| Year | Association | Category | Nominated work | Result | Ref. |
| 2011 | Chicago Film Critics Association | Most Promising Performer | Martha Marcy May Marlene | Won | |
| Best Actress | Nominated | |
| Detroit Film Critics Society | Best Breakthrough Performance | Nominated | |
| Elle Women in Hollywood | Woman of the Year | —N/a | Won | |
| Florida Film Critics Circle | Pauline Kael Breakout Award | Martha Marcy May Marlene | Won | |
| Ghent International Film Festival | Special Mention | Won | |
| Gotham Independent Film Awards | Best Breakthrough Actress | Nominated | |
| Best Ensemble Performance | Nominated |
| Indiana Film Journalists Association | Best Actress | Won | |
| Los Angeles Film Critics Association | New Generation Award | Won | |
| Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards | Best Actress in a Leading Role | Won | |
| San Diego Film Critics | Best Actress | Nominated | |
| Satellite Awards | Best Actress – Motion Picture | Nominated | |
| St. Louis Film Critics Association | Best Actress | Nominated | |
| Toronto Film Critics Association | Best Actress | Runner-up | |
| Village Voice Film Poll | Best Actress | 5th place | |
| Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association | Best Actress | Nominated | |
| 2012 | Alliance of Women Film Journalists | Best Breakthrough Performance | Won | |
| Critics' Choice Movie Awards | Best Actress | Nominated | |
| Dublin Film Critics' Circle Awards | Best Actress | 5th place | |
| Breakthrough Artist | 3rd place |
| Dorian Awards | We're Wilde About You / Rising Star Award | —N/a | Nominated | |
| Independent Spirit Awards | Best Female Lead | Martha Marcy May Marlene | Nominated | |
| International Cinephile Society Awards | Best Actress | Nominated | |
| NewNowNext Awards | Next Mega Star | Silent House | Nominated | |
| Online Film Critics Society | Best Actress | Martha Marcy May Marlene | Nominated | |
| Saturn Awards | Best Actress | Nominated | |
| Vancouver Film Critics Circle | Best Actress | Won | |
| 2013 | British Academy Film Awards | BAFTA Rising Star Award | —N/a | Nominated | |
| Fangoria Chainsaw Awards | Best Leading Actress | Silent House | Won | |
| 2014 | Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie: Breakout Star | Godzilla | Nominated | |
| 2015 | Deauville American Film Festival | Hollywood Rising Star Award | —N/a | Won | |
| Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie: Breakout Star | Avengers: Age of Ultron | Nominated | |
| 2016 | Teen Choice Awards | Choice Movie: Chemistry | Captain America: Civil War | Nominated | |
| 2018 | MTV Movie & TV Awards | Best Fight | Avengers: Infinity War | Nominated | |
| Teen Choice Awards | Choice Action Movie Actress | Nominated | |
| 2019 | Critics' Choice Television Awards | Best Actress in a Drama Series | Sorry for Your Loss | Nominated | |
| 2021 | MTV Movie & TV Awards | Best Performance in a Show | WandaVision | Won | |
| Best Fight | Won |
| Hollywood Critics Association Awards | Best Actress in a Limited Series, Anthology Series, or Television Movie | Nominated | |
| Dorian Awards | Best TV Performance | Nominated | |
| Primetime Emmy Awards | Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie | Nominated | |
| TCA Awards | Individual Achievement in Drama | Nominated | |
| People's Choice Awards | Female TV Star of 2021 | Nominated | |
| 2022 | Critics' Choice Television Awards | Best Actress in a Movie/Miniseries | Nominated | |
| Critics' Choice Super Awards | Best Actress in a Superhero Series | Won | |
| Golden Globe Awards | Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film | Nominated | |
| Kids' Choice Awards | Favorite Female TV Star (Family) | Nominated | |
| Saturn Awards | Best Actress in a Streaming Television Series | Nominated | |