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Birobidzhan

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Birobidzhan

Birobidzhan (Russian: Биробиджан, IPA: [bʲɪrəbʲɪˈdʐan]; Yiddish: ביראָבידזשאַן, IPA: [ˌbɪrɔbɪˈdʒan]), also spelt Birobijan ( BIRR-ə-bih-JAHN), is a town and the administrative centre of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia, located on the Trans-Siberian Railway, near the China–Russia border.

As of the 2010 Census, its population is 75,413. Birobidzhan is named after the two largest rivers in the autonomous oblast: the Bira and the Bidzhan. The Bira, which lies to the east of the Bidzhan Valley, flows through the town. Both rivers are tributaries of the Amur.

Infobox

• Yiddish
ביראָבידזשאַן
Country
Russia
Federal subject
Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Founded
1931
Town status since
1937
• Body
Town Duma
• Mayor
Aleksandr Golovaty [ru]
• Total
75,413
Elevation
80 m (260 ft)
• Estimate (2025)
74,791 (−0.8%)
• Rank
215th in 2010
• Density
445.23/km2 (1,153.1/sq mi)
• Subordinated to
town of oblast significance of Birobidzhan
• Capital of
Birobidzhan Urban Okrug, Birobidzhansky Municipal District
• Urban okrug
Birobidzhan Urban Okrug
Time zone
UTC 10 (MSK 7 )
Postal codes
679000, 679002, 679005, 679006, 679011, 679013–679017, 679700, 679801, 679950
Dialing code
7 42622
OKTMO ID
99701000001
Town Day
Last Saturday of May
Website
www.biradm.ru

Tables

Month
Month
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Month
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Jan
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Feb
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Mar
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Apr
Climate data for Birobidzhan
May
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Jun
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Jul
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Aug
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Sep
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Oct
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Nov
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Dec
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Year
Record high °C (°F)
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−0.4(31.3)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
5.9(42.6)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
18.4(65.1)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
29.8(85.6)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
33.7(92.7)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
37.1(98.8)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
39.9(103.8)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
36.8(98.2)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
32.7(90.9)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
26.9(80.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
16.1(61.0)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
5.2(41.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
39.9(103.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−15.6(3.9)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−10.9(12.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
0.2(32.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
9.5(49.1)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
18.2(64.8)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
24.5(76.1)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
26.8(80.2)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
24.3(75.7)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
18.1(64.6)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
8.5(47.3)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−4.1(24.6)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−14.2(6.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
7.0(44.6)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−22.2(−8.0)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−16.5(2.3)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−6.4(20.5)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
5.4(41.7)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
13.0(55.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
18.9(66.0)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
21.1(70.0)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
19.2(66.6)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
12.8(55.0)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
3.9(39.0)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−9.2(15.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−18.8(−1.8)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
