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EastEnders

Updated: 12/11/2025, 2:22:25 PM Wikipedia source

EastEnders is a British television soap opera created by Julia Smith and Tony Holland which has been broadcast on BBC One since February 1985. Set in the fictional borough of Walford in the East End of London, the programme follows the stories of local residents and their families as they go about their daily lives. Within eight months of the show's original launch, it had reached the number one spot in BARB's television ratings, and has consistently remained among the top-rated series in Britain. Four EastEnders episodes are listed in the all-time top 10 most-watched programmes in the UK, including the number one spot, when more than 30 million watched the 1986 Christmas Day episode. EastEnders has been important in the history of British television drama, tackling many subjects that are considered to be controversial or taboo in British culture, and portraying a social life previously unseen on UK mainstream television. Since co-creator Holland was from a large family in the East End, a theme heavily featured in EastEnders is strong families, and each character is supposed to have their own place in the fictional community. The Watts, Beales and Fowlers, Mitchells, Brannings and the Slaters are some of the families that have been central to the soap's notable and dramatic storylines. EastEnders has been filmed at the BBC Elstree Centre since its inception, with a set that is outdoors and open to weather. In 2014, the BBC announced plans to rebuild the set entirely. Filming commenced on the new set in January 2022, and it was first used on-screen in March 2022. Demolition on the old set commenced in November 2022. EastEnders has received both praise and criticism for many of its storylines, which have dealt with difficult themes including violence, rape, murder and abuse. It has been criticised for various storylines, including the 2010 baby swap storyline, which attracted more than 6,000 complaints, as well as complaints of showing too much violence and allegations of national and racial stereotypes. However, EastEnders has also been commended for representing real-life issues and spreading awareness on social topics. The cast and crew of the show have received and been nominated for various awards.

Infobox

Genre
Soap opera
Created by
mw- Julia Smith Tony Holland
Written by
Various
Directed by
Various
Starring
Present cast Former cast
Theme music composer
Simon May Leslie Osborne
Opening theme
EastEnders theme tune
Country of origin
United Kingdom
Original language
English
No. of episodes
7,236
Executive producers
Various (currently Ben Wadey)
Producers
Various (currently Sharon Batten, series producer)
Production location
BBC Elstree Centre
Camera setup
Video, multiple-camera setup
Running time
30–60 minutes
Production company
BBC Studios Continuing Drama Productions
Network
BBC One (1985–present) BBC iPlayer (2021–present)
Release
19 February 1985 (1985-02-19) –present

Tables

Total annual cost[299][266] · Production › Budgets and costs
Cost (£millions)
Cost (£millions)
Year
Cost (£millions)
2002–2003
35.8
2003–2004
36.2
2004–2005
34.7
2005–2006
34.1
2006–2007
33.0
2007–2008
33.6
2008–2009
31.5
2009–2010
29.9
Year
2002–2003
2003–2004
2004–2005
2005–2006
2006–2007
2007–2008
2008–2009
2009–2010
Cost (£millions)
35.8
36.2
34.7
34.1
33.0
33.6
31.5
29.9
Average, highest and lowest ratings for EastEnders by year · Popularity and viewership › Ratings
1985
91
Role(s)
14.37
Notes
23.55
1986
105
Role(s)
20.66
Notes
30.15
1987
107
Role(s)
21.14
Notes
28.00
1988
104
Role(s)
18.94
Notes
24.95
1989
104
Role(s)
16.99
Notes
24.08
1990
104
Role(s)
17.17
Notes
20.80
1991
105
Role(s)
17.12
Notes
22.44
1992
106
Role(s)
18.28
Notes
24.32
1993
105
Role(s)
17.90
Notes
23.21
1994
142
Role(s)
16.02
Notes
25.30
1995
157
Role(s)
14.54
Notes
22.02
1996
161
Role(s)
14.65
Notes
17.92
1997
162
Role(s)
14.23
Notes
18.06
1998
161
Role(s)
14.75
Notes
22.14
1999
169
Role(s)
15.87
Notes
20.89
2000
163
Role(s)
15.47
Notes
20.89
2001
179
Role(s)
15.92
Notes
23.18
2002
211
Role(s)
11.95
Notes
16.97
2003
210
Role(s)
12.58
Notes
16.66
2004
209
Role(s)
11.32
Notes
14.80
2005
209
Role(s)
10.19
Notes
14.34
2006
207
Role(s)
9.16
Notes
12.33
2007
208
Role(s)
8.87
Notes
14.38
2008
208
Role(s)
8.42
Notes
11.73
2009
209
Role(s)
8.43
Notes
11.67
2010
204
Role(s)
9.35
Notes
16.41
2011
211
Role(s)
9.02
Notes
11.42
2012
206
Role(s)
8.23
Notes
11.31
2013
212
Role(s)
7.72
Notes
10.03
2014
206
Role(s)
7.20
Notes
9.09
2015
209
Role(s)
7.17
Notes
11.60
2016
210
Role(s)
6.94
Notes
9.47
2017
209
Role(s)
6.68
Notes
8.41
2018
206
Role(s)
6.12
Notes
7.81
2019
210
Role(s)
5.60
Notes
7.36
2020
