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Europe

Updated: Wikipedia source

Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east. Europe shares the landmass of Eurasia with Asia, and of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. Europe is commonly considered to be separated from Asia by the watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea, and the Turkish straits. Europe covers approx. 10,186,000 square kilometres (3,933,000 sq mi), or 2% of Earth's surface (6.8% of Earth's land area), making it the second-smallest continent (using the seven-continent model). Politically, Europe is divided into about fifty sovereign states, of which Russia is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of about 745 million (about 10% of the world population) in 2021; the third-largest after Asia and Africa. The European climate is affected by warm Atlantic currents, such as the Gulf Stream, which produce a temperate climate, tempering winters and summers, on much of the continent. Further from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable producing more continental climates. The culture of Europe consists of a range of national and regional cultures, which form the central roots of the wider Western civilisation, and together commonly reference ancient Greece and ancient Rome, particularly through their Christian successors, as crucial and shared roots. Beginning with the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE, Christian consolidation of Europe in the wake of the Migration Period marked the European post-classical Middle Ages. The Italian Renaissance spread across many Western European countries, adapting to local contexts and giving rise to distinct national expressions. The renewed humanist emphasis on art and science was among the several factors that contributed to the broader transition to the modern era. Since the Age of Discovery, led by Spain and Portugal, Europe played a predominant role in global affairs with multiple explorations and conquests around the world. Between the 16th and 20th centuries, European powers colonised at various times the Americas, almost all of Africa and Oceania, and the majority of Asia. The Age of Enlightenment, the French Revolution, and the Napoleonic Wars shaped the continent culturally, politically, and economically from the end of the 17th century until the first half of the 19th century. The Industrial Revolution, which began in Great Britain at the end of the 18th century, gave rise to radical economic, cultural, and social change in Western Europe and eventually the wider world. Both world wars began and were fought to a great extent in Europe, contributing to a decline in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet Union and the United States took prominence and competed over ideological dominance and international influence in Europe and globally. The resulting Cold War divided Europe along the Iron Curtain, with NATO in the West and the Warsaw Pact in the East. This divide ended with the Revolutions of 1989, the fall of the Berlin Wall, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union, which allowed European integration to advance significantly. European integration has been advanced institutionally since 1948 with the founding of the Council of Europe, and significantly through the realisation of the European Union (EU), which