Antipope
Updated: 12/10/2025, 10:21:16 AM Wikipedia source
An antipope (Latin: antipapa) is a person who claims to be Bishop of Rome and leader of the Roman Catholic Church in opposition to the officially elected pope. Between the 3rd and mid-15th centuries, antipopes were supported by factions within the Church itself and secular rulers. While modern claimants to the papacy still take place, they are rarely given serious consideration by either the public or the Church. Sometimes it was difficult to distinguish which of two claimants should be called pope and which antipope, as in the case of Pope Leo VIII and Pope Benedict V.
Tables
· List of historical antipopes
Natalius
Natalius
Pontificate
c. 199 – c. 200
Common English name
Natalius
Regnal (Latin) name
Natalius
Personal name
Natalius
Place of birth
c. 159 Rome, Roman Empire
Age at election/Death or resigned
38 / 48
Years asantipope(days)
1 year, 0 days (365)
Notes
Later reconciled (see above)
In opposition to
Zephyrinus
Saint Hippolytus
Saint Hippolytus
Pontificate
20 Dec 217 – 28 Sep 235
Common English name
Saint Hippolytus
Regnal (Latin) name
Hippolytus
Personal name
Hippolytus
Place of birth
170 Rome, Roman Empire
Age at election/Death or resigned
45 / 65 (†66)
Years asantipope(days)
17 years, 282 days (6491)
Notes
Later reconciled with Pope Pontian (see above)
In opposition to
Callixtus I
Novatian
Novatian
Pontificate
Mar 251 – Aug 258
Common English name
Novatian
Regnal (Latin) name
Novatianus
Personal name
Novatian
Place of birth
c. 200 Rome, Roman Empire
Age at election/Death or resigned
51 / 58 (†93)
Years asantipope(days)
7 years, 153 days (2710)
Notes
Founder of Novatianism
In opposition to
Cornelius
Heraclius
Heraclius
Pontificate
20 Apr 309 – 16 Aug 310
Common English name
Heraclius
Regnal (Latin) name
Heraclius
Personal name
Heraclius
Place of birth
c. 265 Rome, Roman Empire
Age at election/Death or resigned
45 / 46
Years asantipope(days)
1 year, 118 days (483)
In opposition to
Eusebius
Felix II*
Felix II*
Pontificate
355 – 26 Nov 365
Common English name
Felix II*
Regnal (Latin) name
Felix secundus
Personal name
Felix
Place of birth
c. 270 Rome, Roman Empire
Age at election/Death or resigned
80 / 90
Years asantipope(days)
10 years, 329 days (3982)
Notes
Installed by Roman emperor Constantius II
In opposition to
Liberius
Ursicinus
Ursicinus
Pontificate
1 Oct 366 – 16 Nov 367
Common English name
Ursicinus
Regnal (Latin) name
Ursicinus
Personal name
Ursinus
Place of birth
c. 300 Rome, Roman Empire
Age at election/Death or resigned
66 / 67
Years asantipope(days)
1 year, 46 days (411)
In opposition to
Damasus I
Eulalius
Eulalius
Pontificate
27 Dec 418 – 3 Apr 419
Common English name
Eulalius
Regnal (Latin) name
Eulalius
Personal name
Eulalius
Place of birth
c. 370 Rome, Roman Empire
Age at election/Death or resigned
38 / 39 (†42)
Years asantipope(days)
1 year, 46 days (411)
In opposition to
Boniface I
Laurentius
Laurentius
Pontificate
22 Nov 498 – Aug 506/08
Common English name
Laurentius
Regnal (Latin) name
Laurentius
Personal name
Lorenzo Celio
Place of birth
c. 460 Rome, Roman Empire
Age at election/Death or resigned
38 / 46 (†48)
Years asantipope(days)
9 years, 283 days (3569)
Notes
Supported by Byzantine emperor Anastasius I
In opposition to
Symmachus
Dioscorus
Dioscorus
Pontificate
22 Sep 530 – 14 Oct 530
Common English name
Dioscorus
Regnal (Latin) name
Dioscurus
Personal name
Dióskoros
Place of birth
c. 450 Alexandria
Age at election/Death or resigned
70 / 70
Years asantipope(days)
22 days (22)
In opposition to
Boniface II
Theodore
Theodore
Pontificate
16 Jun 687 – 21 Sep 687
Common English name
Theodore
Regnal (Latin) name
Theodorus
Personal name
Theodore
Place of birth
c. 599 Rome, Duchy of Rome
Age at election/Death or resigned
88 / 88 (†92)
Years asantipope(days)
97 days (97)
In opposition to
Sergius I
Paschal (I)
Paschal (I)
Pontificate
21 Sep 687 – 27 Dec 687
Common English name
Paschal (I)
Regnal (Latin) name
Paschalis
Personal name
Pascale
Place of birth
c. 598 Rome, Duchy of Rome
Age at election/Death or resigned
89 / 89 (†94)
Years asantipope(days)
97 days (97)
Constantine II
Constantine II
Pontificate
28 Jun 767 – 6 Aug 768
Common English name
Constantine II
Regnal (Latin) name
Constantinus secundus
Personal name
Konstantinus
Place of birth
c. 700 Rome, Duchy of Rome
Age at election/Death or resigned
67 / 68 (†69)
Years asantipope(days)
1 year, 39 days (405)
In opposition to
Between Paul I and Stephen III
Philip
Philip
Pontificate
31 Jul 768
Common English name
Philip
Regnal (Latin) name
Philippus
Personal name
Philip
Place of birth
c. 701 Rome, Duchy of Rome
Age at election/Death or resigned
68 / 68 (†99)
Years asantipope(days)
0 days (0)
Notes
Installed by envoy of Lombard King Desiderius
In opposition to
Stephen III
John VIII
John VIII
Pontificate
25 Jan – 31 May 844
Common English name
John VIII
Regnal (Latin) name
Joannes octavus
Personal name
Giovanni
Place of birth
c. 800 Rome, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
44 / 44 (†91)
Years asantipope(days)
151 days (151)
Notes
Elected by acclamation
In opposition to
Sergius II
Anastasius III Bibliothecarius
Anastasius III Bibliothecarius
Pontificate
Jan 855 – 31 Mar 855
Common English name
Anastasius III Bibliothecarius
Regnal (Latin) name
Anastasius tertius
Personal name
Anastasius
Place of birth
c. 810 Rome, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
45 / 45 (†68)
Years asantipope(days)
89 days (89)
In opposition to
Benedict III
Christopher
Christopher
Pontificate
3 Oct 903 – 27 Jan 904
Common English name
Christopher
Regnal (Latin) name
Christophorus
Personal name
Christoforo
Place of birth
c. 850 Rome, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
53 / 54
Years asantipope(days)
116 days (116)
In opposition to
Between Leo V and Sergius III
Leo VIII*
Leo VIII*
Pontificate
6 December 963 – 26 February 964
Common English name
Leo VIII*
Regnal (Latin) name
Leo octavus
Personal name
Leone
Place of birth
c. 915 Rome, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
48 / 49
Years asantipope(days)
82 days (82)
Notes
Installed by emperor Otto the Great, opposed to John XII, later succeeded Benedict V as a legitimate Pope
In opposition to
John XII
Boniface VII*
Boniface VII*
Pontificate
Jul 974
Common English name
Boniface VII*
Regnal (Latin) name
Bonifacius
Personal name
Franco Ferrucci
Place of birth
c. 900 Rome, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
73 / 73 and 84 / 85
Years asantipope(days)
30 days (30)334 days (334) total 364 days (364 days)
In opposition to
Between Benedict VI and Benedict VII
Between John XIV and John XV
Between John XIV and John XV
Pontificate
20 Aug 984 – 20 Jul 985
Common English name
Between John XIV and John XV
John XVI*
John XVI*
Pontificate
Apr 997 – Feb 998
Common English name
John XVI*
Regnal (Latin) name
Joannes
Personal name
John Filagatto
Place of birth
c. 941 Rossano, Calabria, Papal States (Italy)
Age at election/Death or resigned
56 / 56 (†59)
Years asantipope(days)
1 year, 0 days (365)
Notes
Supported by Byzantine emperor Basil II
In opposition to
Gregory V
Gregory VI
Gregory VI
Pontificate
Jun 1012
Common English name
Gregory VI
Regnal (Latin) name
Gregorius Sextus
Personal name
Gregorio
Place of birth
c. 960 Rome, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
52 / 52 (†60)
Years asantipope(days)
29 days (29)
In opposition to
Benedict VIII
Benedict X*
Benedict X*
Pontificate
4 Apr 1058 – 24 Jan 1059
Common English name
Benedict X*
