| Year | Title | Role(s) | Notes |
| 1977 | The Starland Vocal Band Show | Announcer / Various | 6 episodes |
| 1978 | Mary | Announcer / Various | 3 episodes |
| 1978 | Peeping Times | Dan Cochran | Television film |
| 1979 | Fast Friends | Matt Morgan | Television film |
| 1979 | Mork & Mindy | Ellsworth | Episode: "Mork Goes Erk" |
| 1979 | The Mary Tyler Moore Hour | Various roles | 8 episodes |
| 1979 | Password Plus | Himself | Game Show Participant / Celebrity Guest Star |
| 1980 | The David Letterman Show | Himself (host) | 90 episodes; also creator, writer and executive producer |
| 1981 | Open All Night | Man in Suit | Episode: "Buckaroo Buddies" |
| 1982–1993 | Late Night with David Letterman | Himself (host) | 1,819 episodes; also creator, writer and executive producer |
| 1986 | 38th Primetime Emmy Awards | Himself (co-host) | Special |
| 1993–2015 | Late Show with David Letterman | Himself (host) | 4,263 episodes; also creator, writer and executive producer |
| 1993 | Murphy Brown | Himself | Episode: "Bump in the Night" |
| 1993 | The Building | The Thief | 5 episodes; also executive producer Also appeared in Episode: "Damned If You Do" |
| 1993–1995 | The Larry Sanders Show | Himself | 2 episodes |
| 1994 | Beavis and Butt-Head | Himself (voice) | Episode: "Late Night with Butt-head" |
| 1995 | 67th Academy Awards | Himself (host) | Television special |
| 1995–1999 | The Late Late Show with Tom Snyder | none | 777 episodes; co-creator and executive producer |
| 1995–1996 | Bonnie | none | 13 episodes; also executive producer |
| 1995 | The Nanny | Himself | Episode: "Pen Pal" |
| 1995 | Favorite Deadly Sins | Himself | Television film |
| 1996 | The Dana Carvey Show | Himself | Episode: "The Diet Mug Root Beer Dana Carvey Show" |
| 1996 | Seinfeld | Himself | Episode: "The Abstinence" |
| 1996 | The High Life | none | 8 episodes; also executive producer |
| 1996–2005 | Everybody Loves Raymond | none | 210 episodes; also executive producer |
| 1997–1998 | Spin City | Himself / Rags | 2 episodes |
| 1998 | Cosby | Himself | Episode "Fifteen Minutes of Fame" |
| 1999–2004 | The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn | none | 1,190 episodes; co-creator and executive producer |
| 2000–2004 | ED | none | 83 episodes; executive producer |
| 2005–2014 | The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson | none | 2,058 episodes; co-creator and executive producer |
| 2007 | The Knights of Prosperity | none | 13 episodes; also executive producer |
| 2012 | The Simpsons | Himself (voice) | Episode: "The D'oh-cial Network" |
| 2018–present | My Next Guest Needs No Introduction with David Letterman | Himself (host) | Also creator, writer and executive producer |
| 2020 | The Comedy Store | Himself | |
| 2022 | That's My Time with David Letterman | Himself (host) | |
| 2024 | Stupid Pet Tricks | Himself | Episode: "Late Night Memories"; also executive producer |
| John Mulaney Presents: Everybody's in LA | Himself | Episode: "Earthquakes" |