represents today the majority of Europe. The European Union is a supranational political entity that lies between a confederation and a federation and is based on a system of European treaties. The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. A majority of its members have adopted a common currency, the euro, and participate in the European single market and a customs union. A large bloc of countries, the Schengen Area, have also abolished internal border and immigration controls. Regular popular elections take place every five years within the EU; they are considered the second-largest democratic elections in the world after India's. The EU economy is the second-largest in the world by nominal GDP and third-largest by PPP-adjusted GDP.

Infobox

Area
c. 10,186,000 square kilometres (3,933,000 sq mi) (6th).mw- [a]
Population
745,173,774 (2021; 3rd)
Population density
72.9/km2 (188/sq mi) (2nd)
GDP (PPP)
$43.53 trillion (2025 est; 2nd)
GDP (nominal)
$28.22 trillion (2025 est; 3rd)
GDP per capita
$38,270 (2025 est; 3rd)[c]
HDI
0.845
Religions
mw- Christianity (76.2%)No religion (18.3%)Islam (4.9%)Other (0.6%)
Demonym
European
Countries
Sovereign (44–50)De facto (2–5)
Dependencies
External (5–6)Internal (3)
Languages
Most common: .inline, .inline dl, .inline ol, .inline ul, dl dl, dl ol, dl ul, ol dl, ol ol dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd ol li RussianGermanFrenchItalianEnglishSpanishPolishUkrainianRomanianDutchSwedishSerbo-Croatian
Time zones
UTC−1 to UTC 5
Largest cities
Largest urban areas:MoscowIstanbul[b]ParisLondonMadridEssen-DüsseldorfSaint PetersburgMilanBarcelonaBerlin
UN M49 code
150 – Europe001 – World

Tables

Temperatures in °C · Geography › Climate
Reykjavík
Reykjavík
Location
Reykjavík
Latitude
64 N
Longitude
22 W
Coldestmonth
0.1
Hottestmonth
11.2
Annualaverage
4.7
Umeå
Umeå
Location
Umeå
Latitude
64 N
Longitude
20 E
Coldestmonth
−6.2
Hottestmonth
16.0
Annualaverage
3.9
Oulu
Oulu
Location
Oulu
Latitude
65 N
Longitude
25.5 E
Coldestmonth
−9.6
Hottestmonth
16.5
Annualaverage
2.7
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk
Location
Arkhangelsk
Latitude
64.5 N
Longitude
40.5 E
Coldestmonth
−12.7
Hottestmonth
16.3
Annualaverage
1.3
Lerwick
Lerwick
Location
Lerwick
Latitude
60 N
Longitude
1 W
Coldestmonth
3.5
Hottestmonth
12.4
Annualaverage
7.4
Stockholm
Stockholm
Location
Stockholm
Latitude
59.5 N
Longitude
19 E
Coldestmonth
−1.7
Hottestmonth
18.4
Annualaverage
7.4
Helsinki
Helsinki
Location
Helsinki
Latitude
60 N
Longitude
25 E
Coldestmonth
−4.7
Hottestmonth
17.8
Annualaverage
5.9
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg
Location
Saint Petersburg
Latitude
60 N
Longitude
30 E
Coldestmonth
−5.8
Hottestmonth
18.8
Annualaverage
5.8
Edinburgh
Edinburgh
Location
Edinburgh
Latitude
55.5 N
Longitude
3 W
Coldestmonth
4.2
Hottestmonth
15.3
Annualaverage
9.3
Copenhagen
Copenhagen
Location
Copenhagen
Latitude
55.5 N
Longitude
12 E
Coldestmonth
1.4
Hottestmonth
18.1
Annualaverage
9.1
Klaipėda
Klaipėda
Location
Klaipėda
Latitude
55.5 N
Longitude
21 E
Coldestmonth
−1.3
Hottestmonth
17.9
Annualaverage
8.0
Moscow
Moscow
Location
Moscow
Latitude
55.5 N
Longitude
30 E
Coldestmonth
−6.5
Hottestmonth
19.2
Annualaverage
5.8
Isles of Scilly
Isles of Scilly
Location
Isles of Scilly
Latitude
50 N
Longitude
6 W
Coldestmonth
7.9
Hottestmonth
16.9
Annualaverage
11.8
Brussels
Brussels
Location
Brussels
Latitude
