BRICS is an intergovernmental organization comprising ten countries: Brazil, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Russia, South Africa and the United Arab Emirates. Its conceptual origins were articulated by Russian foreign minister Yevgeny Primakov in 1998, and can be traced to informal forums and dialogue groups such as RIC (Russia, India, and China) and IBSA (India, Brazil, and South Africa). BRIC was originally a term coined by British economist Jim O'Neill, and later championed by his employer Goldman Sachs in 2001, to designate a group of emerging markets.
The bloc's inaugural summit was held in 2009 and featured the founding countries of Brazil, Russia, India, and China; they adopted the acronym BRIC and formed an informal diplomatic club where their governments could meet annually at formal summits and coordinate multilateral policies. South Africa joined the organization in September 2010, which was then renamed BRICS, and attended the third summit in 2011 as a full member. Iran, Egypt, Ethiopia, and the United Arab Emirates attended their first summit as member states in 2024 in Russia. Indonesia officially joined in early 2025, becoming the first Southeast Asian member. The acronym BRICS+ or BRICS Plus has been informally used to reflect new membership since 2024.
Collectively, BRICS comprises more than a quarter of the global economy and nearly half the world's population. BRICS has implemented initiatives that could reform the global financial system, such as the New Development Bank, the BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement, BRICS PAY and the BRICS Joint Statistical Publication. BRICS has also advanced de-dollarization to reduce the use of the U.S. dollar as reserve currency. In its first 15 years, BRICS has established almost 60 intragroup institutions and an extensive network including think tanks and dialogues. Nevertheless, BRICS member states remain deeply involved in the liberal international order: for example, the original five members and Indonesia are also part of the G20.
Some Western commentators consider BRICS the alternative to the G7, and a major political force in the global international order. Others describe it as an incoherent affiliation of disparate countries centered on increasing anti-Western and anti-American objectives. BRICS has received both praise and criticism from numerous commentators and world leaders.
Infobox
Named after
First five member states' initials in English
Predecessor
2024 BRICS Summit, Russia
Successor
2025 BRICS Summit, Brazil
Formation
mw- 16 June 2009; 16 years ago (2009-06-16)
Founded at
Yekaterinburg, Russia(1st BRIC summit)
Type
Intergovernmental organization
Purpose
Political and economical
Fields
International politics
Membership
Brazil China Egypt Ethiopia India Indonesia Iran Russia South Africa United Arab Emirates
Chairman (incumbent)
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil
Formerly called
BRIC
Tables
· Statistics
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
Parameter
Parameter
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
Parameter
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
BRICS
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
G7
No. of countries
No. of countries
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
No. of countries
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
5
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
7
Area (km2)
Area (km2)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
Area (km2)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
39.7 million
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
21.7 million
Population
Population
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
Population
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
3.3 billion
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
0.8 billion
Population Density (people/km2)
Population Density (people/km2)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
Population Density (people/km2)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
83
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
37
HDI
HDI
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
HDI
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
0.734
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
0.92
GDP Growth Rate
GDP Growth Rate
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
GDP Growth Rate
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
4 to 5%
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
1.5 to 2%
Nominal GDP (USD)
Nominal GDP (USD)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
Nominal GDP (USD)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
26.7 trillion
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
45.3 trillion
GDP PPP (USD)
GDP PPP (USD)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
GDP PPP (USD)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