138
Role(s)
5.49
Notes
7.46
2021
209
Role(s)
4.36
Notes
5.59
2022
209
Role(s)
3.72
Notes
5.16
2023
210
Role(s)
3.59
Notes
5.45
2024
210
Role(s)
3.54
Notes
5.58
Year
Number of episodes
Average viewers(millions)
Highest rating(millions)
Lowest rating(millions)
1985
91
14.37
23.55
7.75
1986
105
20.66
30.15
13.90
1987
107
21.14
28.00
13.65
1988
104
18.94
24.95
12.60
1989
104
16.99
24.08
12.83
1990
104
17.17
20.80
12.33
1991
105
17.12
22.44
13.06
1992
106
18.28
24.32
11.85
1993
105
17.90
23.21
10.47
1994
142
16.02
25.30
7.96
1995
157
14.54
22.02
7.88
1996
161
14.65
17.92
7.73
1997
162
14.23
18.06
7.13
1998
161
14.75
22.14
8.01
1999
169
15.87
20.89
10.89
2000
163
15.47
20.89
9.64
2001
179
15.92
23.18
11.27
2002
211
11.95
16.97
8.33
2003
210
12.58
16.66
8.58
2004
209
11.32
14.80
6.83
2005
209
10.19
14.34
6.76
2006
207
9.16
12.33
4.11
2007
208
8.87
14.38
4.29
2008
208
8.42
11.73
5.30
2009
209
8.43
11.67
5.02
2010
204
9.35
16.41
4.99
2011
211
9.02
11.42
5.74
2012
206
8.23
11.31
5.53
2013
212
7.72
10.03
5.42
2014
206
7.20
9.09
4.58
2015
209
7.17
11.60
5.43
2016
210
6.94
9.47
4.83
2017
209
6.68
8.41
4.19
2018
206
6.12
7.81
4.56
2019
210
5.60
7.36
4.16
2020
138
5.49
7.46
4.07
2021
209
4.36
5.59
2.54
2022
209
3.72
5.16
2.28
2023
210
3.59
5.45
2.64
2024
210
3.54
5.58
1.38

References

  1. Official ratings are over a seven-day period up to 2014 and from 2022 onwards, and over a 28-day period from 2015 to 202
  2. The viewing figures for 16 episodes are not combined with the omnibus.
  3. This rating is not combined with the omnibus; the lowest rating for an episode with a combined rating was 12.87 million.
  4. The viewing figures for 52 episodes are not combined with the omnibus.
  5. This rating is not combined with the omnibus; the lowest rating for an episode with a combined rating was 12.02 million.
  6. The viewing figures for 138 episodes are not combined with the omnibus.
  7. This rating is combined with the omnibus; the highest rating for an episode without a combined rating was 19.69 million.
  8. This rating is not combined with the omnibus; the lowest rating for an episode with a combined rating was 13.89 million.
  9. The viewing figures for 10 episodes are unknown.
  10. The ratings are not combined with the omnibus before 29 June 1998, but are combined thereafter.
  11. The viewing figures for five episodes are unknown.
  12. The viewing figures for 25 episodes are unknown.
  13. The viewing figures for 95 episodes are unknown.
  14. Science and Media Museum
    https://blog.scienceandmediamuseum.org.uk/happy-christmas-ange-the-nations-most-watched-tv-episode/
  15. Queer Love in Film and Television: Critical Essays
  16. BBC
    https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-59950299
  17. whattowatch
    https://www.whattowatch.com/news/eastenders-new-look-albert-square-to-hit-screens-next-week
  18. Metro
    https://metro.co.uk/2022/11/18/eastenders-set-demolished-as-fans-slam-wasted-opportunity-17784558/
  19. Smith 2005, p. 10
  20. Smith 2005, p. 11
  21. BBC News
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  22. "Daily Bacon: Coronation Street"
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  24. Smith 2005
  25. Buckingham 1987, p. 15
  26. "Market on Honey Lane / Honey Lane (1967–69)"
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  27. Smith & Holland 1987, p. 24
  28. EastEnders
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  29. Smith 2005, p. 15
  30. Smith & Holland 1987, p. 164
  31. Smith & Holland 1987, p. 48
  32. Smith & Holland 1987, p. 49
  33. Smith & Holland 1987, pp. 51–56
  34. Smith & Holland 1987, p. 15
  35. Smith & Holland 1987, p. 52
  36. Smith 2005, p. 20
  37. What's on TV
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  38. BBC Online
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  39. Smith & Holland 1987, p. 97
  40. EastEnders
    https://web.archive.org/web/20060831031758/http://www.bbc.co.uk/eastenders/backstage/crew/qa/qa_content/qa_0001.shtml
  41. Smith & Holland 1987, p. 154
  42. Smith 2005, p. 17
  43. Slide 1996, p. 35
  44. The Guardian
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  45. The Guardian
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  46. BBC Bitesize
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  47. Brake 1995
  48. Brake 1995, p. 70
  49. Brake 1995, pp. 75–76
  50. Brake 1995, p. 91
  51. Brake 1995, p. 90
  52. Brake 1995, p. 100
  53. Brake 1995, p. 104
  54. "EASTENDERS: 11 February 1993"
    https://archive.today/20120709155217/http://catalogue.bbc.co.uk/catalogue/infax/programme/LDSC832L
  55. The Guardian
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  59. "IMDb awards", IMDb. Retrieved 6 May 2007.