50.5 N
Longitude
4 E
Coldestmonth
3.3
Hottestmonth
18.4
Annualaverage
10.5
Kraków
Kraków
Location
Kraków
Latitude
50 N
Longitude
20 E
Coldestmonth
−2.0
Hottestmonth
19.2
Annualaverage
8.7
Kyiv
Kyiv
Location
Kyiv
Latitude
50.5 N
Longitude
30 E
Coldestmonth
−3.5
Hottestmonth
20.5
Annualaverage
8.4
Bordeaux
Bordeaux
Location
Bordeaux
Latitude
45 N
Longitude
0
Coldestmonth
6.6
Hottestmonth
21.4
Annualaverage
13.8
Venice
Venice
Location
Venice
Latitude
45.5 N
Longitude
12 E
Coldestmonth
3.3
Hottestmonth
23.0
Annualaverage
13.0
Belgrade
Belgrade
Location
Belgrade
Latitude
45 N
Longitude
20 E
Coldestmonth
1.4
Hottestmonth
23.0
Annualaverage
12.5
Astrakhan
Astrakhan
Location
Astrakhan
Latitude
46 N
Longitude
48 E
Coldestmonth
−3.7
Hottestmonth
25.6
Annualaverage
10.5
Coimbra
Coimbra
Location
Coimbra
Latitude
40 N
Longitude
8 W
Coldestmonth
10.1
Hottestmonth
22.4
Annualaverage
16.2
Valencia
Valencia
Location
Valencia
Latitude
39.5 N
Longitude
0
Coldestmonth
12.1
Hottestmonth
26.5
Annualaverage
18.6
Naples
Naples
Location
Naples
Latitude
40.5 N
Longitude
14 E
Coldestmonth
9.1
Hottestmonth
26.2
Annualaverage
17.0
Istanbul
Istanbul
Location
Istanbul
Latitude
41 N
Longitude
29 E
Coldestmonth
5.9
Hottestmonth
24.2
Annualaverage
14.4
Location
Latitude
Longitude
Coldestmonth
Hottestmonth
Annualaverage
Reykjavík
64 N
22 W
0.1
11.2
4.7
Umeå
64 N
20 E
−6.2
16.0
3.9
Oulu
65 N
25.5 E
−9.6
16.5
2.7
Arkhangelsk
64.5 N
40.5 E
−12.7
16.3
1.3
Lerwick
60 N
1 W
3.5
12.4
7.4
Stockholm
59.5 N
19 E
−1.7
18.4
7.4
Helsinki
60 N
25 E
−4.7
17.8
5.9
Saint Petersburg
60 N
30 E
−5.8
18.8
5.8
Edinburgh
55.5 N
3 W
4.2
15.3
9.3
Copenhagen
55.5 N
12 E
1.4
18.1
9.1
Klaipėda
55.5 N
21 E
−1.3
17.9
8.0
Moscow
55.5 N
30 E
−6.5
19.2
5.8
Isles of Scilly
50 N
6 W
7.9
16.9
11.8
Brussels
50.5 N
4 E
3.3
18.4
10.5
Kraków
50 N
20 E
−2.0
19.2
8.7
Kyiv
50.5 N
30 E
−3.5
20.5
8.4
Bordeaux
45 N
0
6.6
21.4
13.8
Venice
45.5 N
12 E
3.3
23.0
13.0
Belgrade
45 N
20 E
1.4
23.0
12.5
Astrakhan
46 N
48 E
−3.7
25.6
10.5
Coimbra
40 N
8 W
10.1
22.4
16.2
Valencia
39.5 N
0
12.1
26.5
18.6
Naples
40.5 N
14 E
9.1
26.2
17.0
Istanbul
41 N
29 E
5.9
24.2
14.4
· List of states and territories
= Member state of the EU
· List of states and territories
Albania
Albania
Arms
Flag
Name
Albania
Area(km2)
28,748
Population
2,876,591
Populationdensity(per km2)
98.5
Capital
Tirana
Name(s) in official language(s)
Shqipëria
Andorra
Andorra
Arms
Flag
Name
Andorra
Area(km2)
468
Population
77,281
Populationdensity(per km2)
179.8
Capital
Andorra la Vella
Name(s) in official language(s)
Andorra
Armenia
Armenia
Arms
Flag
Name
Armenia
Area(km2)
29,743
Population
2,924,816
Populationdensity(per km2)
101.5
Capital
Yerevan
Name(s) in official language(s)
Հայաստան (Hayastan)
Austria*
Austria*
Arms
Flag
Name
Austria*
Area(km2)
83,858
Population
8,823,054
Populationdensity(per km2)
104
Capital
Vienna
Name(s) in official language(s)
Österreich
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Arms
Flag
Name
Azerbaijan
Area(km2)
86,600
Population
9,911,646
Populationdensity(per km2)
113
Capital
Baku
Name(s) in official language(s)
Azərbaycan
Belarus
Belarus
Arms
Flag
Name
Belarus
Area(km2)
207,560
Population
9,504,700
Populationdensity(per km2)
45.8
Capital
Minsk
Name(s) in official language(s)
Беларусь (Belaruś)
Belgium*
Belgium*
Arms
Flag
Name
Belgium*
Area(km2)
30,528
Population
11,358,357
Populationdensity(per km2)
372.06
Capital
Brussels
