Edmonton

Edmonton is the capital city of the Canadian province of Alberta. It is situated on the North Saskatchewan River and is the centre of the Edmonton Metropolitan Region, which is surrounded by Alberta's central region. Edmonton is located in Treaty 6 territory. The city anchors the northern end of what Statistics Canada defines as the "Calgary–Edmonton Corridor". The area that later became the city of Edmonton was first inhabited by First Nations peoples, and was also a historic site for the Métis. By 1795, many trading posts had been established in the region. "Fort Edmonton", as it was known, became the main centre for trade in the area after the 1821 merger of the Hudson's Bay Company and the North West Company. It remained sparsely populated until the Canadian acquisition of Rupert's Land in 1870, followed eventually by the arrival of the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1891, its inauguration as a city in 1904, and its designation as the capital of the new province of Alberta in 1905. Its growth was facilitated through the absorption of five adjacent urban municipalities (Strathcona, North Edmonton, West Edmonton, Beverly and Jasper Place) in addition to a series of annexations through 1982, and the annexation of 8,260 ha (82.6 km2; 31.9 sq mi) of land from Leduc County and the City of Beaumont on January 1, 2019. As of 2021, Edmonton had a city population of 1,010,899 and a metropolitan population of 1,418,118, making it the fifth-largest city and sixth-largest metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada. It is the northernmost city and metropolitan area in North America to have a population of over one million. Residents are called Edmontonians. Known as the "Gateway to the North" outside of Ontario, Edmonton has become a staging point for large-scale oil sands projects occurring in northern Alberta and large-scale diamond mining operations in the Northwest Territories. It is a cultural, governmental and educational centre that hosts festivals year-round, reflected in the nickname "Canada's Festival City". It is home to Canada's largest mall, West Edmonton Mall (the world's largest mall from 1981 until 2004); and Fort Edmonton Park, Canada's largest living history museum.

Infobox

Country

Canada

Province

Alberta

Region

Edmonton Metropolitan Region

Census division

Founded

1795

• Town

January 9, 1892

• City

October 8, 1904

Amalgamated

February 12, 1912

Named after

Edmonton, London

• Body

Edmonton City Council

• Mayor

Andrew Knack

• Manager

Eddie Robar

• Land

765.61 km2 (295.60 sq mi)

• Urban

1,151,635 (5th)

• Metro

1,418,118 (6th)

Elevation

645 m (2,116 ft)

• Total

1,010,899 (5th)

• Estimate (2023)

1,128,811

• Density

1,320.4/km2 (3,420/sq mi)

• Urban density

1,836.2/km2 (4,756/sq mi)

• Metro density

150.6/km2 (390/sq mi)

• Municipal census (2019)

972,223

Demonym

Edmontonian

Time zone

UTC−07:00 (MST)

• Summer (DST)

UTC−06:00 (MDT)

FSAs

T5A – T6Y

Area codes

780, 587, 825, 368

NTS Map

83H5 Leduc, 83H6 Cooking Lake, 83H11 Edmonton, 83H12 St. Albert

GNBC Code

IACMP

GDP (Edmonton CMA)

CA$93.27 billion (2021)

GDP per capita (Edmonton CMA)

CA$63,601 (2022)

Website

www.edmonton.ca

Tables

Month

Climate data for Edmonton (Edmonton City Centre Airport).Climate ID: 3012208; coordinates 53°34′24″N 113°31′06″W / 53.57333°N 113.51833°W / 53.57333; -113.51833 (Edmonton City Centre Airport); elevation: 670.6 m (2,200 ft); 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1880–present

Month

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Year

Record high humidex

11.0

16.1

23.5

29.2

33.4

35.9

44.0

39.6

34.1

28.3

19.4

16.0

44.0

Record high °C (°F)

13.9(57.0)

16.7(62.1)

23.9(75.0)

32.2(90.0)

34.4(93.9)

37.2(99.0)

36.7(98.1)

35.6(96.1)

33.9(93.0)

28.6(83.5)

23.3(73.9)

16.7(62.1)

37.2(99.0)

Mean daily maximum °C (°F)

−5.8(21.6)

−3.0(26.6)

1.7(35.1)

10.4(50.7)

17.5(63.5)

21.0(69.8)

23.5(74.3)

22.6(72.7)

17.6(63.7)

10.0(50.0)

0.6(33.1)

−4.7(23.5)

9.3(48.7)

Daily mean °C (°F)

−10.3(13.5)

−7.9(17.8)

−3.1(26.4)

4.9(40.8)

11.6(52.9)

15.6(60.1)

18.1(64.6)

17.0(62.6)

11.9(53.4)

5.0(41.0)

−3.5(25.7)

−9.0(15.8)

4.2(39.6)

Mean daily minimum °C (°F)

−14.7(5.5)

−12.7(9.1)

−7.8(18.0)

−0.7(30.7)

5.6(42.1)

10.2(50.4)

12.6(54.7)

11.3(52.3)

6.2(43.2)

−0.1(31.8)

−7.5(18.5)

−13.2(8.2)

−0.9(30.4)

Record low °C (°F)

−49.4(−57.0)

−40.0(−40.0)

−26.1(−15.0)

−12.2(10.0)

−3.9(25.0)

−1.7(28.9)

−3.3(26.1)

−11.7(10.9)

−26.1(−15.0)

−42.2(−44.0)

−48.3(−55.0)

−49.4(−57.0)

Record low wind chill

−52.8

−50.7

−44.6

−37.5

−14.5

0.0

−3.7

−13.3

−34.3

−50.2

−55.5

Average precipitation mm (inches)

19.6(0.77)

11.8(0.46)

16.8(0.66)

28.6(1.13)

44.2(1.74)

69.9(2.75)

82.7(3.26)

60.7(2.39)

38.5(1.52)

20.5(0.81)

17.5(0.69)

11.8(0.46)

422.5(16.63)

Average rainfall mm (inches)

0.9(0.04)

0.6(0.02)

1.9(0.07)

15.8(0.62)

43.9(1.73)

69.9(2.75)

78.2(3.08)

66.6(2.62)

38.4(1.51)

11.4(0.45)

1.3(0.05)

0.6(0.02)

329.3(12.96)

Average snowfall cm (inches)

25.6(10.1)

12.7(5.0)

19.1(7.5)

15.0(5.9)

4.9(1.9)

0.0(0.0)

0.1(0.0)

0.7(0.3)

11.0(4.3)

19.8(7.8)

15.1(5.9)

123.9(48.8)

Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)

11.2

8.0

8.1

8.9

10.2

14.4

15.1

12.2

10.6

8.7

8.8

8.3

124.4

Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm)

1.1

0.82

1.4

6.7

11.0

14.7

15.1

12.1

10.4

6.8

1.6

0.75

82.4

Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)

10.6

6.9

7.5

4.1

1.1

0.0

0.06

0.29

2.9

7.2

8.4

49.0

Average relative humidity (%) (at 1500 LST)

65.2

59.5

53.9

43.5

39.3

47.8

50.6

49.3

48.2

51.0

63.8

65.4

53.1

Mean monthly sunshine hours

100.8

121.7

176.3

244.2

279.9

285.9

307.5

282.3

192.7

170.8

98.4

84.5

2,344.8

Mean daily sunshine hours

3.3

4.3

5.7

8.1

9.0

9.5

9.9

9.1

6.4

5.5

3.3

2.7

6.4

Percentage possible sunshine

40.2

44.1

48.1

58.2

56.8

56.2

60.2

61.5

50.4

52.0

37.8

36.0

50.1

Average ultraviolet index

0.0

1.0

2.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

5.0

4.0

2.0

1.0

0.0

3.0

Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada (sun, UV 1981–2010), (July record high humidex), Extremes (1880–1943)Note: climate data was collected near downtown Edmonton from July 1880 to June 1943, and at Edmonton City Centre Airport (Blatchford Field) from October 1937 to present.

