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Andorra

Updated: Wikipedia source

Andorra

Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra, is a landlocked country on the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees in Southwestern Europe, bordered by France to the north and Spain to the south. Believed to have been created by Charlemagne, Andorra was ruled by the count of Urgell until 988, when it was transferred to the Diocese of Urgell. The present principality was formed by a charter in 1278. It is currently headed by two co-princes: the Bishop of Urgell in Catalonia, Spain, and the president of France. Its capital and largest city is Andorra la Vella. Andorra is the sixth-smallest state in Europe, with an area of 468 square kilometres (181 sq mi) and a population of approximately 87,486. The Andorran people are a Romance ethnic group closely related to Catalans. Andorra is the world's 16th-smallest country by land and 11th-smallest by population. Its capital, Andorra la Vella, is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres (3,356 feet) above sea level. The official language is Catalan, but Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken. Tourism in Andorra brings approximately 8 million visitors to the country annually. Andorra is not a member state of the European Union. It has been a member of the Council of Europe and of the United Nations since 1993.

Infobox

Capitaland largest city
Andorra la Vella 42°30′23″N 1°31′17″E / 42.50639°N 1.52139°E / 42.50639; 1.52139
Official languages
Catalan 44.1%
Significant language
Spanish 40.3%
Other languages
mw- 13.5% Portuguese 10% French 3% English 6.8% other
Ethnic groups (2024)
34.3% Spaniards 32.1% Andorrans 10% Portuguese 5.6% French 18% others
Religion (2020)
mw- li 90.8% Christianity 85.5% Catholicism (official) 5.3% other Christian 6.9% no religion2.3% others
Demonyms
Andorran
Government
Unitary parliamentary diarchic constitutional principality
• Co-Princes
Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat Emmanuel Macron
• Representatives
Eduard Ibáñez Patrice Faure
• Prime Minister
Xavier Espot Zamora
• General Syndic
Carles Ensenyat Reig
Legislature
General Council
• From the Crown of Aragon
8 September 1278
• From the Kingdom of France
12 October 1652
• From the French Empire
1814
• Constitution
2 February 1993
• Total
$3.897 billion (159th)
• Water (%)
0.26 (121.4 ha)[a]
• 2025 estimate
87,486 (185th)
• Density
187.1/km2 (484.6/sq mi) (71st)
GDP (PPP)
2024 estimate
• Per capita
$44,900 (24th)
GDP (nominal)
2024 estimate
Gini (2023)
40.0 } }medium inequality
HDI (2023)
0.913very high (32nd)
Currency
Euro (€)[b] (EUR)
Time zone
UTC 01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC 02:00 (CEST)
Date format
dd/mm/yyyy
Calling code
376
ISO 3166 code
AD
Internet TLD
ad[c]
• General syndic
Carles Ensenyat Reig
• Co-princes
Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat Emmanuel Macron
• Prime minister
Xavier Espot Zamora

Tables

Month
Month
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Month
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Jan
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Feb
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Mar
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Apr
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
May
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Jun
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Jul
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Aug
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Sep
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Oct
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Nov
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Dec
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Year
Record high °C (°F)
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
18.0(64.4)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
20.0(68.0)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
24.8(76.6)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
29.0(84.2)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
29.2(84.6)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
37.4(99.3)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
39.0(102.2)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
35.9(96.6)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
32.0(89.6)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
31.0(87.8)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
21.2(70.2)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
19.0(66.2)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
39.0(102.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
6.9(44.4)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
8.9(48.0)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
11.7(53.1)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
13.3(55.9)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
17.6(63.7)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
21.9(71.4)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
26.2(79.2)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
25.4(77.7)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
21.4(70.5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
16.0(60.8)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
10.7(51.3)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
7.5(45.5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
15.6(60.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
2.2(36.0)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
3.5(38.3)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
5.8(42.4)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
7.5(45.5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
11.5(52.7)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
15.4(59.7)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
18.8(65.8)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
18.5(65.3)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
14.9(58.8)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
10.3(50.5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
5.7(42.3)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
3.0(37.4)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
9.8(49.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−2.5(27.5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−1.8(28.8)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−0.2(31.6)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
1.7(35.1)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
5.3(41.5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
8.8(47.8)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
11.4(52.5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
11.4(52.5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
8.5(47.3)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
4.7(40.5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
0.6(33.1)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−1.4(29.5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
3.9(39.0)
Record low °C (°F)
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−15(5)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−16(3)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−11(12)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−7(19)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−2(28)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
0.0(32.0)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
3.0(37.4)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
2.0(35.6)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
0.0(32.0)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−6(21)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−10.5(13.1)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−13(9)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
−16(3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
53.1(2.09)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
37.9(1.49)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
40.5(1.59)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
71.2(2.80)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
89.8(3.54)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
84.2(3.31)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
60.7(2.39)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
85.6(3.37)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
80.9(3.19)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
72.4(2.85)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
68.4(2.69)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
67.9(2.67)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
812.3(31.98)
Source 1: ACDA
Source 1: ACDA
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Source 1: ACDA
Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)
Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)
Climate data for Andorra La Vella (Roc de Sant Pere), elevation: 1,075m (1971–2000, extremes 1934–present)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
18.0(64.4)
20.0(68.0)
24.8(76.6)
29.0(84.2)
29.2(84.6)
37.4(99.3)
39.0(102.2)
35.9(96.6)
32.0(89.6)
31.0(87.8)
21.2(70.2)
19.0(66.2)
39.0(102.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
6.9(44.4)
8.9(48.0)
11.7(53.1)
13.3(55.9)
17.6(63.7)
21.9(71.4)
26.2(79.2)
25.4(77.7)
21.4(70.5)
16.0(60.8)
10.7(51.3)
7.5(45.5)
15.6(60.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)
2.2(36.0)
3.5(38.3)
5.8(42.4)
7.5(45.5)
11.5(52.7)
15.4(59.7)
18.8(65.8)
18.5(65.3)
14.9(58.8)
10.3(50.5)
5.7(42.3)
3.0(37.4)
9.8(49.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
−2.5(27.5)
−1.8(28.8)
−0.2(31.6)
1.7(35.1)
5.3(41.5)
8.8(47.8)
11.4(52.5)
11.4(52.5)
8.5(47.3)
4.7(40.5)
0.6(33.1)
−1.4(29.5)
3.9(39.0)
Record low °C (°F)
−15(5)
−16(3)
−11(12)
−7(19)
−2(28)
0.0(32.0)
3.0(37.4)
2.0(35.6)
0.0(32.0)
−6(21)
−10.5(13.1)
−13(9)
−16(3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
53.1(2.09)
37.9(1.49)
40.5(1.59)
71.2(2.80)
89.8(3.54)
84.2(3.31)
60.7(2.39)
85.6(3.37)
80.9(3.19)
72.4(2.85)
68.4(2.69)
67.9(2.67)
812.3(31.98)
Source 1: ACDA
Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)