Name(s) in official language(s)
België/Belgique/Belgien
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Arms
Flag
Name
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Area(km2)
51,129
Population
3,531,159
Populationdensity(per km2)
68.97
Capital
Sarajevo
Name(s) in official language(s)
Bosna i Hercegovina/Боснa и Херцеговина
Bulgaria*
Bulgaria*
Arms
Flag
Name
Bulgaria*
Area(km2)
110,910
Population
7,101,859
Populationdensity(per km2)
64.9
Capital
Sofia
Name(s) in official language(s)
България (Bǎlgariya)
Croatia*
Croatia*
Arms
Flag
Name
Croatia*
Area(km2)
56,594
Population
3,871,833
Populationdensity(per km2)
68.4
Capital
Zagreb
Name(s) in official language(s)
Hrvatska
Cyprus*
Cyprus*
Arms
Flag
Name
Cyprus*
Area(km2)
9,251
Population
1,170,125
Populationdensity(per km2)
123.4
Capital
Nicosia
Name(s) in official language(s)
Κύπρος (Kýpros)/Kıbrıs
Czech Republic*
Czech Republic*
Arms
Flag
Name
Czech Republic*
Area(km2)
78,866
Population
10,610,947
Populationdensity(per km2)
134
Capital
Prague
Name(s) in official language(s)
Česko
Denmark*
Denmark*
Arms
Flag
Name
Denmark*
Area(km2)
43,094
Population
6,001,008
Populationdensity(per km2)
139.25
Capital
Copenhagen
Name(s) in official language(s)
Danmark
Estonia*
Estonia*
Arms
Flag
Name
Estonia*
Area(km2)
45,226
Population
1,328,439
Populationdensity(per km2)
30.5
Capital
Tallinn
Name(s) in official language(s)
Eesti
Finland*
Finland*
Arms
Flag
Name
Finland*
Area(km2)
338,455
Population
5,509,717
Populationdensity(per km2)
16
Capital
Helsinki
Name(s) in official language(s)
Suomi/Finland
France*
France*
Flag
Name
France*
Area(km2)
547,030
Population
67,348,000
Populationdensity(per km2)
116
Capital
Paris
Name(s) in official language(s)
France
Georgia
Georgia
Arms
Flag
Name
Georgia
Area(km2)
69,700
Population
3,718,200
Populationdensity(per km2)
53.5
Capital
Tbilisi
Name(s) in official language(s)
საქართველო (Sakartvelo)
Germany*
Germany*
Arms
Flag
Name
Germany*
Area(km2)
357,168
Population
82,800,000
Populationdensity(per km2)
232
Capital
Berlin
Name(s) in official language(s)
Deutschland
Greece*
Greece*
Arms
Flag
Name
Greece*
Area(km2)
131,957
Population
10,297,760
Populationdensity(per km2)
82
Capital
Athens
Name(s) in official language(s)
Ελλάδα (Elláda)
Hungary*
Hungary*
Arms
Flag
Name
Hungary*
Area(km2)
93,030
Population
9,797,561
Populationdensity(per km2)
105.3
Capital
Budapest
Name(s) in official language(s)
Magyarország
Iceland
Iceland
Arms
Flag
Name
Iceland
Area(km2)
103,000
Population
350,710
Populationdensity(per km2)
3.2
Capital
Reykjavík
Name(s) in official language(s)
Ísland
Ireland*
Ireland*
Arms
Flag
Name
Ireland*
Area(km2)
70,280
Population
4,761,865
Populationdensity(per km2)
67.7
Capital
Dublin
Name(s) in official language(s)
Éire/Ireland
Italy*
Italy*
Arms
Flag
Name
Italy*
Area(km2)
301,338
Population
58,968,501
Populationdensity(per km2)
195.7
Capital
Rome
Name(s) in official language(s)
Italia
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Arms
Flag
Name
Kazakhstan
Area(km2)
148,000
Population
20,075,271
Populationdensity(per km2)
7
Capital
Astana
Name(s) in official language(s)
Қазақстан (Qazaqstan)
Latvia*
Latvia*
Arms
Flag
Name
Latvia*
Area(km2)
64,589
Population
1,862,700
Populationdensity(per km2)
29
Capital
Riga
Name(s) in official language(s)
Latvija
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein
Arms
Flag
Name
Liechtenstein
Area(km2)
160
Population
38,111