Regnal (Latin) name
Benedictus Decimus
Personal name
Giovanni Mincio dei Conti di Tusculo
Place of birth
c. 1000 Rome, Papal States,
Age at election/Death or resigned
58 / 59 (†80)
Years asantipope(days)
295 days (295)
Notes
Supported by the Counts of Tusculum
In opposition to
Nicholas II
Honorius II
Honorius II
Pontificate
July 1061 – 31 May 1064
Common English name
Honorius II
Regnal (Latin) name
Honorius Secundus
Personal name
Pietro Cadalus
Place of birth
1010 Verona, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
51 / 54 (†62)
Years asantipope(days)
2 years, 335 days (1065)
Notes
Supported by Agnes, regent of the Holy Roman Empire
In opposition to
Alexander II
Clement III
Clement III
Pontificate
25 Jun 1080, 21 Mar 1084 – 8 Sep 1100
Common English name
Clement III
Regnal (Latin) name
Clemens Tertius
Personal name
Guibert of Ravenna
Place of birth
c. 1029 Parma, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
51 / 51, 54 / 71
Years asantipope(days)
20 years, 44 days (7348)
Notes
Supported by Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
In opposition to
Gregory VII
Theodoric
Theodoric
Pontificate
8 Sep 1100 – Jan 1101
Common English name
Theodoric
Regnal (Latin) name
Theodoricus
Personal name
Theodoro
Place of birth
c. 1030 Rome, Papal States,
Age at election/Death or resigned
70 / 71 (†72)
Years asantipope(days)
121 days (121)
Notes
Successor to Clement III
In opposition to
Paschal II
Adalbert or Albert
Adalbert or Albert
Pontificate
Jan 1101 – Feb 1102
Common English name
Adalbert or Albert
Regnal (Latin) name
Adalbertus
Personal name
Albert
Place of birth
c. 1046 Atella, Campania, Papal States,
Age at election/Death or resigned
55 / 56 (†85)
Years asantipope(days)
31 days (31)
Notes
Successor to Theodoric
Sylvester IV
Sylvester IV
Pontificate
8 Nov 1105 – 11 Apr 1111
Common English name
Sylvester IV
Regnal (Latin) name
Sylvester Quartus
Personal name
Maginulf
Place of birth
c. 1050 Rome, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
49 / 55 (†56)
Years asantipope(days)
5 years, 324 days (31)
Notes
Supported by Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor
Gregory VIII
Gregory VIII
Pontificate
10 Mar 1118 – 22 Apr 1121
Common English name
Gregory VIII
Regnal (Latin) name
Gregorius Octavus
Personal name
Maurice Burdain
Place of birth
c. 1057 Limousin, Occitania, France
Age at election/Death or resigned
61 / 65 (†72)
Years asantipope(days)
3 years, 43 days (1139)
Notes
Gelasius II
Celestine II
Celestine II
Pontificate
16 Dec 1124
Common English name
Celestine II
Regnal (Latin) name
Cœlestinus Secundus
Personal name
Teobaldo Boccapecci
Place of birth
c. 1050 Rome, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
74 / 74 (†86)
Years asantipope(days)
0 days (0)
In opposition to
Honorius II
Anacletus II
Anacletus II
Pontificate
14 Feb 1130 – 25 Jan 1138
Common English name
Anacletus II
Regnal (Latin) name
Anacletus Secundus
Personal name
Pietro Pierleoni
Place of birth
c. 1090 Rome, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
48 / 48
Years asantipope(days)
7 years, 345 days (2902)
In opposition to
Innocent II
Victor IV
Victor IV
Pontificate
25 Jan 1138 – 28 Mar 1138
Common English name
Victor IV
Regnal (Latin) name
Victor Quartus
Personal name
Gregorio Conti
Place of birth
c. 1057 Ceccano, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
81 / 81 (†90)
Years asantipope(days)
63 days (63)
Notes
Successor to Anacletus II
Victor IV
Victor IV
Pontificate
7 Sep 1159 – 20 Apr 1164
Common English name
Victor IV
Regnal (Latin) name
Victor Quartus
Personal name
Ottavio di Montecelio
Place of birth
c. 1095 Tivoli, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
64 / 69
Years asantipope(days)
4 years, 226 days (1687)
Notes
Supported by Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
In opposition to
Alexander III
Paschal III
Paschal III
Pontificate
22 Apr 1164 – 28 Sep 1168
Common English name
Paschal III
Regnal (Latin) name
Paschalis Tertius
Personal name
Guido di Crema
Place of birth
c. 1110 Crema, Lombardy, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
54 / 58
Years asantipope(days)
4 years, 159 days (1620 days)
Callixtus III
Callixtus III
Pontificate
Sep 1168 – 29 Aug 1178
Common English name
Callixtus III
Regnal (Latin) name
Callixtus Tertius
Personal name
Giovanni of Struma
Place of birth
c. 1090 Arezzo, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
78 / 88 (†90)
Years asantipope(days)
9 years, 362 days (3649 days)
Innocent III
Innocent III
Pontificate
29 Sep 1179 – Jan 1180
Common English name
Innocent III
Regnal (Latin) name
Innocentius Tertius
Personal name
Lanzo of Sezza
Place of birth
c. 1120 Sezze, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
59 / 60 (†63)
Years asantipope(days)
95 days (95 days)
Nicholas V
Nicholas V
Pontificate
12 May 1328 – 12 Aug 1330
Common English name
Nicholas V
Regnal (Latin) name
Nicolaus Quintus
Personal name
Pietro Rainalducci
Place of birth
c. 1258 Corvaro, Papal States
Age at election/Death or resigned
70 / 74
Years asantipope(days)
2 years, 92 days (822 days)
Notes
Supported by Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
In opposition to
John XXII
Clement VII
Clement VII
Pontificate
20 Sep 1378 – 16 Sep 1394
Common English name
Clement VII
Regnal (Latin) name
Clemens
Personal name
Robert of Geneva
Place of birth
1342 Annecy, France
Age at election/Death or resigned
36/52
Years asantipope(days)
15 years, 361 days (5840 days)
Notes
Avignon
In opposition to
Urban VI
Benedict XIII
Benedict XIII
Pontificate
28 Sep 1394 – 23 May 1423
Common English name
Benedict XIII
Regnal (Latin) name
Benedictus
Personal name
Pedro de Luna
Place of birth
25 November 1328 Illueca, Aragon
Age at election/Death or resigned
65/94
Years asantipope(days)
28 years, 237 days (10463 days)
Notes
Avignon
Alexander V*
Alexander V*
Pontificate
25 Jun 1409 – 3 May 1410
Common English name
Alexander V*
Regnal (Latin) name
Alexander
Personal name
Pietro Philarghi
Place of birth
c. 1339 Crete, Republic of Venice
Age at election/Death or resigned
70 / 71
Years asantipope(days)
312 days (312 days)
Notes
Pisa
In opposition to
Gregory XII
John XXIII
John XXIII
Pontificate
25 May 1410 – 29 May 1415
Common English name
John XXIII
Regnal (Latin) name
Ioannes Vicecimus Tertius
Personal name
Baldassare Cossa
Place of birth
c. 1365
Age at election/Death or resigned
45 / 50 (†54)
Years asantipope(days)
5 years, 6 days (1832 days)
Notes
Pisa
Clement VIII
Clement VIII
Pontificate
10 Jun 1423 – 26 Jul 1429
Common English name
Clement VIII
Regnal (Latin) name
Clemens Octavus
Personal name
Gil Sánchez Muñoz y Carbón
Place of birth
1370 Teruel, Aragon
Age at election/Death or resigned
52 / 59 (†77)
Years asantipope(days)
6 years, 49 days (2241 days)
Notes
Avignon
In opposition to
Martin V
Benedict XIV
Benedict XIV
Pontificate
1424–1430
Common English name
Benedict XIV
Regnal (Latin) name
Benedictus Quartus Decimus
Personal name
Bernard Garnier
Place of birth
1370 France
Age at election/Death or resigned
54 / 59 (†89)
Years asantipope(days)
6 years, 211 days (2403 days)
Notes
Claimed successor to Benedict XIII – aka "The hidden pope"
Benedict XIV
Benedict XIV
Pontificate
1430–1437
Common English name
Benedict XIV
Regnal (Latin) name
Benedictus Quartus Decimus
Personal name
Jean Carrier
Place of birth
c. 1370 France
Age at election/Death or resigned
59 / 66
Years asantipope(days)
7 years, 242 days (2799 days)
Felix V
Felix V
Pontificate
5 Nov 1439 – 7 Apr 1449
Common English name
Felix V
