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Champagne

Updated: Wikipedia source

Champagne

Champagne (; French: [ʃɑ̃paɲ] ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, which demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, specific grape-pressing methods and secondary fermentation of the wine in the bottle to cause carbonation.

The grapes Pinot noir, Pinot meunier, and Chardonnay are used to produce almost all Champagne, but small amounts of Pinot blanc, Pinot gris (called Fromenteau in Champagne), Arbane, and Petit Meslier are vinified as well. Champagne became associated with royalty in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. The leading manufacturers made efforts to associate their Champagnes with nobility and royalty through advertising and packaging, which led to its popularity among the emerging middle class.

Tables

· Producers
Henri Abelé
Henri Abelé
House
Henri Abelé
Founding Year
1757
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Sourire de Reims
Vintage
Company
Freixenet Spain
Alfred Gratien
Alfred Gratien
House
Alfred Gratien
Founding Year
1864
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée Paradis
Vintage
yes
Company
Henkell & Co. Sektkellerei KG
AR Lenoble
AR Lenoble
House
AR Lenoble
Founding Year
1920
Location
Damery
Cuvée de prestige
Les Aventures
Vintage
-
Company
Family owned
Ayala
Ayala
House
Ayala
Founding Year
1860
Location
Aÿ
Cuvée de prestige
Grande Cuvée
Vintage
yes
Company
Bollinger
Bauget-Jouette
Bauget-Jouette
House
Bauget-Jouette
Founding Year
1822
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée Jouette/
Vintage
no
Company
Family owned
Beaumet/Jeanmaire
Beaumet/Jeanmaire
House
Beaumet/Jeanmaire
Founding Year
1878
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée Malakoff/Cuvée Elysée
Vintage
yes
Company
Laurent-Perrier
Beaumont des Crayères
Beaumont des Crayères
House
Beaumont des Crayères
Founding Year
1953
Location
Mardeuil
Cuvée de prestige
Nostalgie
Vintage
dependent
Company
cooperative with ≈240 affiliated producers
Besserat de Bellefon
Besserat de Bellefon
House
Besserat de Bellefon
Founding Year
1843
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée des Moines
Vintage
Company
Groupe Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Billecart-Salmon
Billecart-Salmon
House
Billecart-Salmon
Founding Year
1818
Location
Mareuil-sur-Ay
Cuvée de prestige
Grande Cuvée
Vintage
yes
Company
independent
Binet
Binet
House
Binet
Founding Year
1849
Location
Rilly-la-Montagne
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée Sélection
Vintage
yes
Company
Groupe Binet, Prin et Collery
Château de Bligny
Château de Bligny
House
Château de Bligny
Founding Year
1911
Location
Bligny (Aube)
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée année 2000
Vintage
yes
Company
Groupe G. H. Martel & Co.
Claude-&-Belmont Archived 21 January 2025 at the Wayback Machine
Claude-&-Belmont Archived 21 January 2025 at the Wayback Machine
House
Claude-&-Belmont Archived 21 January 2025 at the Wayback Machine
Founding Year
1918
Location
Vertus
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée année 2008
Vintage
yes
Company
par CP Récoltant-manipulant
Henri Blin et Cie
Henri Blin et Cie
House
Henri Blin et Cie
Founding Year
1947
Location
Vincelles
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée Jahr 2000
Vintage
yes
Company
cooperative with ≈34 affiliated producers
Bollinger
Bollinger
House
Bollinger
Founding Year
1829
Location
Aÿ
Cuvée de prestige
Vieilles Vignes Françaises
Vintage
yes
Company
independent
La Grande Année, (R. D. – Récemment Dégorgé, this is the denomination for "Œnothèque" by Bollinger, meaning the crowning achievement of the Grande Année)
La Grande Année, (R. D. – Récemment Dégorgé, this is the denomination for "Œnothèque" by Bollinger, meaning the crowning achievement of the Grande Année)
House
La Grande Année, (R. D. – Récemment Dégorgé, this is the denomination for "Œnothèque" by Bollinger, meaning the crowning achievement of the Grande Année)
Founding Year
yes
Boizel
Boizel
House
Boizel
Founding Year
1834
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Joyau de France
Vintage
yes
Company
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Ferdinand Bonnet
Ferdinand Bonnet
House
Ferdinand Bonnet