Populationdensity(per km2)
227
Capital
Vaduz
Name(s) in official language(s)
Liechtenstein
Lithuania*
Lithuania*
Arms
Flag
Name
Lithuania*
Area(km2)
65,300
Population
2,800,667
Populationdensity(per km2)
45.8
Capital
Vilnius
Name(s) in official language(s)
Lietuva
Luxembourg*
Luxembourg*
Arms
Flag
Name
Luxembourg*
Area(km2)
2,586
Population
602,005
Populationdensity(per km2)
233.7
Capital
Luxembourg City
Name(s) in official language(s)
Lëtzebuerg/Luxemburg/Luxembourg
Malta*
Malta*
Arms
Flag
Name
Malta*
Area(km2)
316
Population
445,426
Populationdensity(per km2)
1,410
Capital
Valletta
Name(s) in official language(s)
Malta
Moldova
Moldova
Arms
Flag
Name
Moldova
Area(km2)
33,846
Population
3,434,547
Populationdensity(per km2)
101.5
Capital
Chișinău
Name(s) in official language(s)
Moldova
Monaco
Monaco
Arms
Flag
Name
Monaco
Area(km2)
2.020
Population
38,400
Populationdensity(per km2)
18,713
Capital
Monaco
Name(s) in official language(s)
Monaco
Montenegro
Montenegro
Arms
Flag
Name
Montenegro
Area(km2)
13,812
Population
642,550
Populationdensity(per km2)
45.0
Capital
Podgorica
Name(s) in official language(s)
Crna Gora/Црна Гора
Netherlands*
Netherlands*
Arms
Flag
Name
Netherlands*
Area(km2)
41,543
Population
17,271,990
Populationdensity(per km2)
414.9
Capital
Amsterdam
Name(s) in official language(s)
Nederland
North Macedonia
North Macedonia
Arms
Flag
Name
North Macedonia
Area(km2)
25,713
Population
2,103,721
Populationdensity(per km2)
80.1
Capital
Skopje
Name(s) in official language(s)
Северна Македонија (Severna Makedonija)
Norway
Norway
Arms
Flag
Name
Norway
Area(km2)
385,203
Population
5,295,619
Populationdensity(per km2)
15.8
Capital
Oslo
Name(s) in official language(s)
Norge/Noreg/Norga
Poland*
Poland*
Arms
Flag
Name
Poland*
Area(km2)
312,685
Population
38,422,346
Populationdensity(per km2)
123.5
Capital
Warsaw
Name(s) in official language(s)
Polska
Portugal*
Portugal*
Arms
Flag
Name
Portugal*
Area(km2)
92,212
Population
10,379,537
Populationdensity(per km2)
115
Capital
Lisbon
Name(s) in official language(s)
Portugal
Romania*
Romania*
Arms
Flag
Name
Romania*
Area(km2)
238,397
Population
18,999,642
Populationdensity(per km2)
84.4
Capital
Bucharest
Name(s) in official language(s)
România
Russia
Russia
Arms
Flag
Name
Russia
Area(km2)
3,969,100
Population
144,526,636
Populationdensity(per km2)
8.4
Capital
Moscow
Name(s) in official language(s)
Россия (Rossiya)
San Marino
San Marino
Arms
Flag
Name
San Marino
Area(km2)
61.2
Population
33,285
Populationdensity(per km2)
520
Capital
San Marino
Name(s) in official language(s)
San Marino
Serbia
Serbia
Arms
Flag
Name
Serbia
Area(km2)
88,361
Population
7,040,272
Populationdensity(per km2)
91.1
Capital
Belgrade
Name(s) in official language(s)
Srbija/Србија
Slovakia*
Slovakia*
Arms
Flag
Name
Slovakia*
Area(km2)
49,035
Population
5,435,343
Populationdensity(per km2)
111.0
Capital
Bratislava
Name(s) in official language(s)
Slovensko
Slovenia*
Slovenia*
Arms
Flag
Name
Slovenia*
Area(km2)
20,273
Population
2,066,880
Populationdensity(per km2)
101.8
Capital
Ljubljana
Name(s) in official language(s)
Slovenija
Spain*
Spain*
Arms
Flag
Name
Spain*
Area(km2)
505,990
Population
49,442,844
Populationdensity(per km2)
97
Capital
Madrid
Name(s) in official language(s)
España
Sweden*
Sweden*
Arms
Flag
Name
Sweden*
Area(km2)
450,295
Population
10,151,588
Populationdensity(per km2)
22.5
Capital
Stockholm
Name(s) in official language(s)
Sverige
