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Born to Run

Updated: 12/11/2025, 1:45:13 PM Wikipedia source

Born to Run is the third studio album by the American singer-songwriter Bruce Springsteen, released on August 25, 1975, through Columbia Records. Co-produced by Springsteen with his manager Mike Appel and the producer Jon Landau, its recording took place in New York. Following the commercial failures of his first two albums, the album marked Springsteen's effort to break into the mainstream and create a commercially successful album. Springsteen sought to emulate Phil Spector's Wall of Sound production, leading to prolonged sessions with the E Street Band lasting from January 1974 to July 1975; six months alone were spent working on the title track. The album incorporates musical styles including rock and roll, pop rock, R&B, and folk rock. Its character-driven lyrics describe individuals who feel trapped and fantasize about escaping to a better life, conjured via romantic lyrical imagery of highways and travel. Springsteen envisioned the songs taking place over one long summer day and night. They are also less tied to the New Jersey area than his previous work. The album cover, featuring Springsteen leaning on E Street Band saxophonist Clarence Clemons's shoulder, is considered iconic and has been imitated by various musicians and in other media. Supported by an expensive promotional campaign, Born to Run became a commercial success, reaching number three on the US Billboard Top LPs & Tape chart and the top ten in three others. Two singles were released, "Born to Run" and "Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out", the first of which became a radio and live favorite. The album's release generated extensive publicity, leading to backlash from critics who expressed skepticism over whether Springsteen's newfound attention was warranted. Following its release, Springsteen became embroiled in legal issues with Appel, leading him to tour the United States and Europe for almost two years. Upon release, Born to Run received highly positive reviews. Critics praised the storytelling and music, although some viewed its production as excessive and heavy-handed. Born to Run was Springsteen's breakthrough album. Its success has been attributed to capturing the ideals of a generation of American youths during a decade of political turmoil, war, and issues facing the working class. Over the following decades, the album has become widely regarded as a masterpiece and one of Springsteen's best records. It has appeared on various lists of the greatest albums of all time and was inducted into the National Recording Registry in 2003 by the Library of Congress for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". Born to Run received an expanded reissue in 2005 to celebrate its 30th anniversary, featuring a concert film and a documentary detailing the album's making.

Infobox

Released
August 25, 1975 (1975-08-25)[a]
Recorded
January 1974 – July 1975
Studio
914 (Blauvelt, New York) Record Plant (New York City)
Genre
Rock and roll pop rock R&B folk rock
Length
39:23
Label
Columbia
Producer
Bruce Springsteen Mike Appel Jon Landau

