Arthur Robert Ashe Jr. (July 10, 1943 – February 6, 1993) was an American professional tennis player. He won three Grand Slam titles in singles and two in doubles. Ashe was the first Black player selected to the United States Davis Cup team, and the only Black man ever to win the singles titles at Wimbledon, the US Open, and the Australian Open. He retired in 1980.
Ashe was ranked world No. 1 by Rex Bellamy, Bud Collins, Judith Elian, Lance Tingay, World Tennis and Tennis Magazine (U.S.) in 1975. That year, Ashe was awarded the 'Martini and Rossi' Award, voted for by a panel of journalists, and the ATP Player of the Year award. In the ATP computer rankings, he peaked at world No. 2 in May 1976.
Ashe is believed to have acquired HIV from a blood transfusion he received during heart bypass surgery in 1983. He publicly announced his illness in April 1992, and began working to educate others about HIV and AIDS. He founded the Arthur Ashe Foundation for the Defeat of AIDS and the Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health before his death from AIDS-related pneumonia at the age of 49 on February 6, 1993. On June 20, 1993, he was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by United States President Bill Clinton. The Arthur Ashe Stadium, the main court for the US Open and the largest tennis arena in the world, is named in his honor.
Infobox
Country (sports)
United States
Born
(1943-07-10)July 10, 1943Richmond, Virginia, US
Died
February 6, 1993(1993-02-06) (aged 49)New York, New York, US
Height
6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)
Turned pro
1969 (amateur tour from 1959)
Retired
1980
Plays
Right-handed (one-handed backhand)
Prize money
$1,584,909 (ATP)
Int. Tennis HoF
1985 (member page)
Career record
323–176[a]
Career titles
18 (14 Grand Prix and WCT titles)
Highest ranking
No. 15 (August 30, 1977)
Australian Open
W (1977)
French Open
W (1971)
Wimbledon
F (1971)
US Open
F (1968)
Tour Finals
F (1978)
WCT Finals
W (1975)
Davis Cup
W (1963, 1968, 1969, 1970)
Tables
· Grand Slam finals › Singles: 7 finals (3 titles, 4 runner-ups)
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
Loss
Loss
Result
Loss
Year
1966
Championship
Australian Open
Opponent
Roy Emerson
Score
4–6, 8–6, 2–6, 3–6
Loss
Loss
Result
Loss
Year
1967
Championship
Australian Open
Opponent
Roy Emerson
Score
4–6, 1–6, 4–6
↓ Open Era ↓
↓ Open Era ↓
Result
↓ Open Era ↓
Win
Win
Result
Win
Year
1968
Championship
US Open
Opponent
Tom Okker
Score
14–12, 5–7, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3
Win
Win
Result
Win
Year
1970
Championship
Australian Open
Opponent
Dick Crealy
Score
6–4, 9–7, 6–2
Loss
Loss
Result
Loss
Year
1971
Championship
Australian Open
Opponent
Ken Rosewall
Score
1–6, 5–7, 3–6
Loss
Loss
Result
Loss
Year
1972
Championship
US Open
Opponent
Ilie Năstase
Score
6–3, 3–6, 7–6, 4–6, 3–6
Win
Win
Result
Win
Year
1975
Championship
Wimbledon
Opponent
Jimmy Connors
Score
6–1, 6–1, 5–7, 6–4
Ranked list
Result
Year
Championship
Surface
Opponent
Score
Loss
1966
Australian Open
Grass
Roy Emerson
4–6, 8–6, 2–6, 3–6
Loss
1967
Australian Open
Grass
Roy Emerson
4–6, 1–6, 4–6
↓ Open Era ↓
Win
1968
US Open
Grass
Tom Okker
14–12, 5–7, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3
Win
1970
Australian Open
Grass
Dick Crealy
6–4, 9–7, 6–2
Loss
1971
Australian Open
Grass
Ken Rosewall
1–6, 5–7, 3–6
Loss
1972
US Open
Grass
Ilie Năstase
6–3, 3–6, 7–6, 4–6, 3–6
Win
1975
Wimbledon
Grass
Jimmy Connors
6–1, 6–1, 5–7, 6–4
· Grand Slam finals › Doubles: 5 finals (2 titles, 3 runners-up)
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
Loss
Loss
Result
Loss
Year
1968
Championship
US Open
Partner
Andrés Gimeno
Opponents
Robert Lutz Stan Smith
Score
9–11, 1–6, 5–7
Loss
Loss
Result
Loss
Year
1970
Championship
French Open
Partner
Charlie Pasarell
Opponents
Ilie Năstase Ion Țiriac
Score
2–6, 4–6, 3–6
Win
Win
Result
Win
Year
1971
Championship
