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Cambodia

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Cambodia

Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Mainland Southeast Asia. It is bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east, and has a coastline along the Gulf of Thailand in the southwest. It spans an area of 181,035 square kilometres (69,898 square miles), dominated by a low-lying plain and the confluence of the Mekong river and Tonlé Sap, Southeast Asia's largest lake. It is dominated by a tropical climate. Cambodia has a population of about 17 million people, the majority of which are ethnically Khmer. Its capital and most populous city is Phnom Penh, followed by Siem Reap and Battambang. In 802 AD, Jayavarman II declared himself king, uniting the warring Khmer princes of Chenla under the name "Kambuja". This marked the beginning of the Khmer Empire. The Indianised kingdom facilitated the spread of first Hinduism and then Buddhism to Southeast Asia and undertook religious infrastructural projects throughout the region, the most famous of which is Angkor Wat. In the 15th century, it began a decline in power until, in 1863, Cambodia became a French protectorate. Following Japanese occupation during World War II, Cambodia declared independence from France in 1953. The Vietnam War embroiled the country in civil war during the 1960s, culminating in a 1970 coup which installed the US-aligned Khmer Republic and the takeover of the communist Khmer Rouge in 1975. The Khmer Rouge ruled the country and carried out the Cambodian genocide from 1975 until 1979, until they were ousted during the Cambodian–Vietnamese War. Peace was restored by the 1991 Paris Peace Accords and subsequent United Nations peacekeeping mission, establishing a new constitution, holding the 1993 general election, and ending long-term insurgencies. The 1997 coup d'état consolidated power under Prime Minister Hun Sen and the Cambodian People's Party (CPP). Cambodia is a constitutional monarchy and a de jure multi-party state, although the CPP dominates the political system and rules the country as de facto one-party state. The UN designates Cambodia a least developed country. Agriculture remains its dominant economic sector, with growth in textiles, construction, garments, and tourism leading to increased foreign investment and international trade. Corruption, human rights issues and deforestation have remained challenges in Cambodia's post-conflict development. The official and most widely spoken language is Khmer, and the most widely practiced religion is Buddhism. The country's culture and traditions are shaped by its Angkorean heritage and international influences over its history.

Infobox

Capitaland largest city
mw- 11°34′10″N 104°55′16″E / 11.56944°N 104.92111°E / 11.56944; 104.92111
Official languages
Khmer
Official script
Khmer
Ethnic groups (2019/20)
95.4% Khmer2.4% Cham1.5% Chinese0.8% others
Religion (2019)
97.1% Buddhism (official)2.0% Islam0.3% Christianity0.5% others
Demonym
Cambodian
Government
Unitary parliamentary constitutional elective monarchy under a hereditary dictatorship
• Monarch
Norodom Sihamoni
• Prime Minister
Hun Manet
• President of the Senate
Hun Sen
• President of the National Assembly
Khuon Sodary
Legislature
Parliament
• Upper house
Senate
• Lower house
National Assembly
• Funan
68–550
• Chenla
550–802
• Khmer Empire
802–1431
• Middle period
1431–1863
• French protectorate
11 August 1863
• Independence from France
9 November 1953
• Khmer Republic
9 October 1970
• Democratic Kampuchea
5 January 1976
• People's Republic of Kampuchea
8 January 1979
• State of Cambodia
30 April 1989
• United Nations Administered Cambodia
28 February 1992
• Monarchy restored
24 September 1993
• Total
$49.800 billion (93rd)
• Water (%)
2.5
• 2024 estimate
17,638,801 (71st)
• Density
94.4/km2 (244.5/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)
2025 estimate
• Per capita
$2,870 (140th)
GDP (nominal)
2025 estimate
Gini (2024)
23.6 } }low inequality
HDI (2023)
0.606medium (151st)
Currency
Riel (៛) (KHR; de jure and de facto)United States dollar ($) (USD; de facto)
Time zone
UTC 07:00 (ICT)
Calling code
855
ISO 3166 code
KH
Internet TLD
kh