Climate data for Edmonton (Edmonton City Centre Airport).Climate ID: 3012208; coordinates 53°34′24″N 113°31′06″W / 53.57333°N 113.51833°W / 53.57333; -113.51833 (Edmonton City Centre Airport); elevation: 670.6 m (2,200 ft); 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1880–present
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high humidex	11.0	16.1	23.5	29.2	33.4	35.9	44.0	39.6	34.1	28.3	19.4	16.0	44.0
Record high °C (°F)	13.9(57.0)	16.7(62.1)	23.9(75.0)	32.2(90.0)	34.4(93.9)	37.2(99.0)	36.7(98.1)	35.6(96.1)	33.9(93.0)	28.6(83.5)	23.3(73.9)	16.7(62.1)	37.2(99.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−5.8(21.6)	−3.0(26.6)	1.7(35.1)	10.4(50.7)	17.5(63.5)	21.0(69.8)	23.5(74.3)	22.6(72.7)	17.6(63.7)	10.0(50.0)	0.6(33.1)	−4.7(23.5)	9.3(48.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−10.3(13.5)	−7.9(17.8)	−3.1(26.4)	4.9(40.8)	11.6(52.9)	15.6(60.1)	18.1(64.6)	17.0(62.6)	11.9(53.4)	5.0(41.0)	−3.5(25.7)	−9.0(15.8)	4.2(39.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−14.7(5.5)	−12.7(9.1)	−7.8(18.0)	−0.7(30.7)	5.6(42.1)	10.2(50.4)	12.6(54.7)	11.3(52.3)	6.2(43.2)	−0.1(31.8)	−7.5(18.5)	−13.2(8.2)	−0.9(30.4)
Record low °C (°F)	−49.4(−57.0)	−49.4(−57.0)	−40.0(−40.0)	−26.1(−15.0)	−12.2(10.0)	−3.9(25.0)	−1.7(28.9)	−3.3(26.1)	−11.7(10.9)	−26.1(−15.0)	−42.2(−44.0)	−48.3(−55.0)	−49.4(−57.0)
Record low wind chill	−52.8	−50.7	−44.6	−37.5	−14.5	0.0	0.0	−3.7	−13.3	−34.3	−50.2	−55.5	−55.5
Average precipitation mm (inches)	19.6(0.77)	11.8(0.46)	16.8(0.66)	28.6(1.13)	44.2(1.74)	69.9(2.75)	82.7(3.26)	60.7(2.39)	38.5(1.52)	20.5(0.81)	17.5(0.69)	11.8(0.46)	422.5(16.63)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	0.9(0.04)	0.6(0.02)	1.9(0.07)	15.8(0.62)	43.9(1.73)	69.9(2.75)	78.2(3.08)	66.6(2.62)	38.4(1.51)	11.4(0.45)	1.3(0.05)	0.6(0.02)	329.3(12.96)
Average snowfall cm (inches)	25.6(10.1)	12.7(5.0)	19.1(7.5)	15.0(5.9)	4.9(1.9)	0.0(0.0)	0.0(0.0)	0.1(0.0)	0.7(0.3)	11.0(4.3)	19.8(7.8)	15.1(5.9)	123.9(48.8)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)	11.2	8.0	8.1	8.9	10.2	14.4	15.1	12.2	10.6	8.7	8.8	8.3	124.4
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm)	1.1	0.82	1.4	6.7	11.0	14.7	15.1	12.1	10.4	6.8	1.6	0.75	82.4
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)	10.6	6.9	7.5	4.1	1.1	0.0	0.0	0.06	0.29	2.9	7.2	8.4	49.0
Average relative humidity (%) (at 1500 LST)	65.2	59.5	53.9	43.5	39.3	47.8	50.6	49.3	48.2	51.0	63.8	65.4	53.1
Mean monthly sunshine hours	100.8	121.7	176.3	244.2	279.9	285.9	307.5	282.3	192.7	170.8	98.4	84.5	2,344.8
Mean daily sunshine hours	3.3	4.3	5.7	8.1	9.0	9.5	9.9	9.1	6.4	5.5	3.3	2.7	6.4
Percentage possible sunshine	40.2	44.1	48.1	58.2	56.8	56.2	60.2	61.5	50.4	52.0	37.8	36.0	50.1
Average ultraviolet index	0.0	1.0	2.0	4.0	5.0	6.0	6.0	5.0	4.0	2.0	1.0	0.0	3.0
Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada (sun, UV 1981–2010), (July record high humidex), Extremes (1880–1943)Note: climate data was collected near downtown Edmonton from July 1880 to June 1943, and at Edmonton City Centre Airport (Blatchford Field) from October 1937 to present.

Month

Climate data for Leduc-Edmonton (Edmonton International Airport)WMO ID: 71123; coordinates 53°19′N 113°35′W / 53.317°N 113.583°W / 53.317; -113.583 (Edmonton International Airport); elevation: 723.3 m (2,373 ft); 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1959–2020

Month

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Year

Record high humidex

9.2

12.8

23.5

30.0

33.6

37.3

44.0

38.7

33.9

28.4

20.8

14.6

44.0

Record high °C (°F)

9.9(49.8)

13.3(55.9)

24.2(75.6)

30.5(86.9)

32.8(91.0)

34.4(93.9)

35.0(95.0)

35.6(96.1)

34.9(94.8)

29.1(84.4)

18.8(65.8)

15.9(60.6)

35.6(96.1)

Mean daily maximum °C (°F)

−6.5(20.3)

−4.1(24.6)

0.5(32.9)

10.1(50.2)

17.6(63.7)

20.7(69.3)

23.0(73.4)

22.4(72.3)

17.8(64.0)

10.0(50.0)

0.2(32.4)

−5.3(22.5)

8.9(48.0)

Daily mean °C (°F)

−12.3(9.9)

−10.4(13.3)

−5.3(22.5)

3.5(38.3)

10.1(50.2)

14.1(57.4)

16.2(61.2)

15.1(59.2)

10.3(50.5)

3.4(38.1)

−5.2(22.6)

−11.0(12.2)

2.4(36.3)

Mean daily minimum °C (°F)

−18.1(−0.6)