51.6 trillion
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
48 trillion
Exports (USD)
Exports (USD)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
Exports (USD)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
5.5 trillion
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
6.7 trillion
Imports (USD)
Imports (USD)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
Imports (USD)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
4.8 trillion
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
8.5 trillion
Military expenditures (USD)
Military expenditures (USD)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
Military expenditures (USD)
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
0.48 trillion
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
1.20 trillion
Ranked list
Comparison between BRICS and G7 Countries as of 2024
Parameter
BRICS
G7
No. of countries
5
7
Area (km2)
million
million
Population
billion
billion
Population Density (people/km2)
83
37
HDI
0.734
0.92
GDP Growth Rate
4 to 5%
1.5 to 2%
Nominal GDP (USD)
trillion
trillion
GDP PPP (USD)
trillion
48 trillion
Exports (USD)
trillion
trillion
Imports (USD)
trillion
trillion
Military expenditures (USD)
trillion
trillion
The top 15 largest economies in the world (GDP nominal from 1990 to 2030 in billions USD)[118][119]· Statistics › Comparison of G7 and BRICS countries in GDP (nominal) (1990 – 2030)
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
United States
United States
Country
United States
1990
5,963
Country
United States
2000
10,250
Country
United States
2010
15,048
Country
United States
2020
21,354
Country
United States
2030
37,153
Japan
Japan
Country
Japan
1990
3,185
Country
Japan
2000
4,968
Country
China
2010
6,138
Country
China
2020
15,103
Country
China
2030
25,827
Germany
Germany
Country
Germany
1990
1,604
Country
Germany
2000
1,967
Country
Japan
2010
5,759
Country
Japan
2020
5,054
Country
India
2030
6,769
France
France
Country
France
1990
1,260
Country
United Kingdom
2000
1,668
Country
Germany
2010
3,470
Country
Germany
2020
3,936
Country
Germany
2030
5,575
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Country
United Kingdom
1990
1,197
Country
France
2000
1,361
Country
France
2010
2,648
Country
United Kingdom
2020
2,698
Country
Japan
2030
4,994
Italy
Italy
Country
Italy
1990
1,164
Country
China
2000
1,220
Country
United Kingdom
2010
2,487
Country
India
2020
2,674
Country
United Kingdom
2030
4,955
Canada
Canada
Country
Canada
1990
596
Country
Italy
2000
1,150
Country
Brazil
2010
2,208
Country
France
2020
2,645
Country
France
2030
3,754
Iran
Iran
Country
Iran
1990
581
Country
Canada
2000
744
Country
Italy
2010
2,146
Country
Italy
2020
1,905
Country
Canada
2030
2,792
Spain
Spain
Country
Spain
1990
536
Country
Mexico
2000
742
Country
India
2010
1,675
Country
South Korea
2020
1,744
Country
Italy
2030
2,779
Brazil
Brazil
Country
Brazil
1990
455
Country
Brazil
2000
655
Country
Russia
2010
1,633
Country
Canada
2020
1,655
Country
Brazil
2030
2,679
China
China
Country
China
1990
397
Country
Spain
2000
598
Country
Canada
2010
1,617
Country
Russia
2020
1,488
Country
Russia
2030
2,384
Australia
Australia
Country
Australia
1990
324
Country
South Korea
2000
597
Country
Spain
2010
1,429
Country
Brazil
2020
1,476
Country
Spain
2030
2,201
Netherlands
Netherlands
Country
Netherlands
1990
321
Country
India
2000
468
Country
Australia
2010
1,254
Country
Australia
2020
1,362
Country
Australia
2030
2,181
India
India
Country
India
1990
320
Country
Netherlands
2000
417
Country
South Korea
2010
1,192
Country
Spain
2020
1,288
Country
Mexico
2030
2,151
Mexico
Mexico
Country
Mexico
1990
307
Country
Australia
2000
400
Country
Mexico
2010
1,105
Country
Mexico
2020
1,121
Country
South Korea
2030
2,149
Ranked list
Country
1990
Country
2000
Country
2010
Country
2020
Country
2030
United States
5,963
United States
10,250
United States
15,048
United States
21,354
United States
37,153
Japan
3,185
Japan
4,968
China
6,138
China
15,103
China
25,827
Germany
1,604
Germany
1,967
Japan
5,759
Japan
5,054
India
6,769
France
1,260
United Kingdom
1,668
Germany
3,470
Germany
3,936
Germany
5,575
United Kingdom
1,197
France
1,361
France
2,648
United Kingdom
2,698
Japan
4,994
Italy
1,164
China
1,220
United Kingdom
2,487
India
2,674
United Kingdom
4,955
Canada
596
Italy
1,150
Brazil
2,208
France
2,645
France
3,754
Iran
581
Canada
744
Italy
2,146
Italy
1,905
Canada
2,792
Spain
536
Mexico
742
India
1,675
South Korea
1,744
Italy
2,779
Brazil
455
Brazil
655
Russia
1,633
Canada
1,655
Brazil
2,679
China
397
Spain
598
Canada
1,617
Russia
1,488
Russia
2,384
Australia
324
South Korea
597
Spain
1,429
Brazil
1,476
Spain
2,201
Netherlands
321
India
468
Australia
1,254
Australia
1,362
Australia
2,181
India
320
Netherlands
417
South Korea
1,192
Spain
1,288
Mexico
2,151
Mexico
307
Australia
400
Mexico
1,105
Mexico
1,121
South Korea
2,149
· Leaders' summits
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
1st
1st
No.