Regnal (Latin) name
Fœlix
Personal name
Duke Amadeus VIII of Savoy
Place of birth
4 September 1383 Chambéry, Savoy
Age at election/Death or resigned
56/65 (†67)
Years asantipope(days)
9 years, 153 days (3441)
Notes
Elected by the Council of Basel
In opposition to
Eugene IV
| Pontificate | Common English name | Regnal (Latin) name | Personal name | Place of birth | Age at election/Death or resigned | Years asantipope(days) | Notes | In opposition to |
| c. 199 – c. 200 | Natalius | Natalius | Natalius | c. 159 Rome, Roman Empire | 38 / 48 | 1 year, 0 days (365) | Later reconciled (see above) | Zephyrinus |
| 20 Dec 217 – 28 Sep 235 | Saint Hippolytus | Hippolytus | Hippolytus | 170 Rome, Roman Empire | 45 / 65 (†66) | 17 years, 282 days (6491) | Later reconciled with Pope Pontian (see above) | Callixtus I |
| Urban I | ||||||||
| Pontian | ||||||||
| Mar 251 – Aug 258 | Novatian | Novatianus | Novatian | c. 200 Rome, Roman Empire | 51 / 58 (†93) | 7 years, 153 days (2710) | Founder of Novatianism | Cornelius |
| Lucius I | ||||||||
| Stephen I | ||||||||
| Sixtus II | ||||||||
| 20 Apr 309 – 16 Aug 310 | Heraclius | Heraclius | Heraclius | c. 265 Rome, Roman Empire | 45 / 46 | 1 year, 118 days (483) | Eusebius | |
| 355 – 26 Nov 365 | Felix II* | Felix secundus | Felix | c. 270 Rome, Roman Empire | 80 / 90 | 10 years, 329 days (3982) | Installed by Roman emperor Constantius II | Liberius |
| 1 Oct 366 – 16 Nov 367 | Ursicinus | Ursicinus | Ursinus | c. 300 Rome, Roman Empire | 66 / 67 | 1 year, 46 days (411) | Damasus I | |
| 27 Dec 418 – 3 Apr 419 | Eulalius | Eulalius | Eulalius | c. 370 Rome, Roman Empire | 38 / 39 (†42) | 1 year, 46 days (411) | Boniface I | |
| 22 Nov 498 – Aug 506/08 | Laurentius | Laurentius | Lorenzo Celio | c. 460 Rome, Roman Empire | 38 / 46 (†48) | 9 years, 283 days (3569) | Supported by Byzantine emperor Anastasius I | Symmachus |
| 22 Sep 530 – 14 Oct 530 | Dioscorus | Dioscurus | Dióskoros | c. 450 Alexandria | 70 / 70 | 22 days (22) | Boniface II | |
| 16 Jun 687 – 21 Sep 687 | Theodore | Theodorus | Theodore | c. 599 Rome, Duchy of Rome | 88 / 88 (†92) | 97 days (97) | Sergius I | |
| 21 Sep 687 – 27 Dec 687 | Paschal (I) | Paschalis | Pascale | c. 598 Rome, Duchy of Rome | 89 / 89 (†94) | 97 days (97) | ||
| 28 Jun 767 – 6 Aug 768 | Constantine II | Constantinus secundus | Konstantinus | c. 700 Rome, Duchy of Rome | 67 / 68 (†69) | 1 year, 39 days (405) | Between Paul I and Stephen III | |
| 31 Jul 768 | Philip | Philippus | Philip | c. 701 Rome, Duchy of Rome | 68 / 68 (†99) | 0 days (0) | Installed by envoy of Lombard King Desiderius | Stephen III |
| 25 Jan – 31 May 844 | John VIII | Joannes octavus | Giovanni | c. 800 Rome, Papal States | 44 / 44 (†91) | 151 days (151) | Elected by acclamation | Sergius II |
| Jan 855 – 31 Mar 855 | Anastasius III Bibliothecarius | Anastasius tertius | Anastasius | c. 810 Rome, Papal States | 45 / 45 (†68) | 89 days (89) | Benedict III | |
| 3 Oct 903 – 27 Jan 904 | Christopher | Christophorus | Christoforo | c. 850 Rome, Papal States | 53 / 54 | 116 days (116) | Between Leo V and Sergius III | |
| 6 December 963 – 26 February 964 | Leo VIII* | Leo octavus | Leone | c. 915 Rome, Papal States | 48 / 49 | 82 days (82) | Installed by emperor Otto the Great, opposed to John XII, later succeeded Benedict V as a legitimate Pope | John XII |
| Jul 974 | Boniface VII* | Bonifacius | Franco Ferrucci | c. 900 Rome, Papal States | 73 / 73 and 84 / 85 | 30 days (30)334 days (334) total 364 days (364 days) | Between Benedict VI and Benedict VII | |
| 20 Aug 984 – 20 Jul 985 | Between John XIV and John XV | |||||||
| Apr 997 – Feb 998 | John XVI* | Joannes | John Filagatto | c. 941 Rossano, Calabria, Papal States (Italy) | 56 / 56 (†59) | 1 year, 0 days (365) | Supported by Byzantine emperor Basil II | Gregory V |
| Jun 1012 | Gregory VI | Gregorius Sextus | Gregorio | c. 960 Rome, Papal States | 52 / 52 (†60) | 29 days (29) | Benedict VIII | |
| 4 Apr 1058 – 24 Jan 1059 | Benedict X* | Benedictus Decimus | Giovanni Mincio dei Conti di Tusculo | c. 1000 Rome, Papal States, | 58 / 59 (†80) | 295 days (295) | Supported by the Counts of Tusculum | Nicholas II |
| July 1061 – 31 May 1064 | Honorius II | Honorius Secundus | Pietro Cadalus | 1010 Verona, Papal States | 51 / 54 (†62) | 2 years, 335 days (1065) | Supported by Agnes, regent of the Holy Roman Empire | Alexander II |
| 25 Jun 1080, 21 Mar 1084 – 8 Sep 1100 | Clement III | Clemens Tertius | Guibert of Ravenna | c. 1029 Parma, Papal States | 51 / 51, 54 / 71 | 20 years, 44 days (7348) | Supported by Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor | Gregory VII |
| Victor III | ||||||||
| Urban II | ||||||||
| Paschal II | ||||||||
| 8 Sep 1100 – Jan 1101 | Theodoric | Theodoricus | Theodoro | c. 1030 Rome, Papal States, | 70 / 71 (†72) | 121 days (121) | Successor to Clement III | Paschal II |
| Jan 1101 – Feb 1102 | Adalbert or Albert | Adalbertus | Albert | c. 1046 Atella, Campania, Papal States, | 55 / 56 (†85) | 31 days (31) | Successor to Theodoric | |
| 8 Nov 1105 – 11 Apr 1111 | Sylvester IV | Sylvester Quartus | Maginulf | c. 1050 Rome, Papal States | 49 / 55 (†56) | 5 years, 324 days (31) | Supported by Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor | |
| 10 Mar 1118 – 22 Apr 1121 | Gregory VIII | Gregorius Octavus | Maurice Burdain | c. 1057 Limousin, Occitania, France | 61 / 65 (†72) | 3 years, 43 days (1139) | Gelasius II | |
| Callixtus II | ||||||||
| 16 Dec 1124 | Celestine II | Cœlestinus Secundus | Teobaldo Boccapecci | c. 1050 Rome, Papal States | 74 / 74 (†86) | 0 days (0) | Honorius II | |
| 14 Feb 1130 – 25 Jan 1138 | Anacletus II | Anacletus Secundus | Pietro Pierleoni | c. 1090 Rome, Papal States | 48 / 48 | 7 years, 345 days (2902) | Innocent II | |
| 25 Jan 1138 – 28 Mar 1138 | Victor IV | Victor Quartus | Gregorio Conti | c. 1057 Ceccano, Papal States | 81 / 81 (†90) | 63 days (63) | Successor to Anacletus II | |
| 7 Sep 1159 – 20 Apr 1164 | Victor IV | Victor Quartus | Ottavio di Montecelio | c. 1095 Tivoli, Papal States | 64 / 69 | 4 years, 226 days (1687) | Supported by Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor | Alexander III |
| 22 Apr 1164 – 28 Sep 1168 | Paschal III | Paschalis Tertius | Guido di Crema | c. 1110 Crema, Lombardy, Papal States | 54 / 58 | 4 years, 159 days (1620 days) | ||
| Sep 1168 – 29 Aug 1178 | Callixtus III | Callixtus Tertius | Giovanni of Struma | c. 1090 Arezzo, Papal States | 78 / 88 (†90) | 9 years, 362 days (3649 days) | ||
| 29 Sep 1179 – Jan 1180 | Innocent III | Innocentius Tertius | Lanzo of Sezza | c. 1120 Sezze, Papal States | 59 / 60 (†63) | 95 days (95 days) | ||
| 12 May 1328 – 12 Aug 1330 | Nicholas V | Nicolaus Quintus | Pietro Rainalducci | c. 1258 Corvaro, Papal States | 70 / 74 | 2 years, 92 days (822 days) | Supported by Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor | John XXII |
| 20 Sep 1378 – 16 Sep 1394 | Clement VII | Clemens | Robert of Geneva | 1342 Annecy, France | 36/52 | 15 years, 361 days (5840 days) | Avignon | Urban VI |
| Boniface IX | ||||||||
| 28 Sep 1394 – 23 May 1423 | Benedict XIII | Benedictus | Pedro de Luna | 25 November 1328 Illueca, Aragon | 65/94 | 28 years, 237 days (10463 days) | Avignon | |
| Innocent VII |
· List of historical antipopes › Quasi-cardinal-nephews
Giacomo Alberti
Giacomo Alberti
Quasi-cardinal
Giacomo Alberti
Nephew of
Antipope Nicholas V
Elevated
15 May 1328
Notes
Excommunicated by Pope John XXII.