−16.6(2.1)

−11.2(11.8)

−3.2(26.2)

2.7(36.9)

7.5(45.5)

9.4(48.9)

7.8(46.0)

2.8(37.0)

−3.3(26.1)

−10.6(12.9)

−16.7(1.9)

−4.1(24.6)

Record low °C (°F)

−48.3(−54.9)

−43.9(−47.0)

−42.7(−44.9)

−28.3(−18.9)

−11.6(11.1)

−6.1(21.0)

−1.0(30.2)

−3.8(25.2)

−9.6(14.7)

−26.5(−15.7)

−36.4(−33.5)

−46.1(−51.0)

−48.3(−54.9)

Record low wind chill

−61.1

−53.5

−50.7

−33.7

−16.3

−7.3

−3.9

−5.8

−14.3

−34.9

−51.5

−58.3

−61.1

Average precipitation mm (inches)

21.5(0.85)

12.4(0.49)

17.3(0.68)

29.8(1.17)

47.0(1.85)

74.7(2.94)

87.2(3.43)

52.6(2.07)

34.7(1.37)

22.3(0.88)

20.0(0.79)

14.6(0.57)

434.0(17.09)

Average rainfall mm (inches)

1.1(0.04)

0.5(0.02)

0.8(0.03)

14.9(0.59)

41.6(1.64)

75.2(2.96)

88.0(3.46)

53.2(2.09)

34.5(1.36)

12.4(0.49)

1.5(0.06)

0.5(0.02)

324.1(12.76)

Average snowfall cm (inches)

24.2(9.5)

14.4(5.7)

19.2(7.6)

16.3(6.4)

6.4(2.5)

0.1(0.0)

0.0(0.0)

0.1(0.0)

0.6(0.2)

10.1(4.0)

19.1(7.5)

16.3(6.4)

126.7(49.9)

Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)

10.9

8.2

9.8

8.9

11.4

14.7

16.2

12.1

10.5

10.2

10.1

9.8

132.8

Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm)

1.0

0.6

1.0

5.9

10.3

14.4

15.5

11.9

9.5

6.1

1.7

0.4

78.3

Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)

10.7

8.5

4.4

1.8

0.04

0.0

0.04

0.29

3.4

7.7

9.3

54.7

Average relative humidity (%) (at 1500 LST)

69.7

66.7

62.8

46.9

40.1

49.9

54.5

51.9

48.4

52.3

67.9

70.2

56.8

Mean monthly sunshine hours

101.1

127.0

174.7

233.3

271.0

275.9

302.2

279.4

196.1

160.4

97.2

92.0

2,310.3

Percentage possible sunshine

40.1

45.9

47.6

55.7

55.1

54.4

59.3

61.0

51.3

48.7

37.3

39.0

49.6

Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada

Climate data for Leduc-Edmonton (Edmonton International Airport)WMO ID: 71123; coordinates 53°19′N 113°35′W / 53.317°N 113.583°W / 53.317; -113.583 (Edmonton International Airport); elevation: 723.3 m (2,373 ft); 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1959–2020
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high humidex	9.2	12.8	23.5	30.0	33.6	37.3	44.0	38.7	33.9	28.4	20.8	14.6	44.0
Record high °C (°F)	9.9(49.8)	13.3(55.9)	24.2(75.6)	30.5(86.9)	32.8(91.0)	34.4(93.9)	35.0(95.0)	35.6(96.1)	34.9(94.8)	29.1(84.4)	18.8(65.8)	15.9(60.6)	35.6(96.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−6.5(20.3)	−4.1(24.6)	0.5(32.9)	10.1(50.2)	17.6(63.7)	20.7(69.3)	23.0(73.4)	22.4(72.3)	17.8(64.0)	10.0(50.0)	0.2(32.4)	−5.3(22.5)	8.9(48.0)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−12.3(9.9)	−10.4(13.3)	−5.3(22.5)	3.5(38.3)	10.1(50.2)	14.1(57.4)	16.2(61.2)	15.1(59.2)	10.3(50.5)	3.4(38.1)	−5.2(22.6)	−11.0(12.2)	2.4(36.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−18.1(−0.6)	−16.6(2.1)	−11.2(11.8)	−3.2(26.2)	2.7(36.9)	7.5(45.5)	9.4(48.9)	7.8(46.0)	2.8(37.0)	−3.3(26.1)	−10.6(12.9)	−16.7(1.9)	−4.1(24.6)
Record low °C (°F)	−48.3(−54.9)	−43.9(−47.0)	−42.7(−44.9)	−28.3(−18.9)	−11.6(11.1)	−6.1(21.0)	−1.0(30.2)	−3.8(25.2)	−9.6(14.7)	−26.5(−15.7)	−36.4(−33.5)	−46.1(−51.0)	−48.3(−54.9)
Record low wind chill	−61.1	−53.5	−50.7	−33.7	−16.3	−7.3	−3.9	−5.8	−14.3	−34.9	−51.5	−58.3	−61.1
Average precipitation mm (inches)	21.5(0.85)	12.4(0.49)	17.3(0.68)	29.8(1.17)	47.0(1.85)	74.7(2.94)	87.2(3.43)	52.6(2.07)	34.7(1.37)	22.3(0.88)	20.0(0.79)	14.6(0.57)	434.0(17.09)
Average rainfall mm (inches)	1.1(0.04)	0.5(0.02)	0.8(0.03)	14.9(0.59)	41.6(1.64)	75.2(2.96)	88.0(3.46)	53.2(2.09)	34.5(1.36)	12.4(0.49)	1.5(0.06)	0.5(0.02)	324.1(12.76)
Average snowfall cm (inches)	24.2(9.5)	14.4(5.7)	19.2(7.6)	16.3(6.4)	6.4(2.5)	0.1(0.0)	0.0(0.0)	0.1(0.0)	0.6(0.2)	10.1(4.0)	19.1(7.5)	16.3(6.4)	126.7(49.9)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)	10.9	8.2	9.8	8.9	11.4	14.7	16.2	12.1	10.5	10.2	10.1	9.8	132.8
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm)	1.0	0.6	1.0	5.9	10.3	14.4	15.5	11.9	9.5	6.1	1.7	0.4	78.3
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)	10.7	8.5	8.5	4.4	1.8	0.04	0.0	0.04	0.29	3.4	7.7	9.3	54.7
Average relative humidity (%) (at 1500 LST)	69.7	66.7	62.8	46.9	40.1	49.9	54.5	51.9	48.4	52.3	67.9	70.2	56.8
Mean monthly sunshine hours	101.1	127.0	174.7	233.3	271.0	275.9	302.2	279.4	196.1	160.4	97.2	92.0	2,310.3
Percentage possible sunshine	40.1	45.9	47.6	55.7	55.1	54.4	59.3	61.0	51.3	48.7	37.3	39.0	49.6
Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada

