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Chris Kyle

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Chris Kyle

Christopher Scott Kyle (April 8, 1974 – February 2, 2013) was a United States Navy SEAL sniper. He served four tours in the Iraq War and was awarded several commendations for acts of heroism and meritorious service in combat. He claimed to have had 160 confirmed killsand was awarded a Silver Star, four Bronze Star Medals with "V" devices for valor, 2× Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal with "V" device, as well as numerous other unit and personal awards. Kyle was honorably discharged from the U.S. Navy in 2009, and published his bestselling autobiography, American Sniper, in 2012. In 2013, Kyle was murdered by Eddie Ray Routh at the Rough Creek Lodge shooting range near Chalk Mountain, Texas. Routh, a former Marine, was found guilty and sentenced to life in prison with no possibility of parole. A film adaptation of Kyle's book, directed by Clint Eastwood, and starring Bradley Cooper as Kyle, was posthumously released in 2014. His autobiography contains many incidents that are unverifiable or that appear to have been fabricated, and he was sued by Jesse Ventura for defamation.

Infobox

Birth name
Christopher Scott Kyle
Nicknames
"The Legend", "Devil of Ramadi", "Tex", "American Sniper", "The Punisher"
Born
(1974-04-08)April 8, 1974Odessa, Texas, U.S.
Died
February 2, 2013(2013-02-02) (aged 38)Erath County, Texas, U.S.
Buried
Texas State Cemetery
Branch
United States Navy
Years of service
1999–2009
Rank
Chief Petty Officer(Rating: Special Warfare Operator, formerly Intelligence Specialist)
Unit
United States Navy SEALs SEAL Team 3
Battles / wars
mw- }See battles li Iraq War Invasion of Iraq Battle of Al Faw Battle of Nasiriyah Second Battle of Fallujah Second Battle of Ramadi 2008 Iraq spring fighting Siege of Sadr City
Awards
mw- Silver Star Bronze Star Medal (4) Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal
Spouse
mw- Taya Studebaker (m. 2002)
Children
2
Other work
American Sniper (2012) American Gun (2013)
Conflicts
mw- }See battles li Iraq War Invasion of Iraq Battle of Al Faw Battle of Nasiriyah Second Battle of Fallujah Second Battle of Ramadi 2008 Iraq spring fighting Siege of Sadr City
Service years
1999–2009

Tables

· Awards and decorations
1st Row
1st Row
Badge
1st Row
Special Warfare insignia
Silver Star
Special Warfare insignia
Bronze Star Medal w/ Combat V and 3 Gold 5/16 inch stars
Special Warfare insignia
Navy & Marine Corps Achievement Medal w/ Combat V
2nd Row
2nd Row
Badge
2nd Row
Special Warfare insignia
Combat Action Ribbon
Special Warfare insignia
Navy Unit Commendation ribbon w/ 2 Bronze 3/16-inch stars
Special Warfare insignia
Good Conduct Medal w/ 2 Bronze 3/16-inch stars
3rd Row
3rd Row
Badge
3rd Row
Special Warfare insignia
National Defense Service Medal
Special Warfare insignia
Iraq Campaign Medal w/ 3 Bronze 3/16-inch stars
Special Warfare insignia
Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal
4th Row
4th Row
Badge
4th Row
Special Warfare insignia
Global War on Terrorism Service Medal
Special Warfare insignia
Sea Service Deployment Ribbon w/ 3 Bronze 3/16-inch stars
Special Warfare insignia
Navy Expert Rifleman Ribbon w/ Expert device
Badge
Badge
Badge
Badge
Special Warfare insignia
Navy and Marine Corps Parachutist Insignia
Badge
Special Warfare insignia
1st Row
Silver Star
Bronze Star Medal w/ Combat V and 3 Gold 5/16 inch stars
Navy & Marine Corps Achievement Medal w/ Combat V
2nd Row
Combat Action Ribbon
Navy Unit Commendation ribbon w/ 2 Bronze 3/16-inch stars
Good Conduct Medal w/ 2 Bronze 3/16-inch stars
3rd Row
National Defense Service Medal
Iraq Campaign Medal w/ 3 Bronze 3/16-inch stars
Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal
4th Row
Global War on Terrorism Service Medal
Sea Service Deployment Ribbon w/ 3 Bronze 3/16-inch stars
Navy Expert Rifleman Ribbon w/ Expert device
Badge
Navy and Marine Corps Parachutist Insignia