Founding Year
1922
Location
Oger
Cuvée de prestige
Vintage
Company
EPI
Raymond Boulard
Raymond Boulard
House
Raymond Boulard
Founding Year
1952
Location
La-Neuville-aux-Larris
Cuvée de prestige
Vieilles Vignes
Vintage
Company
independent
Canard-Duchêne
Canard-Duchêne
House
Canard-Duchêne
Founding Year
1868
Location
Ludes
Cuvée de prestige
Grande Cuvée Charles VII
Vintage
Company
Alain Thiénot
De Castellane
De Castellane
House
De Castellane
Founding Year
1895
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Commodore
Vintage
yes
Company
Laurent-Perrier
Cattier
Cattier
House
Cattier
Founding Year
1918
Location
Chigny-les-Roses
Cuvée de prestige
Clos du Moulin/Armand de Brignac
Vintage
Company
independent
Charles de Cazanove
Charles de Cazanove
House
Charles de Cazanove
Founding Year
1811
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Stradivarius
Vintage
Company
Groupe Rapeneau
Chanoine Frères
Chanoine Frères
House
Chanoine Frères
Founding Year
1730
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
gamme Tsarine
Vintage
vintage dependent
Company
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Cheurlin
Cheurlin
House
Cheurlin
Founding Year
1788
Location
Celles-sur-Ource
Cuvée de prestige
Brut SpécialeRosé de Saignée
Vintage
-
Company
Independent
Cheurlin Thomas
Cheurlin Thomas
House
Cheurlin Thomas
Founding Year
1788
Location
Celles-sur-Ource
Cuvée de prestige
Blanc de Blanc – CélébritéBlanc de Noir – Le Champion
Vintage
-
Company
Independent
Deutz
Deutz
House
Deutz
Founding Year
1838
Location
Aÿ
Cuvée de prestige
Amour de Deutz, Cuvée William Deutz
Vintage
yes
Company
Louis Rœderer
Drappier
Drappier
House
Drappier
Founding Year
1808
Location
Urville
Cuvée de prestige
Grande Sendrée
Vintage
yes
Company
family owned Don perion
Duval-Leroy
Duval-Leroy
House
Duval-Leroy
Founding Year
1859
Location
Vertus
Cuvée de prestige
Femme de Champagne
Vintage
vintage dependent
Company
independent
Gauthier
Gauthier
House
Gauthier
Founding Year
1858
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Grande Réserve Brut
Vintage
Company
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Paul Goerg
Paul Goerg
House
Paul Goerg
Founding Year
1950
Location
Vertus
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée Lady C.
Vintage
yes
Company
Gosset
Gosset
House
Gosset
Founding Year
1584
Location
Aÿ
Cuvée de prestige
Celebris
Vintage
yes
Company
Renaud Cointreau
Heidsieck & Co. Monopole
Heidsieck & Co. Monopole
House
Heidsieck & Co. Monopole
Founding Year
1785
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Diamant Bleu
Vintage
yes
Company
Vranken-Pommery Monopole
Charles Heidsieck
Charles Heidsieck
House
Charles Heidsieck
Founding Year
1851
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Blanc des Millénaires
Vintage
yes
Company
EPI
Henriot
Henriot
House
Henriot
Founding Year
1808
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée des Enchanteleurs
Vintage
yes
Company
independent
Krug
Krug
House
Krug
Founding Year
1843
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Name defined annually
Vintage
yes
Company
LVMH
Clos du Mesnil, Clos d'Ambonnay
Clos du Mesnil, Clos d'Ambonnay
House
Clos du Mesnil, Clos d'Ambonnay
Founding Year
vintage dependent
Charles Lafitte
Charles Lafitte
House
Charles Lafitte
Founding Year
1848
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Orgueil de France
Vintage
vintage dependent
Company
Vranken-Pommery Monopole
Lanson Père & Fils
Lanson Père & Fils
House
Lanson Père & Fils
Founding Year
1760
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Noble Cuvée
Vintage
yes
Company
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Larmandier-Bernier
Larmandier-Bernier
House
Larmandier-Bernier
Founding Year
1956
Location
Vertus
Cuvée de prestige
Vieille Vigne de Cramant
Vintage
yes
Company
family owned
Laurent-Perrier
Laurent-Perrier
House
Laurent-Perrier
Founding Year
1812
Location
Tours-sur-Marne
Cuvée de prestige
Grand Siècle "La Cuvée"
Vintage
Company
Laurent-Perrier
Mercier
Mercier
House
Mercier
Founding Year
1858
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Vendange
Vintage
yes
Company
LVMH
Moët & Chandon
Moët & Chandon
House
Moët & Chandon
Founding Year
1743
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Dom Pérignon
Vintage
yes
Company
LVMH
G. H. Mumm
G. H. Mumm
House
