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Billie Jean King

Updated: Wikipedia source

Billie Jean King

Billie Jean King (née Moffitt; born November 22, 1943), also known as BJK, is an American former world No. 1 tennis player. King won 39 Grand Slam titles: 12 in singles, 16 in women's doubles, and 11 in mixed doubles. She was a member of the victorious United States team in seven Federation Cups and nine Wightman Cups. King is an advocate of gender equality and has long been a pioneer for equality and social justice. In 1973, at the age of 29, she famously won the "Battle of the Sexes" tennis match against the 55-year-old Bobby Riggs. King was also the founder of the Women's Tennis Association and the Women's Sports Foundation. She was instrumental in persuading cigarette brand Virginia Slims to sponsor women's tennis in the 1970s and went on to serve on the board of their parent company Philip Morris in the 2000s. King was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1987. The Fed Cup Award of Excellence was bestowed on her in 2010. In 1972, she was the joint winner, with John Wooden, of the Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year award and was one of the Time Persons of the Year in 1975. She has also received the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Sunday Times Sportswoman of the Year lifetime achievement award. She was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1990, and in 2006, the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City was renamed the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center. In 2018, she won the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2020, the Federation Cup was renamed the Billie Jean King Cup in her honor. In 2022, she was awarded the French Legion of Honour, and in 2024, she received a Congressional Gold Medal.

Infobox

Born
Billie Jean Moffitt (1943-11-22) November 22, 1943 (age 82)Long Beach, California, US
Height
5 ft 5 in (1.65 m)
Spouses
mw- Larry W. King (m. 1965; div. 1987) Ilana Kloss (m. 2018)
Country (sports)
United States
Turned pro
1968
Retired
1990
Plays
Right-handed (one-handed backhand)
College
California State University, Los Angeles
Prize money
$1,966,487
Int. Tennis HoF
1987 (member page)
Official website
billiejeanking.com
Career record
87–37 (as shown on WTA website)
Career titles
11
Highest ranking
No. 1 (1967)
Australian Open
W (1968)
French Open
W (1967, 1970)
Wimbledon
W (1967, 1971, 1973, 1974)
US Open
W (1967, 1971, 1973, 1976)
Tour Finals
W (1974, 1976, 1978, 1980)
Fed Cup
W (1963, 1966, 1967, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979) (as player)W (1976, 1996, 1999, 2000) (as captain)