1st
Dates
16 June 2009
Host country
Russia
Host leader
Dmitry Medvedev
Location
Yekaterinburg
Notes
The summit was to discuss the global recession taking place at the time, future cooperation among states, and trade. Some of the specific topics discussed were food, trade, climate trade, and security for the members. They called out for a more influential voice and representation for up-and-coming markets. Note at the time South Africa was not yet admitted to the BRICS organization.
Declaration
Joint Statement
2nd
2nd
No.
2nd
Dates
15 April 2010
Host country
Brazil
Host leader
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
Location
Brasília
Notes
The second summit continued on the conversation of the global recession and how to recover. They had a conversation on the IMF, climate change, and more ways to form cooperation among states. Guests: Jacob Zuma (former President of South Africa) and Riyad al-Maliki (Foreign Minister of the Palestinian National Authority).
Declaration
Joint Statement
3rd
3rd
No.
3rd
Dates
14 April 2011
Host country
China
Host leader
Hu Jintao
Location
Sanya
Notes
First summit to include South Africa alongside the original BRIC countries. The third summit had members debating on the global and internal economies of countries.
Declaration
Sanya Declaration
4th
4th
No.
4th
Dates
29 March 2012
Host country
India
Host leader
Manmohan Singh
Location
New Delhi
Notes
The fourth summit discussed how the organization could prosper from the global recession and how they could take advantage of that to help their economies. BRICS had the intention of improving their global power and providing adequate development for their state. The BRICS Cable announced; an optical fibre submarine communications cable system that carries telecommunications between the BRICS countries.
Declaration
Delhi Declaration
5th
5th
No.
5th
Dates
26–27 March 2013
Host country
South Africa
Host leader
Jacob Zuma
Location
Durban
Notes
The fifth summit discusses the New Development Bank proposition and Contingent Reserve Agreement. BRICS also announced the Business Council and its Think Tank Council.
Declaration
eThekwini Declaration and Action Plan
6th
6th
No.
6th
Dates
14–17 July 2014
Host country
Brazil
Host leader
Dilma Rousseff
Location
Fortaleza
Notes
BRICS New Development Bank and BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement agreements signed. The members of BRICS conversed with each other about political coordination, development, and economic growth.
Declaration
Fortaleza Declaration and Action Plan
7th
7th
No.
7th
Dates
8–9 July 2015
Host country
Russia
Host leader
Vladimir Putin
Location
Ufa
Notes
Joint summit with SCO-EAEU. The seventh summit discussed global political and economic problems and better ways to foster cooperation among member states.
Declaration
Ufa Declaration
8th
8th
No.
8th
Dates
15–16 October 2016
Host country
India
Host leader
Narendra Modi
Location
Benaulim, Goa
Notes
Joint summit with BIMSTEC. The eighth BRICS summit debated on topics like counterterrorism, economies, and climate change. BRICS also issued the Goa Declaration and Action Plan, hoping to harden their relationships.