1.9(35.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−27.4(−17.3)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−26.4(−15.5)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−16.5(2.3)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−3.4(25.9)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
5.0(41.0)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
12.5(54.5)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
15.1(59.2)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
13.4(56.1)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
5.9(42.6)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−1.3(29.7)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−16.9(1.6)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−26.6(−15.9)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−3.6(25.5)
Record low °C (°F)
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−43.7(−46.7)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−39.9(−39.8)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−34.1(−29.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−19.7(−3.5)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−3.9(25.0)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
1.5(34.7)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
5.9(42.6)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
3.7(38.7)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−3.9(25.0)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−19.8(−3.6)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−33.6(−28.5)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−37.9(−36.2)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
−43.7(−46.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
6(0.2)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
5(0.2)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
13(0.5)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
35(1.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
61(2.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
108(4.3)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
147(5.8)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
154(6.1)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
88(3.5)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
35(1.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
19(0.7)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
11(0.4)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
682(26.9)
Average precipitation days
Average precipitation days
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Average precipitation days
Climate data for Birobidzhan
2
Climate data for Birobidzhan
2
Climate data for Birobidzhan
4
Climate data for Birobidzhan
6
Climate data for Birobidzhan
10
Climate data for Birobidzhan
12
Climate data for Birobidzhan
13
Climate data for Birobidzhan
13
Climate data for Birobidzhan
10
Climate data for Birobidzhan
5
Climate data for Birobidzhan
4
Climate data for Birobidzhan
3
Climate data for Birobidzhan
84
Source 1: World Meteorological Organisation (UN)
Source 1: World Meteorological Organisation (UN)
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Source 1: World Meteorological Organisation (UN)
Source 2: [www.retscreen.net/ru/home.php NASA RETScreen Database]
Source 2: [www.retscreen.net/ru/home.php NASA RETScreen Database]
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Source 2: [www.retscreen.net/ru/home.php NASA RETScreen Database]
Climate data for Birobidzhan
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
−0.4(31.3)
5.9(42.6)
18.4(65.1)
29.8(85.6)
33.7(92.7)
37.1(98.8)
39.9(103.8)
36.8(98.2)
32.7(90.9)
26.9(80.4)
16.1(61.0)
5.2(41.4)
39.9(103.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
−15.6(3.9)
−10.9(12.4)
0.2(32.4)
9.5(49.1)
18.2(64.8)
24.5(76.1)
26.8(80.2)
24.3(75.7)
18.1(64.6)
8.5(47.3)
−4.1(24.6)
−14.2(6.4)
7.0(44.6)
Daily mean °C (°F)
−22.2(−8.0)
−16.5(2.3)
−6.4(20.5)
5.4(41.7)
13.0(55.4)
18.9(66.0)
21.1(70.0)
19.2(66.6)
12.8(55.0)
3.9(39.0)
−9.2(15.4)
−18.8(−1.8)
1.9(35.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
−27.4(−17.3)
−26.4(−15.5)
−16.5(2.3)
−3.4(25.9)
5.0(41.0)
12.5(54.5)
15.1(59.2)
13.4(56.1)
5.9(42.6)
−1.3(29.7)
−16.9(1.6)
−26.6(−15.9)
−3.6(25.5)
Record low °C (°F)
−43.7(−46.7)
−39.9(−39.8)
−34.1(−29.4)
−19.7(−3.5)
−3.9(25.0)
1.5(34.7)
5.9(42.6)
3.7(38.7)
−3.9(25.0)
−19.8(−3.6)
−33.6(−28.5)
−37.9(−36.2)
−43.7(−46.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
6(0.2)
5(0.2)
13(0.5)
35(1.4)
61(2.4)
108(4.3)
147(5.8)
154(6.1)
88(3.5)
35(1.4)
19(0.7)
11(0.4)
682(26.9)
Average precipitation days
2
2
4
6
10
12
13
13
10
5
4
3
84
Source 1: World Meteorological Organisation (UN)
Source 2: [www.retscreen.net/ru/home.php NASA RETScreen Database]