References

  1. The Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/chris-kyle-navy-seal-and-author-of-american-sniper-dies/2013/02/03/f838bcfc-6e22-11e2-ac36-3d8d9dcaa2e2_story.html
  2. Army Times
    https://archive.today/20130722040537/http://www.armytimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2013302120301
  3. New York Post
    http://www.nypost.com/p/news/national/meet_the_big_shot_BxlVpxzQijkC9mwZcmwkrN
  4. Navy Times
    http://www.navytimes.com/story/military/2016/07/08/chris-kyle-dd-214-silver-star-bronze-star-navy/86465044/
  5. Christian Post
    http://www.christianpost.com/news/american-sniper-widow-recalls-heartbreaking-moment-kids-learned-navy-seal-dad-chris-kyle-had-been-killed-132770/
  6. American Gun
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160419103820/https://m.harpercollins.com/9780062242716/american-gun
  7. USA Today
    https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2016/07/08/navy-lowers-medal-count-seal-chris-kyle/86468402/
  8. The Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2015/02/13/first-days-of-american-sniper-murder-trial-leave-questions-unanswered/
  9. Christopher Scott Kyle, Texas, Birth Index, 1903–1997
    https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:V8KW-VP1
  10. Professional Bull Riders
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140131162636/http://www3.pbr.com/en/news/features/other-features/2014/1/pbr-legends-ross-coleman-and-luke-snyder-assisting-with-chris-kyle-memorial-roping-auction.aspx
  11. The Life and Legend of Chris Kyle: American Sniper, Navy SEAL
    https://books.google.com/books?id=h2Op0C9hXA0C&q=chris+kyle+high+school+football&pg=PT13
  12. "Special Operations Forces Profile: Chris Kyle"
    http://www.military.com/special-operations/special-operations-forces-veteran-chris-kyle.html
  13. "2013 Outstanding Young Alumnus Chris Kyle"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200403072655/https://www.tarleton.edu/alumniassociation/about/eventsprograms.html
  14. JINSA
    https://jinsa.org/archive_post/life-and-military-service-of-2005-jinsa-grateful-nation-honoree-depicted-in-american-sniper/#:~:text=In%202005,%20the%20Grateful%20Nation%20Award%20Special,featured%20in%20the%20blockbuster%20movie,%20American%20Sniper.&text=Intelligence%20Specialist%20Second%20Class%20Kyle's%20initiative,%20maturity,,afforded%20by%20the%20JINSA%20Grateful%20Nation%20Award.
  15. www.veterantributes.org
    http://www.veterantributes.org/TributeDetail.php?recordID=2068
  16. American Sniper
  17. "'Chris Kyle, America's deadliest sniper, offered no regrets'"
    https://edition.cnn.com/2013/02/03/us/texas-sniper-killed-kyle-profile/index.html
  18. The Daily Telegraph
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120104025159/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/8990552/The-Devil-of-Rahmadi-named-Americas-deadliest-sniper.html
  19. NBC News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20130902113212/http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/07/30/19679964-confirmed-kills-a-solemn-secret-for-military-snipers-is-becoming-a-pop-culture-hit
  20. American Sniper: The Autobiography of the Most Lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120111232749/http://www.harpercollins.com/books/American-Sniper/?isbn=9780062082350
  21. "Chris Kyle: al-Shaitan of Iraq"
    http://www.thehistoryreader.com/military-history/chris-kyle-al-shaitan-iraq/
  22. Crawford, Jamie. "Navy: 'American Sniper' medal count corrected". CNN.
  23. "American Sniper"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120111232749/http://www.harpercollins.com/books/American-Sniper/?isbn=9780062082350
  24. "Craft International"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160420202348/http://webarchiveproject.org/10904/
  25. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/us/chris-kyle-american-sniper-author-reported-killed.html
  26. Los Angeles Times
    https://www.latimes.com/books/la-xpm-2012-mar-05-la-et-book-20120305-story.html
  27. CNN
    http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/04/justice/texas-sniper-killed/
  28. The Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/religion/heres-the-faith-in-the-american-sniper-you-wont-see-in-the-film/2015/01/14/f7c33bd6-9c0a-11e4-86a3-1b56f64925f6_story.html
  29. The Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2014/07/30/jesse-ventura-vs-chris-kyle-a-case-where-no-one-won/
  30. Men's Journal Magazine