Amedeo Saluzzo
Amedeo Saluzzo
Quasi-cardinal
Amedeo Saluzzo
Nephew of
Antipope Clement VII
Elevated
23 Dec 1383
Notes
Abandoned Antipope Benedict XIII after having been deposed by him on 21 October 1408; participated in the Council of Pisa, the election of Pope Alexander V (now regarded as an antipope), the Council of Constance, and the conclave of Pope Martin V.
Tommaso Brancaccio
Tommaso Brancaccio
Quasi-cardinal
Tommaso Brancaccio
Nephew of
Antipope John XXIII
Elevated
6 Jun 1411
Notes
Attended the Council of Constance, and the conclave of Pope Martin V.
Gil Sánchez Muñoz
Gil Sánchez Muñoz
Quasi-cardinal
Gil Sánchez Muñoz
Nephew of
Antipope Clement VIII
Elevated
26 Jul 1429
Notes
Submitted to Pope Martin V after his uncle abdicated.
| Quasi-cardinal | Nephew of | Elevated | Notes |
| Giacomo Alberti | Antipope Nicholas V | 15 May 1328 | Excommunicated by Pope John XXII. |
| Amedeo Saluzzo | Antipope Clement VII | 23 Dec 1383 | Abandoned Antipope Benedict XIII after having been deposed by him on 21 October 1408; participated in the Council of Pisa, the election of Pope Alexander V (now regarded as an antipope), the Council of Constance, and the conclave of Pope Martin V. |
| Tommaso Brancaccio | Antipope John XXIII | 6 Jun 1411 | Attended the Council of Constance, and the conclave of Pope Martin V. |
| Gil Sánchez Muñoz | Antipope Clement VIII | 26 Jul 1429 | Submitted to Pope Martin V after his uncle abdicated. |
· Modern minor claimants
Michel Collin
Michel Collin
Lay name
Michel Collin
Papal name
Clement XV
Time as antipope
1950-1974
Associated Church
Apostles of Infinite Love
Notes
In 1950, Collin declared that he had received a vision that God had crowned him Pope, and took the name Clement XV. Despite technically existing in opposition to Pius XII and John XXIII he supported their papacies, but believed they were being suppressed by the Roman Curia and only openly opposed Paul VI.
Michel Lavallée, also known as Fr. Mathurin de la Mère de Dieu
Michel Lavallée, also known as Fr. Mathurin de la Mère de Dieu
Lay name
Michel Lavallée, also known as Fr. Mathurin de la Mère de Dieu
Papal name
Gregory XVIII
Time as antipope
January 2012 – present
Associated Church
The chosen successor of Michel Collin after Jean-Gaston Tremblay split from the Apostles of Infinite Love.
Jean-Gaston Tremblay
Jean-Gaston Tremblay
Lay name
Jean-Gaston Tremblay
Papal name
Gregory XVII (French: Grégoire XVII) also known as John-Gregory XVII (Jean-Grégoire XVII)
Time as antipope
May 1969-31 December 2011
Associated Church
Apostles of Infinite Love (formerly)
Canadian Apostles of Infinite Love
Notes
Initially a follower of Michel Collin (Clement XV) and Collin's designated successor, he split with the Apostles of Infinite Love in 1968 and declared himself pope. According to him, God had not given him the title of "Pope", but rather "Shepard of the Church".
Giuseppe Zani
Giuseppe Zani
Lay name
Giuseppe Zani
Papal name
Rabbi or Rabi
Time as antipope
1974–present
Associated Church
Independent
Notes
The leader of a religious group located in Brescia which spiritually recognise Michel Collins as Clement XV, but are otherwise not connected to the Apostles of Infinite Love.
Timothy Joseph Blasio Atila
Timothy Joseph Blasio Atila
Lay name
Timothy Joseph Blasio Atila
Papal name
n/a
Time as antipope
1964–1998
Associated Church
Legio Maria
Notes
The first Pope of the Legio Maria following the death of Simeo Ondeto.
Maria Pius Lawrence Jairo Chiaji Adera
Maria Pius Lawrence Jairo Chiaji Adera
Lay name
Maria Pius Lawrence Jairo Chiaji Adera
Papal name
1998–2004
Time as antipope
The second Pope of the Legio Maria.
Raphael Titus Otieno
Raphael Titus Otieno
Lay name
Raphael Titus Otieno
Papal name
2004–present
Time as antipope
The third Pope of the Legio Maria. His Papacy has been disputed by Romanus On’gombe since 2010.
Romanus Alphonsus On’gombe
Romanus Alphonsus On’gombe
Lay name
Romanus Alphonsus On’gombe
Papal name
2010–present
Time as antipope
A Pope in opposition to Raphael Otieno, whose Papacy he disputes. This has caused the Legio Maria to have two Popes, whose supporters violently clash with each other.
Clemente Domínguez y Gómez, also known as Fernando María de la Santa Faz
Clemente Domínguez y Gómez, also known as Fernando María de la Santa Faz
Lay name
Clemente Domínguez y Gómez, also known as Fernando María de la Santa Faz
Papal name
Gregory XVII
Time as antipope
1978–2005
Associated Church
Palmarian Catholic Church
Notes
An alleged seer, visionary, and mystic. Following the death of Paul VI, he founded the Palmarian Catholic Church and declared himself the 263rd Pope in opposition to John Paul I and later John Paul II.
Manuel Alonso Corral, also known as Isidoro María de la Santa Faz
Manuel Alonso Corral, also known as Isidoro María de la Santa Faz
Lay name
Manuel Alonso Corral, also known as Isidoro María de la Santa Faz
Papal name
Paul II
Time as antipope
March 2005-July 2011
Associated Church
The second Pope of the Palmarian Catholic Church and claimed to be the 264th Pope in opposition to John Paul II and Benedict XVI.
Ginés Jesús Hernández y Martínez, also known as Sergio María de la Santa Faz
Ginés Jesús Hernández y Martínez, also known as Sergio María de la Santa Faz
Lay name
Ginés Jesús Hernández y Martínez, also known as Sergio María de la Santa Faz
Papal name
Gregory XVIII
Time as antipope
July 2011-April 2016
Associated Church
The third Pope of the Palmarian church and claimed to be the 265th Pope in opposition to Benedict XVI and Pope Francis. In April 2016 he abdicated and left the church, then reconciled with the Vatican.
Markus Josef Odermatt, also known as Eliseo María de la Santa Faz
Markus Josef Odermatt, also known as Eliseo María de la Santa Faz
Lay name
Markus Josef Odermatt, also known as Eliseo María de la Santa Faz
Papal name
Peter III
Time as antipope
April 2016 – present
Associated Church
The fourth Pope of the Palmarian church and claimed to be the 266th Pope in opposition to Pope Francis and Leo XIV.
Gino Frediani
Gino Frediani
Lay name
Gino Frediani
Papal name
Immanuel I
Time as antipope
1974-1984
Associated Church
New Universal Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
Notes
He claimed to receive a vision from the Prophet Habakkuk to build a Holy Church to the Sacred Heart of Jesus. He is the only Pope of the church, as his followers believe that he will return from Heaven to save them.