Declaration
Goa Declaration
9th
9th
No.
9th
Dates
3–5 September 2017
Host country
China
Host leader
Xi Jinping
Location
Xiamen
Notes
Joint summit with EMDCD. The ninth summit was an event that talked about a bright future for BRICS and what their intended goals were. They also covered and debated international and regional issues with one another.
Declaration
Xiamen Declaration
10th
10th
No.
10th
Dates
25–27 July 2018
Host country
South Africa
Host leader
Cyril Ramaphosa
Location
Johannesburg
Notes
The tenth summit had the members discuss their rising industries in the hopes that they can cut a bigger slice of the industry market.
Declaration
Johannesburg Declaration
11th
11th
No.
11th
Dates
13–14 November 2019
Host country
Brazil
Host leader
Jair Bolsonaro
Location
Brasília
Notes
The theme of the 11th BRICS summit was "BRICS: economic growth for an innovative Future". The summit discussed advancements in the BRICS's science and innovation fields. Primarily trying to advance technology and digital currency. They made mutual agreements to help stop drug trafficking and organized crime; both internationally and internally.
Declaration
Brasilía Declaration
12th
12th
No.
12th
Dates
21–23 July 2020 (postponed due to COVID-19 pandemic) 17 November 2020 (video conference)
Host country
Russia
Host leader
Vladimir Putin
Location
Saint Petersburg
Notes
Joint summit with SCO. Discussing a mutual agreement on helping BRICS member countries to foster better living standards and quality of life for each country's people. Plans on focusing on peace, economies, and cultural societal issues.
Declaration
Moscow Declaration
13th
13th
No.
13th
Dates
9 September 2021 (video conference)
Host country
India
Host leader
Narendra Modi
Location
New Delhi
Notes
Over 150 events and meetings were concluded during the year. These included the Leaders' Summit, the meeting of the Foreign Ministers, the meeting of the National Security Advisers and a total of close to 20 other Ministerial meetings including Finance, Trade, Industry, Agriculture, Energy.
Declaration
New Delhi Declaration
14th
14th
No.
14th
Dates
23 June 2022 (video conference)
Host country
China
Host leader
Xi Jinping
Location
Beijing
Notes
A major development on the summit was the creation of a new, basket type reserve currency. The currency, which is challenging the US dollar, combines BRICS currencies and is backed by precious metals.
Declaration
Beijing Declaration
15th
15th
No.
15th
Dates
22–24 August 2023
Host country
South Africa
Host leader
Cyril Ramaphosa
Location
Johannesburg
Notes
Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates were invited to join the bloc. Full membership was scheduled to take effect on 1 January 2024. On 29 December 2023, the Government of Argentina sent a letter to all BRICS leaders officially declining the invitation to join the bloc. Saudi Arabia has not yet confirmed its acceptance.
Declaration
Johannesburg II Declaration
16th
16th
No.
16th
Dates
22–24 October 2024
Host country
Russia
Host leader
Vladimir Putin
Location
Kazan
Notes
Delegations from 35 countries and six international organisations participated. Attendance included 22 heads of state or government and UN Secretary-General. Discussions on membership and a new payments system aside, there were over 200 side meetings spread out through 2024. It was the first summit that Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates attended as member states.
Declaration
Kazan Declaration
17th
17th
No.
17th
Dates
6–7 July 2025
Host country
Brazil
Host leader
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
Location
Rio de Janeiro
Notes
It was the first meeting with Indonesia as a member state. The summit released a declaration on the importance of artificial intelligence regulation. Prior to the leader's meeting, the group released a statement denouncing trade protectionism in the context of the second Trump administration's global tariffs.
Declaration
Rio Declaration
18th
18th
No.
18th
Dates
2026
Host country
India
Host leader
Narendra Modi
Location
TBD
Ranked list
No.