    http://www.mensjournal.com/adventure/collection/the-controversial-true-story-behind-american-sniper-20141222#ixzz3OpQ9DrL4
  31. "Fitco Cares"
    http://www.fitcocares.org/
  32. "Stars Earn Stripes Bio for Chris Kyle"
    http://www.nbc.com/stars-earn-stripes/about/bios/chris-kyle
  33. Slate.com
    http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2015/01/american_sniper_lawsuit_chris_kyle_told_lies_about_jesse_ventura.html
  34. American Sniper
  35. The Opie & Anthony Show. Sirius XM. January 4, 2012. Satellite Radio.
  36. Star Tribune
    http://www.startribune.com/local/140362163.html
  37. The New Yorker
    https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/ventura-verdict
  38. The Washington Times
    http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/jun/2/ex-minn-gov-jesse-ventura-sues-navy-seal-chris-kyl
  39. Jesse Ventura v. Chris Kyle
    https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/1268004/jesse-ventura-order.pdf
  40. The Dallas Morning News
    http://www.dallasnews.com/news/local-news/20140729-breaking-jury-awards-jesse-ventura-1.8-million-in-american-sniper-lawsuit.ece
  41. The Oregonian
    http://www.oregonlive.com/lake-oswego/index.ssf/2014/07/chris_kyle_trial_jurors_warn_t.html
  42. "'American Sniper' widow to appeal Ventura defamation verdict"
    http://www.mprnews.org/story/2014/12/23/american-sniper-appeal
  43. Fox News Insider
    http://insider.foxnews.com/2015/10/20/jesse-ventura-estate-american-sniper-chris-kyle-back-court-appeal
  44. The Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2016/06/13/court-throws-out-1-8-million-judgment-against-american-sniper-chris-kyles-estate/
  45. Ventura v. Kyle
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=11931819378874259011
  46. "Ventura v. Kyle"
    http://media.ca8.uscourts.gov/opndir/16/06/143876P.pdf
  47. Fox News
    http://insider.foxnews.com/2017/12/05/jesse-ventura-slams-american-liar-chris-kyle-after-settling-lawsuit
  48. New questions cast doubt on 'American Sniper' Chris Kyle's combat record Navy Times. 25 May 2016.
    https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221119/https://www.navytimes.com/news/your-navy/2016/05/25/new-questions-cast-doubt-on-american-sniper-chris-kyle-s-combat-record/
  49. The New Yorker
    https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/06/03/in-the-crosshairs
  50. De Berry, Jarvis "The 'American Sniper's' preposterous post-Katrina New Orleans story The Picawney Times January 20, 201
    https://www.nola.com/entertainment_life/article_2057a37f-1fd0-505e-ab2b-1e9ebfeee7be.html
  51. The complicated but unveriable legacy of Chris Kyle the deadliest sniper in American history" Archived May 11, 2020, at
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/07/30/the-complicated-but-unveriable-legacy-of-chris-kyle-the-deadliest-sniper-in-american-history/
  52. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/may/26/american-sniper-hero-chris-kyle-medal-tally
  53. D Magazine
    https://www.dmagazine.com/frontburner/2013/02/confirmed-american-sniper-chris-kyle-killed-two-men-at-a-gas-station-in-2009/
  54. Star-Telegram
    https://web.archive.org/web/20130211003511/http://blogs.star-telegram.com/crime_time/2013/02/did-slain-american-sniper-fatally-shoot-two-armed-robbers-in-2009.html
  55. Time
    https://time.com/4399922/american-sniper-chris-kyle-medal-investigation/
  56. Phillips, Dave. "American Sniper Claim on Combat Medals is Disputed" Archived November 8, 2020, at the Wayback Machine N
    https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/27/us/american-sniper-claim-on-combat-medals-is-disputed.html
  57. After investigation, Navy lowers 'American Sniper' Chris Kyle's medal count Fort Worth Business Press via Washington Pos
    https://fortworthbusiness.com/goverment/after-investigation-navy-lowers-american-sniper-chris-kyles-medal-count/
  58. Tom Vanden Brook, and Josh Hafner "Chris Kyle American Sniper Navy-medals" USA Today, May 26, 2016.
    https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2016/05/25/chris-kyle-american-sniper-navy-medals/84932154/
  59. "Noted sniper slain at Erath County gun range"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150402120916/http://www.fox4news.com/story/20944143/decorated-war-hero-shot-and-killed-in-erath-county
  60. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/us/chris-kyle-american-sniper-author-reported-killed.html
  61. "Man charged in fatal shooting of ex-SEAL/author"
