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Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia

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Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia

Elizabeth Stuart (19 August 1596 – 13 February 1662) was Electress of the Palatinate and briefly Queen of Bohemia as the wife of Frederick V of the Palatinate. The couple's selection for the crown by the nobles of Bohemia was part of the political and religious turmoil that set off the Thirty Years' War. Since her husband's reign in Bohemia lasted over only one winter, she is called "The Winter Queen" (German: Die Winterkönigin, Czech: Zimní královna). Princess Elizabeth was the only surviving daughter of James VI and I, King of Scotland, England, and Ireland, and his queen, Anne of Denmark; she was the elder sister of Charles I. Born in Scotland, she was named in honour of her father's cousin and predecessor on the English throne, Elizabeth I. During Elizabeth Stuart's childhood, unbeknownst to her, part of the failed Gunpowder Plot was a scheme to replace her father with her on the throne, and forcibly raise her as a Catholic. Her father later arranged for her marriage to the Protestant Frederick V, a senior prince of the Holy Roman Empire. They were married in the Chapel Royal in the Palace of Whitehall, and then left for his lands in Germany. Their marriage proved successful, but after they left Bohemia, they spent years in exile in The Hague, while the Thirty Years' War continued. In her widowhood, she eventually returned to England at the end of her own life during the Stuart Restoration of her nephew and is buried in Westminster Abbey. With the death in 1714 of Elizabeth's great-niece, Anne, Queen of Great Britain, the last Stuart monarch, the British throne passed to her grandson (by her daughter Sophia of Hanover) as George I, initiating the rule of the House of Hanover.

Infobox

Tenure
4 November 1619 – 8 November 1620
Coronation
7 November 1619 St Vitus Cathedral
Born
19 August 1596Dunfermline Palace, Fife, Kingdom of Scotland
Died
13 February 1662(1662-02-13) (aged 65)Leicester House, Westminster, London, Kingdom of England
Burial
17 February 1662Westminster Abbey, London
Spouse
mw- Frederick V, Elector Palatine (m. 1613; died 1632)
Issue
See Henry Frederick, Electoral Prince of the PalatinateCharles I Louis, Elector PalatineElisabeth, Princess-Abbess of HerfordPrince Rupert, Duke of CumberlandPrince MauriceLouise Hollandine, Abbess of MaubuissonPrince LouisPrince Edward, Count Palatine of SimmernPrincess Henriette MariePrince Philip FrederickPrincess CharlotteSophia, Electress of HanoverPrince Gustavus Adolphus
House
Stuart
Father
James VI and I
Mother
Anne of Denmark

Tables

· External links
Royal titles
Royal titles
Elizabeth Stuart House of Stuart Born: 19 August 1596 Died: 13 February 1662
Royal titles
VacantTitle last held byLouise Juliana of Nassau
VacantTitle last held byLouise Juliana of Nassau
Elizabeth Stuart House of Stuart Born: 19 August 1596 Died: 13 February 1662
VacantTitle last held byLouise Juliana of Nassau
Elizabeth Stuart House of Stuart Born: 19 August 1596 Died: 13 February 1662
Electress consort Palatine 14 February 1613 – 23 February 1623
Elizabeth Stuart House of Stuart Born: 19 August 1596 Died: 13 February 1662
Succeeded byElisabeth of Lorraine
VacantTitle last held byAnna of Tyrol
VacantTitle last held byAnna of Tyrol
Elizabeth Stuart House of Stuart Born: 19 August 1596 Died: 13 February 1662
VacantTitle last held byAnna of Tyrol
Elizabeth Stuart House of Stuart Born: 19 August 1596 Died: 13 February 1662
Queen consort of Bohemia 4 November 1619 – 9 November 1620
Elizabeth Stuart House of Stuart Born: 19 August 1596 Died: 13 February 1662
VacantTitle next held byEleonora Gonzaga
Elizabeth Stuart House of Stuart Born: 19 August 1596 Died: 13 February 1662
Royal titles
VacantTitle last held byLouise Juliana of Nassau
Electress consort Palatine 14 February 1613 – 23 February 1623
Succeeded byElisabeth of Lorraine
VacantTitle last held byAnna of Tyrol
Queen consort of Bohemia 4 November 1619 – 9 November 1620
VacantTitle next held byEleonora Gonzaga

References

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    https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/elizabeth-stuart-bohemia-winter-queen
  2. DIE WELT
    https://www.welt.de/print-welt/article625259/Verehrt-und-verdammt-Die-schoene-Winterkoenigin.html
  3. Prima Zoom
    https://zoom.iprima.cz/historie/zimni-kralovna-alzbeta-stuartovna
  4. Thomas Birch, Memorials of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth, vol. 2 (London, 1754), p. 112.
  5. M. Barbieri, Descriptive and Historical Gazetteer of the Counties of Fife, Kinross, and Clackmannan (1857), p. 157: "ELI
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  6. Nadine Akkerman, Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Hearts (Oxford, 2021), p. 19: Calendar of State Papers Scotland, vol. 11 (Ed
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  9. Steven Veerapen, The Wisest Fool: The Lavish Life of James VI and I (Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2023), p. 200.
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  13. Charles remained in Scotland for the time being, Margaret had died in spring 1600 and Robert in May 1602.
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  30. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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  32. Fractured Europe: 1600–1721
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  38. The Marriage of prince Fredericke, and the King's daughter the Lady Elizabeth...
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  40. Tears of joy shed at the happy departure from Great Britaine, of... Frederick and Elizabeth...
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  43. Prince Rupert: The Last Cavalier
  44. Garden History: Philosophy and Design, 2000 BC – 2000 AD
  45. The Organ: An Encyclopaedia
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  48. Elizabeth the Winter Queen
  49. The European Dynastic State: 1494–1660
  50. The Thirty Years War, the Holy Roman Empire and Europe: 1618–1648
  51. English Historical Review
    https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fehr%2Fcen160
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  53. The Winter Queen: The Story of Elizabeth Stuart
  54. Eliška Petermann Harceková, "The Court of the "Winter Kingdom" Elizabeth Stuart's Household in Prague", Historica Olomuc
    https://doi.org/10.5507%2Fho.2025.015
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  56. The Winter Queen: The Story of Elizabeth Stuart
  57. Sophia of Hanover : from Winter Princess to heiress of Great britain, 1630-1714
    https://archive.org/details/sophiaofhanoverf0000dugg/page/28/mode/2up
  58. Rivals at Court Archived 20 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine, 25 oktober 2014 – 15 maart 2015 exhibition at the Hague
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  64. Elizabeth, electress palatine and queen of Bohemia
  65. Gregg, pp. x–xi; Somerset, pp. viii–ix
  66. Names on the Land: A Historical Account of Place-Naming in the United States
  67. "Daniel Naborowski – Na Oczy Królewny Angielskiej, Która Była Za Fryderykiem, Falcgrafem Reńskim, Obranym Królem Czeskim"
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  68. All Poetry
    https://allpoetry.com/Elizabeth-Of-Bohemia
  69. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/feb/18/tyll-daniel-kehlmann-review
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