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  61. "WHAT A LOAD OF PORK PIES; Ireland's full of drunkards, dimwits and donkeys according to EastEnders[permanent dead link]
    https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-61058550
  62. "Louise Berridge steps down as Executive Producer of EastEnders"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2004/09_september/21/berridge.shtml
  63. "Ellie caught up with the former Executive Producer to talk EastEnders and find out what Louise has got up to since leaving the show"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20170519090209/http://walfordweb.com/blog/entry/3788441/635468
  64. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/sep/21/broadcasting.bbc
  65. "Sixteen million watch Den's return", BBC. Retrieved 26 September 2006.
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3151484.stm
  66. ""Dirty" Dirty Tactics; EastEnders defied belief by raising Den Watts", Sunday Herald. Retrieved 26 September 2006.
    https://web.archive.org/web/20071121214215/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4156/is_20031005/ai_n12586279
  67. The Times
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110918110436/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/article508117.ece
  68. "BBC appoints new Executive Producer for EastEnders"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/02_february/24/harwood.shtml
  69. "Ross Kemp signs to EastEnders", BBC. URL last accessed on 24 February 2007.
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/05_may/22/kemp.shtml
  70. "Kemp's EastEnders return extended", BBC. URL last accessed on 24 February 2007.
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4390380.stm
  71. "Alfie accepts Nana's fate Archived 6 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine" Retrieved 24 September 2006
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  73. "Behind The Scenes on EastEnders", YouTube. Retrieved 6 March 2007.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UVrzGOoQf5Q
  74. "BBC One – EastEnders – Down Memory Lane with Matt Di Angelo", YouTube. Retrieved 2007-04-23.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RULI2afa_Rk&mode=related&search=
  75. "Doctor Who episodes coming to your mobile phone Archived 8 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine", pocket-lint.co.uk. Retri
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  76. ""EastEnders" new TV promo Archived 28 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine", Digital Spy. Retrieved 29 April 2007.
    http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/a45679/eastenders-new-tv-promo.html
  77. "Eastenders – Dot's baby", YouTube. Retrieved 23 April 2007.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWAGZFQA_7I
  78. "BBC One – EastEnders – Stacey's Trail", YouTube. Retrieved 29 April 2007.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y00_LCq3MsI
  79. "Eastenders – Rob and Dawn", YouTube. Retrieved 29 April 2007.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_XS7pHivvk
  80. Digital Spy
    https://web.archive.org/web/20091021031318/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s2/eastenders/news/a182543/eastenders-limit-episodes-to-16-actors.html
  81. BBC Online
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Feastenders%2F2010%2F02%2Fget-your-anoraks-on-trains-are.shtml
  82. Digital Spy
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100118071756/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s2/eastenders/scoop/a189597/eastenders-exec-teases-2010-storylines.html
  83. BBC News Online
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8526006.stm
  84. Digital Spy
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100210022633/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s2/eastenders/news/a202145/jessie-wallace-returns-to-eastenders.html
  85. Digital Spy
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100323082207/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s2/eastenders/news/a209768/zoe-lucker-joins-eastenders.html
  86. Digital Spy
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100418210141/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s2/eastenders/news/a214903/six-characters-to-leave-eastenders.html
  87. Digital Spy
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100514142428/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s2/eastenders/news/a219224/leon-zsa-zsa-to-leave-eastenders.html
  88. BBC Online
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Feastenders%2F2010%2F09%2Fbryan-kirkwood-interview.shtml
  89. Digital Spy
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100910110728/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s2/eastenders/news/a275070/enders-boss-teases-spectacular-fire-ep.html
  90. BBC Online
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Feastenders%2F2010%2F10%2Feastenders-to-go-hd-on-christm.shtml
  91. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a628985/corrie-eastenders-emmerdale-which-soap-had-the-best-live-special/
  92. International Business Times
    http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/eastenders-boss-lorraine-newman-quits-bbc-soap-495585
  93. "Twitter / dominictc: Had an amazing three years"
    https://twitter.com/dominictc/status/368410124937101312
  94. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a537973/eastenders-new-producer-shares-gossip-and-teasers-full-text/
  95. "9 December 2013"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b03kv3wz
  96. The Daily Telegraph
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/10330181/EastEnders-to-cut-four-stars.html
  97. "EastEnders boss: I refuse to tick boxes on race or sexuality"
    http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2015-02-02/eastenders-boss-i-refuse-to-tick-boxes-on-race-or-sexuality
  98. Herald Scotland
    http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/13195850.At_last__EastEnders_will_reveal_Who_Killed_Lucy__in_30th_anniversary_show_in_February/
  99. EastEnders News & Spoilers
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Feastenders%2Fentries%2Fdc5a0a28-acd5-4386-9102-c311b9627eda
  100. Metro