Professional sports teams · Sports and recreation

Edmonton Elks

Club

Edmonton Elks

Type

Canadian football

League

Canadian Football League

Venue

Commonwealth Stadium

Established

1949

Championships

Edmonton Oilers

Club

Edmonton Oilers

Type

Ice hockey

League

National Hockey League

Venue

Rogers Place

Established

1972

Championships

Edmonton Stingers

Club

Edmonton Stingers

Type

Basketball

League

Canadian Elite Basketball League

Venue

Edmonton Expo Centre

Established

2018

Championships

Club	Type	League	Venue	Established	Championships
Edmonton Elks	Canadian football	Canadian Football League	Commonwealth Stadium	1949	14
Edmonton Oilers	Ice hockey	National Hockey League	Rogers Place	1972	5
Edmonton Stingers	Basketball	Canadian Elite Basketball League	Edmonton Expo Centre	2018	2

Semi-pro, amateur and junior clubs · Sports and recreation

Edmonton Huskies

Club

Edmonton Huskies

Type

Canadian football

League

Canadian Junior Football League

Venue

Clarke Stadium

Established

1947

Championships

5[citation needed]

Edmonton Wildcats

Club

Edmonton Wildcats

Type

Canadian football

League

Canadian Junior Football League

Venue

Clarke Stadium

Established

1948

Championships

3[citation needed]

Edmonton Storm

Club

Edmonton Storm

Type

Canadian football

League

Western Women's Canadian Football League

Venue

Clarke Stadium

Established

2004

Championships

Energy City Cactus Rats

Club

Energy City Cactus Rats

Type

Baseball

League

Western Canadian Baseball League

Venue

Myshak Metro Ballpark, Spruce Grove

Established

2005

Championships

Edmonton Riverhawks

Club

Edmonton Riverhawks

Type

Baseball

League

West Coast League

Venue

RE/MAX Field

Established

2020

Championships

Edmonton Oil Kings

Club

Edmonton Oil Kings

Type

Ice hockey

League

Western Hockey League

Venue

Rogers Place

Established

2007

Championships

3[citation needed]

Edmonton BTB SC

Club

Edmonton BTB SC

Type

Soccer

League

League1 Alberta

Venue

Clarke Stadium

Established

2013

Edmonton Scottish

Club

Edmonton Scottish

Type

Soccer

League

League1 Alberta

Venue

Hamish Black Field

Established

1909

Championships

Club	Type	League	Venue	Established	Championships
Edmonton Huskies	Canadian football	Canadian Junior Football League	Clarke Stadium	1947	5[citation needed]
Edmonton Wildcats	Canadian football	Canadian Junior Football League	Clarke Stadium	1948	3[citation needed]
Edmonton Storm	Canadian football	Western Women's Canadian Football League	Clarke Stadium	2004	0
Energy City Cactus Rats	Baseball	Western Canadian Baseball League	Myshak Metro Ballpark, Spruce Grove	2005	0
Edmonton Riverhawks	Baseball	West Coast League	RE/MAX Field	2020	0
Edmonton Oil Kings	Ice hockey	Western Hockey League	Rogers Place	2007	3[citation needed]
Edmonton BTB SC	Soccer	League1 Alberta	Clarke Stadium	2013
Edmonton Scottish	Soccer	League1 Alberta	Hamish Black Field	1909	1

Edmonton provincial election results[286][287] · Government › Provincial politics

Year		United Cons.		New Democratic
	2019	35%	140,672	53%	213,546
	2023	34%	127,773	63%	232,879

Edmonton federal election results[292] · Government › Federal politics

2019

Year

2019

Year

23%

Liberal

100,759

Liberal

52%

Conservative

231,813

Conservative

21%

New Democratic

92,733

New Democratic

Green

10,264

Year		Liberal		Conservative		New Democratic		Green
	2021	23%	94,886	39%	160,938	32%	133,984	0%	1,933
	2019	23%	100,759	52%	231,813	21%	92,733	2%	10,264

