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Baltic states

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Baltic states

The Baltic states or the Baltic countries is a geopolitical term encompassing Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. All three countries are members of NATO, the European Union, the Eurozone, and the OECD. The three sovereign states on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea are sometimes referred to as the "Baltic nations", less often and in historical circumstances also as the "Baltic republics", the "Baltic lands", or simply the Baltics. All three Baltic countries are classified as high-income economies by the World Bank and maintain a very high Human Development Index. The three governments engage in intergovernmental and parliamentary cooperation. There is also frequent cooperation in foreign and security policy, defence, energy, and transportation.

Infobox

Countries
Estonia (blue) Latvia (maroon) Lithuania (gold)
Time zones
UTC 02:00 (EET) UTC 03:00 (EEST)

Tables

· General statistics
Coat of arms
Coat of arms
Col 1
Coat of arms
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
Total
Flag
Flag
Col 1
Flag
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
Total
Capital
Capital
Col 1
Capital
Estonia
Tallinn
Latvia
Riga
Lithuania
Vilnius
Total
Statehood
Statehood
Col 1
Statehood
Estonia
24 February 1918 Restored 20 August 1991
Latvia
18 November 1918 Restored 21 August 1991
Lithuania
Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1795 16 February 1918 Restored 11 March 1990
Total
Political system
Political system
Col 1
Political system
Estonia
Parliamentary republic
Latvia
Parliamentary republic
Lithuania
Semi-presidential republic
Total
Parliament
Parliament
Col 1
Parliament
Estonia
Riigikogu
Latvia
Saeima
Lithuania
Seimas
Total
Current President
Current President
Col 1
Current President
Estonia
Alar Karis
Latvia
Edgars Rinkēvičs
Lithuania
Gitanas Nausėda
Total
Current Prime Minister
Current Prime Minister
Col 1
Current Prime Minister
Estonia
Kristen Michal
Latvia
Evika Siliņa
Lithuania
Inga Ruginienė
Total
Largest urban area
Largest urban area
Col 1
Largest urban area
Estonia
Tallinn (638,076)
Latvia
Riga (927,953)
Lithuania
Vilnius (747,864)
Total
Population (2025)
Population (2025)
Col 1
Population (2025)
Estonia
1,369,285
Latvia
1,832,900
Lithuania
2,891,000
Total
6,093,185
Area
Area
Col 1
Area
Estonia
45,339 km2 = 17,505 sq mi
Latvia
64,589 km2 = 24,938 sq mi
Lithuania
65,300 km2 = 25,212 sq mi
Total
175,228 km2 = 67,656 sq mi
Density
Density
Col 1
Density
Estonia
30/km2 = 80/sq mi
Latvia
29/km2 = 76/sq mi
Lithuania
44/km2 = 110/sq mi
Total
35/km2 = 88/sq mi
Water area %
Water area %
Col 1
Water area %
Estonia
4.56%
Latvia
1.5%
Lithuania
1.35%
Total
2.47%
GDP (nominal) total (2024)
GDP (nominal) total (2024)
Col 1
GDP (nominal) total (2024)
Estonia
€39.510 billion
Latvia
€40.208 billion
Lithuania
€77.940 billion
Total
€157.658 billion
GDP (nominal) per capita (2024)
GDP (nominal) per capita (2024)
Col 1
GDP (nominal) per capita (2024)
Estonia
€28,740
Latvia
€21,610
Lithuania
€26,990
Total
Military budget (2025)
Military budget (2025)
Col 1
Military budget (2025)
Estonia
€1.3 billion
Latvia
€1.6 billion
Lithuania
€3.2 billion
Total
€6.1 billion
Gini Index (2020)
Gini Index (2020)
Col 1
Gini Index (2020)
Estonia
30.5
Latvia
34.5
Lithuania
35.1
Total
HDI (2023)
HDI (2023)
Col 1
HDI (2023)
Estonia
0.905 (Very High)
Latvia
0.889 (Very High)
Lithuania
0.895 (Very High)
Total
Very High
Internet TLD
Internet TLD
Col 1
Internet TLD
Estonia
ee
Latvia
lv
Lithuania
lt
Total
Calling code
Calling code
Col 1
Calling code
Estonia
+372
Latvia
+371
Lithuania
+370
Total
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
Total
Coat of arms
Flag
Capital
Tallinn
Riga
Vilnius
Statehood
24 February 1918 Restored 20 August 1991
18 November 1918 Restored 21 August 1991
Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1795 16 February 1918 Restored 11 March 1990
Political system
Parliamentary republic
Parliamentary republic
Semi-presidential republic
Parliament
Riigikogu
Saeima
Seimas
Current President
Alar Karis
Edgars Rinkēvičs
Gitanas Nausėda
Current Prime Minister
Kristen Michal
Evika Siliņa
Inga Ruginienė
Largest urban area
Tallinn (638,076)
Riga (927,953)
Vilnius (747,864)
Population (2025)
1,369,285
1,832,900
2,891,000
6,093,185
Area
45,339 km2 = 17,505 sq mi
64,589 km2 = 24,938 sq mi
65,300 km2 = 25,212 sq mi
175,228 km2 = 67,656 sq mi
Density
30/km2 = 80/sq mi
29/km2 = 76/sq mi
44/km2 = 110/sq mi
35/km2 = 88/sq mi
Water area %
4.56%
1.5%
1.35%
2.47%
GDP (nominal) total (2024)
billion
billion
billion
billion
GDP (nominal) per capita (2024)
€28,740
€21,610
€26,990
Military budget (2025)
billion
billion
billion
billion
Gini Index (2020)
30.5
34.5
35.1
HDI (2023)
Very High)
Very High)
Very High)
Very High
Internet TLD
ee
lv
lt
Calling code
+372
+371
+370

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