Dates
Host country
Host leader
Location
Notes
Declaration
1st
16 June 2009
Russia
Dmitry Medvedev
Yekaterinburg
The summit was to discuss the global recession taking place at the time, future cooperation among states, and trade. Some of the specific topics discussed were food, trade, climate trade, and security for the members. They called out for a more influential voice and representation for up-and-coming markets. Note at the time South Africa was not yet admitted to the BRICS organization.
Joint Statement
2nd
15 April 2010
Brazil
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
Brasília
The second summit continued on the conversation of the global recession and how to recover. They had a conversation on the IMF, climate change, and more ways to form cooperation among states. Guests: Jacob Zuma (former President of South Africa) and Riyad al-Maliki (Foreign Minister of the Palestinian National Authority).
Joint Statement
3rd
14 April 2011
China
Hu Jintao
Sanya
First summit to include South Africa alongside the original BRIC countries. The third summit had members debating on the global and internal economies of countries.
Sanya Declaration
4th
29 March 2012
India
Manmohan Singh
New Delhi
The fourth summit discussed how the organization could prosper from the global recession and how they could take advantage of that to help their economies. BRICS had the intention of improving their global power and providing adequate development for their state. The BRICS Cable announced; an optical fibre submarine communications cable system that carries telecommunications between the BRICS countries.
Delhi Declaration
5th
26–27 March 2013
South Africa
Jacob Zuma
Durban
The fifth summit discusses the New Development Bank proposition and Contingent Reserve Agreement. BRICS also announced the Business Council and its Think Tank Council.
eThekwini Declaration and Action Plan
6th
14–17 July 2014
Brazil
Dilma Rousseff
Fortaleza
BRICS New Development Bank and BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement agreements signed. The members of BRICS conversed with each other about political coordination, development, and economic growth.
Fortaleza Declaration and Action Plan
7th
8–9 July 2015
Russia
Vladimir Putin
Ufa
Joint summit with SCO-EAEU. The seventh summit discussed global political and economic problems and better ways to foster cooperation among member states.
Ufa Declaration
8th
15–16 October 2016
India
Narendra Modi
Benaulim, Goa
Joint summit with BIMSTEC. The eighth BRICS summit debated on topics like counterterrorism, economies, and climate change. BRICS also issued the Goa Declaration and Action Plan, hoping to harden their relationships.
Goa Declaration
9th
3–5 September 2017
China
Xi Jinping
Xiamen
Joint summit with EMDCD. The ninth summit was an event that talked about a bright future for BRICS and what their intended goals were. They also covered and debated international and regional issues with one another.
Xiamen Declaration
10th
25–27 July 2018
South Africa
Cyril Ramaphosa
Johannesburg
The tenth summit had the members discuss their rising industries in the hopes that they can cut a bigger slice of the industry market.
Johannesburg Declaration
11th
13–14 November 2019
Brazil
Jair Bolsonaro
Brasília
The theme of the 11th BRICS summit was "BRICS: economic growth for an innovative Future". The summit discussed advancements in the BRICS's science and innovation fields. Primarily trying to advance technology and digital currency. They made mutual agreements to help stop drug trafficking and organized crime; both internationally and internally.
Brasilía Declaration
12th
21–23 July 2020 (postponed due to COVID-19 pandemic) 17 November 2020 (video conference)
Russia
Vladimir Putin
Saint Petersburg
Joint summit with SCO. Discussing a mutual agreement on helping BRICS member countries to foster better living standards and quality of life for each country's people. Plans on focusing on peace, economies, and cultural societal issues.
Moscow Declaration
13th
9 September 2021 (video conference)
India
Narendra Modi
New Delhi
Over 150 events and meetings were concluded during the year. These included the Leaders' Summit, the meeting of the Foreign Ministers, the meeting of the National Security Advisers and a total of close to 20 other Ministerial meetings including Finance, Trade, Industry, Agriculture, Energy.
