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Eric Liddell

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Eric Liddell

Eric Henry Liddell (; 16 January 1902 – 21 February 1945) was a Scottish sprinter, rugby player and a Christian missionary. Born in Tianjin, China to Scottish missionary parents, he attended a boarding school near London, spending time when possible with his family in Edinburgh, and afterwards attended the University of Edinburgh. At the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, Liddell refused to run in the heats for his favoured 100 metres because they were held on a Sunday. Instead he competed in the 400 metres held on a weekday, a race that he won. He became ordained as a Congregational minister in 1932 and regularly taught Bible classes at Morningside Congregational Church, Edinburgh. He returned to China in 1925 and served as a missionary teacher. Aside from two furloughs in Scotland, he remained in China until his death in a Japanese civilian internment camp in 1945. Liddell's Olympic training and racing, and the religious convictions that influenced him, are depicted in the Oscar-winning 1981 film Chariots of Fire, in which he is portrayed by fellow Scot and University of Edinburgh alumnus Ian Charleson.

Infobox

Full name
Eric Henry Liddell
Nationality
Scottish
Born
(1902-01-16)16 January 1902Tianjin, Qing Dynasty
Died
21 February 1945(1945-02-21) (aged 43)Weihsien Internment Camp, Shandong, Wang Jingwei Regime
Spouse
Florence Mackenzie
Children
3 daughters
Country
Scotland
Sport
Athletics, rugby union (7 tests)
Event(s)
100 m, 200 m, 400 mm
Club
University of Edinburgh
Team
Great Britain
Olympic finals
1924
Position
Wing-threequarter
Years
Team
1921-22
Edinburgh District
1922–1923
Scotland
Traditional Chinese
埃里克·利德爾
Simplified Chinese
埃里克·利德尔
Transcriptions
TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinĀilǐkè LìdéĕrWade–GilesAilik'e Liteerh
Hanyu Pinyin
Āilǐkè Lìdéĕr
Wade–Giles
Ailik'e Liteerh

Tables

· External links
Preceded by Beauchamp Day
Preceded by Beauchamp Day
Records
Preceded by Beauchamp Day
Records
European Record Holder Men's 400 m 12 July 1924 – 6 August 1936
Records
Succeeded by Godfrey Brown
Records
Preceded by Beauchamp Day
European Record Holder Men's 400 m 12 July 1924 – 6 August 1936
Succeeded by Godfrey Brown