Tables

· Grand Slam statistics › Grand Slam single finals
Wimbledon
Wimbledon
Result
Loss
Year
1963
Tournament
Wimbledon
Opponent
Margaret Court
Score
3–6, 4–6
U.S. Championships
U.S. Championships
Result
Loss
Year
1965
Tournament
U.S. Championships
Opponent
Margaret Court
Score
6–8, 5–7
Wimbledon
Wimbledon
Result
Win
Year
1966
Tournament
Wimbledon
Opponent
Maria Bueno
Score
6–3, 3–6, 6–1
Wimbledon (2)
Wimbledon (2)
Result
Win
Year
1967
Tournament
Wimbledon (2)
Opponent
Ann Haydon-Jones
Score
6–3, 6–4
U.S. Championships
U.S. Championships
Result
Win
Year
1967
Tournament
U.S. Championships
Opponent
Ann Haydon-Jones
Score
11–9, 6–4
Australian Championships
Australian Championships
Result
Win
Year
1968
Tournament
Australian Championships
Opponent
Margaret Court
Score
6–1, 6–2
Wimbledon (3)
Wimbledon (3)
Result
Win
Year
1968
Tournament
Wimbledon (3)
Opponent
Judy Tegart-Dalton
Score
9–7, 7–5
US Open
US Open
Result
Loss
Year
1968
Tournament
US Open
Opponent
Virginia Wade
Score
4–6, 2–6
Australian Open
Australian Open
Result
Loss
Year
1969
Tournament
Australian Open
Opponent
Margaret Court
Score
4–6, 1–6
Wimbledon
Wimbledon
Result
Loss
Year
1969
Tournament
Wimbledon
Opponent
Ann Haydon-Jones
Score
6–3, 3–6, 2–6
Wimbledon
Wimbledon
Result
Loss
Year
1970
Tournament
Wimbledon
Opponent
Margaret Court
Score
12–14, 9–11
US Open (2)
US Open (2)
Result
Win
Year
1971
Tournament
US Open (2)
Opponent
Rosemary Casals
Score
6–4, 7–6(5–2)
French Open
French Open
Result
Win
Year
1972
Tournament
French Open
Opponent
Evonne Goolagong
Score
6–3, 6–3
Wimbledon (4)
Wimbledon (4)
Result
Win
Year
1972
Tournament
Wimbledon (4)
Opponent
Evonne Goolagong
Score
6–3, 6–3
US Open (3)
US Open (3)
Result
Win
Year
1972
Tournament
US Open (3)
Opponent
Kerry Melville Reid
Score
6–3, 7–5
Wimbledon (5)
Wimbledon (5)
Result
Win
Year
1973
Tournament
Wimbledon (5)
Opponent
Chris Evert
Score
6–0, 7–5
US Open (4)
US Open (4)
Result
Win
Year
1974
Tournament
US Open (4)
Opponent
Evonne Goolagong
Score
3–6, 6–3, 7–5
Wimbledon (6)
Wimbledon (6)
Result
Win
Year
1975
Tournament
Wimbledon (6)
Opponent
Evonne Goolagong Cawley
Score
6–0, 6–1
Result
Year
Tournament
Surface
Opponent
Score
Loss
1963
Wimbledon
Grass
Margaret Court
3–6, 4–6
Loss
1965
Championships
Grass
Margaret Court
6–8, 5–7
Win
1966
Wimbledon
Grass
Maria Bueno
6–3, 3–6, 6–1
Win
1967
Wimbledon (2)
Grass
Ann Haydon-Jones
6–3, 6–4
Win
1967
Championships
Grass
Ann Haydon-Jones
11–9, 6–4
Win
1968
Australian Championships
Grass
Margaret Court
6–1, 6–2
↓ Open Era ↓
Win
1968
Wimbledon (3)
Grass
Judy Tegart-Dalton
9–7, 7–5
Loss
1968
US Open
Grass
Virginia Wade
4–6, 2–6
Loss
1969
Australian Open
Grass