New Delhi Declaration
14th
23 June 2022 (video conference)
China
Xi Jinping
Beijing
A major development on the summit was the creation of a new, basket type reserve currency. The currency, which is challenging the US dollar, combines BRICS currencies and is backed by precious metals.
Beijing Declaration
15th
22–24 August 2023
South Africa
Cyril Ramaphosa
Johannesburg
Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates were invited to join the bloc. Full membership was scheduled to take effect on 1 January 2024. On 29 December 2023, the Government of Argentina sent a letter to all BRICS leaders officially declining the invitation to join the bloc. Saudi Arabia has not yet confirmed its acceptance.
Johannesburg II Declaration
16th
22–24 October 2024
Russia
Vladimir Putin
Kazan
Delegations from 35 countries and six international organisations participated. Attendance included 22 heads of state or government and UN Secretary-General. Discussions on membership and a new payments system aside, there were over 200 side meetings spread out through 2024. It was the first summit that Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates attended as member states.
Kazan Declaration
17th
6–7 July 2025
Brazil
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
Rio de Janeiro
It was the first meeting with Indonesia as a member state. The summit released a declaration on the importance of artificial intelligence regulation. Prior to the leader's meeting, the group released a statement denouncing trade protectionism in the context of the second Trump administration's global tariffs.
Rio Declaration
18th
2026
India
Narendra Modi
TBD
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
BrazilFederative Republic of Brazil
BrazilFederative Republic of Brazil
Country
BrazilFederative Republic of Brazil
Capital
Brasília
Area(km2)
8,515,767
Population(2025)
213,583,750
Density(/km2)
23.8
GDP per cap.(PPP)
23,239
HDI
0.786
Currency
Brazilian real (R$) (BRL)
Official languages
Portuguese also see Languages of Brazil
Accession
16 June 2009 (Informally, September 2006)
RussiaRussian Federation
RussiaRussian Federation
Country
RussiaRussian Federation
Capital
Moscow
Area(km2)
17,075,400
Population(2025)
146,028,325
Density(/km2)
8.4
GDP per cap.(PPP)
49,383
HDI
0.832
Currency
Russian rouble (₽) (RUB)
Official languages
Russian also see Languages of Russia
IndiaRepublic of India
IndiaRepublic of India
Country
IndiaRepublic of India
Capital
New Delhi
Area(km2)
3,287,240
Population(2025)
1,417,492,000
Density(/km2)
430.7
GDP per cap.(PPP)
12,132
HDI
0.685
Currency
Indian rupee (₹) (INR)
Official languages
Hindi (Devanagari script)EnglishAlso see Languages of India
ChinaPeople's Republic of China
ChinaPeople's Republic of China
Country
ChinaPeople's Republic of China
Capital
Beijing
Area(km2)
9,640,011
Population(2025)
1,408,280,000
Density(/km2)
147
GDP per cap.(PPP)
28,978
HDI
0.797
Currency
Renminbi (Chinese yuan, ¥)(CNY)
Official languages
Standard Chinese written in simplified characterssee also languages of China
South AfricaRepublic of South Africa
South AfricaRepublic of South Africa
Country
South AfricaRepublic of South Africa
Capital
Pretoria (executive)Cape Town (legislative)Bloemfontein (judicial)
Area(km2)
1,221,037
Population(2025)
63,100,945
Density(/km2)
50.8
GDP per cap.(PPP)
15,989
HDI
0.741
Currency
South African rand (R) (ZAR)
Official languages
12 languages
Accession
24 December 2010
Egypt Arab Republic of Egypt