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/ˈɛdməntən/ ⓘ ED-mən-tən
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Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minorit
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https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?searchType=stnName_1991&txtStationName_1991=edmonton&searchMethod=contains&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=281000000&dispBack=1
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http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page_Hierarchy-Hierarchie.cfm?Lang=E&Tab=4&Geo1=CMA&Code1=835&Geo2=PR&Code2=48&Data=Count&SearchText=edmonton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1
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https://web.archive.org/web/20130325201721/http://capitalregionboard.ab.ca/-/toolkit/module2-abouttheref.pdf
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https://web.archive.org/web/20110715110619/http://www.portalberta.com/transportation-services
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https://web.archive.org/web/20130325201658/http://capitalregionboard.ab.ca/-/reports/crlanduseplan031209.pdf
"Alberta's Industrial Heartland: Eco Industrial Master Plan"
http://www.industrialheartland.com/images/stories/maps/asp%20-%20zoning.pdf
Canadian Public Policy
https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3550157
Leduc Representative
"Board Order No. 1234"
http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/cfml/pdf_search/pdf/CITY/0098/Edmonton_Gaz_BO_1234_1964_No42.pdf
"Order in Council (O.C.) No. 538/81"
http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/cfml/pdf_search/pdf/CITY/0098/Edmonton_OC_538_81_1982_No6.pdf
"Order in Council (O.C.) No. 127/2008"
http://www.qp.alberta.ca/documents/orders/orders_in_council/2008/408/2008_127.html
Edmonton Journal
https://web.archive.org/web/20130308104418/http://www.edmontonjournal.com/business/Edmonton%2Bwants%2Bannex%2Bhectares%2BLeduc%2BCounty%2Bincluding/8052733/story.html
"Proposed Leduc County Annexation :: City of Edmonton"
https://web.archive.org/web/20161201211044/https://www.edmonton.ca/projects_plans/annexation/proposed-annexation-lands-south-edmonton.aspx
"Neighbourhoods (data plus kml file)"
https://data.edmonton.ca/City-Administration/Neighbourhoods-data-plus-kml-file-/65fr-66s6
"The Way We Grow: Municipal Development Plan Bylaw 15100"
http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/documents/PDF/MDP_Bylaw_15100.pdf
"Edmonton Developing and Planned Neighbourhoods, 2011"
https://web.archive.org/web/20130904040707/http://www.edmonton.ca/business_economy/documents/PDF/Developing_and_Planned_Neighbourhoods_2011_-_Final_Report.pdf
"City of Edmonton Wards & Standard Neighbourhoods"
https://web.archive.org/web/20140503100206/http://www.edmonton.ca/business_economy/documents/EdmontonWardNeighbourhoods.pdf
"City of Edmonton Plans in Effect Map"
https://web.archive.org/web/20140326082142/http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/documents/PDF/Plans_in_Effect.pdf
"Mill Woods Town Centre Neighbourhood Area Structure Plan (Office Consolidation)"
https://web.archive.org/web/20140503100454/http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/documents/Mill_Woods_Town_Centre_ASP_Consolidation.pdf
"Mill Woods Development Concept"
https://web.archive.org/web/20140503101127/http://www.edmonton.ca/for_residents/Mill_Woods_Development_Concept_Consolidation.pdf
"Community Leagues"
http://www.seedmonton.ca/community_leagues/
"Lee Ridge Neighbourhood Profile"
https://web.archive.org/web/20140326032721/http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/documents/Lee_Ridge.pdf
"Fort Road Old Town Master Plan"
https://web.archive.org/web/20120501114302/http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/projects_redevelopment/old-town-fort-road-redevelopment.aspx
"centuryCentral"
https://web.archive.org/web/20071012073230/http://centurypark.ca/
"Century Park to Ellerslie Road Preliminary Engineering"
https://web.archive.org/web/20140326100253/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/SLRT-SIPBrochure.pdf
"City Centre Redevelopment Area Redevelopment Plan"
https://web.archive.org/web/20140326082754/http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/documents/City_Centre_ARP_Consolidation.pdf
Global News
https://globalnews.ca/news/7500845/blatchford-edmonton-show-home-open/
"Edmonton's Industrial Neighbourhoods"
https://web.archive.org/web/20130125002106/http://edmonton.ca/business_economy/edmontons-industrial-neighbourhoods.aspx
"Edmonton Energy and Technology Park"
http://www.edmonton.ca/business_economy/industrial_development/edmonton-energy-technology-park.aspx
"Business Revitalization Zones"
https://web.archive.org/web/20140503115318/http://www.edmonton.ca/business_economy/business_resources/business-revitalization-zones.aspx
Census of the Northwest Provinces, 1906
Census of Canada, 1911
Census of Prairie Provinces, 1916
Census of Canada, 1921
Census of Prairie Provinces, 1926
Census of Canada, 1931
Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1936
Eighth Census of Canada, 1941
Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1946
Ninth Census of Canada, 1951
Census of Canada, 1956
1961 Census of Canada
Census of Canada, 1966
1971 Census of Canada
1976 Census of Canada
1981 Census of Canada
Census Canada 1986
91 Census
96 Census
"Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Divisions, 2001 and 1996 Censuses – 100% Data (Alberta)"
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/census01/products/standard/popdwell/Table-CSD-D.cfm?PR=48
"Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (Alberta)"
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-550/Index.cfm?TPL=P1C&Page=RETR&LANG=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=1&O=A&RPP=9999&PR=48&CMA=0
"Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses"
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=51&O=A&RPP=9999&PR=48&CMA=0
"Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Alberta)"
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table.cfm?Lang=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=86&O=A&RPP=9999&PR=48
"Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population, Edmonton, Alberta"
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0&DGUIDlist=2021A00054811061&SearchText=edmonton
2016 Municipal Affairs Population List
https://web.archive.org/web/20170116155759/http://municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/documents/msb/2016_Municipal_Affairs_Population_List.pdf
"City of Edmonton population vibrant and growing steadily"
https://myemail.constantcontact.com/News-Release---City-of-Edmonton-population-vibrant-and-growing-steadily.html?soid=1127191170163&aid=0TvuNEX1Fd0
"Municipal Census Policy"
https://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/documents/PoliciesDirectives/C520C.pdf
Taproot Edmonton
https://www.taprootedmonton.ca/news/2019/09/05/edmontons-official-population-rises-to-972223/
"Summary of All Questions: 2016 Municipal Census"
https://web.archive.org/web/20160831233230/http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/documents/census/Summary%20Report%20of%20All%20Questions_EDMONTON_2016.pdf
"Census Profile: Edmonton, City, Alberta (Census subdivision)"
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=4811061&Geo2=PR&Code2=48&Data=Count&SearchText=Edmonton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=4811061
Statistics Canada
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables-tableaux/sum-som/l01/cst01/demo05a-eng.htm
"Census metropolitan area (CMA) and census agglomeration (CA)"
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/ref/dict/geo009-eng.cfm
"Census Tract by CMA / CA (Edmonton)"