G. H. Mumm
Founding Year
1827
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Mumm de Cramant
Vintage
Company
Pernod-Ricard
Naveau
Naveau
House
Naveau
Founding Year
1988
Location
Bergères-les-Vertus
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée Rhapsodie
Vintage
yes
Company
Family-owned
Bruno Paillard
Bruno Paillard
House
Bruno Paillard
Founding Year
1981
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
N. P. U. (Nec Plus Ultra)
Vintage
yes
Company
independent
Perrier-Jouët
Perrier-Jouët
House
Perrier-Jouët
Founding Year
1811
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Belle Époque
Vintage
yes
Company
Pernod-Ricard
Philipponnat
Philipponnat
House
Philipponnat
Founding Year
1910
Location
Mareuil-sur-Ay
Cuvée de prestige
Clos des Goisses
Vintage
vintage dependent
Company
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Piper-Heidsieck
Piper-Heidsieck
House
Piper-Heidsieck
Founding Year
1785
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Rare
Vintage
Company
EPI
Pommery
Pommery
House
Pommery
Founding Year
1836
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée Louise
Vintage
yes
Company
Vranken-Pommery Monopole
Robert Moncuit
Robert Moncuit
House
Robert Moncuit
Founding Year
1889
Location
Le Mesnil-sur-Oger
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée réservée brut, Cuvée réservée extra brut, Grande Cuvée Grand Cru Blanc de Blancs
Vintage
no
Company
independent
Louis Rœderer
Louis Rœderer
House
Louis Rœderer
Founding Year
1776
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Cristal
Vintage
yes
Company
independent
Pol Roger
Pol Roger
House
Pol Roger
Founding Year
1849
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Winston Churchill
Vintage
yes
Company
independent
Ruinart
Ruinart
House
Ruinart
Founding Year
1729oldest still activeproducer
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Dom Ruinart
Vintage
yes
Company
LVMH
Salon
Salon
House
Salon
Founding Year
1921
Location
Le Mesnil-sur-Oger
Cuvée de prestige
S
Vintage
yes
Company
Laurent-Perrier
Marie Stuart
Marie Stuart
House
Marie Stuart
Founding Year
1867
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Cuvée de la Sommelière
Vintage
Company
Alain Thiénot
Brut Millésimé
Brut Millésimé
House
Brut Millésimé
Founding Year
yes
Chartogne Taillet
Chartogne Taillet
House
Chartogne Taillet
Founding Year
1515
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Fiacre
Vintage
yes
Company
independent
Taittinger
Taittinger
House
Taittinger
Founding Year
1734
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Comtes de Champagne
Vintage
yes
Company
Taittinger
Thiénot
Thiénot
House
Thiénot
Founding Year
1985
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
Grande Cuvée
Vintage
yes
Company
Alain Thiénot
Cuvée Stanislas
Cuvée Stanislas
House
Cuvée Stanislas
Founding Year
de Venoge
de Venoge
House
de Venoge
Founding Year
1837
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Grand Vin des Princes
Vintage
yes
Company
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin
Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin
House
Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin
Founding Year
1772
Location
Reims
Cuvée de prestige
La Grande Dame
Vintage
yes
Company
LVMH
Vranken
Vranken
House
Vranken
Founding Year
1979
Location
Épernay
Cuvée de prestige
Demoiselle followed by vintage dependent names
Vintage
vintage dependent
Company
Vranken-Pommery Monopole
House
Founding Year
Location
Cuvée de prestige
Vintage
Company
Henri Abelé
1757
Reims
Sourire de Reims
Freixenet Spain
Alfred Gratien
1864
Épernay
Cuvée Paradis
yes
Henkell & Co. Sektkellerei KG
AR Lenoble
1920
Damery
Les Aventures
-
Family owned
Ayala
1860
Aÿ
Grande Cuvée
yes
Bollinger
Bauget-Jouette
1822
Épernay
Cuvée Jouette/
no
Family owned
Beaumet/Jeanmaire
1878
Épernay
Cuvée Malakoff/Cuvée Elysée
yes
Laurent-Perrier
Beaumont des Crayères
1953
Mardeuil
Nostalgie
dependent
cooperative with ≈240 affiliated producers
Besserat de Bellefon
1843
Épernay
Cuvée des Moines
Groupe Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Billecart-Salmon
1818
Mareuil-sur-Ay
Grande Cuvée
yes
independent
Binet
1849
Rilly-la-Montagne
Cuvée Sélection
yes
Groupe Binet, Prin et Collery
Château de Bligny
1911
Bligny (Aube)
Cuvée année 2000
yes
Groupe G. H. Martel & Co.
