Book of Hosea
Updated: 12/20/2025, 11:31:14 AM Wikipedia source
The Book of Hosea (Biblical Hebrew: סֵפֶר הוֹשֵׁעַ, romanized: Sēfer Hōšēaʿ) is one of the books of the Twelve Minor Prophets of the Nevi'im ("Prophets") in the Tanakh and a book in the Christian Old Testament, having fourteen chapters in both. According to the traditional order of most Hebrew Bibles, it is the first of the Twelve. Set around the fall of the northern Kingdom of Israel, the Book of Hosea denounces the worship of gods other than Yahweh (the God of Israel), metaphorically comparing Israel's abandonment of Yahweh to a woman being unfaithful to her husband. According to the book's narrative, the relationship between Hosea and his unfaithful wife Gomer is comparable to the relationship between Yahweh and his unfaithful people Israel: this text "for the first time" describes the latter relationship in terms of a marriage. The eventual reconciliation of Hosea and Gomer is treated as a hopeful metaphor for the eventual reconciliation between Yahweh and Israel. Some redaction-critical studies of Hosea since the 1980s have postulated that the theological and literary unity was created by editors, though scholars differ significantly in their interpretations of the redaction process, stages, and the extent of the eighth-century BCE prophet's original contributions. Nevertheless, many scholars agree that the bulk of the book was probably composed around the times of Jeroboam II of Israel (c. 793–753 BCE). Hosea is the source of the phrase "reap the whirlwind", which has passed into common usage in English and other languages.
Infobox
Tables
| Book of Hosea Minor prophets | ||
| Preceded byEzekiel | Hebrew Bible | Succeeded byJoel |
| Preceded byDaniel | ChristianOld Testament | |
References
- See, for example, Hosea 4:15, 6:11 and 11:12
- The editors of the Jerusalem Bible argue that she is the same woman, "Gomer herself".
- Jerusalem Bible (1966), Introduction to the Prophets, p. 1135, London: Darton, Longman & Todd Ltd and Doubleday and Co.
- The Oxford Handbook of the Minor Prophetshttps://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190673208.013.29
- Hosea: A Textual Commentaryhttps://books.google.com/books?id=zGstDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA11
- Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religionhttps://doi.org/10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780199340378.013.1189
- Hosea 8:7https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hosea+8:7&version=nkjv
- Hosea 8:4–6https://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et1308.htm#4
- Cook, Stephen L. (1989). HarperCollins Study Bible; New Revised Standard Version With the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Bo
- Hosea 4:1–2https://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et1304.htm#1
- Hosea 9:3https://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et1309.htm#3
- Hosea 3:1https://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et1303.htm#1
- Hosea 11:1https://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et1311.htm#1
- Hosea 14:4https://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et1314.htm#4
- Hosea 13:4https://mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et1313.htm#4
- Hosea 1:1https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1301.htm#1
- Hosea 1:2https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hosea+1:2&version=nkjv
- Hosea 3:1https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Hosea%203:1&version=nrsv
- Jerusalem Bible (1966), footnote a at Hosea 3:1, p. 1455
- Coogan, Michael (2009). A Brief Introduction to the Old Testament. Oxford University Press. pp. 262–63
- 1 Kings 21https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09a21.htm#1
- 2 Kings 9:21–35https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09b09.htm#21
- Hosea 1:7https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1301.htm#7
- Hosea
- Hosea 1:9https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1301.htm#9
- Hosea 11:1https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1311.htm#1
- Matthew 2:13https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matthew%202:13&version=nrsv
- Luke 23:30https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Luke%2023:30&version=nrsv
- Revelation 6:16https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Revelation%206:16&version=nrsv
- Hosea 2:3https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1302.htm#3
- Hosea 2:4https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1302.htm#4
- Hosea 2:5https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1302.htm#5
- Ben Zvi, Ehud. 2004. "Observations on the marital metaphor of YHWH and Israel in its ancient Israelite context: general
- Connolly, Tristanne J. (1998), "Metaphor and Abuse in Hosea", Feminist Theology no. 18: 58.
- Connolly, Tristanne J. (1998), "Metaphor and Abuse in Hosea", Feminist Theology no. 18: 60.
- Coogan, Michael David (2009), A Brief Introduction to the Old Testament: The Hebrew Bible in Its Context (New York: Oxfo
- Hosea 2: Metaphor and Rhetoric in Historical Perspective
- The Social Roots of Biblical Yahwism, Part 2
- www.jewishencyclopedia.comhttps://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/7895-hosea-book-of