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/geo/map-carte/pdf/CMA-CA-CT_RMR-AR-SR/2011-92146-835-00.pdf
"Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and population centres, 2011 and 2006 censuses (Alberta)"
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=802&SR=1&S=3&O=D&RPP=9999&PR=48&CMA=0
www12.statcan.gc.ca
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0&DGUIDlist=2021A00054811061&SearchText=edmonton
www12.statcan.gc.ca
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Edmonton&DGUIDlist=2021A00054811061&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0
www12.statcan.gc.ca
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=edmonton&DGUIDlist=2021A00054811061&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&HEADERlist=0
"Census Profile, 2016 Census: Edmonton, City [Census subdivision], Alberta and Division No. 11, Census division [Census division], Alberta – Visible minority"
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=4811061&Geo2=CD&Code2=4811&Data=Count&SearchText=edmonton&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Visible%20minority&TABID=1
Statistics Canada
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&HEADERlist=0&DGUIDlist=2021A00054811061&SearchText=edmonton
The Friday Bulletin
https://web.archive.org/web/20090305234233/http://muslim-canada.org/alrashidmosque.html
MCE Mosque
https://www.mcemosque.com/about-us
Al Rashid
https://alrashidmosque.ca/our-story/
salatomatic
https://www.salatomatic.com/sub/w3NnWVwH2C
"Edmonton synagogue led by husband-and-wife rabbi team"
https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/edmonton-synagogue-led-by-husband-and-wife-rabbi-team
"Jewish Federation of Edmonton"
http://www.jewishedmonton.org/
"About Us"
https://web.archive.org/web/20130904005802/http://edmontonbahai.org/about-us/
"The Druze Association of Edmonton"
https://edmontondruze.ca/pageHome.php
The Friday Bulletin
https://web.archive.org/web/20090114214419/http://www.hindusociety.ab.ca/
"Maha Ganapathy Temple (Hindu Temple)"
http://www.mahaganapathytemple.com
"Welcome to the Unitarian Church of Edmonton"
http://www.uce.ca/
"Welcome to Westwood"
http://www.westwoodunitarian.ca/
"Congregations"
http://cuc.ca/congregations/
Alberta Innovates
https://albertainnovates.ca/who-we-are/contact/
"Inventory of Major Projects (Capital Region)"
http://www.albertacanada.com/business/statistics-and-publications.aspx
"Edmonton Market Profile"
https://web.archive.org/web/20160424145945/http://www.omaccanada.ca/en/market/edmonton/default.omac
"Alberta Fact Sheet"
https://web.archive.org/web/20101205113232/http://www.advancededandtech.alberta.ca/media/216155/alberta%20produces%20fact%20sheet.pdf
"U of A Receives $15 Million for Nanosystems Research Facility"
https://web.archive.org/web/20060512171125/http://www.uofaweb.ualberta.ca/rso/news.cfm?story=30264
"The Era of Urban Growth (1961–1981)"
http://www.albertasource.ca/realestate/industry/hist_urban_growth.html
The Canadian Encyclopedia
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canadian-commercial-bank/
"Canadian Western Bank Group"
http://www.cwbankgroup.com/
"Financial Services, Edmonton"
http://relocatecanada.com/edmonton/banks.html
"PCL History"
http://www.pcl.com/Meet-the-PCL-Family/History/Pages/International.aspx
"Hoover's Company Directory"
https://web.archive.org/web/20100208035731/http://www.hoovers.com/free/geo/index.xhtml
Edmonton Sun
https://archive.today/20080510140900/http://blog.canoe.ca/hicksonsix/2007/09/08/edmonton_and_the_prince_rupert_container
Global News
https://globalnews.ca/news/6522704/cn-rail-montreal-relocation/
"World's Largest Shopping Malls"
https://web.archive.org/web/20120305041824/http://nutmeg.easternct.edu/~pocock/MallsWorld.htm
"World's 10 biggest shopping malls"
https://web.archive.org/web/20131113192553/http://www.emporis.com/pdf/Pressrelease_20120207_ENG.pdf
"Malls In Edmonton"
http://www.discoveredmonton.com/Edmonton/Shopping/ShoppingMalls/
"South Edmonton Common"
https://web.archive.org/web/20080212095448/http://southedmontoncommon.com/index.htm
"Windermere Power Centre"
https://web.archive.org/web/20130412192541/http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/business/story.html?id=1b9e9fa4-046c-493f-8645-1d14d7df140d
"The Plays the Thing in Old Strathcona"
https://web.archive.org/web/20130908193312/http://www.rewedmonton.ca/content_view2?CONTENT_ID=139
Forbes
https://www.forbes.com/sites/sandramacgregor/2020/01/09/discover-why-edmonton-is-one-of-canadas-hottest-destinations/
Edmonton in Our Own Words
https://books.google.com/books?id=JRtWO4osCYYC&q=Edmonton+in+Our+Own+Words
"Winspear Centre History"
http://www.winspearcentre.com/about/history/
"Support ESO – Reasons to Give"
http://www.edmontonsymphony.com/support/reasons-to-give/
The Canadian Encyclopedia
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/francis-winspear-centre-for-music-emc/
The Citadel Theatre
http://www.citadeltheatre.com/about-us/
www.perseus.tufts.edu
https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0132:life=aug.:chapter=29
"Ukrainian Dnipro Ensemble of Edmonton"
http://www.dniprochoir.com/
CTV News Edmonton
https://www.ctvnews.ca/edmonton/article/its-a-legendary-festival-performers-get-set-to-hit-the-street/
Edmonton Journal
https://edmontonjournal.com/entertainment/festivals/all-that-jazz-edmonton-festival-marks-40-years-playing-host-to-jazz-giants
Edmonton Journal
https://web.archive.org/web/20120731233950/http://www.edmontonjournal.com/entertainment/festivals/Capital%2Bnamed%2BDays/7002873/story.html
CBC News
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/cfr-red-deer-canadian-finals-rodeo-1.4490604
globalnews.ca
https://globalnews.ca/news/10048536/canadian-finals-rodeo-edmonton-2024/
Global News
https://globalnews.ca/news/5736954/edmonton-international-fringe-theatre-festival-2019/
Edmonton Journal
https://edmontonjournal.com/entertainment/festivals/building-on-a-40-year-foundation-folk-fest-has-brought-a-world-of-music-to-our-doorstep-for-four-decades
Global News
https://globalnews.ca/news/8820497/edmonton-pride-festival-churchill-square-new-team-2022/
edmontonjournal
https://edmontonjournal.com/entertainment/festivals/pride-month-turns-it-up-early-with-pride-reunited-at-grindstone-this-weekend
Global News
https://globalnews.ca/news/5477413/edmonton-summer-festival-event-concert-guide-2019/
CBC News
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/edmonton-winter-embrace-1.5401015
Narcity
https://www.narcity.com/things-to-do/ca/ab/9-cheap-winter-things-to-do-in-alberta-this-january
Radio Station History
https://web.archive.org/web/20130207104449/http://www.broadcasting-history.ca/index3.html?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.broadcasting-history.ca%2Flistings_and_histories%2Fradio%2Fhistories.php%3Fid%3D125%26historyID%3D56
The Encyclopedia of Music in Canada
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/edmonton-alta-emc/
Encyclopedia of Music in Canada
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/edmonton-symphony-orchestra-emc/
The Encyclopedia of Music in Canada
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/robert-goulet-emc/
The Canadian Encyclopedia
https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/kd-lang-emc
Edmonton Journal
https://www.proquest.com/docview/253311714
"Revitalization"
https://web.archive.org/web/20110706191356/http://oldstrathcona.ca/revitalization
"The First Steps of Strathcona"
https://web.archive.org/web/20120415154155/http://oldstrathcona.ca/the-first-steps-of-strathcona
"Welcome to Old Strathcona"
http://www.oldstrathcona.ca/
"Metro Cinema"
http://www.metrocinema.org
"Scenic Settings"
https://web.archive.org/web/20131025214420/http://edmonton.com/for-visitors/scenic-settings.aspx
"Edmonton Bicycle Map"