    http://metro.co.uk/2016/02/18/eastenders-boss-dominic-treadwell-collins-quits-the-bbc-soap-after-two-and-a-half-years-5702945/
  101. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a793299/end-of-an-era-eastenders-boss-dominic-treadwell-collins-shares-emotional-pictures-from-his-last-day/
  102. BBC
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b07kxbxw
  103. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a799696/eastenders-find-out-when-new-producer-sean-oconnors-first-credited-episode-will-air/
  104. Metro
    http://metro.co.uk/2016/12/01/casualty-boss-oliver-kent-is-now-in-charge-of-eastenders-too-6295255/
  105. Metro
    http://metro.co.uk/2017/05/16/eastenders-boss-sean-oconnor-gives-first-in-depth-interview-on-his-changes-to-the-soap-and-its-future-6638324/
  106. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a831548/eastenders-confirms-producer-sean-oconnor-is-leaving/
  107. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-40390623
  108. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a857839/eastenders-boss-john-yorke-extends-contract-year
  109. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a861114/eastenders-viewers-moved-soap-breaks-format-raise-awareness-knife-crime
  110. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a863452/eastenders-casualty-holby-city-new-producer-kate-oates/
  111. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a870672/eastenders-searching-new-executive-producer-kate-oates/
  112. Radio Times
    https://www.radiotimes.com/news/2018-12-10/jon-sen-named-as-new-eastenders-boss/
  113. BuzzFeed
    https://www.buzzfeed.com/elliewoodward/eastenders-has-an-ongoing-storyline-about-bins-and-its-fucki
  114. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a871649/eastenders-review-ruby-allen-rape-consent-episode/
  115. i
    https://inews.co.uk/news/eastenders-coronation-street-and-x-factor-decline-is-driving-down-tv-viewing-figures/
  116. "Four-screen dashboard – BARB"
    https://www.barb.co.uk/viewing-data/four-screen-dashboard/
  117. The Irish News
    https://www.irishnews.com/magazine/entertainment/2017/10/19/news/eastenders-is-ratings-success-on-bbc-iplayer-1167215/
  118. BBC
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2020/eastenders-iplayer
  119. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a31043456/eastenders-boss-dennis-death-actor-reaction/
  120. Metro
    https://metro.co.uk/2020/02/21/bleu-landau-leaving-eastenders-dennis-dies-12278782/
  121. Sky News
    https://news.sky.com/story/coronavirus-filming-of-eastenders-suspended-until-further-notice-11959542
  122. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-52660480
  123. Radio Times
    https://www.radiotimes.com/news/soaps/eastenders/2020-06-03/eastenders-secrets-from-the-square-stacey-dooley/
  124. "BBC One celebrates EastEnders with Secrets From The Square as well as a selection of iconic episodes from the past"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2020/eastenders-specials
  125. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a32847905/eastenders-four-nights-shorter-episodes/
  126. Radio Times
    https://www.radiotimes.com/news/soaps/eastenders/2020-06-29/eastenders-resumes-filming-albert-square-mural/
  127. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a33594051/eastenders-return-date-confirmed-autumn-spoilers/
  128. Cambridge News
    https://www.cambridge-news.co.uk/news/uk-world-news/eastenders-masterchef-emmerdale-cancelled-tonight-20352972
  129. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a36578485/eastenders-release-episodes-early-bbc-iplayer/
  130. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a36913662/eastenders-episodes-box-set-bbc-iplayer-extension/
  131. BBC Media Centre
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  132. "Casualty, Coronation Street, Eastenders, Emmerdale and Holby City to highlight climate change"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20211012225151/https://www.itv.com/news/2021-10-12/why-eastenders-and-coronation-street-fans-will-see-characters-from-other-soaps
  133. Digital Spy
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  134. Digital Spy
    https://web.archive.org/web/20211105235305/https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a38163351/eastenders-spoilers-hollyoaks-crossover-cindy-cunningham/
  135. Digital Spy
    https://web.archive.org/web/20211103222734/https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/emmerdale/a38150519/emmerdale-eastenders-soap-crossover/
  136. ""EastEnders" Exec Jon Sen to Step Down, Replaced by Chris Clenshaw"
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  137. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a39442074/eastenders-spoilers-jon-sen-final-episodes-producer/
  138. "EastEnders schedule changes to begin next month"
    https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/soaps/eastenders/eastenders-schedule-changes-newsupdate/
  139. BBC
    https://www.bbc.com/mediacentre/2022/eastenders-jubilee-theme-tune
  140. Metro
    https://metro.co.uk/2022/06/10/eastenders-fans-are-stunned-as-stuart-lola-and-dana-leave-16807844/
  141. BBC Media Centre
    https://bbc.com/mediacentre/2022/alfie-moon-is-on-his-way-home-eastenders
  142. Radio Times
    https://radiotimes.com/tv/soaps/eastenders/eastenders-2023-summer-preview-chris-clenshaw-spoilers/
  143. Digital Spy
    https://digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a44312617/eastenders-spoilers-summer-storylines-flashforward-clue/
  144. Digital Spy
    https://digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a44279986/eastenders-spoilers-chris-clenshaw-cindy-beale-return/
  145. Radio Times
    https://radiotimes.com/tv/soaps/eastenders/eastenders-chris-clenshaw-cindy-return-impact-newsupdate/
  146. Radio Times
    https://radiotimes.com/tv/soaps/eastenders/eastenders-is-finally-back-comment/
  147. Digital Spy
    https://digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a45013116/eastenders-best-serial-drama-ntas-2023/
  148. WalesOnline
    https://walesonline.co.uk/lifestyle/tv/bbc-eastenders-fans-want-show-27182751.amp
  149. Radio Times
    https://radiotimes.com/tv/soaps/eastenders/eastenders-danielle-harold-lola-chris-clenshaw-exit-newsupdate/