References

  1. Law #982-OZ
  2. Энциклопедия Города России
  3. Charter of Birobidzhan, Article 16
  4. Official website of Birobidzhan Archived October 24, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
    http://www.biradm.ru
  5. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1
    http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612.htm
  6. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2025 года
    https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/%D0%A1hisl_MO_01-01-2025.xlsx
  7. Law #226-OZ
  8. Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Федеральное агентство по технологическому регулированию и метрологии. №ОК
  9. Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации
    http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&prevDoc=102483854&backlink=1&&nd=102148085
  10. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects
    http://vinfo.russianpost.ru/servlet/department
  11. Charter of Birobidzhan, Article 1
  12. Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Economic and Social Measures of the Urban Okrugs and Urban Settlements in the
    http://www.gks.ru/scripts/db_inet2/passport/table.aspx?opt=99701000200620072008200920102011
  13. Jewish Autonomous Oblast Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Permanent Population Estimate as of
    http://evrstat.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/evrstat/resources/ff64758043606586b551f574665da2b8/%D0%A3%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1+%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F+2014+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%B7%D0%B0+2013+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4.doc
  14. Britannica Academic
    https://academic-eb-com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/levels/collegiate/article/Birobidzhan/15382
  15. https://www1.swarthmore.edu/Home/News/biro/html/panel09.html
    https://www1.swarthmore.edu/Home/News/biro/html/panel09.html
  16. Dreams of nationhood: American Jewish communists and the Soviet Birobidzhan project, 1924-1951
    https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/769190216
  17. Red Star Over Birobidzhan: Canadian Jewish Communists and the "Jewish Autonomous Region" in the Soviet Union
  18. East European Jewish Affairs
    https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13501670903298278
  19. East European Jewish Affairs
    https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13501679808577869
  20. "Birobidzhan: Stalin's Forgotten Zion"
    http://www.swarthmore.edu/Home/News/biro/html/panel04.html#
  21. Encyclopaedia Judaica
    https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70174939
  22. Fresh Air
    https://www.npr.org/2016/09/07/492962278/sad-and-absurd-the-u-s-s-r-s-disastrous-effort-to-create-a-jewish-homeland
  23. Weinberg, Robert (1998). Stalin's Forgotten Zion: Birobidzhan and the Making of a Soviet Jewish Homeland. Berkeley: Univ
  24. New York Review of Books
    http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2016/10/27/the-sad-fate-of-birobidzhan/
  25. Estraikh, Gennady & Murav Harriet Soviet Jews in World War II: Fighting, Witnessing, Remembering Brighton: Academic Stud
  26. Holocaust and Genocide Studies
    https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fhgs%2F14.1.1
  27. Birobidzhanskaya zvezda
    https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13501679608577817
  28. East European Jewish Affairs
    https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13501674.2012.699205
  29. Jta.org
    https://www.jta.org/2004/09/21/archive/across-the-former-soviet-union-in-stalins-former-jewish-haven-locals-say-ground-is-ripe-for-reviva
  30. FJC | News | Birobidzhan - New Rabbi, New Synagogue Archived September 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
    http://www.fjc.ru/news/newsArticle.asp?AID=317166
  31. Inquiries Journal/Student Pulse [Online]
    http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/221/birobidjan-the-story-of-the-first-jewish-state
  32. FJC | News | Far East Community Prepares for 70th Anniversary of Jewish Autonomous Republic Archived May 18, 2011, at th
    http://www.fjc.ru/news/newsArticle.asp?AID=166969
  33. FJC | News | From Tractors to Torah in Russia's Jewish Land Archived April 11, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
    http://www.fjc.ru/news/newsArticle.asp?AID=525676&cid=84435&NewsType=80052
  34. Far East Jewish Community Chairman Passes Away Archived June 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine Federation of Jewish Commu
    http://www.fjc.ru/news/newsArticle.asp?AID=566776&scope=6218&NewsType=80052
  35. Governor Voices Support for Growing Far East Jewish Community Archived May 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Federation o
    http://www.fjc.ru/news/newsArticle.asp?AID=221939
  36. 2all.co.il
    http://www.2all.co.il/web/Sites/yiddishproject/
  37. Back to Birobidjan Archived August 13, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. By Rebecca Raskin. The Jerusalem Post
    http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1255450652192&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull
  38. Breaking News - JTA, Jewish & Israel News Archived June 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
    https://www.jta.org/cgi-bin/iowa/breaking/105713.html
  39. FJC | The Guardian | Russia | Revival of a Soviet Zion: Birobidzhan celebrates its Jewish heritage | 27-September-2017
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/sep/27/revival-of-a-soviet-zion-birobidzhan-celebrates-its-jewish-heritage
  40. Haaretz
    https://www.haaretz.com/world-news/europe/.premium.MAGAZINE-the-other-jewish-homeland-at-the-end-of-the-world-1.5464481
  41. Religion Archived August 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
    http://www.eao.ru/eng/?p=365
  42. Kulanu: Birobidzhan: Soviety-era Jewish homeland struggles on Archived August 7, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
    http://www.kulanu.org/links/birodidzhan.html
  43. NCSJ - Profiles: Birobidzhan Jewish Community Archived January 12, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
    http://www.ncsj.org/AuxPages/091304JTA_Birobid.shtml#0916
  44. ResearchGate
    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237329339
  45. "World Weather Information Service – Birobidzan"
    https://worldweather.wmo.int/107/c01047.htm
  46. Hcnadezhda.narod.ru
    http://hcnadezhda.narod.ru/
  47. "Надежда" Биробиджан
    http://www.rusbandy.ru/club/38/
  48. "Высшая лига. Календарь игр III группы - Архив новостей - Федерация хоккея с мячом России"
    http://www.rusbandy.ru/news/11157/
  49. biradm.ru
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200205102903/http://www.biradm.ru/about_b/inernatact/
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