https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064806/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/RoadsTraffic/CycleEdmontonMap_13092013.pdf
"Parkland and environment"
http://www.abheritage.ca/famous5/leadership/individually.html
"Selection List of Common Tree Species"
https://data.edmonton.ca/Environmental-Services/Trees-Species-Map-View-/cggb-hzzm
"Juglans sp. (Butternut/Walnut)"
https://web.archive.org/web/20100506014916/http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/%24department/deptdocs.nsf/all/opp4044?opendocument
"Parkland and environment"
http://www.edmontongolf.com/
"Edmonton – Ice and Snow"
https://web.archive.org/web/20100921151853/http://edmonton.ca/attractions_recreation/sport_recreation/crosscountry-skiing.aspx
Edmonton & Area Land Trust
https://www.ealt.ca/larch-sanctuary/
Edmonton & Area Land Trust
https://www.ealt.ca/potential-forest-and-farmland/
"volunteer opportunities"
http://www.edmonton.ca/programs_services/volunteer-opportunities.aspx
"Valley Zoo"
http://www.edmonton.ca/attractions_events/edmonton-valley-zoo.aspx
National WWI Museum and Memorial
https://www.theworldwar.org/learn/about-wwi/hundred-days-offensive
"Alberta Railway Museum"
https://web.archive.org/web/20090219160246/http://railwaymuseum.ab.ca/
"John walter museum and historical area"
http://www.historicplaces.ca/visit-visite/affichage-display.aspx?id=2986
"Museums"
http://www.museums.ualberta.ca/
www.ualberta.ca
https://www.ualberta.ca/museums
www.ualberta.ca
https://www.ualberta.ca/art-design/fab-gallery
www.macewan.ca
https://web.archive.org/web/20200305113414/https://www.macewan.ca/wcm/SchoolsFaculties/FFAC/MitchellArtGallery/index.htm
"Sports History in Edmonton"
https://web.archive.org/web/20061015224038/http://www.epl.ca/EPLSportsHistory.cfm
"Welcome to the home of the Oil City Derby Girls!"
https://web.archive.org/web/20070103052038/http://www.oilcityderbygirls.ca/
"Don't Play Nice, Play E-Ville!"
http://www.e-villederby.com
CBC News
https://web.archive.org/web/20110113152958/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/edmonton-indy-back-this-summer-1.996528
"Century Mile Racetrack and Casino"
https://www.cnty.com/centurymile/
WBSC
https://web.archive.org/web/20211212234416/https://www.wbsc.org/organisation/u-18-womens-softball-world-cup-historic-results
WBSC
https://web.archive.org/web/20211217162049/https://www.wbsc.org/organisation/u-18-mens-softball-world-cup-historic-results
"2005 World Masters Games"
https://web.archive.org/web/20130122103751/http://www.infoedmonton.com/edmonton2005/2005worldmastersgames.html
CBC Sports
https://www.cbc.ca/sports/soccer/canada-sets-u-20-world-cup-attendance-record-1.659028
globalnews.ca
https://globalnews.ca/news/608474/edmonton-named-host-city-for-2014-u-20-womens-world-cup/
CTV News
https://web.archive.org/web/20210414021702/https://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/edmonton-named-one-of-six-host-cities-for-fifa-women-s-world-cup-2015-1.805311
WBSC
https://www.wbsc.org/en/organisation/wbsc-events/womens-baseball-world-cup/historic-results
Edmonton
https://www.ctvnews.ca/edmonton/article/edmonton-wont-host-2026-world-cup-matches-as-fifa-picks-toronto-vancouver/
cbc.ca
https://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/2027-world-junior-hockey-championship-alberta-1.7124945
The Grey Cup
https://thegreycup.com/grey-cup-results/
"A brief history: Edmonton Oilers"
https://www.nhl.com/news/a-brief-history-edmonton-oilers/c-535599
www.msn.com
https://www.msn.com/en-ca/politics/government/alberta-municipal-candidates-weigh-options-with-financial-advantages-given-to-parties/ar-AA1L9tp3
"Ward System"
http://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/municipal_elections/ward-system.aspx
CTV News Edmonton
https://www.ctvnews.ca/edmonton/article/edmontons-new-indigenous-ward-names-explained/
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/city_organization/indigenous-ward-naming-knowledge-committee
"Members Information"
http://www.assembly.ab.ca/net/index.aspx?p=mla_home
"Official Voting Results by polling station (poll by poll results in Edmonton)"
https://officialresults.elections.ab.ca/orResultsPGE.cfm?EventId=60
Elections Alberta
https://web.archive.org/web/20190327150528/https://www.elections.ab.ca/voters/voterlink/
www.elections.ca
https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=cir/list&document=index338&lang=e
www.ourcommons.ca
https://www.ourcommons.ca/members/en/search
edmontonjournal.com
https://edmontonjournal.com/news/politics/election-2019/local-reaction-to-federal-election-outcome/
CBC News
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/2021-edmonton-federal-ndp-1.6189076
"Official Voting Results Raw Data (poll by poll results in Edmonton)"
https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=rep/off/44gedata&document=bypro&lang=e
albertaonrecord.ca
https://web.archive.org/web/20210414043122/https://albertaonrecord.ca/city-of-edmonton-fire-department
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/city_government/city_organization/fire-rescue-services.aspx
Center for Public Safety Excellence
https://cpse.org/accreditation/accredited-agencies/
About EPS
http://www.edmontonpolice.ca/AboutEPS/HistoryOfTheEPS.aspx
"CFB Namao"
http://www.abheritage.ca/aviation/history/military_namao.html
"Paratrooper: Airborne with the Army's advanced warfare centre | Canadian Army Today"
https://canadianarmytoday.com/paratrooper-airborne-with-the-armys-advanced-warfare-centre/
"Proceedings of the Standing Senate Committee on National Security and Defence"
https://sencanada.ca/en/Content/Sen/committee/381/defe/16eva-e
Nonsuch
https://web.archive.org/web/20130630044740/http://www.navy.forces.gc.ca/navres/nearestUnit_uniteLaPlusPres/hmcs_ncsm_NONSUCH/noh-unitPortal_portailUnite-eng.asp
"Cadets Canada"
http://www.cadets.ca/en/
Crime and Justice Research Paper Series
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-561-m/85-561-m2008010-eng.pdf
"Police-reported crime statistics in Canada, 2013"
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2014001/article/14040-eng.pdf
www150.statcan.gc.ca
https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3510007101
Edmonton
https://www.ctvnews.ca/edmonton/article/brazenness-of-shootings-escalating-police-say-as-videos-of-public-gun-violence-released/
www.edmontonpolice.ca
https://www.edmontonpolice.ca/News/SuccessStories/GunViolence2022
Damage in Edmonton city hall attack estimated at $100K, meetings canceled next week, January 26, 2024.
https://www.msn.com/en-ca/news/canada/damage-in-edmonton-city-hall-attack-estimated-at-100k-meetings-canceled-next-week/ar-BB1hjRnY
'Heavily armed' suspect acted alone in Edmonton City Hall shooting: police, January 23, 2024.
https://globalnews.ca/news/10244633/edmonton-city-hall-lockdown-january/
"Strategic Location"
https://web.archive.org/web/20110711013355/http://corporate.flyeia.com/media/7735/437.pdf
"Port Alberta"
https://web.archive.org/web/20071017112326/http://corporate.edmontonairports.com/business_at_the_airport/port_alberta
"Edmonton train station"
http://www.viarail.ca/en/explore-our-destinations/stations/rockies-and-pacific/edmonton
"History of ETS"
http://www.edmonton.ca/ets/ets-history-statistics.aspx
Edmonton Journal
https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/lrt-ridership-increases-but-overall-edmonton-transit-use-down-slightly
"City Council Minutes – June 18, 2008"
http://webdocs.edmonton.ca/meetings/minutes_council/cc20080618mn.doc
"Last Day of Trolley Operations"
https://web.archive.org/web/20110616145950/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/ets/about_ets/ets-trolley.aspx
Edmonton Journal
https://web.archive.org/web/20110728182021/http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/story.html?id=a17d9aa6-0be1-4ae9-a977-0ca5a215d1ac