Chester Olszewski
Chester Olszewski
Lay name
Chester Olszewski
Papal name
Chriszekiel Elias
Christen Elias
Peter II
Time as antipope
31 May 1977-?
Associated Church
Holy Family Catholic Church
Notes
An Episcopalian priest from the United States, he became obsessed with a bleeding statue owned by a woman called Anne Poore, and believed it was his mission to restore Catholicism, declaring himself Pope and founding the Holy Family Catholic Church alongside some friends.
Francis Konrad Schuckardt
Francis Konrad Schuckardt
Lay name
Francis Konrad Schuckardt
Papal name
Hadrian VII
Time as antipope
Unclear, post-1962
Associated Church
Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen
Notes
A sedevacantist, he was one of the most well-known opponents of Vatican II and founded the Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen. Although never publicly declaring himself as an antipope, an authorised biography by a member of the church refers to him as "Hadrian VII", and has an illustration of him receiving the Papal Tiara.
Aimé Baudet
Aimé Baudet
Lay name
Aimé Baudet
Papal name
Peter II
Peter Athanasius II
Time as antipope
c. 1984-?
Associated Church
Palmarian Catholic Church (formerly)
Notes
Possibly an urban legend, there are reports that this individual was crowned Pope at St. Peter's Tomb in 1984.
Pierre-Henri Dubois
Pierre-Henri Dubois
Lay name
Pierre-Henri Dubois
Papal name
Peter II
Time as antipope
n/a
Associated Church
Eastern Orthodox Church
Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
Notes
Erroneously reported as an antipope, he was in fact elected as Patriarch of Belgium under the name Peter IV.
Olinto Vestini, also known as Valeriano Vestini
Olinto Vestini, also known as Valeriano Vestini
Lay name
Olinto Vestini, also known as Valeriano Vestini
Papal name
Valerian I
Time as antipope
1990-1995
Associated Church
Missionary Order for the Salvation of Souls
Notes
Previously a member of the Capuchin order, he was informed by seers that he had been elected as Pope by divine intervention. He then created the Missionary Order for the Salvation of Souls and declared himself antipope in opposition to John Paul II, but in 1995 left the mission and rejoined the Capuchins.
Maurice Archieri
Maurice Archieri
Lay name
Maurice Archieri
Papal name
Peter II (French: Pierre II)
Time as antipope
1995-2016
Associated Church
Independent
Notes
He received a vision where the Holy Ghost elected him Pope and called himself Paul II. He didn't oppose the Vatican per se, but believed that the Vatican Pope was the material head of a different religion and thus he was the true Pope.
Julius Tischler
Julius Tischler
Lay name
Julius Tischler
Papal name
Peter II
Time as antipope
c. 1998
Associated Church
Independent
Notes
Little is known about Julius, except that he was a German man who declared himself Pope in 1998, however Joachim Bouflet asserts that this may be the pseudonym of Franz Engelhardt, or that Julius would be the last Pope to exist, being consecrated in 1998, based off a claim made in 1972.
Thsung Zhong Huai-de, also known as Robert Chung
Thsung Zhong Huai-de, also known as Robert Chung
Lay name
Thsung Zhong Huai-de, also known as Robert Chung
Papal name
Pius XIV
Time as antipope
1999-2002
Associated Church
Independent (Traditionalist)
Notes
He claimed to have been elected as Pope in Taipei in a 1999 Conclave with 75 traditionalist clergy present.
Reinaldus Michael Benjamins, also known as Brother Raymond of the Trinity
Reinaldus Michael Benjamins, also known as Brother Raymond of the Trinity
Lay name
Reinaldus Michael Benjamins, also known as Brother Raymond of the Trinity
Papal name
Gregory XIX
Time as antipope
2001-c. 2005
Associated Church
Independent
Notes
A clergyman from Malone, New York, he declared himself Pope in 2001 and was active till at least 2005.
Mathias Vigan
Mathias Vigan
Lay name
Mathias Vigan
Papal name
Christopher XVIII (French: Christophe XVIII)
Time as antipope
2012–present
Associated Church
The Most Holy Church of Jesus Christ, Banamè Mission (French: La Très Sainte Église de Jésus-Christ, Mission de Banamè)
Notes
Previously a Catholic Priest, during an exorcism of a woman called Vicentia Tchranvoukinni she convinced him of a mission to "renew" the Catholic Church. When the pair were declared heretics and apostates in 2011, Vicentia crowned Vigan as Pope.
William Kamm, also known as Little Pebble
William Kamm, also known as Little Pebble
Lay name
William Kamm, also known as Little Pebble
Papal name
Peter II
Time as antipope
The future
Associated Church
Order of Saint Charbel
Notes
Kamm and his followers do not directly oppose the Vatican, instead they believe that Kamm will eventually succeed the Pope as the prophesised Peter II, and lead the Papacy during the apocalypse.
David Bawden
David Bawden
Lay name
David Bawden
Papal name
Michael I
Time as antipope
July 1990-August 2022
Associated Church
The Vatican in Exile
Notes
A leader of the conclavism movement, Bawden was elected Pope during a conclave in 1990 composed of his friends and family and subsequently established the Vatican in Exile, ordaining bishops and other clergymen.
Rogelio del Rosario Martinez Jr.
Rogelio del Rosario Martinez Jr.
Lay name
Rogelio del Rosario Martinez Jr.
Papal name
Michael II
Time as antipope
August 2023 – present
Associated Church
The second conclavist antipope after Bawden, Martinez was elected in a conclave held in Vienna.
Victor Von Pentz
Victor Von Pentz
Lay name
Victor Von Pentz
Papal name
Linus II
Time as antipope
June 1994 – 2021
Associated Church
Independent (Sedevacantist)
Notes
An antipope elected at a sedevacantist Papal election in Assisi who believed that the Popes elected following Vatican II were heretics.
Lucian Pulvermacher
Lucian Pulvermacher
Lay name
Lucian Pulvermacher
Papal name
Pius XIII
Peter II
Time as antipope
October 1998 – 2009
Associated Church
Catholic Church (Sedevacantist)
Notes
A former Capuchin elected in a small layman conclave in Montana, Pulvermacher became the head of the Catholic Church in exile. Following his death, the process of electing a new Pope began, but as of 2025, they haven't elected a new Pope.
Joaquín Llorens Grau
Joaquín Llorens Grau
Lay name
Joaquín Llorens Grau
Papal name
Alexander IX
Time as antipope
2005–present
Associated Church
Congregación Mercedaria Sagrada Tradición Nuestra Señora de la Merced, Generala de los Ejércitos Celestiales, Corredentora
Notes
A part of the traditionalist missionary Congregación founded by Antonio Velasco, Grau was elected as Pope in the group's first conclave and opposes Pope Francis and Leo XIV.
Oscar Michaelli
Oscar Michaelli
Lay name
Oscar Michaelli
Papal name
Leo XIV
Time as antipope
2006-2008
Associated Church
The Catholic Apostolic Remnant Church
Notes
Supposedly three Argentinian priests that believed in sedevacantism and were elected as subsequent Popes, the church is regarded as a hoax since it has never been able to prove its existence beyond a webpage.
Juan Bautista Bonetti
Juan Bautista Bonetti
Lay name
Juan Bautista Bonetti
Papal name
Innocent XIV
Time as antipope
March–May 2008
Alejandro Greico
Alejandro Greico
Lay name
Alejandro Greico
Papal name
Alexander IX
Time as antipope
24 May 2008 – present
Bryan Richard Clayton
Bryan Richard Clayton
Lay name
Bryan Richard Clayton
Papal name
Athanasius I
Time as antipope
2011-? (possibly 2012)
Associated Church
Hasidean Catholic Church
Notes
A travelling exorcist, he held the belief that all Popes after Leo XIII were antipopes since Pius X reformed the Roman Breviary. He held a conclave to elect himself as Pope Athanasius and founded the Hasidean Catholic Church, however some of his followers believe he excommunicated himself in 2012 when he changed the words he used in his Mass from Latin ones to Hebrew ones.
Douglas Kuzell
Douglas Kuzell
Lay name
Douglas Kuzell
Papal name
Petrus Romanus (Peter II)
Time as antipope
c. 2010-
Associated Church
Faithful Remnant
Notes
Kuzell and his wife Teresa Jackson believe themselves to be the last two witnesses mentioned in the Book of Revelation, and additionally that Douglas is the last Pope, Petrus Romanus, mentioned in a prophecy about the Bible.
