiste 2020–2022(31st, 32nd and 33rd Government of Ireland) |
| Simon Harris | | 2024–present | Wicklow | 2024–present(34th Government of Ireland) |
| Name | Period | Constituency |
| Tom O'Higgins | 1972–1977 | Dublin County South |
| Peter Barry | 1977–1987 | Cork South-Central |
| John Bruton | 1987–1990 | Meath |
| Peter Barry | 1991–1993 | Cork South-Central |
| Nora Owen | 1993–2001 | Dublin North |
| Jim Mitchell | 2001–2002 | Dublin Central |
| Richard Bruton | 2002–2010 | Dublin North-Central |
| James Reilly | 2010–2017 | Dublin North |
| Simon Coveney | 2017–2024 | Cork South-Central |
| Heather Humphreys | Apr.–Oct. 2024 | Cavan–Monaghan |
| Helen McEntee | 2024–present | Meath East |
| Name | Period | Panel |
| Michael J. O'Higgins | 1973–1977 | Nominated member of Seanad Éireann |
| Patrick Cooney | 1977–1981 | Cultural and Educational Panel |
| Gemma Hussey | 1981–1982 | National University of Ireland |
| James Dooge | 1982–1987 | National University of Ireland |
| Maurice Manning | 1987–2002 | Cultural and Educational Panel |
| Brian Hayes | 2002–2007 | Cultural and Educational Panel |
| Michael Finucane | 2007 (acting) | Labour Panel |
| Frances Fitzgerald | 2007–2011 | Labour Panel |
| Maurice Cummins | 2011–2016 | Labour Panel |
| Jerry Buttimer | 2016–2020 | Labour Panel |
| Regina Doherty | 2020–2024 | Nominated member of Seanad Éireann |
| Seán Kyne | 2024–present | Cultural and Educational Panel |
| Election | Leader | FPv | % | Seats | % | ± | Dáil | Government |
| 1937 | W. T. Cosgrave | 461,171 | 34.8 (#2) | 48 / 138 | 34.8 (#2) | 11 | 9th | Opposition8th executive,1st government(FF minority) |
| 1938 | 428,633 | 33.3 (#2) | 45 / 138 | 32.6 (#2) | 3 | 10th | Opposition2nd government(FF majority) | |
| 1943 | 307,490 | 23.1 (#2) | 32 / 138 | 23.2 (#2) | 12 | 11th | Opposition3rd government(FF minority) | |
| 1944 | Richard Mulcahy | 249,329 | 20.5 (#2) | 30 / 138 | 21.7 (#2) | 2 | 12th | Opposition4th government(FF majority) |
| 1948 | 262,393 | 19.8 (#2) | 31 / 147 | 21.1 (#2) | 1 | 13th | Government5th government(FG-Lab-CnP-CnT-NL-MR-Ind majority) | |
| 1951 | 349,922 | 25.8 (#2) | 40 / 147 | 27.2 (#2) | 9 | 14th | Opposition6th government(FF minority) | |
| 1954 | 427,031 | 32.0 (#2) | 50 / 147 | 34.0 (#2) | 10 | 15th | Government7th government(FG-Lab-CnT minority) | |
| 1957 | 326,699 | 26.6 (#2) | 40 / 147 | 27.2 (#2) | 10 | 16th | Opposition8th, 9th government(FF majority) | |
| 1961 | James Dillon | 374,099 | 32.0 (#2) | 47 / 144 | 32.6 (#2) | 7 | 17th | Opposition10th government(FF minority) |
| 1965 | 427,081 | 34.1 (#2) | 47 / 144 | 32.6 (#2) | | 18th | Opposition11th, 12th government(FF majority) | |
| 1969 | Liam Cosgrave | 449,749 | 34.1 (#2) | 50 / 144 | 34.7 (#2) | 3 | 19th | Opposition13th government(FF majority) |
| 1973 | 473,781 | 35.1 (#2) | 54 / 144 | 37.5 (#2) | 4 | 20th | Government14th government(FG-Lab majority) | |
| 1977 | 488,767 | 30.5 (#2) | 43 / 148 | 29.1 (#2) | 11 | 21st | Opposition15th, 16th government(FF majority) | |
| 1981 | Garret FitzGerald | 626,376 | 36.5 (#2) | 65 / 166 | 39.2 (#2) | 22 | 22nd | Government17th government(FG-Lab minority) |
