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American cockroach

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American cockroach

The American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is the largest species of cockroach routinely found in homes, and often considered a pest. In certain regions of the U.S. it is colloquially known as the waterbug, though it is not a true waterbug since it is not aquatic, nor a Hemipteran. It is also known as the ship cockroach, kakerlac, and Bombay canary. It is often misidentified as a palmetto bug. Despite their name, American cockroaches are native to Africa and the Middle East. They are believed to have been introduced to the Americas only from the 17th century onward as a result of human commercial patterns, including the Atlantic slave trade.

Tables

· Comparison of three common cockroaches
Size
Size
Roach
Size
German cockroach
13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in)
Oriental cockroach
18–29 mm (0.71–1.14 in)
American cockroach
29–53 mm (1.1–2.1 in)
Preferred temperature
Preferred temperature
Roach
Preferred temperature
German cockroach
15–35 °C (59–95 °F)
Oriental cockroach
20–30 °C (68–86 °F)
American cockroach
20–29 °C (68–84 °F)
Nymphal development
Nymphal development
Roach
Nymphal development
German cockroach
54–215 days(at 24–35 °C (75–95 °F))
Oriental cockroach
164–542 days(at 22–30 °C (72–86 °F))
American cockroach
150–360 days(at 25–30 °C (77–86 °F))
Lifespan
Lifespan
Roach
Lifespan
German cockroach
Around 200 days
Oriental cockroach
35–190 days
American cockroach
90–706 days
Able to fly?
Able to fly?
Roach
Able to fly?
German cockroach
Uncommon
Oriental cockroach
No
American cockroach
Yes
Roach
German cockroach
Oriental cockroach
American cockroach
Size
13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in)
18–29 mm (0.71–1.14 in)
29–53 mm (1.1–2.1 in)
Preferred temperature
15–35 °C (59–95 °F)
20–30 °C (68–86 °F)
20–29 °C (68–84 °F)
Nymphal development
54–215 days(at 24–35 °C (75–95 °F))
164–542 days(at 22–30 °C (72–86 °F))
150–360 days(at 25–30 °C (77–86 °F))
Lifespan
Around 200 days
35–190 days
90–706 days
Able to fly?
Uncommon
No
Yes

References

  1. Dependent on several factors, including temperature (significantly), sex, and nutrition.
  2. German cockroaches can glide, especially males, but powered flight is uncommon.
  3. American cockroaches can fly short distances, usually starting from high places, but real flight is uncommon, despite po
  4. Dictionary of American Regional English
    https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofamer0000unse_a4m8/page/20
  5. American Cockroach
    https://books.google.com/books?id=7JCsYtH-VcYC&pg=PA1
  6. Orlando Sentinel
    https://www.orlandosentinel.com/1997/12/10/palmetto-bug-roach-or-beetle-quit-debating-we-have-the-answer/
  7. Encyclopedia of Life
    http://eol.org/pages/1076920/details
  8. Garcia, Lindsay. "American Cockroaches, Racism, and the Ecology of the Slave Ship." Environment & Society Portal, Arcadi
    http://www.environmentandsociety.org/arcadia/american-cockroaches-racism-and-ecology-slave-ship
  9. Nature Communications
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5861062
  10. AskIFAS
    https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/IN298
  11. Cockroaches
  12. Book of Insect Records
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090310055756/http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/walker/ufbir/chapters/chapter_39.shtml
  13. University Science News
    http://www.unisci.com/stories/20013/0927016.htm
  14. "Fastest Land Insect"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20080224153314/http://www.4to40.com/recordbook/index.asp?id=41&category=animal
  15. Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7276812
  16. "American Cockroaches"
    http://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/american-cockroaches
  17. Journal of Chemical Education
    https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1982JChEd..59...35W
  18. Zoological Letters
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5348754
  19. Insect Science
    https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019InsSc..26..649T
  20. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/20/science/american-cockroach-genome.html
  21. "Agricultural and Natural Resources Fact Sheet: American Cockroach (HYG-2096-08)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090117215715/http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/pdf/2096.pdf
  22. Southwestern Entomologist
    http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.3958/059.043.0205
  23. The Journal of Communicable Diseases
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1344954
  24. "New York City Environmental Health Services"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120614062931/http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/ehs/ehscroach.shtml
  25. Journal of Medical Entomology
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/28.2.210
  26. Today's Homeowner
    https://todayshomeowner.com/pest-control/reviews/best-roach-traps/
  27. New Zealand Lizards
    https://books.google.com/books?id=cdQ0DQAAQBAJ&q=Glue+traps+made+using+adhesive+applied+to+cardboard+or+similar+material&pg=PA277
  28. Urban Insects and Arachnids: A Handbook of Urban Entomology
    https://books.google.com/books?id=aluUgDVYJ8wC&pg=PA51
  29. Clay's Handbook of Environmental Health
    https://books.google.com/books?id=ck2qO5Gyj40C&pg=PT317
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