Margaret Court
4–6, 1–6
Loss
1969
Wimbledon
Grass
Ann Haydon-Jones
6–3, 3–6, 2–6
Loss
1970
Wimbledon
Grass
Margaret Court
12–14, 9–11
Win
1971
US Open (2)
Grass
Rosemary Casals
6–4, 7–6(5–2)
Win
1972
French Open
Clay
Evonne Goolagong
6–3, 6–3
Win
1972
Wimbledon (4)
Grass
Evonne Goolagong
6–3, 6–3
Win
1972
US Open (3)
Grass
Kerry Melville Reid
6–3, 7–5
Win
1973
Wimbledon (5)
Grass
Chris Evert
6–0, 7–5
Win
1974
US Open (4)
Grass
Evonne Goolagong
3–6, 6–3, 7–5
Win
1975
Wimbledon (6)
Grass
Evonne Goolagong Cawley
6–0, 6–1
Key · Grand Slam statistics › Grand Slam tournament timeline
W
F
SF
QF
RR
Q#
DNQ
A
NH
· Grand Slam statistics › Grand Slam tournament timeline
Australian Open
Australian Open
Tournament
Australian Open
'59
A
'60
A
'61
A
'62
A
'63
A
'64
A
'65
SF
'66
A
'67
A
'68
W
'69
F
'70
A
'71
A
'72
A
'73
A
'74
A
'75
A
'76
A
'77
A/A
'78
A
'79
A
'80
A
'81
A
'82
QF
'83
2R
'84
A
mw- SR
1 / 5
W–L
16–4
French Open
French Open
Tournament
French Open
'59
A
'60
A
'61
A
'62
A
'63
A
'64
A
'65
A
'66
A
'67
QF
'68
SF
'69
QF
'70
QF
'71
A
'72
W
'73
A
'74
A
'75
A
'76
A
'77
A
'78
A
'79
A
'80
QF
'81
A
'82
3R
'83
A
'84
A
mw- SR
1 / 7
W–L
21–6
Wimbledon
Wimbledon
Tournament
Wimbledon
'59
A
'60
A
'61
2R
'62
QF
'63
F
'64
SF
'65
SF
'66
W
'67
W
'68
W
'69
F
'70
F
'71
SF
'72
W
'73
W
'74
QF
'75
W
'76
A
'77
QF
'78
QF
'79
QF
'80
QF
'81
A
'82
SF
'83
SF
'84
A
mw- SR
6 / 21
W–L
95–15
US Open
US Open
Tournament
US Open
'59
1R
'60
3R
'61
2R
'62
1R
'63
4R
'64
QF
'65
F
'66
2R
'67
W
'68
F
'69
QF
'70
A
'71
W
'72
W
'73
3R
'74
W
'75
A
'76
A
'77
QF
'78
A
'79
SF
'80
A
'81
A
'82
1R
'83
A
'84
A
mw- SR
4 / 18
W–L
58–14
SR
SR
Tournament
SR
'59
0 / 1
'60
0 / 1
'61
0 / 2
'62
0 / 2
'63
0 / 2
'64
0 / 2
'65
0 / 3
'66
1 / 2
'67
2 / 3
'68
2 / 4
'69
0 / 4
'70
0 / 2
'71
1 / 2
'72
3 / 3
'73
1 / 2
'74
1 / 2
'75
1 / 1
'76
0 / 0
'77
0 / 2
'78
0 / 1
'79
0 / 2
'80
0 / 2
'81
0 / 0
'82
0 / 4
'83
0 / 2
'84
0 / 0
mw- SR
12 / 51
W–L
190–39
Tournament
'59
'60
'61
'62
'63
'64
'65
'66
'67
'68
'69
'70
'71
'72
'73
'74
'75
'76
'77
'78
'79
'80
'81
'82
'83
'84
mw- SR
W–L
Australian Open
A
A
A
A
A
A
SF
A
A
W
F
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A/A
A
A
A
A
QF
2R
A
1 / 5
16–4
French Open
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
QF
SF
QF
QF
A
W
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
QF
A
3R
A
A
1 / 7
21–6
Wimbledon
A
A
2R
QF
F
SF
SF
W
W
W
F
F
SF
W
W
QF
W
A
QF
QF
QF
QF
A
SF
SF
A
6 / 21
95–15
US Open
1R
3R
2R
1R
4R
QF
F
2R
W
F
QF
A
W
W
3R
W
A
A
QF
A
SF
A
A
1R
A
A
4 / 18
58–14
SR
0 / 1
0 / 1
0 / 2
0 / 2
0 / 2
0 / 2
0 / 3
1 / 2
2 / 3
2 / 4
0 / 4
0 / 2
1 / 2
3 / 3
1 / 2
1 / 2
1 / 1
0 / 0
0 / 2
0 / 1
0 / 2
0 / 2
0 / 0
0 / 4
0 / 2
0 / 0
12 / 51
190–39