Egypt Arab Republic of Egypt
Country
Egypt Arab Republic of Egypt
Capital
Cairo
Area(km2)
1,010,408
Population(2025)
107,271,260
Density(/km2)
108.32
GDP per cap.(PPP)
21,668
HDI
0.754
Currency
Egyptian pound (LE)(EGP)
Official languages
Arabic
Accession
1 January 2024
Ethiopia Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Ethiopia Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Country
Ethiopia Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Capital
Addis Ababa
Area(km2)
1,104,300
Population(2025)
109,499,000
Density(/km2)
92.7
GDP per cap.(PPP)
4,398
HDI
0.497
Currency
Ethiopian birr (Br)(ETB)
Official languages
AfarAmharicOromoSomaliTigrinya
Iran Islamic Republic of Iran
Iran Islamic Republic of Iran
Country
Iran Islamic Republic of Iran
Capital
Tehran
Area(km2)
1,648,195
Population(2025)
92,417,681
Density(/km2)
52
GDP per cap.(PPP)
19,957
HDI
0.799
Currency
Iranian rial (Rl) (IRR)
Official languages
Persian
United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates
Country
United Arab Emirates
Capital
Abu Dhabi
Area(km2)
83,600
Population(2025)
11,027,129
Density(/km2)
132[Figuresdon'tbalance]
GDP per cap.(PPP)
81,676
HDI
0.940
Currency
UAE dirham (Dh) (AED)
Official languages
Arabic
Indonesia Republic of Indonesia
Indonesia Republic of Indonesia
Country
Indonesia Republic of Indonesia
Capital
Jakarta
Area(km2)
1,904,569
Population(2025)
284,438,782
Density(/km2)
143
GDP per cap.(PPP)
17,612
HDI
0.728
Currency
Indonesian rupiah (Rp) (IDR)
Official languages
Indonesian
Accession
6 January 2025
Ranked list
Country
Capital
Area(km2)
Population(2025)
Density(/km2)
GDP per cap.(PPP)
HDI
Currency
Official languages
Accession
BrazilFederative Republic of Brazil
Brasília
8,515,767
213,583,750
23.8
23,239
0.786
Brazilian real (R$) (BRL)
Portuguese also see Languages of Brazil
16 June 2009 (Informally, September 2006)
RussiaRussian Federation
Moscow
17,075,400
146,028,325
8.4
49,383
0.832
Russian rouble (₽) (RUB)
Russian also see Languages of Russia
IndiaRepublic of India
New Delhi
3,287,240
1,417,492,000
430.7
12,132
0.685
Indian rupee (₹) (INR)
Hindi (Devanagari script)EnglishAlso see Languages of India
ChinaPeople's Republic of China
Beijing
9,640,011
1,408,280,000
147
28,978
0.797
Renminbi (Chinese yuan, ¥)(CNY)
Standard Chinese written in simplified characterssee also languages of China
South AfricaRepublic of South Africa
Pretoria (executive)Cape Town (legislative)Bloemfontein (judicial)
1,221,037
63,100,945
50.8
15,989
0.741
South African rand (R) (ZAR)
12 languages
24 December 2010
Egypt Arab Republic of Egypt
Cairo
1,010,408
107,271,260
108.32
21,668
0.754
Egyptian pound (LE)(EGP)
Arabic
1 January 2024
Ethiopia Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Addis Ababa
1,104,300
109,499,000
92.7
4,398
0.497
Ethiopian birr (Br)(ETB)
AfarAmharicOromoSomaliTigrinya
Iran Islamic Republic of Iran
Tehran
1,648,195
92,417,681
52
19,957
0.799
Iranian rial (Rl) (IRR)
Persian
United Arab Emirates
Abu Dhabi
83,600
11,027,129
132[Figuresdon'tbalance]
81,676
0.940
UAE dirham (Dh) (AED)
Arabic
Indonesia Republic of Indonesia
Jakarta
1,904,569
284,438,782
143
17,612
0.728
Indonesian rupiah (Rp) (IDR)
Indonesian
6 January 2025
References
The actual area under PRC control is 9,596,960.[citation needed]
The General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party is the top position in China, which is a one-party communist state.
The Supreme Leader is the top position in Iran, which is a theocratic Islamic republic.