    https://news.yahoo.com/man-charged-fatal-shooting-ex-seal-author-150201265.html
  62. ABC News
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pbjS6PuQbG4
  63. The Enemy Within: The Inside Story of Eddie Routh, the Man Accused of Killing Legendary "American Sniper" Chris Kyle
  64. Your Stephen Ville
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150108181540/http://www.yourstephenvilletx.com/news/local/article_01e35c44-6dab-11e2-a2e9-0019bb2963f4.html
  65. USA Today
    https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/02/03/chris-kyle-navy-seal-dead/1887327
  66. Local News
    http://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/Chris-Kyle-Murder-Trial-Delayed-257713261.html
  67. USA TODAY
    https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2015/02/11/trial-chris-kyle-american-sniper-first-day/23197935/
  68. "Jury Returns Guilty Verdict in 'American Sniper' Trial"
    http://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/Closing-Arguments-Begin-in-Eddie-Ray-Routh-Murder-Trial-293918521.html
  69. "Jury finds Eddie Ray Routh guilty in 'American Sniper' case"
    http://www.cnn.com/2015/02/24/us/american-sniper-chris-kyle-trial/
  70. US Weekly
    http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/eddie-ray-routh-found-guilty-in-death-of-american-snipers-chris-kyle-2015252
  71. Texas Department of Criminal Justice
    https://web.archive.org/web/20151227190257/http://offender.tdcj.texas.gov/OffenderSearch/offenderDetail.action?sid=08977806
  72. "Chris Kyle Funeral Procession Arrives in Austin. NBC 5 Dallas-Fort Worth"
    http://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/Thousands-Expected-for-Kyle-Procession-Tuesday-190770121.html
  73. The Scoop Blog
    https://web.archive.org/web/20141225002310/http://thescoopblog.dallasnews.com/2013/02/details-announed-for-navy-seal-chris-kyles-memorial-service-at-cowboys-stadium.html/
  74. "Residents Line I-35 to Pay Respects to Slain Navy SEAL"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20141224233627/http://www.kwtx.com/ourtown/communities/temple/headlines/Funeral-Procession-For-Slain-SEAL-Sniper-Will-Pass-Through-Central-Texas-190594921.html
  75. Defense Video & Imagery Distribution System
    http://www.dvidshub.net/news/113722/perry-signs-chris-kyle-bill-allows-military-experience-texas-state-licenses
  76. USA Today
    https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/03/17/chris-kyle-statue/1995555/
  77. The Washington Times
    http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/nov/10/to-seals-sculptor-spirits-of-heroes-are-still-aliv/?page=all
  78. wfaa.com
    https://www.wfaa.com/article/news/local/dallas-county/chris-kyle-expressway-another-name-proposed-for-central/287-306190813
  79. NBC 5 Dallas-Fort Worth
    https://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/north-texans-petition-to-name-road-after-sniper-chris-kyle/186083/
  80. LegiScan
    https://legiscan.com/TX/bill/HB1187/2015
  81. Oh So Cynthia
    https://www.ohsocynthia.com/2016/02/texas-highway-honors-american-sniper-chris-kyle.html
  82. Los Angeles Times
    https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-on-location-american-sniper-20140423-story.html
  83. Deadline
    https://deadline.com/2015/01/oscar-nominations-2015-full-list-academy-award-nominees-1201350619/
  84. The Washington Times
    http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/feb/23/american-sniper-wins-academy-award-for-sound-editi/
  85. The Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2015/01/31/texas-governor-declares-feb-2-chris-kyle-day/
  86. U.S. News & World Report
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160110083955/http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2015/01/30/greg-abbott-declares-feb-2-chris-kyle-day
  87. The Washington Times
    http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/jan/30/greg-abbott-declares-chris-kyle-day-in-texas/
  88. special-ops.org
    https://special-ops.org/chris-kyle-us-most-lethal-sniper/
  89. UPI.com
    https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2016/07/11/American-Sniper-Kyle-received-2-fewer-medals-than-claimed-US-Navy-says/5121468265595/
  90. Navy Times
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160803153611/http://ec.militarytimes.com/static/pdfs/Kyle_dd-214_new.pdf
  91. militarytimes.com
    https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/307606
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