Tables

Professional ratings · Legacy › Retrospective reviews
Review scores
Review scores
Retrospective reviews
Review scores
Source
Source
Retrospective reviews
Source
Retrospective reviews
Rating
AllMusic
AllMusic
Retrospective reviews
AllMusic
Retrospective reviews
Chicago Tribune
Chicago Tribune
Retrospective reviews
Chicago Tribune
Retrospective reviews
Christgau's Record Guide
Christgau's Record Guide
Retrospective reviews
Christgau's Record Guide
Retrospective reviews
A
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music
Retrospective reviews
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music
Retrospective reviews
MusicHound Rock
MusicHound Rock
Retrospective reviews
MusicHound Rock
Retrospective reviews
New Musical Express
New Musical Express
Retrospective reviews
New Musical Express
Retrospective reviews
9/10
Q
Q
Retrospective reviews
Q
Retrospective reviews
The Rolling Stone Album Guide
The Rolling Stone Album Guide
Retrospective reviews
The Rolling Stone Album Guide
Retrospective reviews
Sputnikmusic
Sputnikmusic
Retrospective reviews
Sputnikmusic
Retrospective reviews
5/5
Tom Hull – on the Web
Tom Hull – on the Web
Retrospective reviews
Tom Hull – on the Web
Retrospective reviews
B+
Retrospective reviews
Review scores
Source
Rating
AllMusic
Chicago Tribune
Christgau's Record Guide
A
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music
MusicHound Rock
New Musical Express
9/10
Q
The Rolling Stone Album Guide
Sputnikmusic
5/5
Tom Hull – on the Web
B+
Professional ratings · Reissues
Review scores
Review scores
30th Anniversary Edition
Review scores
Source
Source
30th Anniversary Edition
Source
30th Anniversary Edition
Rating
Blender
Blender
30th Anniversary Edition
Blender
30th Anniversary Edition
Entertainment Weekly
Entertainment Weekly
30th Anniversary Edition
Entertainment Weekly
30th Anniversary Edition
A−
The Guardian
The Guardian
30th Anniversary Edition
The Guardian
30th Anniversary Edition
Pitchfork
Pitchfork
30th Anniversary Edition
Pitchfork
30th Anniversary Edition
10/10
Stylus Magazine
Stylus Magazine
30th Anniversary Edition
Stylus Magazine
30th Anniversary Edition
A
30th Anniversary Edition
Review scores
Source
Rating
Blender
Entertainment Weekly
A−
The Guardian
Pitchfork
10/10
Stylus Magazine
A
1975–76 chart performance for Born to Run · Charts
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)
Chart (1975–76)
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)
Peakposition
7
Canadian Top Albums (RPM)
Canadian Top Albums (RPM)
Chart (1975–76)
Canadian Top Albums (RPM)
Peakposition
31
Irish Albums (IRMA)
Irish Albums (IRMA)
Chart (1975–76)
Irish Albums (IRMA)
Peakposition
20
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)
Chart (1975–76)
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)
Peakposition
7
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)
Chart (1975–76)
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)
Peakposition
28
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)
Chart (1975–76)
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)
Peakposition
26
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)
Chart (1975–76)
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)
Peakposition
13
UK Albums Chart (OCC)
UK Albums Chart (OCC)
Chart (1975–76)
UK Albums Chart (OCC)
Peakposition
36
US (Billboard Top LPs & Tape)
US (Billboard Top LPs & Tape)
Chart (1975–76)
US (Billboard Top LPs & Tape)
Peakposition
3
US (Record World)
US (Record World)
Chart (1975–76)
US (Record World)
Peakposition
1
Chart (1975–76)
Peakposition
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)
7
Canadian Top Albums (RPM)
31
Irish Albums (IRMA)
20
Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)
7
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)
28
Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)
26
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)
13
UK Albums Chart (OCC)
36
US (Billboard Top LPs & Tape)
3
US (Record World)
1
1985 chart performance for Born to Run · Charts
UK Albums Chart (OCC)
UK Albums Chart (OCC)
Chart (1985)
UK Albums Chart (OCC)
Peakposition
17
Chart (1985)
Peakposition
UK Albums Chart (OCC)
17
2005 chart performance for Born to Run · Charts
Canadian Albums (Nielsen SoundScan)
Canadian Albums (Nielsen SoundScan)
Chart (2005)
Canadian Albums (Nielsen SoundScan)
Peakposition
44
Italian Albums (Musica e Dischi)30th anniversary edition
Italian Albums (Musica e Dischi)30th anniversary edition
Chart (2005)
Italian Albums (Musica e Dischi)30th anniversary edition
Peakposition
41
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)
Chart (2005)
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)
Peakposition
7
US (Billboard 200)
US (Billboard 200)
Chart (2005)
US (Billboard 200)
Peakposition
18
Chart (2005)
Peakposition
Canadian Albums (Nielsen SoundScan)
44
Italian Albums (Musica e Dischi)30th anniversary edition
41
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)
7
US (Billboard 200)
18
Certifications and sales for Born to Run · Certifications and sales
Australia (ARIA)
Australia (ARIA)
Region
Australia (ARIA)
Certification
2× Platinum
Certified units/sales
140,000^
Canada (Music Canada)
Canada (Music Canada)
Region
Canada (Music Canada)
Certification
2× Platinum
Certified units/sales
200,000^
Finland (Musiikkituottajat)
Finland (Musiikkituottajat)
Region
Finland (Musiikkituottajat)
Certification
Gold
Certified units/sales
25,000
France (SNEP)
France (SNEP)
Region
France (SNEP)
Certification
Gold
Certified units/sales
100,000*
Ireland (IRMA) 30th Anniversary
Ireland (IRMA) 30th Anniversary
Region
Ireland (IRMA) 30th Anniversary
Certification
Gold
Certified units/sales
7,500^
Italy (FIMI) sales since 2009
Italy (FIMI) sales since 2009
Region
Italy (FIMI) sales since 2009
Certification
Gold
Certified units/sales
25,000*
Netherlands (NVPI)
Netherlands (NVPI)
Region
Netherlands (NVPI)
Certification
Gold
Certified units/sales
50,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)
New Zealand (RMNZ)
Region
New Zealand (RMNZ)
Certification
Platinum
Certified units/sales
15,000^
Spain (PROMUSICAE)
Spain (PROMUSICAE)
Region
Spain (PROMUSICAE)
Certification
Gold
Certified units/sales
50,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)
United Kingdom (BPI)
Region
United Kingdom (BPI)
Certification
Platinum
Certified units/sales
300,000^
United Kingdom (BPI) Video – 30th Anniversary Edition
United Kingdom (BPI) Video – 30th Anniversary Edition
Region
United Kingdom (BPI) Video – 30th Anniversary Edition
Certification
Platinum
Certified units/sales
50,000^
United States (RIAA)
United States (RIAA)
Region
United States (RIAA)
Certification
7× Platinum
Certified units/sales
7,000,000‡
Sales figures based on certification alone.^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
Sales figures based on certification alone.^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
Region
Sales figures based on certification alone.^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
Region
Certification
Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)
2× Platinum
140,000^
Canada (Music Canada)
2× Platinum
200,000^
Finland (Musiikkituottajat)
Gold
25,000
France (SNEP)
Gold
100,000*
Ireland (IRMA) 30th Anniversary
Gold
7,500^
Italy (FIMI) sales since 2009
Gold
25,000*
Netherlands (NVPI)
Gold
50,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)
Platinum
15,000^
Spain (PROMUSICAE)
Gold
50,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)
Platinum
300,000^
United Kingdom (BPI) Video – 30th Anniversary Edition
Platinum
50,000^
United States (RIAA)
7× Platinum
7,000,000‡
Sales figures based on certification alone.^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