  150. Radio Times
    https://radiotimes.com/tv/soaps/eastenders/eastenders-spoilers-chris-clenshaw-knight-shining-armour-newsupdate/
  151. EastEnders
    https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/soaps/eastenders/eastenders-chris-clenshaw-step-down-ben-wadey-newsupdate/
  152. EastEnders
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a62385462/eastenders-chris-clenshaw-steps-down-ben-wadey/
  153. EastEnders
    https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/soaps/eastenders/eastenders-chris-clenshaw-final-episode-ben-wadey-newsupdate/
  154. Radio Times
    https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/soaps/eastenders/eastenders-oscar-branning-pierre-moullier-return-newsupdate/
  155. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a64186727/eastenders-exit-felix-baker/
  156. Metro
    https://metro.co.uk/2025/05/22/major-eastenders-exit-confirmed-star-set-leave-8-years-23222112/
  157. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a64999790/eastenders-spoilers-freddie-slater-exit/
  158. Daily Mirror
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  159. "What's the history of the Queen Vic?"
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  160. "Interesting Places and Famous Faces"
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  161. "How was the name Walford chosen?"
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  162. "The Story Behind The Set Of EastEnders"
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  163. "Underground EastEnders"
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  164. Royal Mail, Address Management Guide, (2004)
  165. HMSO, The Inner London Letter Post, (1980)
  166. BBC News
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  167. OK!
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  168. Daily Mirror
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  169. Digital Spy
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  170. MyLondon
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  171. The Guardian
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  172. Smith 2005, p. 55
  173. PopMatters
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  174. "'EastEnders' matriarch for Xmas exit"
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  175. Daily Express
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  176. "Exclusive: Q&A with Bryan Kirkwood"
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  177. Entertainment Daily UK
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  178. Express.co.uk
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  179. Radio Times
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  180. "Square deal"
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  181. "Will Kat's exit harm EastEnders?"
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  182. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a854131/eastenders-phil-mitchell-most-explosive-feuds/
  183. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a794267/grant-mitchells-9-greatest-eastenders-moments-from-sharongate-to-kung-fu-fighting/
  184. Daily Mirror
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  185. The Guardian
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  186. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a95782/in-pictures-enders-bad-boy-hits-new-heights/
  187. Metro
    https://metro.co.uk/2012/03/28/eastenders-steve-john-shepherd-michael-moon-is-a-psychopath-367863/
  188. Daily Mirror
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  189. Daily Mirror
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  190. Daily Mirror
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  191. What to Watch
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  192. Daily Mirror
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  193. What to Watch
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  194. MyLondon
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  195. Attitude
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  196. MyLondon
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  197. "Steve Owen"
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  198. MyLondon
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  199. The Guardian
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  200. "Johnny Allen"
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  201. BBC News
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  202. "Garry Hobbs"
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  203. Radio Times
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  204. Smith 2005, pp. 63–65
  205. "Why are soap operas so popular?"
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  206. The Independent
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  207. Daily Record
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  210. The Independent
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  211. museum.tv
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  212. "Coronation Street and EastEnders battle it out for coveted CRE Race in the Media Award"
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  215. "Radar announce EastEnders as winners!"
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  216. HuffPost
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  217. BBC News
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  218. PinkNews
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  219. Digital Spy
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  220. Daily Express
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  221. Newsbeat
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  224. BBC Online
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  225. Digital Spy
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  226. BBC
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  227. Geraghty 1991, p. 32
  228. Geraghty 1991, p. 16
  229. Digital Spy
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  230. Barker 1997, p. 79
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  233. "Mental Health Media Awards 2006" BBC. Retrieved 28 February 2008.