Switzerland
Switzerland
Arms
Flag
Name
Switzerland
Area(km2)
41,285
Population
8,401,120
Populationdensity(per km2)
202
Capital
Bern
Name(s) in official language(s)
Schweiz/Suisse/Svizzera/Svizra
Turkey
Turkey
Flag
Name
Turkey
Area(km2)
23,764
Population
84,680,273
Populationdensity(per km2)
106.7
Capital
Ankara
Name(s) in official language(s)
Türkiye
Ukraine
Ukraine
Arms
Flag
Name
Ukraine
Area(km2)
603,628
Population
42,418,235
Populationdensity(per km2)
73.8
Capital
Kyiv
Name(s) in official language(s)
Україна (Ukraina)
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Arms
Flag
Name
United Kingdom
Area(km2)
244,376
Population
68,265,209
Populationdensity(per km2)
281
Capital
London
Name(s) in official language(s)
United Kingdom
Vatican City
Vatican City
Arms
Flag
Name
Vatican City
Area(km2)
0.44
Population
1,000
Populationdensity(per km2)
2,272
Capital
Vatican City
Name(s) in official language(s)
Città del Vaticano/Civitas Vaticana
10,180,000
10,180,000
Arms
Total
Flag
50
Name
10,180,000
Area(km2)
743,000,000
Population
73
Arms
Flag
Name
Area(km2)
Population
Populationdensity(per km2)
Capital
Name(s) in official language(s)
Albania
28,748
2,876,591
98.5
Tirana
Shqipëria
Andorra
468
77,281
179.8
Andorra la Vella
Andorra
Armenia
29,743
2,924,816
101.5
Yerevan
Հայաստան (Hayastan)
Austria*
83,858
8,823,054
104
Vienna
Österreich
Azerbaijan
86,600
9,911,646
113
Baku
Azərbaycan
Belarus
207,560
9,504,700
45.8
Minsk
Беларусь (Belaruś)
Belgium*
30,528
11,358,357
372.06
Brussels
België/Belgique/Belgien
Bosnia and Herzegovina
51,129
3,531,159
68.97
Sarajevo
Bosna i Hercegovina/Боснa и Херцеговина
Bulgaria*
110,910
7,101,859
64.9
Sofia
България (Bǎlgariya)
Croatia*
56,594
3,871,833
68.4
Zagreb
Hrvatska
Cyprus*
9,251
1,170,125
123.4
Nicosia
Κύπρος (Kýpros)/Kıbrıs
Czech Republic*
78,866
10,610,947
134
Prague
Česko
Denmark*
43,094
6,001,008
139.25
Copenhagen
Danmark
Estonia*
45,226
1,328,439
30.5
Tallinn
Eesti
Finland*
338,455
5,509,717
16
Helsinki
Suomi/Finland
France*
547,030
67,348,000
116
Paris
France
Georgia
69,700
3,718,200
53.5
Tbilisi
საქართველო (Sakartvelo)
Germany*
357,168
82,800,000
232
Berlin
Deutschland
Greece*
131,957
10,297,760
82
Athens
Ελλάδα (Elláda)
Hungary*
93,030
9,797,561
105.3
Budapest
Magyarország
Iceland
103,000
350,710
3.2
Reykjavík
Ísland
Ireland*
70,280
4,761,865
67.7
Dublin
Éire/Ireland
Italy*
301,338
58,968,501
195.7
Rome
Italia
Kazakhstan
148,000
20,075,271
7
Astana
Қазақстан (Qazaqstan)
Latvia*
64,589
1,862,700
29
Riga
Latvija
Liechtenstein
160
38,111
227
Vaduz
Liechtenstein
Lithuania*
65,300
2,800,667
45.8
Vilnius
Lietuva
Luxembourg*
2,586
602,005
233.7
Luxembourg City
Lëtzebuerg/Luxemburg/Luxembourg
Malta*
316
445,426
1,410
Valletta
Malta
Moldova
33,846
3,434,547
101.5
Chișinău
Moldova
Monaco
2.020
38,400
18,713
Monaco
Monaco
Montenegro
13,812
642,550
45.0
Podgorica
Crna Gora/Црна Гора
Netherlands*
41,543
17,271,990
414.9
Amsterdam
Nederland
North Macedonia
25,713
2,103,721
80.1
Skopje
Северна Македонија (Severna Makedonija)
Norway
385,203
5,295,619
15.8
Oslo
Norge/Noreg/Norga
Poland*
312,685
38,422,346
123.5
Warsaw
Polska
Portugal*
92,212
10,379,537
115
Lisbon
Portugal
Romania*
238,397
18,999,642
84.4
Bucharest
România
Russia
3,969,100
144,526,636
8.4
Moscow
Россия (Rossiya)
San Marino
61.2
33,285
520
San Marino
San Marino
Serbia
88,361
7,040,272
91.1
Belgrade
Srbija/Србија
Slovakia*
49,035
5,435,343
111.0
Bratislava
Slovensko