References

  1. Five additional women have completed a career Grand Slam since King.
  2. Martina Navratilova also has 20 career titles at Wimbledon.
  3. 26–3 in singles and 26–1 in doubles
  4. excluding two unfinished matches
  5. 14–2 in singles and 8–2 in women's doubles
  6. "Women's Tennis Association biography of Billie Jean King"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090705094136/http://www.sonyericssonwtatour.com/page/Player/Stats/0%2C%2C12781~4011%2C00.html
  7. www.tennisabstract.com
    https://www.tennisabstract.com/cgi-bin/wplayer.cgi?p=BillieJeanKing
  8. "Billie Jean King – Speaker"
    https://www.ted.com/speakers/billie_jean_king
  9. ElasticReviews.com
    https://elasticreviews.com/why-do-tennis-players-wear-skirts/
  10. "Official Wimbledon profile of Billie Jean King"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20070225034336/http://www.wimbledon.org/en_GB/about/history/billiejean_king.html
  11. Encyclopedia.com
    https://www.encyclopedia.com/article-1G2-2591304957/king-billie-jean-1943.html
  12. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/25/magazine/plays-tennis-like-a-man-speaks-out-like-billie-jean-king.html
  13. "Randy Moffitt Statistics"
    https://www.baseball-reference.com/m/moffira01.shtml
  14. National Women's Hall of Fame
    https://web.archive.org/web/20191001122619/https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/billie-jean-king/
  15. www.in2013dollars.com
    https://www.in2013dollars.com/us/inflation/1956?amount=1
  16. "Billie Jean King Moffitt Tennis Center"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20170829212231/http://www.longbeach.gov/park/park-and-facilities/directory/billie-jean-king-tennis-center/
  17. Game, Set, Match: Billie Jean King and the Revolution in Women's Sports
  18. Sports Illustrated Vault
    https://vault.si.com/vault/1975/05/19/mrs-billie-jean-king
  19. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/30/sports/a-fan-at-the-game-john-leonard.html
  20. Sports Illustrated Vault
    https://vault.si.com/vault/1968/05/27/they-cheer-when-the-parson-is-pitching
  21. "Press Release – King's Schools"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20061224233102/http://kingsschools.org/pr_si-article.asp
  22. "Game, Set, Match: Billie Jean King and the Revolution in Women's Sports"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20171001074933/https://www.questia.com/read/121600472/game-set-match-billie-jean-king-and-the-revolution
  23. Los Angeles Times
    https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-07-31/she-left-csula-in-the-1960s-to-conquer-tennis-at-81-billie-jean-king-is-back-chasing-a-degree
  24. Philadelphia Magazine
    https://web.archive.org/web/20170930101842/http://www.phillymag.com/articles/billie-jean-king-racquet-revolutionary/4/
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  26. WTA Tennis
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  27. Billie Jean King record in Federation Cup Archived July 23, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
    http://www.fedcup.com/en/players/player/profile.aspx?playerid=20000786
  28. Bud Collins' Modern Encyclopedia of Tennis
    https://archive.org/details/budcollinsmodern00coll
  29. Teele, Jack, "The Sports Beat", Long Beach Press-Telegram, November 12, 1959, page D-3
  30. International Tennis Hall of Fame
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  31. stltoday.com
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    https://web.archive.org/web/20171016015353/https://www.questia.com/read/121600470/game-set-match-billie-jean-king-and-the-revolution
  36. "International Tennis Hall of Fame biography of Billie Jean Moffitt King"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20061119112817/http://www.tennisfame.com/famer.aspx?pgID=867&hof_id=171
  37. My Life With the Pros
    https://archive.org/details/mylifewithpros00coll_0
  38. WSJ
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  39. Billie Moffitt's Strategy – Attack!", Kansas City Times, June 27, 1962, page 15
  40. We Have Come a Long Way: The Story of Women's Tennis
    https://archive.org/details/wehavecomelongwa00king/page/106
  41. "Wimbledon Upset", Beckley (West Virginia) Post-Herald, June 27, 1962, page 2
  42. SI.com
    https://www.si.com/vault/1964/07/13/608312/the-outcasts-are-counted-in
  43. We Have Come a Long Way: The Story of Women's Tennis
    https://archive.org/details/wehavecomelongwa00king
  44. Santana, Miss Smith Grab U.S. Tennis Championships", Pacific Stars & Stripes, September 14, 1965, page 20
  45. We Have Come a Long Way: The Story of Women's Tennis
    https://archive.org/details/wehavecomelongwa00king/page/114
  46. "Billie Jean Must Share No. 1 Rating", Independent Press-Telegram (Long Beach, California), February 6, 1966, page C-1
  47. "Tournament Facts"
    https://theojai.net/tournament-info/
  48. "Manolo is king, and a King is queen"
    https://vault.si.com/vault/1966/07/11/manolo-is-king-and-a-king-is-queen/
  49. "News Archive; 1966: Tennis"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220250/http://news.elementfx.com/1966-tennis.html
  50. We Have Come a Long Way: The Story of Women's Tennis
    https://archive.org/details/wehavecomelongwa00king/page/114