Antonio José Hurtado
Antonio José Hurtado
Lay name
Antonio José Hurtado
Papal name
Peter II (Spanish: Pedro II)
Time as antipope
1939-1955
Associated Church
Independent
Notes
A Colombian self-trained dentist, Hurtado believed he would be the Pope to succeed Pius XI, however after getting mocked for his belief follow Pius' death and rejected by the Vatican, he declared himself the antipope and established a journal, El Emmanuel, to spread his beliefs, however he never gained much of a following outside his hometown of Barbosa and was buried as a Roman Catholic.
Ubaldo Rolón
Ubaldo Rolón
Lay name
Ubaldo Rolón
Papal name
Pedro Segundo (Spanish: Peter II)
Time as antipope
2007-2016
Associated Church
The Church of Jesus
Notes
A "transcendent peronist" and member of the Iron Guard, he received visions that he was "Peter, the Prince of the Apostles" and the last Pope. He subsequently declared himself Pedro Segundo and began to spread his teachings in a movement called The Church of Jesus until he died in 2016.
Giuseppe Maria Abbate
Giuseppe Maria Abbate
Lay name
Giuseppe Maria Abbate
Papal name
n/a
Time as antipope
1917-1963
Associated Church
New Jerusalem Catholic Church
Notes
An Italian-American immigrant who ran a barbershop, Giuseppe believed he was divinely ordained to be the Celestial Messenger when he had a vision of Jesus walking into his barbershop, ordaining him as a priest, and telling him to found a new Church. Giuseppe did so, and directly opposed the Catholic Church and the Pope.
Adam Anthony Oraczewski
Adam Anthony Oraczewski
Lay name
Adam Anthony Oraczewski
Papal name
Adam II
Time as antipope
1927-1973
Associated Church
Independent
Notes
A suspended Roman Catholic priest, in 1927 he published All in One True Faith which depicted himself wearing Papal robes and declared that he was Pope Adam II, and proposed a radical ecclesiastical reform that he believed would bring greater piety and human unity. He continued calling himself Adam II until his death in 1973.
Franz Engelhardt, also known as Ferenc Egerszégi and possibly as Julius Tischler
Franz Engelhardt, also known as Ferenc Egerszégi and possibly as Julius Tischler
Lay name
Franz Engelhardt, also known as Ferenc Egerszégi and possibly as Julius Tischler
Papal name
Peter II
Time as antipope
Future
Associated Church
Independent
Notes
He claimed to be mystically present at Fatimah during the Marian apparitions that happened in 1917, and that he was the 'fourth seer' who had received a message about the Apocalypse. He therefore claimed that he was the future Peter II, however when he was arrested by the Bundesgrenzschutz and sentenced for the sexual abuse of minors, his followers disappeared.
Ján Maria Michał Kowalski
Ján Maria Michał Kowalski
Lay name
Ján Maria Michał Kowalski
Papal name
n/a
Time as antipope
n/a
Associated Church
Catholic Mariavite Church
Notes
Although he never made the claim himself, his supporters saw him as the 'Slavic Pope' that Polish nationalist authors wrote about and subsequently viewed Popes Benedict XV and Pius XI as illegitimate.
Mario Samuele Morcia
Mario Samuele Morcia
Lay name
Mario Samuele Morcia
Papal name
Supreme Pontiff Samuele
Time as antipope
2015–present
Associated Church
The Universal Christian Church of the New Jerusalem
Notes
Elected as Supreme Pontiff following the establishment of the Universal Church, Samuele has opposed Pope Francis, seeing him as illegitimate.
Eduardo Dávila Garza
Eduardo Dávila Garza
Lay name
Eduardo Dávila Garza
Papal name
Eduardo I
Time as antipope
1933-1985
Associated Church
Iglesia Católica Apostolica Mexicana
Notes
Born into the Iglesia Católica Apostolica Mexicana, Eduardo rose through the ranks until he succeeded Patriarch José Joquín Pérez Budar, where he subsequently assumed the title of "Pope and Supreme Pontiff of Mexico and the Americas". His church got into conflicts with the Roman Catholic church in Mexico, however after his death in 1985 the support for his movement dwindled and no-one was ever elected as his successor.
Tsietsi Daniel Makiti
Tsietsi Daniel Makiti
Lay name
Tsietsi Daniel Makiti
Papal name
n/a
Time as antipope
2017–present
Associated Church
Gabola Church
Notes
Formerly a priest of the Old Apostolic Church, he left that church after having a spiritual revelation to found a new church where individuals worship through the consumption of alcoholic beverages. The Catholic Church has declared Makiti to be a heretic.
Valdir Ros
Valdir Ros
Lay name
Valdir Ros
Papal name
Pedro II
Time as antipope
1985-1994
Associated Church
Instituto Estrela Missionária
Notes
Considered to be mentally ill by Bishop Adriano Hypólito of the Nova Iguaçu diocese, Ros formed his own mission in his own house and began to host ever more charismatic sermons. When he was confronted by Bishop Adriano for preaching whilst not being ordained, he publicly declared that all Popes from John XXIII to John Paul II were heretics and renounced Vatican II, declaring himself as Pope Pedro II. He continued to claim the Papacy up until his death in 1994, when his followers mostly dispersed.
| Lay name | Papal name | Time as antipope | Associated Church | Notes |
| Michel Collin | Clement XV | 1950-1974 | Apostles of Infinite Love | In 1950, Collin declared that he had received a vision that God had crowned him Pope, and took the name Clement XV. Despite technically existing in opposition to Pius XII and John XXIII he supported their papacies, but believed they were being suppressed by the Roman Curia and only openly opposed Paul VI. |
| Michel Lavallée, also known as Fr. Mathurin de la Mère de Dieu | Gregory XVIII | January 2012 – present | The chosen successor of Michel Collin after Jean-Gaston Tremblay split from the Apostles of Infinite Love. | |
| Jean-Gaston Tremblay | Gregory XVII (French: Grégoire XVII) also known as John-Gregory XVII (Jean-Grégoire XVII) | May 1969-31 December 2011 | Apostles of Infinite Love (formerly) Canadian Apostles of Infinite Love | Initially a follower of Michel Collin (Clement XV) and Collin's designated successor, he split with the Apostles of Infinite Love in 1968 and declared himself pope. According to him, God had not given him the title of "Pope", but rather "Shepard of the Church". |
| Giuseppe Zani | Rabbi or Rabi | 1974–present | Independent | The leader of a religious group located in Brescia which spiritually recognise Michel Collins as Clement XV, but are otherwise not connected to the Apostles of Infinite Love. |
| Timothy Joseph Blasio Atila | n/a | 1964–1998 | Legio Maria | The first Pope of the Legio Maria following the death of Simeo Ondeto. |
| Maria Pius Lawrence Jairo Chiaji Adera | 1998–2004 | The second Pope of the Legio Maria. | ||
| Raphael Titus Otieno | 2004–present | The third Pope of the Legio Maria. His Papacy has been disputed by Romanus On’gombe since 2010. | ||
| Romanus Alphonsus On’gombe | 2010–present | A Pope in opposition to Raphael Otieno, whose Papacy he disputes. This has caused the Legio Maria to have two Popes, whose supporters violently clash with each other. | ||
| Clemente Domínguez y Gómez, also known as Fernando María de la Santa Faz | Gregory XVII | 1978–2005 | Palmarian Catholic Church | An alleged seer, visionary, and mystic. Following the death of Paul VI, he founded the Palmarian Catholic Church and declared himself the 263rd Pope in opposition to John Paul I and later John Paul II. |
| Manuel Alonso Corral, also known as Isidoro María de la Santa Faz | Paul II | March 2005-July 2011 | The second Pope of the Palmarian Catholic Church and claimed to be the 264th Pope in opposition to John Paul II and Benedict XVI. | |
| Ginés Jesús Hernández y Martínez, also known as Sergio María de la Santa Faz | Gregory XVIII | July 2011-April 2016 | The third Pope of the Palmarian church and claimed to be the 265th Pope in opposition to Benedict XVI and Pope Francis. In April 2016 he abdicated and left the church, then reconciled with the Vatican. | |
| Markus Josef Odermatt, also known as Eliseo María de la Santa Faz | Peter III | April 2016 – present | The fourth Pope of the Palmarian church and claimed to be the 266th Pope in opposition to Pope Francis and Leo XIV. | |
| Gino Frediani | Immanuel I | 1974-1984 | New Universal Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus | He claimed to receive a vision from the Prophet Habakkuk to build a Holy Church to the Sacred Heart of Jesus. He is the only Pope of the church, as his followers believe that he will return from Heaven to save them. |