Slovenia*
20,273
2,066,880
101.8
Ljubljana
Slovenija
Spain*
505,990
49,442,844
97
Madrid
España
Sweden*
450,295
10,151,588
22.5
Stockholm
Sverige
Switzerland
41,285
8,401,120
202
Bern
Schweiz/Suisse/Svizzera/Svizra
Turkey
23,764
84,680,273
106.7
Ankara
Türkiye
Ukraine
603,628
42,418,235
73.8
Kyiv
Україна (Ukraina)
United Kingdom
244,376
68,265,209
281
London
United Kingdom
· List of states and territories
Abkhazia
Abkhazia
Symbol
Flag
Name
Abkhazia
Area(km2)
8,660
Population
243,206
Population density(per km2)
28
Capital
Sokhumi
Kosovo
Kosovo
Symbol
Flag
Name
Kosovo
Area(km2)
10,908
Population
1,920,079
Population density(per km2)
159
Capital
Pristina
Northern Cyprus
Northern Cyprus
Symbol
Flag
Name
Northern Cyprus
Area(km2)
3,355
Population
313,626
Population density(per km2)
93
Capital
Nicosia (northern part)
South Ossetia
South Ossetia
Symbol
Flag
Name
South Ossetia
Area(km2)
3,900
Population
53,532
Population density(per km2)
13.7
Capital
Tskhinvali
Transnistria
Transnistria
Symbol
Flag
Name
Transnistria
Area(km2)
4,163
Population
475,665
Population density(per km2)
114
Capital
Tiraspol
Symbol
Flag
Name
Area(km2)
Population
Population density(per km2)
Capital
Abkhazia
8,660
243,206
28
Sokhumi
Kosovo
10,908
1,920,079
159
Pristina
Northern Cyprus
3,355
313,626
93
Nicosia (northern part)
South Ossetia
3,900
53,532
13.7
Tskhinvali
Transnistria
4,163
475,665
114
Tiraspol
· List of states and territories
= Part of the EU
· List of states and territories
Åland*
Åland*
Symbol
Flag
Name → Akrotiri and Dhekelia
Åland*
Sovereignstate → UK
Finland
Area(km2) → 255
1,580
Population → 7,700
29,489
Populationdensity(per km2) → 30.2
18.36
Capital → Episkopi Cantonment
Mariehamn
Bailiwick of Guernsey
Bailiwick of Guernsey
Symbol
Flag
Name → Akrotiri and Dhekelia
Bailiwick of Guernsey
Sovereignstate → UK
UK
Area(km2) → 255
78
Population → 7,700
65,849
Populationdensity(per km2) → 30.2
844.0
Capital → Episkopi Cantonment
St. Peter Port
Bailiwick of Jersey
Bailiwick of Jersey
Symbol
Flag
Name → Akrotiri and Dhekelia
Bailiwick of Jersey
Sovereignstate → UK
UK
Area(km2) → 255
118.2
Population → 7,700
100,080
Populationdensity(per km2) → 30.2
819
Capital → Episkopi Cantonment
Saint Helier
Faroe Islands
Faroe Islands
Symbol
Flag
Name → Akrotiri and Dhekelia
Faroe Islands
Sovereignstate → UK
Denmark
Area(km2) → 255
1,399
Population → 7,700
50,778
Populationdensity(per km2) → 30.2
35.2
Capital → Episkopi Cantonment
Tórshavn
Gibraltar
Gibraltar
Symbol
Flag
Name → Akrotiri and Dhekelia
Gibraltar
Sovereignstate → UK
UK
Area(km2) → 255
6.7
Population → 7,700
32,194
Populationdensity(per km2) → 30.2
4,328
Capital → Episkopi Cantonment
Gibraltar
Greenland
Greenland
Symbol
Flag
Name → Akrotiri and Dhekelia
Greenland
Sovereignstate → UK
Denmark
Area(km2) → 255
2,166,086
Population → 7,700
55,877
Populationdensity(per km2) → 30.2
0.028
Capital → Episkopi Cantonment
Nuuk
Isle of Man
Isle of Man
Symbol
Flag
Name → Akrotiri and Dhekelia
Isle of Man
Sovereignstate → UK
UK
Area(km2) → 255
572
Population → 7,700
83,314
Populationdensity(per km2) → 30.2
148
Capital → Episkopi Cantonment
Douglas
Svalbard
Svalbard
Flag
Name → Akrotiri and Dhekelia
Svalbard
Sovereignstate → UK
Norway
Area(km2) → 255
61,022
Population → 7,700
2,667
Populationdensity(per km2) → 30.2
0.044
Capital → Episkopi Cantonment
Longyearbyen
Symbol
Flag
Name
Sovereignstate
Area(km2)
Population
Populationdensity(per km2)