Tables

1
1
Number
1
Province
Banteay Meanchey
Capital
Serei Saophoan
Area (km2)
6,679
Population(2019)
861,883
2
2
Number
2
Province
Battambang
Capital
Battambang
Area (km2)
11,702
Population(2019)
997,169
3
3
Number
3
Province
Kampong Cham
Capital
Kampong Cham
Area (km2)
4,549
Population(2019)
899,791
4
4
Number
4
Province
Kampong Chhnang
Capital
Kampong Chhnang
Area (km2)
5,521
Population(2019)
527,027
5
5
Number
5
Province
Kampong Speu
Capital
Chbar Mon
Area (km2)
7,017
Population(2019)
877,523
6
6
Number
6
Province
Kampong Thom
Capital
Stung Saen
Area (km2)
13,814
Population(2019)
681,549
7
7
Number
7
Province
Kampot
Capital
Kampot
Area (km2)
4,873
Population(2019)
593,829
8
8
Number
8
Province
Kandal
Capital
Ta Khmau
Area (km2)
3,179
Population(2019)
1,201,581
9
9
Number
9
Province
Kep
Capital
Kep
Area (km2)
336
Population(2019)
42,665
10
10
Number
10
Province
Koh Kong
Capital
Khemarak Phoumin
Area (km2)
10,090
Population(2019)
125,902
11
11
Number
11
Province
Kratié
Capital
Kratié
Area (km2)
11,094
Population(2019)
374,755
12
12
Number
12
Province
Mondulkiri
Capital
Senmonorom
Area (km2)
14,288
Population(2019)
92,213
13
13
Number
13
Province
Oddar Meanchey
Capital
Samraong
Area (km2)
6,158
Population(2019)
276,038
14
14
Number
14
Province
Pailin
Capital
Pailin
Area (km2)
803
Population(2019)
75,112
15
15
Number
15
Province
Phnom Penh
Capital
Phnom Penh
Area (km2)
679
Population(2019)
2,281,951
16
16
Number
16
Province
Preah Sihanouk
Capital
Preah Sihanouk
Area (km2)
1,938
Population(2019)
310,072
17
17
Number
17
Province
Preah Vihear
Capital
Preah Vihear
Area (km2)
13,788
Population(2019)
254,827
18
18
Number
18
Province
Pursat
Capital
Pursat
Area (km2)
12,692
Population(2019)
419,952
19
19
Number
19
Province
Prey Veng
Capital
Prey Veng
Area (km2)
4,883
Population(2019)
1,057,720
20
20
Number
20
Province
Ratanakiri
Capital
Banlung
Area (km2)
10,782
Population(2019)
217,453
21
21
Number
21
Province
Siem Reap
Capital
Siem Reap
Area (km2)
10,299
Population(2019)
1,014,234
22
22
Number
22
Province
Stung Treng
Capital
Stung Treng
Area (km2)
11,092
Population(2019)
165,713
23
23
Number
23
Province
Svay Rieng
Capital
Svay Rieng
Area (km2)
2,966
Population(2019)
525,497
24
24
Number
24
Province
Takéo
Capital
Doun Kaev
Area (km2)
3,563
Population(2019)
900,914
25
25
Number
25
Province
Tboung Khmom
Capital
Suong
Area (km2)
5,250
Population(2019)
776,841
Number
Province
Capital
Area (km2)
Population(2019)
1
Banteay Meanchey
Serei Saophoan
6,679
861,883
2
Battambang
Battambang
11,702
997,169
3
Kampong Cham
Kampong Cham
4,549
899,791
4
Kampong Chhnang
Kampong Chhnang
5,521
527,027
5
Kampong Speu
Chbar Mon
7,017
877,523
6
Kampong Thom
Stung Saen
13,814
681,549
7
Kampot
Kampot
4,873
593,829
8
Kandal
Ta Khmau
3,179
1,201,581
9
Kep
Kep
336
42,665
10
Koh Kong
Khemarak Phoumin
10,090
125,902
11
Kratié
Kratié
11,094
374,755
12
Mondulkiri
Senmonorom
14,288
92,213
13
Oddar Meanchey
Samraong
6,158
276,038
14
Pailin
Pailin
803
75,112
15
Phnom Penh
Phnom Penh
679
2,281,951
16
Preah Sihanouk
Preah Sihanouk
1,938
310,072
17
Preah Vihear
Preah Vihear
13,788
254,827
18
Pursat
Pursat
12,692
419,952
19
Prey Veng
Prey Veng
4,883
1,057,720
20
Ratanakiri
Banlung
10,782
217,453
21
Siem Reap
Siem Reap
10,299
1,014,234
22
Stung Treng
Stung Treng
11,092
165,713
23
Svay Rieng
Svay Rieng
2,966
525,497
24
Takéo
Doun Kaev
3,563
900,914
25
Tboung Khmom
Suong
5,250
776,841

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    http://www.phnompenhpost.com/siem-reap-insider/sombai-rice-wine-purveyors-open-new-showroom
  268. "UNESCO Culture Sector – Intangible Heritage – 2003 Convention"
    http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?RL=00060
  269. Asian Theatre Journal
    https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1124400
  270. Khmer Folk Dance
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090920064320/http://www.reninc.org/BOOKSHELF/Khmer_Folk_Dance_Sam.pdf
  271. "Cambodian History"
    https://www.umbc.edu/eol/cambodia/histcmus.htm
  272. Killing Fields
  273. National Geographic World Music
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120818104047/http://worldmusic.nationalgeographic.com/view/page.basic/country/content.country/cambodia_527
  274. The Phnom Penh Post
    http://www.phnompenhpost.com/7days/show-must-go-tour
  275. The Phnom Penh Post
    http://www.phnompenhpost.com/7days/7-questions-shannon-kennedy
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