  51. "Aussie, Billie Jean Capture U.S. Titles", Oakland Tribune, September 11, 1967, page 40-E
  52. "News Archive; 1967: Tennis"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233137/http://news.elementfx.com/1967-tennis.html
  53. Injury May Force King Out Of Tennis Tourney", Florence Morning News, November 25, 1967, page 6
  54. The New York Times
    https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0F15F8345D147493C2AA1788D85F4C8685F9
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    https://web.archive.org/web/20160304115624/http://news.elementfx.com/1968-tennis.html
  56. The New York Times
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  57. Independent Press-Telegram
  58. The Pocono Record
  59. "Mrs. King Crushes Foe", Abilene (Texas) Reporter-News, July 3, 1969, page 12-A
  60. Billie Jean, Pancho Gain Pacific Southwest Finals", Independent Press-Telegram, Long Beach, California, September 28, 19
  61. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/04/archives/mrs-king-hobbled-by-leg-cramps-loses-to-miss-niessen-in-french.html
  62. "Classic women's singles finals"
    http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wimbledon2000/fans_guide/769768.stm
  63. Margaret Court/Smith (Wimbledon official website) Archived May 15, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
    https://www.wimbledon.org/en_GB/about/history/margaret_court.html
  64. "Billie Jean Has Knee Surgery", Wisconsin State Journal, July 23, 1970, section 2, page 3
  65. "Billie Jean King, Julia Heldman score victories", Winona (Minnesota) Daily News, April 26, 1970, page 7b
  66. The Guinness Book of Tennis Facts & Feats
  67. Pappano, Laura. “Women Win On and Off Court.” The Women’s Review of Books, vol. 28, no. 3, 2011, pp. 7–9. JSTOR, http://
    http://www.jstor.org/stable/41331726
  68. "Tennis Pro Favors Abortion", Tucson (Arizona) Daily-Citizen, February 23, 1972, page 16.
  69. "Female tennis stars 'even'", The Idaho Free Press, January 5, 1972, page 12
  70. Billie Jean
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  71. Billie Jean
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  72. For a description of the Dallas tournament in 1972, see the Sports Illustrated article "Shoot-Out at the T Bar M" Archiv
    http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1085895/2/index.htm
  73. After winning the French Open in 1972, King stayed away from the tournament for seven consecutive years and, in fact, pl
  74. "King bows in, on courts", Daily Review, Hayward, California, February 8, 1973, page 30
  75. "'Sweetie' upset for Billie Jean", Oakland Tribune, February 26, 1973, page E27
  76. "Evert Shatters Court, Sets Up American Finals", Abilene (Texas) Reporter-News, July 5, 1973, page 2-C
  77. "A Bloomin' Winner"
    https://vault.si.com/vault/1973/07/16/a-bloomin-winner/
  78. We Have Come a Long Way: The Story of Women's Tennis
    https://archive.org/details/wehavecomelongwa00king/page/144
  79. Bud Collins' Modern Encyclopedia of Tennis
    https://archive.org/details/budcollinsmodern00coll/page/196
  80. We Have Come a Long Way: The Story of Women's Tennis
    https://archive.org/details/wehavecomelongwa00king/page/145
  81. www.in2013dollars.com
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  82. Everand
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  83. "Billie Jean Won for All Women"
    https://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00016060.html
  84. Particular Passions: Billie Jean King
    http://particularpassions.com/Excerpts.htm
  85. "Billie Jean Dumps Evert at Sarasota", Daily Times-News, Burlington, North Carolina, January 20, 1975, page 5B
  86. "Mrs. Billie Jean King!"
    https://vault.si.com/vault/1975/05/19/mrs-billie-jean-king/
  87. "Cool Chris Edges Angry Billie Jean", Star-News, Pasadena, California, April 21, 1975, page B-2
  88. Billie Jean
    https://archive.org/details/billiejean00king/page/95
  89. Billie Jean King: Tennis Trailblazer
    https://archive.org/details/billiejeankingte00lann/page/99
  90. Play Better Tennis: With Billie Jean King and Reginald Brace
  91. "Billie Jean Undergoes Knee Surgery", Tyrone (Pennsylvania) Daily Herald, November 10, 1976, page 12
  92. "King Will Resume Singles Competition", The Pocono Record, Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, January 20, 1977, page 14
  93. "King to Command McFarlin Spotlight", San Antonio Light, March 21, 1977, page 1-B
  94. "Billie Jean King returns to tennis action", The Independent Record, Helena, Montana, March 23, 1977, page 10.
  95. "Gals Continue to Snap at King", San Antonio Light, March 25, 1977, page 4-E
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  97. The Gazette
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  105. "U.S. wins Federation Cup opener", European Stars and Stripes, November 29, 1978, page 28
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  110. The New York Times
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  207. The New York Times
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  208. Ware, S. (2015). Game, set, match: Billie Jean King and the revolution in women's sports. Chapel Hill: The University Of
  209. UPI
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  211. All In
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