Capital
Akrotiri and Dhekelia
UK
255
7,700
30.2
Episkopi Cantonment
Åland*
Finland
1,580
29,489
18.36
Mariehamn
Bailiwick of Guernsey
UK
78
65,849
844.0
St. Peter Port
Bailiwick of Jersey
UK
118.2
100,080
819
Saint Helier
Faroe Islands
Denmark
1,399
50,778
35.2
Tórshavn
Gibraltar
UK
6.7
32,194
4,328
Gibraltar
Greenland
Denmark
2,166,086
55,877
0.028
Nuuk
Isle of Man
UK
572
83,314
148
Douglas
Svalbard
Norway
61,022
2,667
0.044
Longyearbyen
· Economy
1
1
Rank
1
Country
Germany
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
5,013,574
Peak Year
2025
2
2
Rank
2
Country
United Kingdom
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
3,958,780
Peak Year
2025
3
3
Rank
3
Country
France
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
3,361,557
Peak Year
2025
4
4
Rank
4
Country
Italy
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
2,543,677
Peak Year
2025
5
5
Rank
5
Country
Russia
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
2,540,656
Peak Year
2025
6
6
Rank
6
Country
Spain
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
1,891,371
Peak Year
2025
7
7
Rank
7
Country
Turkey
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
1,565,471
Peak Year
2025
8
8
Rank
8
Country
Netherlands
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
1,320,635
Peak Year
2025
9
9
Rank
9
Country
Poland
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
1,039,619
Peak Year
2025
10
10
Rank
10
Country
Switzerland
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
1,002,666
Peak Year
2025
Rank
Country
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)millions of USD
Peak Year
European Union
21,096,780
2025
1
Germany
5,013,574
2025
2
United Kingdom
3,958,780
2025
3
France
3,361,557
2025
4
Italy
2,543,677
2025
5
Russia
2,540,656
2025
6
Spain
1,891,371
2025
7
Turkey
1,565,471
2025
8
Netherlands
1,320,635
2025
9
Poland
1,039,619
2025
10
Switzerland
1,002,666
2025
· Economy
1
1
Rank
1
Country
Russia
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
7,143,093
Peak Year
2025
2
2
Rank
2
Country
Germany
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
6,153,741
Peak Year
2025
3
3
Rank
3
Country
France
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
4,533,633
Peak Year
2025
4
4
Rank
4
Country
United Kingdom
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
4,454,716
Peak Year
2025
5
5
Rank
5
Country
Turkey
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
3,767,230
Peak Year
2023
6
6
Rank
6
Country
Italy
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
3,720,271
Peak Year
2025
7
7
Rank
7
Country
Spain
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
2,828,510
Peak Year
2025
8
8
Rank
8
Country
Poland
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
2,019,780
Peak Year
2025
9
9
Rank
9
Country
Netherlands
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
1,516,663
Peak Year
2025
10
10
Rank
10
Country
Romania
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
928,913
Peak Year
2024
Rank
Country
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)millions of USD
Peak Year
European Union
29,239,754
2025
1
Russia
7,143,093
2025
2
Germany
6,153,741
2025
3
France
4,533,633
2025
4
United Kingdom
4,454,716
2025
5
Turkey
3,767,230
2023
6
Italy
3,720,271
2025
7
Spain
2,828,510
2025
8
Poland
2,019,780
2025
9
Netherlands
1,516,663
2025
10
Romania
928,913
2024

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