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  235. Daily Telegraph
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  236. Metro
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  237. "NSPCC research reveals childcare professional's concerns over rise in emotional abuse"
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  244. Smith & Holland 1987, p. 43
  245. Smith & Holland 1987, p. 95
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  249. EastEnders to stay at Elstree Studios Guardian
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  250. "TV Set Support Eastenders"
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  251. "EastEnders makes a move upmarket"
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  252. Digital Spy
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  253. The Guardian
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  254. Metro
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  255. The Guardian
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  256. Private Eye
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  259. BBC News
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  260. EastEnders
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  261. The Times
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  262. The Independent
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  263. EastEnders
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  266. EastEnders
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  267. Daily Mirror
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  268. Brake 1995, p. 54
  269. Digital Spy
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  270. BBC News
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  271. The Daily Telegraph
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  272. Digital Spy
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  273. Digital Spy
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  274. ATV Today UK
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  277. EastEnders
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  280. Daily Mirror
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  281. BBC News
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  282. "EastEnders: A Life Abroad"
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  283. "Eastenders Easter Special (2007)"
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  284. "Kent Film Office Eastenders Article"
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  285. EastEnders
  286. The Herts Advertiser
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  288. The Belfast Telegraph
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  289. Digital Spy
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  290. Echo
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  291. Daily Mirror
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  292. Digital Spy
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  293. Braintree and Witham Times
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  294. Daily Gazette
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  295. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a405239/eastenders-car-crash-details-revealed/
  296. Digital Spy
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  297. The Enquirer
    https://web.archive.org/web/20131014173611/http://www.theenquirer.co.uk/read.aspx?id=12608
  298. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a177337/live-ep-for-eastenders-25th-anniversary/
  299. "EastEnders: The Olympic flame comes to Walford!"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Feastenders%2F2011%2F11%2Fthe-olympic-flame-comes-to-wal.shtml
  300. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a630200/eastenders-boss-on-bobby-reveal-its-the-start-of-a-bigger-story/
  301. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a630489/eastenders-star-laurie-brett-on-bobby-ive-known-since-november/
  302. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a630208/eastenders-star-hetti-bywater-on-bobby-reveal-i-was-so-shocked/
  303. Brake 1995, p. 142
  304. Brake 1995, p. 143
  305. "EastEnders"
    https://www.bbcstudioworks.com/?case_study=eastenders
  306. "Sun, Sea, Sex, Sand and Conservatism in the Australian Television Soap Opera"
    http://eprints.qut.edu.au/62594/2/62594.pdf#page=3
  307. "BBC television script agreement"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160816121756/https://writersguild.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/BBC-TV-Script-Agreement.pdf
  308. Radio Times
    http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2011-05-14/how-much-do-soap-stars-earn
  309. The Daily Telegraph
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/07/19/revealed-full-list-bbcs-96-highest-paid-stars/
  310. "The BBC's management of the costs of producing continuing drama"
    https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/1011_bbc_drama.pdf#page=18
  311. The Independent
    https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/tv-radio/bbc-spent-700000-on-eastenders-episode-2249790.html
  312. "Total annual cost of the continuing dramas"
    https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/1011_bbc_drama.pdf#page=26
  313. EastEnders
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Feastenders%2Fentries%2Fbb643f66-1847-44f5-a0f8-e64038802e8e
  314. "EastEnders (2020)"
    https://wearealbert.org/climate-content/eastenders-2020/#:~:text=All%20food%20served%20on%20set,now%20collected%20for%20anerobic%20digestion.
  315. Encyclopedia of television
    https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/155865398
  316. The Times
    https://web.archive.org/web/20181222121847/http://find.galegroup.com/ttda/infomark.do
  317. "Educational resource (part one)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20070403175032/http://www.bbc.co.uk/eastenders/haveyoursay/howcani/howcani_content/howcani_0011.shtml
  318. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2001/aug/13/broadcasting
  319. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/feb/14/bbc.overnights
  320. "Educational Resource (Part Two)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20060304032805/http://www.bbc.co.uk/eastenders/haveyoursay/howcani/howcani_content/howcani_0010.shtml
  321. The Independent
    https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/eastenders-bbc-change-schedule-b2020202.html
  322. "The Museum of Broadcast Communications – Encyclopedia of Television"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160504064930/http://www.museum.tv/eotv/eastenders.htm
  323. "BBC – EastEnders: EastEnders Omnibus has moved"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Feastenders%2F2012%2F04%2Feastenders-omnibus-has-moved.shtml
  324. "EastEnders Omnibus"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b007sh7m/episodes/guide
  325. "Omnibus to end in 2015"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/webarchive/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Feastenders%2Fentries%2Fcda8168d-effa-3a5e-aefc-9bc38abb1673
  326. Radio Times
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160116103828/http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2016-01-15/eastenders-repeats-to-move-from-bbc3-to-w-the-new-name-for-uktvs-watch