French Open
Partner
Marty Riessen
Opponents
Tom Gorman Stan Smith
Score
6–8, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 11–9
Loss
Loss
Result
Loss
Year
1971
Championship
Wimbledon
Partner
Dennis Ralston
Opponents
Roy Emerson Rod Laver
Score
6–4, 7–9, 8–6, 4–6, 4–6
Win
Win
Result
Win
Year
1977(.mw- J)
Championship
Australian Open
Partner
Tony Roche
Opponents
Charlie Pasarell Erik van Dillen
Score
6–4, 6–4
Ranked list
Result
Year
Championship
Surface
Partner
Opponents
Score
Loss
1968
US Open
Grass
Andrés Gimeno
Robert Lutz Stan Smith
9–11, 1–6, 5–7
Loss
1970
French Open
Clay
Charlie Pasarell
Ilie Năstase Ion Țiriac
2–6, 4–6, 3–6
Win
1971
French Open
Clay
Marty Riessen
Tom Gorman Stan Smith
6–8, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 11–9
Loss
1971
Wimbledon
Grass
Dennis Ralston
Roy Emerson Rod Laver
6–4, 7–9, 8–6, 4–6, 4–6
Win
1977(.mw- J)
Australian Open
Grass
Tony Roche
Charlie Pasarell Erik van Dillen
6–4, 6–4
Key· Grand Slam singles performance timeline
W
F
SF
QF
RR
Q#
DNQ
A
NH
· Grand Slam singles performance timeline
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
Australian Open
Australian Open
Tournament
Australian Open
1959
A
1960
A
1961
A
1962
A
1963
A
1964
A
1965
A
1966
F
1967
F
1968
A
1969
A
1970
W
1971
F
1972
A
1973
A
1974
A
1975
A
1976
A
19771
QF
19771
A
1978
SF
1979
A
SR
1 / 6
W–L
25–5
French Open
French Open
Tournament
French Open
1959
A
1960
A
1961
A
1962
A
1963
A
1964
A
1965
A
1966
A
1967
A
1968
A
1969
4R
1970
QF
1971
QF
1972
A
1973
4R
1974
4R
1975
A
1976
4R
19771
A
19771
4R
1978
3R
1979
0 / 8
SR
25–8
Wimbledon
Wimbledon
Tournament
Wimbledon
1959
A
1960
A
1961
A
1962
A
1963
3R
1964
4R
1965
4R
1966
A
1967
A
1968
SF
1969
SF
1970
4R
1971
3R
1972
A
1973
A
1974
3R
1975
W
1976
4R
19771
A
19771
1R
1978
1R
1979
1 / 12
SR
35–11
US Open
US Open
Tournament
US Open
1959
1R
1960
2R
1961
2R
1962
2R
1963
3R
1964
4R
1965
SF
1966
3R
1967
A
1968
W
1969
SF
1970
QF
1971
SF
1972
F
1973
3R
1974
QF
1975
4R
1976
2R
19771
A
19771
4R
1978
A
1979
1 / 18
SR
53–17
Win–loss
Win–loss
Tournament
Win–loss
1959
0–1
1960
1–1
1961
1–1
1962
1–1
1963
4–2
1964
6–2
1965
8–2
1966
7–2
1967
4–1
1968
11–1
1969
13–3
1970
15–3
1971
15–4
1972
6–1
1973
5–2
1974
9–3
1975
10–1
1976
7–3
19771
3–1
19771
10–4
1978
2–2
1979
3 / 44
SR
138–41
Ranked list
Tournament
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
19771
1978
1979
SR
W–L
Australian Open
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
F
F
A
A
W
F
A
A
A
A
A
QF
A
SF
A
1 / 6
25–5
French Open
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
4R
QF
QF
A
4R
4R
A
4R
A
4R
3R
0 / 8
25–8
Wimbledon
A
A
A
A
3R
4R
4R
A
A
SF
SF
4R
3R
A
A
3R
W
4R
A
1R
1R
1 / 12
35–11
US Open
1R
2R
2R
2R
3R
4R
SF
3R
A
W
SF
QF
SF
F
3R
QF
4R
2R
A
4R
A
1 / 18
53–17
Win–loss
0–1
1–1
1–1
1–1
4–2
6–2
8–2
7–2
4–1
11–1
13–3
15–3
15–4
6–1
5–2
9–3
10–1
7–3
3–1
10–4
2–2
3 / 44
138–41
· Singles titles (76)
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
Eastern Clay Court Championships, Hackensack
Eastern Clay Court Championships, Hackensack
No.
1.
Date
Jul 1961
Tournament
Eastern Clay Court Championships, Hackensack
Opponent
Robert M. Baker
Score
6–3, 2–6, 6–3, 4–6, 6–4
American Tennis Association Championships, Hampton
American Tennis Association Championships, Hampton
No.
2.
Date
Aug 1961
Tournament
American Tennis Association Championships, Hampton
Opponent
Wilbur H. Jenkins
Score
6–1, 6–1, 6–3
Ojai Tennis Tournament, Ojai
Ojai Tennis Tournament, Ojai
No.
3.
Date
Apr 1962
Tournament
Ojai Tennis Tournament, Ojai
Opponent
David R. Reed
Score
6–3, 6–2
Detroit Invitational, Detroit
Detroit Invitational, Detroit
No.
4.
Date
Jan 1962
Tournament
Detroit Invitational, Detroit
Opponent
William (Bill) H.Wright
Score
6–2, 6–2
American Tennis Association Championships, Wilberforce
American Tennis Association Championships, Wilberforce
No.
5.
Date
Aug 1962
Tournament
American Tennis Association Championships, Wilberforce