| Chester Olszewski | Chriszekiel Elias Christen Elias Peter II | 31 May 1977-? | Holy Family Catholic Church | An Episcopalian priest from the United States, he became obsessed with a bleeding statue owned by a woman called Anne Poore, and believed it was his mission to restore Catholicism, declaring himself Pope and founding the Holy Family Catholic Church alongside some friends. |
| Francis Konrad Schuckardt | Hadrian VII | Unclear, post-1962 | Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen | A sedevacantist, he was one of the most well-known opponents of Vatican II and founded the Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen. Although never publicly declaring himself as an antipope, an authorised biography by a member of the church refers to him as "Hadrian VII", and has an illustration of him receiving the Papal Tiara. |
| Aimé Baudet | Peter II Peter Athanasius II | c. 1984-? | Palmarian Catholic Church (formerly) | Possibly an urban legend, there are reports that this individual was crowned Pope at St. Peter's Tomb in 1984. |
| Pierre-Henri Dubois | Peter II | n/a | Eastern Orthodox Church Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople | Erroneously reported as an antipope, he was in fact elected as Patriarch of Belgium under the name Peter IV. |
| Olinto Vestini, also known as Valeriano Vestini | Valerian I | 1990-1995 | Missionary Order for the Salvation of Souls | Previously a member of the Capuchin order, he was informed by seers that he had been elected as Pope by divine intervention. He then created the Missionary Order for the Salvation of Souls and declared himself antipope in opposition to John Paul II, but in 1995 left the mission and rejoined the Capuchins. |
| Maurice Archieri | Peter II (French: Pierre II) | 1995-2016 | Independent | He received a vision where the Holy Ghost elected him Pope and called himself Paul II. He didn't oppose the Vatican per se, but believed that the Vatican Pope was the material head of a different religion and thus he was the true Pope. |
| Julius Tischler | Peter II | c. 1998 | Independent | Little is known about Julius, except that he was a German man who declared himself Pope in 1998, however Joachim Bouflet asserts that this may be the pseudonym of Franz Engelhardt, or that Julius would be the last Pope to exist, being consecrated in 1998, based off a claim made in 1972. |
| Thsung Zhong Huai-de, also known as Robert Chung | Pius XIV | 1999-2002 | Independent (Traditionalist) | He claimed to have been elected as Pope in Taipei in a 1999 Conclave with 75 traditionalist clergy present. |
| Reinaldus Michael Benjamins, also known as Brother Raymond of the Trinity | Gregory XIX | 2001-c. 2005 | Independent | A clergyman from Malone, New York, he declared himself Pope in 2001 and was active till at least 2005. |
| Mathias Vigan | Christopher XVIII (French: Christophe XVIII) | 2012–present | The Most Holy Church of Jesus Christ, Banamè Mission (French: La Très Sainte Église de Jésus-Christ, Mission de Banamè) | Previously a Catholic Priest, during an exorcism of a woman called Vicentia Tchranvoukinni she convinced him of a mission to "renew" the Catholic Church. When the pair were declared heretics and apostates in 2011, Vicentia crowned Vigan as Pope. |
| William Kamm, also known as Little Pebble | Peter II | The future | Order of Saint Charbel | Kamm and his followers do not directly oppose the Vatican, instead they believe that Kamm will eventually succeed the Pope as the prophesised Peter II, and lead the Papacy during the apocalypse. |
| David Bawden | Michael I | July 1990-August 2022 | The Vatican in Exile | A leader of the conclavism movement, Bawden was elected Pope during a conclave in 1990 composed of his friends and family and subsequently established the Vatican in Exile, ordaining bishops and other clergymen. |
| Rogelio del Rosario Martinez Jr. | Michael II | August 2023 – present | The second conclavist antipope after Bawden, Martinez was elected in a conclave held in Vienna. | |
| Victor Von Pentz | Linus II | June 1994 – 2021 | Independent (Sedevacantist) | An antipope elected at a sedevacantist Papal election in Assisi who believed that the Popes elected following Vatican II were heretics. |
| Lucian Pulvermacher | Pius XIII Peter II | October 1998 – 2009 | Catholic Church (Sedevacantist) | A former Capuchin elected in a small layman conclave in Montana, Pulvermacher became the head of the Catholic Church in exile. Following his death, the process of electing a new Pope began, but as of 2025, they haven't elected a new Pope. |
| Joaquín Llorens Grau | Alexander IX | 2005–present | Congregación Mercedaria Sagrada Tradición Nuestra Señora de la Merced, Generala de los Ejércitos Celestiales, Corredentora | A part of the traditionalist missionary Congregación founded by Antonio Velasco, Grau was elected as Pope in the group's first conclave and opposes Pope Francis and Leo XIV. |
| Oscar Michaelli | Leo XIV | 2006-2008 | The Catholic Apostolic Remnant Church | Supposedly three Argentinian priests that believed in sedevacantism and were elected as subsequent Popes, the church is regarded as a hoax since it has never been able to prove its existence beyond a webpage. |
| Juan Bautista Bonetti | Innocent XIV | March–May 2008 | ||
| Alejandro Greico | Alexander IX | 24 May 2008 – present | ||
| Bryan Richard Clayton | Athanasius I | 2011-? (possibly 2012) | Hasidean Catholic Church | A travelling exorcist, he held the belief that all Popes after Leo XIII were antipopes since Pius X reformed the Roman Breviary. He held a conclave to elect himself as Pope Athanasius and founded the Hasidean Catholic Church, however some of his followers believe he excommunicated himself in 2012 when he changed the words he used in his Mass from Latin ones to Hebrew ones. |
| Douglas Kuzell | Petrus Romanus (Peter II) | c. 2010- | Faithful Remnant | Kuzell and his wife Teresa Jackson believe themselves to be the last two witnesses mentioned in the Book of Revelation, and additionally that Douglas is the last Pope, Petrus Romanus, mentioned in a prophecy about the Bible. |
| Antonio José Hurtado | Peter II (Spanish: Pedro II) | 1939-1955 | Independent | A Colombian self-trained dentist, Hurtado believed he would be the Pope to succeed Pius XI, however after getting mocked for his belief follow Pius' death and rejected by the Vatican, he declared himself the antipope and established a journal, El Emmanuel, to spread his beliefs, however he never gained much of a following outside his hometown of Barbosa and was buried as a Roman Catholic. |
| Ubaldo Rolón | Pedro Segundo (Spanish: Peter II) | 2007-2016 | The Church of Jesus | A "transcendent peronist" and member of the Iron Guard, he received visions that he was "Peter, the Prince of the Apostles" and the last Pope. He subsequently declared himself Pedro Segundo and began to spread his teachings in a movement called The Church of Jesus until he died in 2016. |
| Giuseppe Maria Abbate | n/a | 1917-1963 | New Jerusalem Catholic Church | An Italian-American immigrant who ran a barbershop, Giuseppe believed he was divinely ordained to be the Celestial Messenger when he had a vision of Jesus walking into his barbershop, ordaining him as a priest, and telling him to found a new Church. Giuseppe did so, and directly opposed the Catholic Church and the Pope. |
| Adam Anthony Oraczewski | Adam II | 1927-1973 | Independent | A suspended Roman Catholic priest, in 1927 he published All in One True Faith which depicted himself wearing Papal robes and declared that he was Pope Adam II, and proposed a radical ecclesiastical reform that he believed would bring greater piety and human unity. He continued calling himself Adam II until his death in 1973. |
| Franz Engelhardt, also known as Ferenc Egerszégi and possibly as Julius Tischler | Peter II | Future | Independent | He claimed to be mystically present at Fatimah during the Marian apparitions that happened in 1917, and that he was the 'fourth seer' who had received a message about the Apocalypse. He therefore claimed that he was the future Peter II, however when he was arrested by the Bundesgrenzschutz and sentenced for the sexual abuse of minors, his followers disappeared. |
| Ján Maria Michał Kowalski | n/a | n/a | Catholic Mariavite Church | Although he never made the claim himself, his supporters saw him as the 'Slavic Pope' that Polish nationalist authors wrote about and subsequently viewed Popes Benedict XV and Pius XI as illegitimate. |
| Mario Samuele Morcia | Supreme Pontiff Samuele | 2015–present | The Universal Christian Church of the New Jerusalem | Elected as Supreme Pontiff following the establishment of the Universal Church, Samuele has opposed Pope Francis, seeing him as illegitimate. |