Claude-&-Belmont Archived 21 January 2025 at the Wayback Machine
1918
Vertus
Cuvée année 2008
yes
par CP Récoltant-manipulant
Henri Blin et Cie
1947
Vincelles
Cuvée Jahr 2000
yes
cooperative with ≈34 affiliated producers
Bollinger
1829
Aÿ
Vieilles Vignes Françaises
yes
independent
La Grande Année, (R. D. – Récemment Dégorgé, this is the denomination for "Œnothèque" by Bollinger, meaning the crowning achievement of the Grande Année)
yes
Boizel
1834
Épernay
Joyau de France
yes
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Ferdinand Bonnet
1922
Oger
EPI
Raymond Boulard
1952
La-Neuville-aux-Larris
Vieilles Vignes
independent
Canard-Duchêne
1868
Ludes
Grande Cuvée Charles VII
Alain Thiénot
De Castellane
1895
Épernay
Commodore
yes
Laurent-Perrier
Cattier
1918
Chigny-les-Roses
Clos du Moulin/Armand de Brignac
independent
Charles de Cazanove
1811
Reims
Stradivarius
Groupe Rapeneau
Chanoine Frères
1730
Reims
gamme Tsarine
vintage dependent
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Cheurlin
1788
Celles-sur-Ource
Brut SpécialeRosé de Saignée
-
Independent
Cheurlin Thomas
1788
Celles-sur-Ource
Blanc de Blanc – CélébritéBlanc de Noir – Le Champion
-
Independent
Deutz
1838
Aÿ
Amour de Deutz, Cuvée William Deutz
yes
Louis Rœderer
Drappier
1808
Urville
Grande Sendrée
yes
family owned Don perion
Duval-Leroy
1859
Vertus
Femme de Champagne
vintage dependent
independent
Gauthier
1858
Épernay
Grande Réserve Brut
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Paul Goerg
1950
Vertus
Cuvée Lady C.
yes
Gosset
1584
Aÿ
Celebris
yes
Renaud Cointreau
Heidsieck & Co. Monopole
1785
Épernay
Diamant Bleu
yes
Vranken-Pommery Monopole
Charles Heidsieck
1851
Reims
Blanc des Millénaires
yes
EPI
Henriot
1808
Reims
Cuvée des Enchanteleurs
yes
independent
Krug
1843
Reims
Name defined annually
yes
LVMH
Clos du Mesnil, Clos d'Ambonnay
vintage dependent
Charles Lafitte
1848
Épernay
Orgueil de France
vintage dependent
Vranken-Pommery Monopole
Lanson Père & Fils
1760
Reims
Noble Cuvée
yes
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Larmandier-Bernier
1956
Vertus
Vieille Vigne de Cramant
yes
family owned
Laurent-Perrier
1812
Tours-sur-Marne
Grand Siècle "La Cuvée"
Laurent-Perrier
Mercier
1858
Épernay
Vendange
yes
LVMH
Moët & Chandon
1743
Épernay
Dom Pérignon
yes
LVMH
G. H. Mumm
1827
Reims
Mumm de Cramant
Pernod-Ricard
Naveau
1988
Bergères-les-Vertus
Cuvée Rhapsodie
yes
Family-owned
Bruno Paillard
1981
Reims
N. P. U. (Nec Plus Ultra)
yes
independent
Perrier-Jouët
1811
Épernay
Belle Époque
yes
Pernod-Ricard
Philipponnat
1910
Mareuil-sur-Ay
Clos des Goisses
vintage dependent
Boizel Chanoine Champagne
Piper-Heidsieck
1785
Reims
Rare
EPI
Pommery
1836
Reims
Cuvée Louise
yes
Vranken-Pommery Monopole
Champagne shipments[81] · Shipments
Total
Total
Destination
Total
Volume(bottle)
325.5 million
Value(EUR)
6.8 Billion
France
France
Destination
France
Volume(bottle)
42.5%
Value(EUR)
34%
Exports
Exports
Destination
Exports
Volume(bottle)
57.5%
Value(EUR)
66%
Destination
Volume(bottle)
Value(EUR)
Total
million
Billion
France
42.5%
34%
Exports
57.5%
66%
Top ten external markets[81] · Shipments
1
1
No.