| Feb. 1982 | 621,088 | 37.3 (#2) | 63 / 166 | 38.0 (#2) | 2 | 23rd | Opposition18th government(FF minority) | |
| Nov. 1982 | 662,284 | 39.2 (#2) | 70 / 166 | 42.2 (#2) | 7 | 24th | Government19th government(FG-Lab majority) | |
| 1987 | 481,127 | 27.1 (#2) | 51 / 166 | 30.7 (#2) | 19 | 25th | Opposition20th government(FF minority) | |
| 1989 | Alan Dukes | 485,307 | 29.3 (#2) | 55 / 166 | 33.1 (#2) | 4 | 26th | Opposition21st, 22nd government(FF-PD majority) |
| 1992 | John Bruton | 422,106 | 24.5 (#2) | 45 / 166 | 27.1 (#2) | 10 | 27th | Opposition23rd government(FF-Lab majority) |
| Government24th government(FG-Lab-DL majority) | ||||||||
| 1997 | 499,936 | 27.9 (#2) | 54 / 166 | 32.5 (#2) | 9 | 28th | Opposition25th government(FF-PD minority) | |
| 2002 | Michael Noonan | 417,619 | 22.5 (#2) | 31 / 166 | 18.7 (#2) | 23 | 29th | Opposition26th government(FF-PD majority) |
| 2007 | Enda Kenny | 564,428 | 27.3 (#2) | 51 / 166 | 30.7 (#2) | 20 | 30th | Opposition27th, 28th government(FF-GP-PD/Ind majority) |
| 2011 | 801,628 | 36.1 (#1) | 76 / 166 | 45.8 (#1) | 25 | 31st | Government29th government(FG-Lab supermajority) | |
| 2016 | 544,410 | 25.5 (#1) | 50 / 158 | 31.7 (#1) | 26 | 32nd | Government30th, 31st government(FG-Ind minority) | |
| 2020 | Leo Varadkar | 455,568 | 20.9 (#3) | 35 / 160 | 21.9 (#3) | 15 | 33rd | Government32nd, 33rd, 34th government(FF-FG-GP majority) |
| 2024 | Simon Harris | 458,134 | 20.8 (#2) | 38 / 174 | 21.8 (#3) | 3 | 34th | Government35th government(FF-FG-Ind majority) |
| Election | Candidate | FPv | % | +/– | Position |
| 1938 | Supported Douglas Hyde as an independent | ||||
| 1945 | Seán Mac Eoin | 335,539 | 30.9 | — | 2 |
| 1952 | Did not contest the election | ||||
| 1959 | Seán Mac Eoin | 417,536 | 43.7 | 12.8 | 2 |
| 1966 | Tom O'Higgins | 548,144 | 49.5 | 5.8 | 2 |
| 1973 | Tom O'Higgins | 587,771 | 48.0 | 1.5 | 2 |
| 1974 | Supported Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh with Fianna Fáil per agreement | ||||
| 1976 | Did not contest the election | ||||
| 1990 | Austin Currie | 267,902 | 17.0 | 31.0 | 3 |
| 1997 | Mary Banotti | 372,002 | 29.3 | 12.3 | 2 |
| 2004 | Supported Mary McAleese as an independent | ||||
| 2011 | Gay Mitchell | 113,321 | 6.4 | 22.9 | 4 |
| 2018 | Endorsed Michael D Higgins as an independent | ||||
| 2025 | Heather Humphreys | 424,987 | 29.5 | 23.1 | 2 |
| Election | Leader | FPv | % | Seats | % | +/− | EP Group | EP Party | ||
| 1979 | Garret FitzGerald | 464,451 | 33.1 (#2) | 4 / 15 | 26.7 (#2) | New | EPP | EPP | ||
| 1984 | 361,034 | 32.2 (#2) | 6 / 15 | 40.0 (#2) | 2 | |||||
| 1989 | Alan Dukes | 353,094 | 21.6 (#2) | 4 / 15 | 26.7 (#2) | 2 | ||||
| 1994 | John Bruton | 276,095 | 24.3 (#2) | 4 / 15 | 26.7 (#2) | | ||||
| 1999 | 342,171 | 24.6 (#2) | 4 / 15 | 26.7 (#2) | | EPP-ED | ||||
| 2004 | Enda Kenny | 494,412 | 27.8 (#1) | 5 / 13 | 38.5 (#1) | 1 | EPP | |||
| 2009 | 532,889 | 29.1 (#1) | 4 / 12 | 33.3 (#1) | 1 | |||||
| 2014 | 369,120 | 38.5 (#1) | 4 / 11 | 36.4 (#1) | | |||||
| 2019 | Leo Varadkar | 496,459 | 29.6 (#1) | 5 / 13 | 38.5 (#1) | 1 | ||||
| 2024 | Simon Harris | 362,766 | 20.8 (#1) | 4 / 14 | 28.6 (#1) | 1 | ||||
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