| Eduardo Dávila Garza | Eduardo I | 1933-1985 | Iglesia Católica Apostolica Mexicana | Born into the Iglesia Católica Apostolica Mexicana, Eduardo rose through the ranks until he succeeded Patriarch José Joquín Pérez Budar, where he subsequently assumed the title of "Pope and Supreme Pontiff of Mexico and the Americas". His church got into conflicts with the Roman Catholic church in Mexico, however after his death in 1985 the support for his movement dwindled and no-one was ever elected as his successor. |
| Tsietsi Daniel Makiti | n/a | 2017–present | Gabola Church | Formerly a priest of the Old Apostolic Church, he left that church after having a spiritual revelation to found a new church where individuals worship through the consumption of alcoholic beverages. The Catholic Church has declared Makiti to be a heretic. |
| Philbert London | Emmanuel | ?-2024 | Beacon Ministries and the House of Majesty | A televangelist, he declared himself to be Pope Emmanuel and the true voice of God. |
| Valdir Ros | Pedro II | 1985-1994 | Instituto Estrela Missionária | Considered to be mentally ill by Bishop Adriano Hypólito of the Nova Iguaçu diocese, Ros formed his own mission in his own house and began to host ever more charismatic sermons. When he was confronted by Bishop Adriano for preaching whilst not being ordained, he publicly declared that all Popes from John XXIII to John Paul II were heretics and renounced Vatican II, declaring himself as Pope Pedro II. He continued to claim the Papacy up until his death in 1994, when his followers mostly dispersed. |
References
- Encyclopædia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/28501/antipope
- Of Pope Leo VIII, the Annuario Pontificio, the Holy See's yearbook, says: "At this point, as again in the mid-eleventh c
- Encyclopædia Britannicahttps://web.archive.org/web/20231021181732/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Hippolytus-of-Rome
- Tertium Millenniumhttps://www.vatican.va/jubilee_2000/magazine/documents/ju_mag_01091997_p-70_en.html
- Historia Ecclesiastica, V, 28
- The Treatise on the Apostolic Tradition of St Hippolytus of Rome, Bishop and Martyrhttps://books.google.com/books?id=l8syjXASpNwC&pg=PR27
- Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature: Zephyrinushttps://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_Christian_Biography_and_Literature_to_the_End_of_the_Sixth_Century/Dictionary/Z/Zephyrinus
- Catholic Encyclopediahttp://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10448a.htm
- Catholic Encyclopediahttp://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09725a.htm
- Annuario Pontificio
- Catholic Encyclopediahttp://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12272b.htm
- The Shorter Cambridge Medieval Historyhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mcI8AAAAIAAJ&q=sylvester+iii
- A Dictionary of Popeshttps://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095557402
- The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Churchhttps://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1122.htm#
- The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Churchhttps://cardinals.fiu.edu/consistories-xiv.htm
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- Being Right: Conservative Catholics in Americahttps://books.google.com/books?id=yUqp1_31B-MC&pg=PA257
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- "Apostles of Infinite Love"https://wrldrels.org/2020/06/07/apostles-of-infinite-love/
- "Modern Alternative Popes 4: The Legio Maria"https://magnuslundberg.net/2016/05/15/alternative-popes-4-the-legio-maria-of-african-mission-church/
- Partnership for Understanding World Religions and Spirituality at Virginia Commonwealth Universityhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160406111805/http://wrs.vcu.edu/ARTICLES/PALMARIAN%20CATHOLIC%20CHURCH/Palmarian%20Catholic%20Church..pdf
- "Modern Alternative Popes 6: The New Universal Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus"https://magnuslundberg.net/2016/05/15/modern-alternative-popes-the-new-universal-church-of-the-sacred-heart-of-jesus/
- "The Pope of Eddystone, Pennsylvania"https://magnuslundberg.net/2022/01/17/the-pope-of-eddystone-pennsylvania/
- "New Research Report: Francis Schuckardt, the Papacy, and the Apocalypse"https://magnuslundberg.net/2024/08/30/new-research-report-francis-schuckardt-the-papacy-and-the-apocalypse/
- "Modern Alternative Popes 9: Two Uncertain Cases"https://magnuslundberg.net/2016/05/15/modern-alternative-popes-9-two-uncertain-cases/
- "Modern Alternative Popes 10: The Missionary Order for the Salvation of Souls"https://magnuslundberg.net/2016/05/15/modern-alternative-popes-10-the-missionary-order-for-the-salvation-of-souls/
- "Maurice Archieri: The French Vicar of Christ"https://magnuslundberg.net/2023/06/12/maurice-archieri-the-french-vicar-of-christ/
- "Modern Alternative Popes 12: Three Little Known Cases"https://magnuslundberg.net/2016/05/15/modern-alternative-popes-13-two-little-known-cases/
- "Franz Engelhardt: The Fourth Seer of Fatima and Future Pope Peter II"https://magnuslundberg.net/2025/04/13/franz-engelhardt-the-fourth-seer-of-fatima-and-future-pope-peter-ii/
- "New Study on Pope Christophe XVIII and La Très Sainte Église de Jésus-Christ, Mission de Banamè in Benin"https://magnuslundberg.net/2020/04/07/new-study-on-pope-christophe-xviii-and-la-tres-sainte-eglise-de-jesus-christ-mission-de-baname-in-benin/
- "Modern Alternative Popes 14: William Kamm"https://magnuslundberg.net/2016/05/15/modern-alternative-popes-14-william-kamm/
- "Pope Michael"https://wrldrels.org/2023/02/04/pope-michael/
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- "Modern Alternative Popes 19: The Catholic and Mercedarian Church"https://magnuslundberg.net/2016/05/15/modern-alternative-popes-20-the-catholic-and-mercedarian-church/
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- "The Faithful Remnant and the Canadian Last Pope"https://magnuslundberg.net/2017/11/10/the-faithful-remnant-and-the-canadian-last-pope/
- "Modern Alternative Popes 23: Colombian Pedro II"https://magnuslundberg.net/2017/02/04/modern-alternative-popes-23-colombian-pedro-ii/
- "Modern Alternative Popes 24: Argentinean Pedro Segundo"https://magnuslundberg.net/2017/02/12/modern-alternative-popes-24-argentinean-pedro-segundo/
- Giuseppe Maria Abbate: The Italian-American Celestial Messengerhttps://magnuslundberg.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/uppsala-studies-vol-7-lundberg-craig.pdf
- A Polish-American Pope: Adam Oraczewsk -Adam IIhttps://magnuslundberg.net/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/uppsala-studies-19-lundberg.pdf
- "The Slavic Pope? Jan Maria Michał Kowalski and the Mariavites"https://magnuslundberg.net/2019/07/27/the-slavic-pope-jan-maria-michal-kowalski-and-the-mariavites/
- https://magnuslundberg.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/bambino-gesu-finished3.pdf [bare URL PDF]https://magnuslundberg.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/bambino-gesu-finished3.pdf
- "Eduardo Dávila – Pope Eduardo I"https://magnuslundberg.net/2021/04/19/eduardo-davila-pope-eduardo-i/
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- "Common Statement Between The Coptic Orthodox Church and the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and all Africa Regarding Max Michel"https://web.archive.org/web/20080511170645/http://www.copticpope.org/downloads/commondec/commondec-2-2006eng.pdf
- "Modern Alternative Popes 1: Introduction"https://magnuslundberg.net/2016/05/14/modern-alternative-popes-1-introduction/
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- Catholic Answershttps://www.catholic.com/audio/caf/a-response-to-patrick-coffins-seven-pieces-of-evidence-that-francis-is-an-antipope
- Catholic Answershttps://www.catholic.com/magazine/online-edition/was-benedict-xvi-the-true-pope-the-whole-time
- Jean Raspail, L'Anneau du pêcheur, Paris: Albin Michel, 1994. 403 p. ISBN 2-226-07590-9
- Gérard Bavoux, Le Porteur de lumière, Paris: Pygmalion, 1996. p. 329 ISBN 2-85704-488-7
- Zladko Vladcik – I am the Antipopehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYo5SHzIz5s
- The Legio Maria Popes do not assume Papal names but rather place "Pope" at the beginning of their full name,. ie: Raphae
- Simeon Ondeto is sometimes considered as the first Pope of the Legio Maria, but the group themselves refer to Ondeto as
- Strictly speaking, the Catholic Church considers itself to be the same as the Catholic Church, and emphasise that the "t
- Abbate didn't have a Papal name, but rather used a variety of titles for himself including: Celestial Messenger (Italian