1
Country
United States
Volume(million bottles)
34.1
Value(million EUR)
793.5
2
2
No.
2
Country
United Kingdom
Volume(million bottles)
29.9
Value(million EUR)
503.6
3
3
No.
3
Country
Japan
Volume(million bottles)
13.8
Value(million EUR)
354.5
4
4
No.
4
Country
Germany
Volume(million bottles)
11.1
Value(million EUR)
201.9
5
5
No.
5
Country
Belgium
Volume(million bottles)
10.3
Value(million EUR)
200.1
6
6
No.
6
Country
Australia
Volume(million bottles)
9.9
Value(million EUR)
166.9
7
7
No.
7
Country
Italy
Volume(million bottles)
9.2
Value(million EUR)
159.9
8
8
No.
8
Country
Switzerland
Volume(million bottles)
6.1
Value(million EUR)
125.6
9
9
No.
9
Country
Spain
Volume(million bottles)
4.4
Value(million EUR)
94.0
10
10
No.
10
Country
Netherlands
Volume(million bottles)
3.9
Value(million EUR)
79.7
No.
Country
Volume(million bottles)
Value(million EUR)
1
United States
34.1
793.5
2
United Kingdom
29.9
503.6
3
Japan
13.8
354.5
4
Germany
11.1
201.9
5
Belgium
10.3
200.1
6
Australia
9.9
166.9
7
Italy
9.2
159.9
8
Switzerland
6.1
125.6
9
Spain
4.4
94.0
10
Netherlands
3.9
79.7

References

  1. The Oxford Companion to Wine
    https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00janc/page/150
  2. Kentucky Courier-Journal
  3. Coates, Clive. An Encyclopedia of the Wines and Domaines of France. University of California Press, 2000. pp. 539–40.
  4. Vintage: The Story of Wine
    https://archive.org/details/vintagestoryofwi00john/page/210
  5. Christopher Merret Biographical Information. Royal Society website
  6. Uncorked: The Science of Champagne
  7. Sotheby's Wine Encyclopaedia
  8. The Herald
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140610165239/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-23670868.html
  9. Hudibras. The first (second, third) part [by S. Butler]. Corrected and amended, with several additions and annotations
    https://books.google.com/books?id=h8YIAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA29
  10. "Muselet"
    http://www.champagne-dumangin.com/uk/finition/muselet.html
  11. "Jaquesson"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20121013031847/http://www.cuveesclassiques.co.za/brands/jacquesson
  12. A Short History of Wine
    https://archive.org/details/shorthistoryofwi0000phil/page/241
  13. The Champagne Guide 2014–2015
  14. A Short History of Wine
    https://archive.org/details/shorthistoryofwi0000phil/page/242
  15. The Wall Street Journal
  16. France 3 Grand Est
    https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/grand-est/pourquoi-champagne-va-subir-son-plus-grand-bouleversement-1927-1621387.html
  17. "Champagne region expansion uncorks grapes of wrath"
    https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/champagne-region-expansion-uncorks-grapes-of-wrath-k5f6p8x9x
  18. Marketplace
    https://web.archive.org/web/20141006104905/http://www.marketplace.org/topics/life/australia-corks-its-use-champagne
  19. 26 U.S.C. § 5388
    https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/26/5388
  20. "United States Champagne Bureau Champagne in United States Champagne America"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20050403162700/http://www.champagne.us/
  21. Oregon State Law 471, including 471.030, 471.730 (1) & (5)
  22. SMW Winzersekt GmbH v Land Rheinland-Pfalz
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