References

  1. (In French) Girard P & Gomez P (2009), Lacs des Pyrénées: Andorre.
  2. Before 1999, the French franc and Spanish peseta; the coins and notes of both currencies, however, remained legal tender
  3. Also .cat, shared with Catalan-speaking territories
  4. Pronunciation: English: /ænˈdɔːrə/ ⓘ an-DOR-ə or /ænˈdɒrə/ an-DORR-ə Catalan: [anˈdɔra] ⓘ.
  5. In Catalan: .mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw- pronounced [pɾinsiˈpad danˈdɔra]; in Spanish: Principado
  6. "Andorran Symbols"
    https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/andorra/adsymbols.htm
  7. "Constitution of the Principality of Andorra"
    https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/ad/ad001en.pdf
  8. The World Factbook
    https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/andorra
  9. www.thearda.com
    https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=6c
  10. State–Religion Relationships and Human Rights Law: Towards a Right to Religiously Neutral Governance
  11. Cultura.ad
    https://www.cultura.ad/historia-d-andorra
  12. Enciclopèdia.cat
    https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0003858.xml
  13. "Andorra en xifres 2007: Situació geogràfica, Departament d'Estadística, Govern d'Andorra"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20091113203301/http://www.estadistica.ad/serveiestudis/publicacions/CD/Anuari/cat/pdf/xifres.PDF
  14. Department of Statistics
    https://www.estadistica.ad/portal/apps/sites/#/estadistica-en/pages/publicacio?Idioma=en&Id=33438&IdCat=1,4
  15. imf.org
    https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/April/weo-report?c=111,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2027&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1
  16. Departament d'Estadística
    https://www.estadistica.ad/portal/apps/sites/#/estadistica-en/pages/estadistiques-i-dades-detall?Idioma=en&N2=131&N3=132&DV=1496
  17. "Human Development Report 2025"
    https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf
  18. "What side of the road do they drive on in Andorra"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210816060524/http://whatsideofroad.com/ad/
  19. Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary
  20. One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups
    https://books.google.com/books?id=NwvoM-ZFoAgC
  21. Tell Me Nothing
    https://web.archive.org/web/20170607111953/http://tellmenothing.com/2017/04/18/andorra-unusual-facts-european/
  22. "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Andorra la Vella, Andorra"
    http://www.fallingrain.com/world/AN/0/Andorra_la_Vella.html
  23. "Background Note: Andorra"
    https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3164.htm
  24. The World Factbook
    https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/andorra/
  25. Graham Butler, The Legal Relations of the European Union with the Principality of Andorra, European Foreign Affairs Revi
    https://kluwerlawonline.com/journalarticle/European+Foreign+Affairs+Review/30.4/EERR2025035
  26. "United Nations Member States"
    https://www.un.org/en/about-us/member-states
  27. Diccionari d'Història de Catalunya; ed. 62; Barcelona; 1998; ISBN 84-297-3521-6; p. 42; entrada "Andorra"
  28. Estudis sobre els drets i institucions locals en la Catalunya medieval
    https://books.google.com/books?id=JQL6rtB8VtQC&q=Anorra+andorra&pg=PA743
  29. almaany.com
    https://www.almaany.com/ar/dict/ar-ar/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9/
  30. Andorra, the Hidden Republic: Its Origin and Institutions, and the Record of a Journey Thither
    https://books.google.com/books?id=_XpEAQAAMAAJ&q=darra&pg=PA9
  31. "Online Etymology Dictionary"
    http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Andorra
  32. Images of the Medieval Peasant
    https://archive.org/details/imagesofmedieval0000free
  33. "La Margineda – El Camí"
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