  327. "EastEnders repeats to move to rebranded Watch channel"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180213022035/http://www.eastendersspy.co.uk/2016/02/16/reminder-eastenders-repeats-are-moving-to-channel-w/
  328. "BBC One listings: 20 February 1995"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150213020322/http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/1995-02-20
  329. "The Unforgettable EastEnders: 17 February 1995"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150213021715/http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/1995-02-17
  330. "The Unforgettable EastEnders"
    https://archive.today/20150215013804/http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/eae91bfeda1b49d584aff81bef3f39a8
  331. "The Unforgettable EastEnders"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190514232744/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/38172b224e5b484e81505f707532d3ec
  332. "The Unforgettable EastEnders"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190515030856/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/adbfa0b7930a402fad8a98fb736f13f7
  333. "Episodes by date"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006m86d/episodes/player
  334. "EastEnders – 30/07/2012"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01ljvsz
  335. "EastEnders Omnibus Episodes"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b007sh7m/episodes/guide
  336. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a854411/eastenders-repeats-axed-uktv-w-channel-after-two-years/
  337. "EastEnders iPlayer"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episodes/b006m86d/eastenders
  338. "EastEnders Season 1985 Episodes"
    https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=ELFFKbjbgS4RY
  339. "Classic EastEnders"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180805192734/https://drama.uktv.co.uk/shows/classic-eastenders/
  340. "EastEnders fans, here's when and where you can watch classic episodes from the beginning"
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a859769/eastenders-uktv-drama-airing-classic-episodes-from-august/
  341. "EastEnders Christmas Specials"
    https://www.britbox.co.uk/programme/EastEnders_Christmas_Specials_46207
  342. Smith & Holland 1987, pp. 210–215
  343. Broadcast
    https://www.proquest.com/docview/1704983797
  344. BBC America dumps EastEnders, Broadcast,
    http://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc-america-dumps-eastenders/1125975.article
  345. BBC News
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3777231.stm
  346. "EastEnders viewing schedule Archived 16 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine" WETA UK EastEnders. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
    http://www.weta.org/tv/program/eastenders
  347. Variety
    https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/britbox-eastenders-streaming-prime-suspect-1202002791/
  348. The Sydney Morning Herald
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120321004244/http://newsstore.fairfax.com.au/apps/viewDocument.ac?docID=news990201_0264_8810
  349. BBC Worldwide Australia
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150823031617/http://www.bbcaustralia.com/channels/uktv
  350. BBC Worldwide New Zealand
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150728025801/http://www.bbcnewzealand.com/channels/uktv/
  351. "BBC Prime" BBC. Retrieved 25 September 2006.
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/bbcworldwide/worldwidestories/pressreleases/2002/08_august/bbcprime_hillandknowlton.shtml
  352. BBC Entertainment
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090923231334/http://asia.bbcentertainment.com/faq.html
  353. "Frequently Asked Questions" BBC Canada. Retrieved 24 September 2006.
    https://web.archive.org/web/20061007192357/http://bbccanada.com/faq/
  354. The Globe and Mail
    https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/television/why-do-brit-soaps-endure/article1370436/
  355. The Sunday Business Post
    https://web.archive.org/web/20050511220905/http://archives.tcm.ie/businesspost/2001/01/07/story823869928.asp
  356. RTE.ie
    https://www.rte.ie/entertainment/listings/television/
  357. "RTÉ Player EastEnders"
    https://www.rte.ie/player/ie/show/eastenders-1064/
  358. Broadcast
    https://www.proquest.com/docview/1673744175
  359. NRC Handelsblad
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180316232339/https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/1993/03/13/het-oude-noorden-is-geen-belediging-voor-intelligentie-7176216-a656172
  360. Allen & Hill 2004, p. 264
  361. "Het Oude Noorden Episodes"
    http://zoeken.beeldengeluid.nl/internet/index.aspx?contentid=6&chapterid=1164&filterid=974&searchID=3841555&columnorderid=-1&orderby=1&itemsOnPage=10&defsortcol=12&defsortby=2&pvname=personen&pis=expressies;selecties&startrow=1#pageCounter
  362. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/jan/19/broadcasting.tvandradio
  363. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/a13403/pat-and-mo-star-in-eastenders-spin-off/
  364. "Dr Who: The Classic Series: Dimensions in time"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006q2x0
  365. BBC
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3759714.stm
  366. BBC
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/eastenders/news/index.shtml
  367. genome.ch.bbc.co.uk
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190109063822/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcthree/2006-12-01
  368. Broadcast
    http://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/news/multi-platform/web-drama-comes-of-age-with-eastenders-spin-off/5007149.article
  369. "Walford returns to web with second series of EastEnders: E20"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2010/04_april/08/eastenders.shtml
  370. "EastEnders joins forces with Michael Wood and Wallace & Gromit to inspire a life full of learning for BBC audiences"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2010/09_september/27/learning.shtml
  371. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a286665/enders-corrie-cin-crossover-confirmed/
  372. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a288267/in-pictures-enders-corrie-crossover/
  373. The Independent
    http://www.independent.ie/entertainment/television/tv-news/first-look-at-eastenders-irish-spinoff-redwater-but-have-producers-learned-from-previous-oirish-mistakes-34928952.html
  374. "BBC Store EastEnders"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160308232830/https://store.bbc.com/eastenders
  375. "EastEnders: CivvyStreet"
    https://store.bbc.com/eastenders-civvystreet
  376. Britain from Above
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/britainfromabove/stories/people/teatimebritain.shtml
  377. "Four-screen dashboard"
    https://www.barb.co.uk/viewing-data/four-screen-dashboard/
  378. The Listener
  379. Daily Express
    http://www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/557729/EastEnders-30th-Anniversary
  380. Monroe 1994, p. 6
  381. Kingsley 1991, p. 8
  382. The Listener
    http://find.galegroup.com/lsnr/infomark.do?prodId=LSNR&userGroupName=livjm&tabID=T003&docPage=article&searchType=&docId=GM2500175352&type=multipage&contentSet=LTO&version=1.0
  383. "Soaps battle in TV showdown", BBC News. Retrieved 1 April 2007.