References

  1. John W Keddie, "Running the Race - Eric Liddell, Olympic Champion and Missionary" book.
  2. "Eric Liddell - the life of an athletics legend"
    https://www.scottishathletics.org.uk/about/history/arnolds-archive/eric-liddell-the-life-of-an-athletics-legend/
  3. BBC
    https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20240705-olympics-hero-eric-liddell-and-the-real-story-behind-chariots-of-fire
  4. Eric Liddell: Olympian and Missionary
    https://archive.org/details/ericliddellolymp00caug
  5. news.google.com
    https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3ZdAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=N6UMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2060,4019637
  6. news.google.com
    https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Des9AAAAIBAJ&sjid=qkgMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1884,4200181
  7. The Scotsman
    https://www.scotsman.com/sport/rugby-union/eric-liddell-enters-scottish-rugby-hall-of-fame-after-other-sporting-career-before-chariots-of-fire-recognised-3512889
  8. Pall Mall Gazette
    https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001947/19230707/184/0012
  9. Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer
    https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000687/19220703/418/0016
  10. British 100 yards record equalled The Advocate 6 August 1946
    http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article69059792
  11. National Union of Track Statisticians
    https://nuts.org.uk/Champs/AAA/index.htm
  12. Olympedia
    https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/69245
  13. The Official Centenary History of the Amateur Athletic Association
  14. "Golden Scots: Eric Liddell, running to immortality"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/scotland/18534524
  15. For the glory
  16. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2012/jan/04/50-stunning-olympic-moments-eric-liddell
  17. "The Official Report of the Games of the 8th Olympiade"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110505163114/http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1924/1924part1.pdf
  18. All-Time Greats of British Athletics
  19. All-Time Greats of British Athletics
  20. "Progresión de los Récords de Europa al Aire Libre"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210417084137/https://www.rfea.es/aeea/archivos/progr_recordeuropaAL.pdf
  21. "European Records Progression (Men)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150218234437/http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~rsparks/eurrec-m.htm
  22. sports-reference.com
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200417171655/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/li/eric-liddell-1.html
  23. Chariots of Fire's Liddell, a Chinese hero? – By Nick Mulvenney (6 August 2008) Reuters
    https://www.reuters.com/article/olympicsNews/idUSSP27753620080806
  24. Xiaozhang was spelled as Siaochang in most Western documents according to Wade-Giles system.
  25. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2012/jan/04/50-stunning-olympic-moments-eric-liddell?newsfeed=true
  26. For the Glory: The Untold and Inspiring Story of Eric Liddell, Hero of Chariots of Fire
  27. Pure Gold
  28. "Olympians are Forever"
    http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/culture/2012-08/12/content_15666495.htm
  29. The Flying Scotsman, A Biography
  30. Jackson(?), p. 21
  31. The Flying Scotsman, A Biography
  32. Shantung Compound
    https://archive.org/details/shantungcompound00gilk_0/page/192
  33. The Flying Scotsman, A Biography
  34. Eric Liddell: Champion of Conviction
    https://m.imdb.com/title/tt1803154/
  35. Archives Hub
    http://archiveshub.ac.uk/data/gb1830-lid
  36. Measuring Worth
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140826042917/http://www.measuringworth.com/ukcompare/relativevalue.php
  37. The Flying Scotsman: The Eric Liddell Story
  38. The Scotsman
    http://www.scotsman.com/sport/football/top-football-stories/thrilled-to-follow-in-liddell-s-footsteps-1-462308
  39. The Scotsman
    https://web.archive.org/web/20131012033931/http://www.scotsman.com/sport/eric-liddell-scotland-s-most-popular-sporting-hero-1-1379828
  40. "Scottish Athletes Prominent in Hall of Fame"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20131005000238/http://www.scottishathletics.org.uk/index.php?p=17&itemType=news&itemId=29
  41. "Eric Liddell: Olympic champion inducted into Scottish Rugby Hall of Fame"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/rugby-union/59852809
  42. Hamilton 2016 p.321.
  43. heraldscotland.com
    https://www.heraldscotland.com/default_content/12606295.charles-walker-civil-engineer-eric-liddell-devotee/
  44. apnews.com
    https://apnews.com/article/143c9e67af4c3953314a3976d9a981ca
  45. The Eric Liddell Centre
    http://www.ericliddell.org/
  46. Eltham College
    https://www.eltham-college.org.uk/for-the-community/the-eric-liddell-sports-centre/
  47. "Eric Liddell Sports Scholarships launched"
    http://www.ed.ac.uk/news/all-news/liddellscholars-190612
  48. The Scotsman
    http://www.scotsman.com/news/my-daddy-the-flying-scotsman-1-2362795
  49. The Herald
    https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/23860355.scots-olympic-hero-eric-liddell-honoured-edinburgh/
  50. The Edinburgh Reporter
    https://theedinburghreporter.co.uk/2024/07/posthumous-honorary-degree-awarded-to-eric-liddell/
  51. The Edinburgh Reporter
    https://theedinburghreporter.co.uk/2024/04/official-opening-of-the-eric-liddell-way/
  52. IMDb
    https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4714896
  53. The Flying Scotsman: The Eric Liddell Story (1981) p. 42, Sally Magnusson
  54. Olympedia - Athletics Timetable 1924
    https://www.olympedia.org/editions/8/sports/ATH
  55. "CHARIOTS OF FIRE 1924 Film Footage Discovered At BFI"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20131203021939/http://www.artlyst.com/articles/chariots-of-fire-1924-film-footage-discovered-at-bfi
  56. "Running with Harold Abrahams (1924)"
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MEJujgTaaDA
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