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/projects_plans/transit/future-lrt-projects.aspx
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/ets/ets-history-statistics.aspx
"Edmonton Transit System's LRT History"
http://www.barp.ca/bus/lrt/edmonton/history.html
Edmonton's Light Rail Transit From Concept to Operations
http://pubsindex.trb.org/document/view/default.asp?lbid=174228
"South LRT Extension"
https://web.archive.org/web/20130424025250/http://www.edmonton.ca/transportation/FactSheet-SLRTExtension.pdf
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/projects_plans/transit/valley-line-lrt-mill-woods-to-lewis-farms.aspx
CBC
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/edmonton-s-valley-line-southeast-lrt-to-open-1.7006127
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/projects_plans/transit/valley-line-west.aspx
Edmonton
https://www.ctvnews.ca/edmonton/article/regional-transit-commission-approved-by-the-alberta-government/
"Edmonton Transit System Advisory Board"
https://web.archive.org/web/20090326205306/http://webdocs.edmonton.ca/transit/about_ets/etsab2008Minutes/etsab_minutes_apr08.pdf
"Trans Canada Yellowhead Highway Association"
http://www.transcanadayellowhead.com/
"Alberta Highway 2"
http://www.transportation.alberta.ca/Content/docType329/Production/11x17_Provincial_Network_Map.pdf
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/activities_parks_recreation/parks_rivervalley/trail-system.aspx
"Trails & Pathways"
http://edmonton.ca/activities_parks_recreation/parks_rivervalley/trail-system.aspx
"EPCOR UV"
https://web.archive.org/web/20100831021817/http://www.epcor.ca/en-ca/corporate-responsibility/environmental-vision/CleanerWater/Pages/UV.aspx
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/programs_services/garbage_waste/edmonton-cart-rollout.aspx
edmontonjournal
https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/waste-cart-rollout-starts-monday-as-edmonton-begins-moves-to-source-separated-collection
Transforming Edmonton
https://transforming.edmonton.ca/cart-rollout-delivers-to-more-than-250000-edmonton-households-in-six-months/
Transforming Edmonton
https://transforming.edmonton.ca/new-sorting-stations-a-colourful-addition-to-edmontons-waste-diversion-story/
edmontonjournal
https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/waste-collection-missed-for-about-13000-southwest-edmonton-homes-last-week-due-to-contractor-challenges-adjusting-to-new-system
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/programs_services/garbage_waste/edmonton-composting-facility.aspx
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/programs_services/garbage_waste/multi-family-collection-recycling.aspx
www.edmonton.ca
https://www.edmonton.ca/programs_services/garbage_waste/commercial-waste.aspx
CBC
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/edmonton-waste-organics-pilot-1.5266744
"Edmonton Composting Facility"
http://www.edmonton.ca/for_residents/garbage-recycling.aspx
"Edmonton Composting Facility"
http://www.edmonton.ca/for_residents/garbage_recycling/edmonton-composting-facility.aspx
Global News
https://globalnews.ca/news/5329568/edmonton-composting-facility-closed/
"Edmonton Waste Management Centre of Excellence"
https://web.archive.org/web/20090106124106/http://www.ewmce.com/
"Hospitals & Primary Care Facilities"
https://web.archive.org/web/20090302054801/http://www.capitalhealth.ca/HospitalsandHealthFacilities/Hospitals/default.htm
"AHS Edmonton Zone Brochure"
http://www.albertahealthservices.ca/assets/zone/ahs-zn-edmonton-map-brochure.pdf
"Facts and Stats"
http://www.epsb.ca/ourdistrict/facts/
"School Directory"
https://www.ecsd.net/school-directory
"Edmonton Academy"
https://web.archive.org/web/20080514200620/http://www.edmontonacademy.com/home.html
"About Us"
http://progressiveacademy.ca/about-us/
"Welcome to Tempo School"
http://www.temposchool.org/
www.aasa.org
https://www.aasa.org/SchoolAdministratorArticle.aspx?id=10846
Edmonton Public Schools
https://web.archive.org/web/20190303182041/http://www.epsb.ca/media/epsb/curriculumprograms/AlternativeProgramsHandbook.pdf
www.mun.ca
https://www.mun.ca/educ/faculty/mwatch/vol1/delaney.html
edmontonjournal.com
https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/retired-edmonton-school-superintendent-bets-he-can-overhaul-massive-las-vegas-school-system/
"Edmonton Society for Christian Education"
https://web.archive.org/web/20120925152404/http://www.edmchristian.org/our-schools/edmonton-society-for-christian-education
"Edmonton Society for Christian Education"
https://web.archive.org/web/20120925152404/http://www.edmchristian.org/our-schools/edmonton-society-for-christian-education
"Millwoods Christian School"
https://web.archive.org/web/20100125122941/http://www.millwoodschristianschool.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=12&Itemid=27
"Home Schooling in Edmonton"
http://homeschooledmonton.wordpress.com/
"Publicly Funded Institutions"
http://eae.alberta.ca/post-secondary/institutions/public.aspx
"UA Locations"
http://lss.athabascau.ca/advising/learning_centres.php
"Faculty of Management Edmonton Campus"
https://archive.today/20130115151423/http://www.uleth.ca/edmonton/
"University Governance"
http://www.governance.ualberta.ca/
"Financial -UAlberta Facts"
https://archive.today/20140726193811/http://uofa.ualberta.ca/why-ualberta/ualbertafacts/Financial.aspx
www.ualberta.ca
https://www.ualberta.ca/about/facts.html
UAlberta Extension
https://ext.ualberta.ca/information/about-us
"Distinctively U of A – UAlberta Facts"
https://web.archive.org/web/20140702121722/http://uofa.ualberta.ca/why-ualberta/ualbertafacts/distinctivelyua
www.macewan.ca
https://web.archive.org/web/20211101165119/https://www.macewan.ca/wcm/Discover/OurStory/FactsandFigures/index.htm
NAIT
https://www.nait.ca/nait/about/our-vision/quick-facts
www.norquest.ca
https://www.norquest.ca/about-us.aspx
"Yellowhead Tribal College"
http://www.ytced.ab.ca/
Television Stations Listings
https://web.archive.org/web/20050724000825/http://www.broadcasting-history.ca/index3.html
Radio Station history
https://web.archive.org/web/20050724000825/http://www.broadcasting-history.ca/index3.html
The Globe and Mail
https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/postmedia-sun-media-deal-officially-closes/article23895298/
"Edmonton Journal cutting Sunday paper"
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/edmonton-journal-cutting-sunday-paper-1.1163850
"About"
https://web.archive.org/web/20130113101712/http://metronews.ca/about/
CBC News
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/toronto-star-star-metro-closing-1.5365326
"Newsweekly Directory"
http://www.altweeklies.com/aan/Directories/Newsweeklies
Edmonton Journal
https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/edmonton-alt-paper-vue-weekly-ends-its-run
"AWNA Member Listing"
http://www.awna.com/awna-member-listing
Edmonton Public Library
https://web.archive.org/web/20160405054137/http://www2.epl.ca/InfoFile/EPLInfofileDetail.cfm?subject_detail=Sister%20Cities
City of Edmonton
https://web.archive.org/web/20031006052526/http://www.gov.edmonton.ab.ca/corp_pages/sister_cities.html
Naming Edmonton : from Ada to Zoie
https://archive.org/details/namingedmontonfr00aubr
SCNashville.org
http://www.scnashville.org/
"Gangwon – Alberta Relations"
https://web.archive.org/web/20140326001015/http://www.albertacanada.com/korea/images/Gangwon-AB.pdf
"Vriendschap Bergen op Zoom met Edmonton (Friendship Bergen op Zoom met Edmonton)"
https://www.bndestem.nl/regio/bergen-op-zoom/vriendschap-bergen-op-zoom-met-edmonton-1.3922932
Sister Cities of Nashville
https://www.scnashville.org/edmonton-canada.html
The Tennessean
https://www.tennessean.com/picture-gallery/entertainment/people/2015/11/19/world-of-friendship-reception/76045948/