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1483729.stm
  384. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/sep/22/broadcasting.bbc
  385. BBC News
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3679776.stm
  386. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/news/a19605/emmerdale-thrashes-enders-in-ratings-head-to-head/
  387. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/media/news/a19949/eastenders-hits-all-time-ratings-low/
  388. "EastEnders ratings hit record low", BBC News. Retrieved 1 April 2007.
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/5180518.stm
  389. Metro
    http://metro.co.uk/2007/05/18/eastenders-slumps-to-record-low-368211/
  390. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/soap-ratings/news/a214742/eastenders-drops-to-59m/
  391. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2008/jan/30/tvratings.television
  392. BBC News
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8526006.stm
  393. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a630233/eastenders-who-killed-lucy-shocks-bring-in-108m-on-thursday/
  394. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a630511/eastenders-live-brings-in-10-million-in-friday-ratings/
  395. Digital Spy
    https://web.archive.org/web/20130803185341/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s3/coronation-street/news/a502337/coronation-street-79m-watch-paul-and-lloyds-showdown.html
  396. Digital Spy
    https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/a37944470/eastenders-ratings-decline-episodes-length-bbc/
  397. Daily Mirror
    https://www.mirror.co.uk/tv/tv-news/eastenders-slumps-lowest-ever-viewing-24750660
  398. "Weekly top 30 programmes"
    http://www.barb.co.uk/viewing-data/weekly-top-30/
  399. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/videos/cq6g3qlv2m6o
  400. Buckingham 1987, p. 129
  401. "EastEnders: Faith, Morality and Hope in the Community"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/speeches/stories/yorke_stalbans.shtml
  402. BBC rapped over EastEnders BBC News, last accessed on 31 January 2003
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2712133.stm
  403. BBC News
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3358789.stm
  404. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/nov/02/bbc.radio
  405. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a242230/bbc-defends-eastenders-lucas-storyline/
  406. BBC News
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7245701.stm
  407. Daily Express
    http://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/826164/EastEnders-spoilers-Viewers-APPALLED-shocking-INCEST-storyline-Bernadette-Taylors-Keanu
  408. Daily Express
    http://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/826416/EastEnders-incest-story-Keanu-Bernadette-BBC-ratings
  409. Daily Express
    http://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/827085/EastEnders-incest-bombshell-Keanu-Taylor-Danny-Walters-Karen-Taylor-Lorraine-Stanley
  410. BBC sets out pledges, BBC News. Retrieved 21 June 2007.
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/172718.stm
  411. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/news/a112057/report-brands-soaps-quottoo-whitequot/
  412. New Statesman
    http://www.newstatesman.com/culture/2013/10/where-did-eastenders-go-wrong
  413. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/mar/04/former-eastenders-producer-tv-industry-diversity-barbara-emile
  414. Telegraph.co.uk
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/10921204/EastEnders-is-too-white-says-BBC-Trust-chief.html
  415. The Independent
    https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/eastenders-writer-wins-pounds-68-000-from-bbc-1557818.html
  416. Wiggins, Lizzie, p.149
  417. The Independent Archived 23 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine
    https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/scriptwriter-lost-job-after-giving-ira-a-role-in-soap-1555686.html
  418. The Independent Archived 23 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine
    https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/soap-opera-s-producers-aimed-axe-at-poor-acting-1556027.html
  419. "BBC defends EastEnders sex scene" BBC News. Retrieved 2 November 2006.
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4776447.stm
  420. Ofcom
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090326125642/http://www.ofcom.org.uk/tv/obb/prog_cb/obb112/issue112.pdf
  421. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2008/sep/18/bbc.television
  422. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-12110324
  423. Birmingham Mail
    http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/tv/ronnies-baby-dies-so-she-swaps-him-250592
  424. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a287462/eastenders-confirms-tragic-baby-plot/
  425. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/jan/07/eastenders-complaints-record-cot-death
  426. "'EastEnders' baby swap fallout nabs 10.2m"
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a315354/eastenders-baby-swap-fallout-nabs-102m/
  427. "Ronnie's 'Enders baby swap draws 9m"
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a295608/ronnies-enders-baby-swap-draws-9m/
  428. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-29519061
  429. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-30080764
  430. Digital Spy
    http://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/eastenders/news/a619266/eastenders-dean-linda-rape-episode-cleared-by-ofcom/
  431. Daily Mirror
    https://www.mirror.co.uk/tv/tv-news/bbc-responds-eastenders-viewer-complaints-27109400
  432. The Daily Telegraph
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/7288626/Detectives-claim-EastEnders-has-damaged-their-profession.html
  433. "Fury over EastEnders' "misleading" social work storyline"
    http://www.communitycare.co.uk/2012/10/09/fury-over-eastenders-misleading-social-work-storyline/
  434. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/greenslade/2012/oct/09/eastenders-social-care
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