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Brazil nut

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Brazil nut

Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) refers to a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae as well as the tree's commercially-harvested edible seeds. It is one of the largest and longest-lived trees in the Amazon rainforest. The fruit and its nutshell – containing the edible nut – are relatively large and weigh as much as 2 kg (4.4 lb) in total. As food, Brazil nuts are notable for diverse content of micronutrients, especially a high amount of selenium. The wood of the Brazil nut tree is prized for its quality in carpentry, flooring, and heavy construction. In 2023, Brazil and Bolivia combined produced 91% of the world total of Brazil nuts.

Tables

Brazil nut production 2023, tonnes · Production
Bolivia
Bolivia
Brazil
Bolivia
35,351
33,650
Peru
Peru
Brazil
Peru
35,351
6,909
World
World
Brazil
World
35,351
75,910
Source: FAOSTAT of the United Nations
Source: FAOSTAT of the United Nations
Brazil
Source: FAOSTAT of the United Nations
Brazil
35,351
Bolivia
33,650
Peru
6,909
World
75,910
Source: FAOSTAT of the United Nations
· Uses › Oil
Palmitoleic acid
Palmitoleic acid
Palmitic acid
Palmitoleic acid
10%
0.2%
Stearic acid
Stearic acid
Palmitic acid
Stearic acid
10%
6%
Oleic acid
Oleic acid
Palmitic acid
Oleic acid
10%
24%
Linoleic acid
Linoleic acid
Palmitic acid
Linoleic acid
10%
24%
Alpha-linolenic acid
Alpha-linolenic acid
Palmitic acid
Alpha-linolenic acid
10%
0.04%
Saturated fats
Saturated fats
Palmitic acid
Saturated fats
10%
16%
Unsaturated fats
Unsaturated fats
Palmitic acid
Unsaturated fats
10%
48%
Palmitic acid
10%
Palmitoleic acid
0.2%
Stearic acid
6%
Oleic acid
24%
Linoleic acid
24%
Alpha-linolenic acid
0.04%
Saturated fats
16%
Unsaturated fats
48%

References

  1. Bertholletia excelsa
    https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/32986/9741363
  2. "The Brazil Nut Industry – Past, Present, and Future"
    http://www.nybg.org/bsci/braznut
  3. "Nomes comuns: castanha-do-brasil, castanha-do-pará ou castanha-da-amazônia"
    https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/47749/1/folder-castanhadobrasil.pdf
  4. COSTA, J. R. (et al.).Uma das espécies nativas mais valiosas da floresta amazônica de terra firme é a castanha-do-brasil
    http://www.scielo.br/pdf/aa/v39n4/v39n4a13.pdf
  5. O livro de ouro da Amazônia: mitos e verdades sobre a região mais cobiçada do planeta
    https://books.google.com/books?id=TvIrAAAAYAAJ&q=%22a%20%C3%BAnica%20conhecida%20fora%22
  6. "Negócios para Amazônia sustentável"
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  7. Economic Botany
    https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12231-011-9151-6
  8. Ferreira, A. B. H. (1986). Novo Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa (2nd edition). Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira. p. 1729
  9. PROYECTO PARA DECLARACIÓN DE ALÉRGENOS y SUSTANCIAS QUE PRODUCEN REACCIONES ADVERSAS EN LOS RÓTULOS DE LOS ALIMENTOS, CUALQUIERA SEA SU ORIGEN, ENVASADOS EN AUSENCIA DEL CLIENTE, LISTOS PARA SER OFRECIDOS AL CONSUMIDOR (DEC. 117/006 DEL RBN)
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  10. Plant Names, Scientific and Popular
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    https://zenodo.org/record/1431393
  12. Oxford English Dictionary
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  13. Psychology Today
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  14. Fabula
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  15. Bertholletia excelsa
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  17. Bertholletia excelsa
    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315244593
  18. Estudos biológicos da floração e da frutificação da castanha-do-Brasil (
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090817104252/http://orton.catie.ac.cr/cgi-bin/wxis.exe/?IsisScript=ACERVO.xis&method=post&formato=2&cantidad=1&expresion=mfn=029738
  19. Bertholletia excelsa
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    http://www.bertholletia.org/bertholletia/benefits/body_benefits.html
  21. Bertholletia excelsa
    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230679775
  22. Eine Enzyklopädie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen
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  23. Surgical Neurology International
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8422441
  24. "Production of Brazil nuts (in shell) in 2023; Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)"
    https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL
  25. Forests News
    https://forestsnews.cifor.org/16623/harvesting-both-timber-and-brazil-nuts-in-perus-amazon-forests-can-they-coexist?fnl=en
  26. BBC News: Science and Environment
    https://www.bbc.com/news/10105273
  27. Trends in Ecology & Evolution
    https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tree.2004.03.022
  28. European Food Safety Authority
    https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/aflatoxins-food
  29. Official Journal of the European Union
    https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:168:0033:0038:EN:PDF
  30. AGÊNCIA FAPESP
    https://agencia.fapesp.br/research-improves-the-control-of-brazil-nut-contamination-by-mycotoxins/25782/
  31. "Brazil Nuts"
    https://www.orau.org/health-physics-museum/collection/consumer/food/brazil-nuts.html
  32. Atomic Insights
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  33. Museum of Radiation and Radioactivity at ORAU
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  34. www.cdc.gov
    https://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Barium_BiomonitoringSummary.html
  35. FDA
    https://www.fda.gov/food/nutrition-facts-label/daily-value-nutrition-and-supplement-facts-labels
  36. "TABLE 4-7 Comparison of Potassium Adequate Intakes Established in This Report to Potassium Adequate Intakes Established in the 2005 DRI Report"
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545428/table/tab_4_7/
  37. See USDA source in nutrition table.
  38. "Selenium"
    https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/selenium-HealthProfessional/
  39. Chemosphere
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  40. Genes and Nutrition
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  42. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research
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  43. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
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  44. Bertholletia excelsa
    https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Bertholletia+excelsa
  45. "Greenpeace Activists Trapped by Loggers in Amazon"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20101222112635/http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/features/activists-trapped-by-loggers071018/
  46. Forest News
    https://forestsnews.cifor.org/33554/brazil-nut-special-for-brazil-nuts-a-little-logging-may-go-a-long-way
  47. Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200708174055/https://www.agencia.cnptia.embrapa.br/gestor/castanha-do-brasil/arvore/CONT000g1kpc3vg02wx5ok00gmbp4skbjdei.html
  48. Edible Medicinal And Non Medicinal Plants: Volume 3, Fruits
    https://books.google.com/books?id=32rWbxUtjeMC&pg=PA131
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