References

  1. Other sources, including the Recording Industry Association of America, cite a release date of September 1, 1975. Spring
  2. CBS was the international distributor of Columbia outside of the United States.
  3. Most sources say March 1975, while others say February and April.
  4. Randy Brecker also plays the intro on "Meeting Across the River".
  5. Springsteen further explored the themes of "Night" on Darkness on the Edge of Town.
  6. The writer William Ruhlmann has argued that Springsteen later explored a platonic but powerful friendship between two me
  7. Masur argues that live performances of the song in the late 1970s clarify that Terry is a woman.
  8. These photos were compiled and published in Meola's book Born to Run: The Unseen Photos (2006).
  9. Another shot was later used for the 2024 compilation album Best of Bruce Springsteen.
  10. CBS and Columbia reignited promotion for Springsteen after seeing the quote; one executive used the quote on posters for
  11. Born to Run achieved a new peak of number 17 in the UK in 1985.
  12. Attributed to multiple references:
  13. The November 18 performance was filmed and later released on the 30th Anniversary Edition of Born to Run in 2005. The pe
  14. The December 31 show was later released as a live album, Tower Theater, Philadelphia 1975, in 2015.
  15. Springsteen could not record in a studio without a producer approved by Appel.
  16. In 1983, Appel sold his share back to Springsteen, giving Springsteen full ownership of his own music.
  17. E Street Band member Steven Van Zandt had acted alongside Gandolfini in the television series The Sopranos (1999–2007).
  18. Attributed to multiple references:
  19. Attributed to multiple references:
  20. Margotin & Guesdon 2020, p. 70.
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  189. RPM
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  191. Dolan 2012, p. 128.
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  193. Dolan 2012, p. 132.
  194. Masur 2010, p. 129.
  195. Ultimate Classic Rock
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  196. Kirkpatrick 2007, pp. 45–46.
  197. Carlin 2012, p. 206.
  198. The New York Times
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  199. The New York Times
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  200. Dolan 2012, p. 131.
  201. Masur 2010, p. 133.
  202. Masur 2010, p. 132.
  203. Dolan 2012, pp. 129–130.
  204. Carlin 2012, p. 207.
  205. Masur 2010, pp. 134–135.
  206. Dolan 2012, p. 130.
  207. Clarke 1990, p. 1109.
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